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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20181207.tiffUSE BY SPECIAL REVIEW (USR) APPLICATION DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING SERVICES * 1555 N. 17 AVENUE * GREELEY, CO 80631 www. weldgo v corn * 970-353-6100 EXT 3540 * FAX 970-304-6498 FOR PLANNING DEPARTMENT USE: AMOUNT $ APPLICATION RECEIVED BY DATE RECEIVED: CASE # ASSIGNED: PLANNER ASSIGNED: Parcel Number*: 1 4 6 9. 0 7_ 4 0 0_ U 0 8 Address of site: Pipeline crosses multiple parcels. Legal Description: SE 114 of Section 7 (start of line) (*A 12 digit number on Tax 1.O information, obtainable at WWW elkllv.co!' ) Section: 7,5 9 16,15 Township: I N Range: 67 W Zone District: AG Acreage: Floodplain:OYON Geological Hazard: fl Airport O riay:OY ON FEE OWNER(S) OF THE PROPERTY: Name: Company: Phone #: Street Address: Email: City/State/Zip Code: Name: Company: Phone It Street Address: _ City/State/Zip Code Name: Email: Company: Phone #: Street Address City/StatelZi p Code: Email. APPLICANT OR AUTHORIZED AGENT: (See below Authorization must acconpany all applications signed by Authorized Agents) Name: Samuel Samet Company: Phone #: Kerr McGee Gathering 720-929-3317 Street Address: 1099 18th St Email: Sam.Sarnet@anadarko.com a@anadarko.com City/State/Zip Code: Denver, CO 80202 PROPOSED USE: Kerr McGee Gathering proposes to install a new 24" high pressure natural gas pipeline. The line will start in the SE 1/4 of Section 7 on parcel 146907400008, bisect Section 8 across the NRC property, bisect Section 9 across the NRC prope rty,cress CR 10 then cross the NE corner of section 16 into the NW corner of section 15 in Ti N R67W. I (We) hereby depose and state under penalties of perjury that all statements, proposals} and/or plans submitted with or contained within the application aretrue and correct to the bestof my (our)knowledge. Signatures of all fee owners of property m ustsign this application. If an Authorized Agent signs, a letter of authorization from all fee owners must be included with the application. If a corporation is the fee owner, notarized evidence must be included indicating that the signatory has to legal authoris ign for the corporation. Sign {owner uthorized Agent Date Signature: Owner or Authorized Agent Date Samuel Samet Print Name Print Name F?ev X01'6 1. Use by Special Review uestionnaire 1.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED USE OF THE PROPERTY. This USR application is referred to as the Dacono to Frederick Kerr-McGee Gathering, LL ( l CIG), 24" High -Pressure Natural Gas Pipeline. Kerr-McGee is a subsidiary of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation. Kerr-McGeefAnadarko eefAnadarko operate approximately 5000 wells within the Denver-Julesberg J) Basin with the vast majority being located in Weld County, Colorado. All of these wells produce varying amounts of natural gas and oil that need to be routed through numerous miles of pipeline and through a number of compressor stations in Weld County. The oil and gas pipelines in. Weld County move product from wells to compressor stations, and then to processing facilities. This application specifically addresses the need for a new high pressure gas pipeline in Township 1 North, Range 67 West. This phase of the pipeline will be approximately 23 miles long and will run in a east/west direction and cross multiple sections including 7, 8, 9, 16, and 15 in Township 1 North, Range 67 West. The line will connect into the Dacono Compressor Station [USR 14-0019, SEC 7-T 1N -R67) and into a future planned facility that will be permitted at a later date through the USR process. Ken -McGee has submitted the preferred route for review and approval. Alternate routes were not an option for this project since Kerr-McGee had existing pipeline corridors provided for in negotiated agreements that allowed for multi -line routes. 1.2 EXPLAIN HOW THIS PROPOSAL IS CONSISTENT WITH THE INTENT OF THE WELD COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN. The Weld County Comprehensive Plan addresses goals and policies for agriculturally zoned properties, oil and gas deposits, as wells as environmental pollutants that oil and gas operations may omit. The Oil and Gas Deposits Section of the Comprehensive Plan (Sec. 22-5-90) states, "The most efficient and environmentally friendly way to transport crude oil is by pipeline, rather than by truck." Transportation of product by pipeline also has less impact to County roads. The reduction of truck traffic also increases air quality in the area, another benefit derived from additional pipeline infrastructure. Furthermore, Oil and Gas Policy 2.8 states "Oil and gas activities should be planned to accommodate current and future subdivision activities to the extent such development can reasonable be anticipated." The proposed pipeline meets the above referenced goals and is consistent with policies of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. 1.3 EXPLAIN HOW THIS PROPOSAL IS CONSISTENT WITH THE INTENT OF THE WELD COUNTY CODE, CHAPTER 23 (ZONING) AND THE ZONE DISTRICT IN WHICH IT IS LOCATED. Oil and gas facilities are allowed as a use by right in the A (Agricultural) Zone District. All properties included in this proposed gas line alignment are zoned Agriculture and such zoning allows oil and gas support and service operations such as pipelines. However, the code does require to be permitted as a Site Specific Development Plan and will require the approval of a Use by Special Review permit. Any impacts to actively cultivated land by the project will be temporary, and agricultural operations can return once the pipelines are operational. 1 All standards outlined in Sec. 23-2-400 of the Weld County Code will also be met. The design and routing of the proposed pipeline mitigates negative impacts on the surrounding area to the greatest extent feasible. This is the preferred route due to economic feasibility, constructability, environmental sensitivity, and landowner preferences including route access. Private easements have been negotiated with private land owners, whereas alternative alignments would require new easements to be negotiated and involve crossings that may result in greater environmental impacts in certain locations. The Conditions of Approval and Development Standards will also ensure that there is no fugitive dust or erosion and will ensure the control of noxious weeds. Best Management Practices (BMPs) will be implemented (through the grading permit process) for all construction areas, including erosion control methods and dust suppression. Kerr McGee has also proposed a number of measures to mitigate impacts from the pipeline including the boring beneath County roads to avoid damage to the road surface or disruption to traffic flow; tracking pads will be utilized where heavy equipment is required to cross roads to prevent damage to the road surface; topsoil will be segregated from subsoil during grading activities. Once the pipeline is installed in the trench, subsoil will be backf"illed into the trench. The segregated topsoil will be placed atop the subsoil, and the right-of-way will be graded to preconstruction contours; if disturbance to crops occurs the landowner would be compensated at fair market value; a Colorado Department of Public Health and Environmental (CDPHE) Construction Stormwater Permit will be obtained. The permit requires the development of a SWIVP. Kerr McGee has developed the Stormwater Management Plan [SWMP] WHIP] to provide mitigation measures to be followed during construction and operation of the pipeline; and the impacted area will be stabilized by reseeding and if necessary, installing permanent erosion controls as quickly as possible following final grading. 1.4 WHAT TYPES OF USES SURROUND THIS SITE? EXPLAIN HOW THE PROPOSED USE IS CONSISTENT AND COMPATIBLE WITH SURROUNDING LAND USES. The pipeline's route is located in unincorporated Weld County in an Agricultural Zone District containing rural residential development, production agriculture, and rangelands. The project is consistent with and compatible with the surrounding land uses as a use allowed by right under Weld County Code Section 23- 3 -20. 1.5 DESCRIBE, IN DETAIL, THE FOLLOWING: How many people will use this site? There will be no employees on site along the gas line corridor except during construction. Once the line is in operation, the gas line route is visited by a Kerr-McGee employee on a regular basis. Given the very limited amount of employee time an employee is around the gas line it is suggested thatthere is no need for permanent water and sewer service needs. Personnel can utilize these services at their typical office locations. How many employees are proposed to be employed at this site? There are no full time employees to be located along the gas line route. The ROW may be periodically driven by one or two employees for regular inspection and/or maintenance. What are the hours of operation? The pipeline will carry gas 24 hours a day 7 days a week based on demand. Trucks usually will only travel along the route during the hours of Gam -5 pm unless there is an emergency. 2 What type and how may structures will be erected (built) on this site? There will be no permanent structures built on site. What type and how many animals, if any, will be on site? There will not be any animals on site. What kind (type, size, weight) of vehicles will access this site and how often? An Anadarko employee will visit the pipelines on a regular basis in a company pick-up truck. In maintenancelemergency situations, larger equipment may be utilized. Who will provide fire protection to this site? Mountain View Fire Protection District and Fort Lupton Fire Protection District would be dispatched in the unlikely event of an incident along the pipeline route. The project will not have a water source; therefore, water or other fire retardants would be transported to the ROW if necessary. Kerr-McGee's emergency response team will be the first line of response for emergency situations and will coordinate with local responders as appropriate. What is the water source on the property (both domestic and irrigation)? There is no need for a water source along the pipeline route. Bottled water shall be utilized for drinking during the construction of the project. What is the sewage disposal system on the property (existing and proposed)? There will be no need for a permanent sewage disposal system. Employees will also have access to use a part -o -let that will be on -site during the construction period. If storage or warehousing is proposed, what type of items will be stored? This project will not require storage or warehousing. 1.6 EXPLAIN THE PROPOSED LANDSCAPING FOR THE SITE. THE LANDSCAPING SHALL BE SEPARATELY SUBMITTED AS A LANDSCAPE PLAN MAP AS PART OF THE APPLICATION SUBMITTAL. There is no screening or additional landscaping proposed with this application. Per separate agreement the pipeline corridor is to be kept free of materials that may create an obstruction. The entire pipeline will be underground with the exception of valves locations. Pipeline routes will be returned to natural state when the project is complete. 1.7 EXPLAIN ANY PROPOSED RECLAMATION PROCEDURES WHEN TERMINATION OF THE USE BY SPECIAL REVIEW ACTIVITY OCCURS. Upon successful completion of construction, disturbed areas may be crimped and seeded with native grasses to encourage vegetation growth, soil stabilization and prevent erosion. Provisions for crop damage on agricultural land and/or remedies for soil erosion problems have been or will be addressed with individual landowners. 1.8 EXPLAIN HOW THE STORM WATER DRAINAGE WILL BE HANDLED ON THE SITE. Kerr-McGee's construction activities are covered by a Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Stormwater Discharge Permit, AnadarkofKl GG will adhere to all Colorado Dept. of Public Health. and Environment's rules and regulations in regards to storm water discharge, 3 The route is relatively flat. Negligible increase of storm water runoff will be associated with the proposed pipeline construction activities. However, storm water controls (BMPs) will be implemented along the entire project disturbance area to minimize erosion andwater runoff. Anadarko utilizes a third -party contractor (LTE Environmental) to conduct the permit -mandated BLIP inspections. Historical surface flow patterns and amounts shall be maintained at each site in such a manner that it will reasonably preserve the natural character of the area and prevent property damage of the type generally attributed to run-off rate and velocity increases, diversions, concentration and/or unplanned ponding of storm water run-off. 1.9 EXPLAIN HOW LONG IT WILL TAKE TO CONSTRUCT THIS SITE AND WHEN CONSTRUCTION AND LANDSCAPING IS SCHEDULED TO BEGIN. Kerr-McGee would like to start construction on April 1st and anticipates the construction to take approximately 4 months. The stages of construction will consist of a one week mobilization and clearance of ROW. Then the pipeline will be installed. At the end of the pipeline installation, Kerr-McGee will take approximately two weeks to perform final finding and reclamation of the ROW. In case of decommissioning the pipeline, Kerr McGee's plan would be to abandon in place which consists of the steps listed below: • Pigging the line to remove any liquids from the line • Remove any above ground facilities • Nitrogen purge of the line, leave 1 opsig on the line, and cap both ends, backfill and reclaim "1.10 WASTE There will be no waste stored associated with this project. 2. Weld County Access Permit Kerr-McGee is aware that there are Weld County requirements for access permits for county roads. Kerr- McGee and/or its contractorwill obtain the necessary access permits and will be submitted for review. 3. Wald County Water Supply and Sewer Disposal Due to the nature of this facility being one natural gas pipeline an approximate total of 2.5 mile stretch, there is no need for a source of water or a sewer system of any type. The portable toilets on site are provided by and service by Waste management. 4. Emergency Response Information Due to the nature of this facility being a gas pipeline for an approximate total of 2.5 mile stretch, any emergency along the line will necessitate Kerr-McGee personnel to respond to the line and resolve with our company standard protocol. Kerr-McGee has trained personnel available 24/7 to respond to incidents and engage local officials as appropriate. Kerr-McGee/,Anadarko's Central Data Center provides 24/7 monitoring and emergency response that number is 1-866-504-8184. In any case the following personnel at Anadarko can be reached if necessary: Charles R. Chase — Staff HE Representative 1099 18th St. 4 Denver, CO (720) 929 3721 (307) 399 3911— Mobile Rick Morrish — Sr, Staff HSE Representative 501 N Division Blvd, Platteville, CO 80651 970 515 1157 (303) 570 4745 — Mobile 5. Preliminary Drainage and Traffic Narrative Not applicable. This project does not warrant a need for either a drainage study or a traffic study. No drainage patterns will be altered and once construction of the pipeline is done there will be relatively few vehicles on the nearby roads. Any additional traffic resulting from construction of the pipeline will be minor and temporary. 6. Waste Handling Plan No wastes are expected to be generated on site, No chemicals will be stored on site. The project is for one subsurface pipeline. No vehicles or equipment will be washed along the route during or construction. During construction, if any liquid or solid wastes are needed, they will be stored or removed for final disposal in a manner that protects against surface and groundwater contamination, No permanent disposal of waste shall be permitted. Waste materials shall be handled, stored and disposed in a manner that controls fugitive dust, fugitive particulate emissions, blowing debris, and other potential nuisance conditions. Regarding a motor vehicle oil leak (potentially during construction), Anadarko's standard operating procedures are to dig up the contaminated soil and ship it to the Ault Waste Management facility. Anadarko then tests and analyzes the remaining soil to be sure it is clear of all containments. Once that is completed, Anadarko back fills the previously contaminated area with clean fill. 7'. Dust Abatement Plan During the construction phase of the pipeline project, Anadarko and its contractors utilize water trucks to maintain dust suppression and fugitive particulate emissions. Also, the Storm Water Management Plan will be followed to mitigate soil erosion during the construction phase. After construction is completed, each property will be stabilized using appropriate native vegetation, which will not be allowed to grow over 12" high. Additionally, Anadarko will gravel any access drive affected with the same material in its existing condition. In addition, a water truck will be utilized to control dust after the construction, if required. 8. Flood Hazard and Geologic Hazard Permit A Geologic Hazard Development Permit or Flood Hazard Permit are not applicable with the pipeline. 9. Fire and Emergency Response There is adequate provision for the protection of the health, safety and welfare of the inhabitants of the neighborhood and the country. 5 All roads will be designed and maintained to support fire apparatus. A turnaround may be constructed as necessary to accommodate fire apparatus. Anadarko has support personnel in the field or on call at all times to provide technical assistance in fire prevention and elimination. Kerr McGee/Anadarko's Central Data Center in Platteville monitors our pipelines the 24/7 telephone number is 1-866-504-8184, 10. Required Permits • A Use by Special Review Permit is required to be approved by the Board of County Commissioners prior to construction of the facility. • Kerr-McGee/Anadarko will submit any additional permits necessary for county approval.. • Weld County ROW Permits will be required for installation in Weld County ROW and will be applied for prior to construction in any Weld County ROW. This includes road crossings and borings. • If necessary, oversize load permits will be obtained prior to moving any new equipment onto the site. • The Site Plan and Special Review Use Application will be referred to and reviewed by the Front Range Fire Rescue. 6 11. Notification Requirements In accordance with Section 23-2-260 (B) (9) of the Weld County Code a certified list of the names and addresses of the owners of property within 500 feet of proposed project is included in this application. The County is responsible for mailing the notice. This list was created from Assessor records of Weld County on 1/9/2018, 11.1 AFFIDAVIT OF INTEREST OWNERS SURFACE ESTATE AND SURFACE OWNERS LIST A signed Affidavit of Interested Land Owners is also included in the Appendix of this application. Notice will be in the County Newspaper of Record and signs will be posted at each County road right-of-way. 11.2 LAND OWNERSHIP INFORMATION AND ROW Please see appendix . 7 KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC ASSISTANT SECRETARY'S CERTIFICATE I, Margaret E. Roark, Assistant Secretary of KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company (the "Company"), do hereby certify that the following resolutions were adopted by the sole member of the Company on the 21St day of December 2010, as the same appear in the minute book of the Company, and that said resolutions remain in full force and effect as of the date hereof, and have not been amended, repealed, rescinded, revoked or changedin any way whatsoever. POWERS of ATTORNEY RESOLVED that any employee of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation holding the title of Land Director or Land Manager be, and each of them hereby is, made, constitutedand appointed as a true and lawful Agent and Attorney -in -Fact for the Company and, in its name, to perform the hereinafter specified acts within the States of the United States of America, under state or federal jurisdiction, to -wit: 1. ASSIGNMENTS: To execute and deliver on behalf of the Company, as its duly authorized Agent and Attorney -in -Fact, assignments of oil and gas leases and geothermal leases; assignments of surface easements and rights -of -way; and assignments of surface owner agreements. . RELEASES D RELINUIHENT. To execute and deliver on behalf of the Company, releases or relinquishments of easements and/or rights -of -way; releases of surface owner agreements; releases of leases for oil, gas, coal -bed methane, sulfur, any other mineral or steam and any other geothermal resources; together with the authority, if appropriate to request approval of such releases or relinquishments. 3. LEASE DOC U IVIEN T : To execute and deliver on behalf of the Company, leases or partial interests therein for oil, gas, coal - bed methane, sulfur, and any other mineral or steam and any other geothermal resources; Federal, Indian and State leases for oil and gas, coal -bed methane, sulfur, and any other mineral or steam and any other geothermal resources and authority to request approval thereof; lease bids; lease applications; lease offers; surface leases; .joint bidding agreements; bonds; leaseout agreements; stipulations or other related documents which may be required for issuance of any lease(s) for oil and gas, coal -bed methane, sulfur, and any other mineral or steam and any other geothermal resources, leases of the Company minerals or surface property. 4. GENERAL DOCUMENTS: To execute and deliver on behalf of the Company, deeds; joint operating agreements; gas balancing agreements; transfer orders; letters in lieu of transfer orders; division orders; Affidavits of Production; easements, servitudes and right-of-way agreements; pooling agreements; communitization agreements; unit agreements; unit reformation agreements; cooperative unit agreements; federal and/or state unit agreements; farm in agreements; farm out agreements; seismic option agreements; seismic permits; non -drilling agreements; acreage contribution agreements; bottom hole contribution agreements; production handling agreements; seismic option agreements; exploration agreements; venture agreements; pipeline crossing agreements; well data trade agreements; communications agreements; radio tower agreements; federal unit agreements; federal unit operating agreements; dry hole contribution agreements; geothermal leases; water disposal agreements; surface use agreements; road. use agreements; surface damage settlements; surface owner agreements; subsurface easements; contracts for the purchase and sale of surface sites for field operations; agreements relating to seismic operations and other similar such documents. 5. FEDERAL LEASES: To execute and deliver on behalf of the Company simultaneous oil and gas lease applications and offers; to execute and deliver on behalf of the Company simultaneous oil mid gas lease applications and lease offers, statements of interest and holdings and other statements required or authorized by the Federal Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, the Mineral Leasing Act for Acquired Lands of 1947, the Geothermal Energy Act of 1980, the Indian Mineral Act of 1982, the Federal Onshore Oil and Gas Leasing Reform Act of 1987, any statute relating to Indian tribal or allotted lands or state lands, as amended or supplemented, the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act and the Outer Continental Lands Act Amendments of 1978, as amended or supplemented. and the regulations heretofore or hereafter issued pursuant thereto or any other law, now or hereafter enacted, or the regulations (Code of Federal Regulations) passed pursuant thereto. 6. GENERAL POWERS: Except as noted elsewhere in this provision, to execute and deliver such other related documents as may be required in order to conduct the business of the Company. This Power of Attorney shall be construed broadly as a General Power of Attorney. The listing of specific powers is not intended to limit or restrict the general powers granted in this Power of Attorney in any manner. The Company hereby limits the authority of the Attorney -in -Fact named herein, insofar as it relates to the filing of offers to lease and instruments of assignment, transfer and sublease, to make such filings for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company and not on behal f of any other person in whole or in part, and hereby specifically prohibits the Attorney in Fact from filing offers to lease on behalf of any other person or entity. 7. WAIVER OF DEFENSES: As to all acts taken, or acts performed under this Power of Attorney, the Company agrees to be bound to representations made on its behalf by the said Agent and Attorney -in -Fact and does hereby waive any and all defenses which may be available to it to contest, negate or disaffirm actions of said Agent and Attorney-i n -Fact. RESOLVED that this Power of Attorney shall be effective and shall remain in effect until rescinded by the Company; provided, however, that the authority granted to any Land Director or Land Manager by this Power of Attorney will expire immediately upon the termination of employment, change of title, death or disability of such Land Director or Land Manager. RESOLVED that any documents consistent with the authority herein granted may be executed with the title "Land Manager", "Land Director", or "Agent and Attorney -in -Fact." RESOLVED that if any of the powers granted herein shall be declared invalid, inoperative or void, such declaration shall in no way affect the validity of the others powers granted herein. 3 I do hereby further certify that the following employee of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation holds the title set opposite his name hereunder as of this date and, pursuant to the foregoing resolutions, is duly authorized to act for and on behalf of the Company: NAME Ronald H. Olsen TITLE Land Manager IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of the Company this 26th day of August 2013. .ti STATE OF TEXAS COUNTY OF MONTGOMERY tit/if/ F r f''' • Margaret E. Roark Assistant Secretary BEFORE ME, the undersigned Notary Public in and for the State of Texas, on this day personally appeared Margaret E. Roark, known to me to be the person whose name is subscribed to the foregoing instrument, and acknowledged to me that she executed the same for the purposes andconsideration therein expressed. Given under my hand and seal of office this 26th day of August 2013. ,C�, AJ '% isstry„,... EE tars * la! •s., %irris,,, :is O ...r,r0", 1 r: ti ia.:::.., gy% r Ilia + =� a OD +dell ▪ r M ,-.; ea.r- f • a O I • a IS �, — S • e. S IC . 1 r el II •Illil r �,t• * EMI! PIP alk •r` • •• Oes • SW • • t. t •r. millis in• 114b itleaip i y• wet sr; • 6r ok Fr IS": se° ill3 lik 491111/1. t , ‘‘c P. Notary Public in and for the State of Texas 4 4124674 07/15/2015 09:59 Al l Total Pages: 4 Rec Fee: $26.00 Carly Koppes - Clerk and Recorder, Weld County, CO RIG SIT -of -Alf GRANT 49 A tit THIS R1 GHT-OF• AY GRANT (Grant) is made thisTiday of , 2014, from Johnson Farms, LLP, a Colorado limited liability partnership whose addles is 16 Sunset Circle, Longmont, Colorado 80501("Grantor," whether one or more), to KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, whose address is 1099 18th Street, suite 1600, Denver, Colorado 80202 ("KMGG"). The parties agree as follows: For and in consideration of Ten Dollars ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Grantor hereby grants, conveys and warrants unto "KNI ", its successors and assigns, a perpetual right-offway and easement to survey, construct, maintain, inspect, operate, repair, replace, modify, change the size of, reconstruct, mark, monitor, abandon or remove and release, at Kl lG 's election, one or more pipelines, electric power lines, data transmission lines and equipment, and all appurtenances, below and/or above ground; necessary or convenient for the transportation or transmission of oil, gas, petroleum products, water, electricity, electronic data, hydrocarbons and any other substances, whether electronic, fluid, solid or gaseous, and any products, derivatives, combinations or mixtures of any of the foregoing, in, on, over, under, or through the lands situated in Weld County, State of Colorado, being described as follows: TOWNSHIP I NORTH, RANGE 67 WEST, 6Th PM, Section 7: Part of the South Half (S2) The route and course of the right-of-way and easement conveyed hereby (Right -of -Way Lands") are more particularly described on Exhibit "N attached hereto and made a part hereof. The width of the Right -of -Way ay Lands is One hundred and Twenty-five feet (125') during construction, and subsequent to construction the width of the Right -of -Way Lands is One Hundred feet (100'). If there is a deviation in the Right -of -Way Lands as constructed, then Grantor agrees that upon request from KNIGG the parties will execute a Notice of Pipeline Location along with an as -built survey plat to amend the description of the Right -of -Way Lands. From time to time after the initial construction of the pipeline(s), KiVIGG may require the use of the construction work space depicted on said Exhibit "A' to survey, construct, maintain, inspect, operate, repair, alter, replace, modify, change the size of, reconstruct, mark, monitor, abandon or remove the pipeline(s) together with appurtenances. KMGG may use the construction work space from time to time in connection with the rights granted hereby, provided it gives Grantor reasonable notice of such use and provided further that it restores the same as provided below when riot in use. Grantor represents and warrants to KMGG that Grantor is the sole owner in fee simple of the Right -of -Way Lands subject to the burden of the Right -of -Way and that Grantor has full right, power and authority to enter into this Grant, Any pipelines and/or appurtenances to be constructed underground pursuant to this Grant shall be placed at a depth of not less than 36 inches below the surface of the ground. Grantor agrees not to increase or decrease the surface elevation on the Right -of -Way Lands without KIAGG's prior written permission. KMGG shall repair and/or restore any fence(s) on or adjacent to the Right -of -Way Lands that are removed or severed by KMGG in the course of the operations provided for in this Grant to the condition such fence was in prior to its removal or severance by KMGG. if necessary to prevent the escape of Grantor's livestock, KitAGG she construct temporary gates or fences in those areas affected by G's operations as provided for in this Grant To the extent reasonably practicable and within a reasonable period of time after completion of construction, KMGG shall level and restore any lands affected by Kli's operations that have excessive settling and shall sufficiently compact the soil to the condition that existed at the time immediately prior to the placement of 's pipeline(s), Grantor agrees that Grantor will not build, create, or construct, or permit to be built, created or constructed, any obstruction, building, fence, reservoir, engineering works or other structures or improvements over, under, on or across the Right -of -Way Lands without the prior written consent of KMGG. KMGG shall have all rights, privileges and benefits necessary or convenient for the full use and enjoyment of this Grant, including but not limited to the rights of ingress and egress over and across Grantors lands lying adjacent to the Right -of -Way Lands for any and all purposes necessary or incidental to exercising KM 's rights hereunder. Grantor agrees that at KM 's option, KMGG may pay and discharge any taxes, mortgages or liens existing, levied or assessed 4124674 07/15/2015 09:59 Al l Page 2 of 4 on or against the lands burdened by the Right -of -Way easement. If KMGG exercises such option. KMGG shall be subrogated to the rights of the party to whom payment is made, and in addition to its other rights, may reimburse itself out of any rentals, royalties, shut-in royalties, or any other amounts otherwise payable to Grantor from KMGG. KMGG shall be obligated to pay for, repair, replace or otherwise compensate Grantor for any damages resulting from M G's activities and operations on the Right -of -Way Lands, except for any damage to structures or improvements placed in the Right -of -Way Lands contrary to the terms contained herein, and Grantor shall pay for, reimburse, indemnify and hold KMGG harmless from any and all claims or damages resulting from Grantor's activities on the Right -of -Way Lands. Grantor shall have the right to use and enjoy the Right -of -Way Lands, subject to the rights herein granted. This Grant cannot be modified, except by an instrument in writing signed by Grantor and by an authorized representative of KMGG. The rights granted herein may be assigned in whole or in part, and the terms, conditions, and provisions of this Grant are a covenant running with the land and shall extend to and be binding upon the successors and assigns of Grantor and of KMGG. KMGG shall record an original of this Rig ht-of•ray Grant or a Memorandum of Right -of - Way Grant in the records of the County in which the Right -of -Way Lands are located. By recording this Rightrof- ay Grant or a Memorandum of Right -of -Way Grant, *MG shall be deemed to have accepted all of the terms and conditions hereof. This Grant may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be considered one and the same agreement. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Grantor has executed and delivered this Right -of -Way Grant as of the date first above written. Grantor: Johnson Farms LLP Catm r7Ltisece± By: Susan J1 Trued( STATE OF COLORADO COUNTY OF } SS. The foregoing n instrument was acknowledged r o ed ed before me this3Otdayo� "�"`' o� � � g � by Witness my hand and official Seal. My Commission Expires: -La Zo y � M,AU .EE .�f,=�`',�i C. Se SON NC`AWp, . STATE t 10.9' OLe5 • ' •'v' laTAR C 1W1418.437846 �' Ai '.s' } " 4,1*'.". Y1 0,4 ::•,13 21 w ie fir+''41 I L ii , ti ,/t`1 C;i�M}'rati����,;��' .;,.,V,ll �:�:��rOti4 yG•"��vin• lY�i �s 1 Tt..cr-r Yomtr. ma v+p'4+ . eer:44aT.C%rn:err'14Y/.':,.4 :WPM •.�14.1li l'L.driI Notary Public: 4124674 07/15/2015 09:59 Al l Page 3 of 4 EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between Susan I Troudt, Marian J. Botinelli & Carla Johnson Hobbs, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 1 of 2 A 50 foot wide strip of land being a portion of that parcel described in Special Warranty Deed to Susan J. Troudt, Marian I Botinelli, and Carla Johnson Hobbs filed July 9, 1971 at Reception Number 1571288 in the south half of Section 7, Township 1. North, Range 67 West of the Sixth Principal Meridian, County of Weld, State ofColorado, said 50 foot Wide strip being 25 feet each side of the following described centerline: Note: 1.) The Basis of Bearings is the south line of the southeast quarter Section 7, TIN, R67W 6th P.M., as monumented with an aluminum cap stamped PLS 29425 at the west end and an aluminum cap stamped FIBS 38100 at the east end, with a grid bearing ofN 89'3657" W. 2.) The side lines of the right of way are to be lengthened and/or shortened as necessary to end at the property lines. 3,) All directions, distances, and dimensions shown hereon are based on coordinates from the Colorado coordinate system of 1983 north zone (CRS. 3842-102), Commencing at the southwest corner of Section 7, an aluminum cap stamped PLS 16406; Thence N 1395'49" 15'49" E a distance of393.79, 93.7 , more or less, to a point on the east line of Weld County Road Right of Way Reception Number 3490339, feet to the POINT OF BEGINNING: Thence N 89022120" E a distance of 3379.04 feet; Thence S 85'30'00" E a distance of 996.85 feet; Thence N 5004324" E a distance of 291.07 feet; Thence S 84°1616°' E a distance of 188.11 feet; Thence S 62°25'00" E a distance of 34O 4 feet, more or less, to a point on the east line of Section 7 and the POINT OF TERMINUS from which an aluminum cap PLS 38100 it the southeast corner of said Section 7 bears S 0094'11" E a distance of 384.41 feet. , 1 Total Right of Way Length: 519531 feet Prepared by David C. Costner For and on behalf of GEOV A division of Topograhpic Land Surveyors 520 Stacy Ct. Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 RR -Me EE Right of Way Survey A division of T000grfphk Land Surveyors spapper wtiw�+.taPC9 ahta.carn_ DWG: 00$014GEOSURV‘WokitNorthSICERR MCGEE GATHERTNGI&uffale Badger AS14HudTlo Badger Trout ROW R14wg USER: SW( DATE; Feb 3,2015 ':Barn TOWNSHIP: 1 North RANGE: 67 West t 6th . PM 1a= 600' COUNTY: Weld 2/18/2015 -SAP AFE: 2095688 as j TRACKING: STATE: Colorado BY: sit a 4124674 07/15/2015 09:59 Al l Page 4 of 4 4 EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between Susan I Troudt, Marian J. Botinelli & Carla Johnson Hobbs, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERrNG LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 2 of 0 = .0 ll co -.�, CD I I I I O C a C. O r UtaCO: r: rrrr Z m to 00 tr+ 2 - m CO 0, % - m U, N 50°4324" E CO 00 P. r mm 2\3 DJ t _ BEARING ... _ a NI-Lto I OO;CD�-4 , e "� *f � Q3 a a� DISTANCI 1 tmluari thv Ot Cat LPN wmea cal Cid cn n 4 r1 L4 Co zooxrics r Ca ci4np. to a. R -I fi m a N) co ni cig a t 0 2 p a co Ca a 1/40 at O Pg Lnt GO in CD .flm em — 0O 1 �l 44 k4 1ti r �1 r I �I I i I I I 71.1 —a la CIO th 1 I r r I I I I I i I a r N WCR 13 a.k.a. Colorado Blvd WCR 13 Right of Way Rec No. 3490339 “ o, G,+ Vcan. co 521% 'Anr o oel 111111! mG Zal at '5 O m 822 L L9 le 'ON °ell co w a 0. c3). 5- 0 tr. CD 90 0 O O Cr U) SE 210llA a tel 22 .9 �tict CD CD O 1 LtP9 M Ridt'I.QOO NI H om a) _I 5 —O -44 co E rse,4 —I , 0 e-4 cf) om vilz 0 ift‘ti z c 0 cid co a 00 KERB- e EE Right of Way Survey A division of T'opagrophIG Lend Surveyors moat:tori_ia0hit.GQm TOWNSHIP: 1 North RANGE 67 West 6th PM COUNTY: Weld 1' = 8001 SAP AFL: 2095684_. 2/18/2015 TRACKING: STATE: Colorado DWG GAGEOSUR iWcidzNNlartJAKERR MCGEE GAtIffJNOSBrstrale Badger .452\Butfulk Badger Trout ROW R1..thvg USIA.: SiM DAIS Feb 18 2015 7:39Mt BY: shh 4345436 10/19/2017 10:23 AM Total Pages: 4 Rec Fee: $2800 Carly Koppel - Clerk and Recorder, Weld County, CO AMENDMENT OF RIGHT-OF-WAY GRANT THIS AMENDMENT OF RIGHT-OF-WAY GRANT ("Amendment") made this day of bey- ,, 2017, is by and between JOHNSON FARMS, LLP, a Colorado limited liability partnership, whose address is 16 Sunset Circle, Longmont, Colorado ("Johnson Farms") and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, whose address is 109918th Street, Suite 1800, Denver, Colorado 80202 ("KMGG"). Johnson Farms and KMGG may be referred to herein individually as a " Pa rty" or collectively as the "Parties". WHEREAS, by instrument recorded July 15, 2015, at Reception Number 4124674 of the Records of the Weld County Clerk and Recorders Office, Johnson Farms, as Grantor, conveyed to KMGG, as Grantee, a right-of-way and easement (the "Grant") under, on, over, and through the following described lands in Weld County, Colorado (the "Right -of -Way Lands"): TOWNSHIP 1 NORTH, RANGE 67 WEST, 6TH PM Section 7; Part of the South Half (S/2) WHEREAS, the Parties desire to amend the Grant by replacing the Exhibit "A" survey with an Amended Exhibit "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof. NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of Ten Dollars ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Johnson Farms and KMGG hereby amend the Grant to replace the Exhibit "A" survey as described above. All other terms of the Grant remain in full force and effect as originally written and are hereby affirmed by the Parties. This Amendment may be executed in counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same amendment. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this Amendment of Right -of -Way Grant as of the date first above written. Johnson Farms, LLP, a Colorado limited liability partnership By44c4.44,1 dixetectie4petoittfteree Susan J. Troudt, Partner Kerr-McGee Gathering LLC, a Colorado limited liability company By: Lindsay N. Jaffee, Agent and Attorney -in -Fact 4345436 10/19/2017 10:23 AM Page 2 of 4 STATE OF COLORADO COUNTY OF WE.a )554 The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before m e this t44. day of r Y 2017, by Susan J. Troudt as partner of Johnson Farms, LIP, a limited liability partnership, on behalf of such partnership. Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires: RUSSELL TROY MERLE NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF COLORADO NOTARY ID 20134027539 MY OOMMISSION EXPIRES MAY 28, 2021 STATE OF COLORADO COUNTY OF DENVER } )ss. } Notary Public • in strument foregoing was acknowledged before me this 44 -day of 2017, by Lindsay N. Jaffee as Agent and Attorney -in -Fact for Kerr-McGee Gathering LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, on behalf of such company. i i WITNESS my hand and official seal. My commission expires: Sde tii Mt RUSSELL TROY KERLE NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF COLORADO NOTARY ID 20134027539 MY COMMIBEIICIN EXPIRES MAY 28, 2021 Notary Public 4345436 10/19/2017 10:23 AM Page 3 of 4 520 Stacy Court Ste B, Lafayette, Co 80026 303.666.0379 www.topographic.com AMENDED EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Amendment of Right of Way Grant, by and between Johnson Farms, LLP, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 1 oft A 100 foot wide strip of land being a portion of that parcel described in Quitclaim Deed to Johnson Farms, LLP, filed May 1, 2012 at Reception Number 3842436 in the south half of Section 7, Township 1 North, Range 67 West of the Sixth Principal Meridian, County of Weld, State of Colorado, said 100 foot wide strip being 50 feet each side of the following described centerline: Note: 1.) The Basis of Bearings is the south line of the southeast quarter Section 7, TIN, R67W 6th P.M., as mono rented with an aluminum cap stamped PLS 29425 at the west end and an aluminum cap stamped PLS 38100 at the east end, with a grid bearing of N 89°36'57" W. 2.) The side lines of the right of way are to be lengthened and/or shortened as necessary to end at the property lines. 3.) All directions, distances, and dimensions shown hereon are based on coordinates from the Colorado coordinate system of 1983 north zone (C.R.S. 38-52-102). Commencing at the southwest corner of Section 7, an aluminum cap stamped PLS 16406; Thence N 12°28'51" E a distance of 418.17, more or less, to a point on the east right of way line of Weld County 13 as filed July 13, 2007 at Reception Number 3490339, feet to the POINT OF BEGINNING: Thence N 89°22'20" E a distance of 3379.86 feet; Thence S 85'30'00" E a distance of 987.92 feet; Thence N 50°43'24" E a distance of 291.38 feet; Thence S 84'16'36" E a distance of 203.29 feet; Thence S 62°25'00" E a distance of 331.88 feet, more or less, to a point on the east line of Section 7 and the POINT OF TERMINUS from which an aluminum cap PLS 38100 at the southeast corner of said Section 7 bears S 00O14'11" E a distance of 412.68 feet. Total Right of Way Length: 5194.33 feet. Prepared by David C. Costner For and on behalf of Topographic Land Surveyors 520 Stacy Ct. Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 303 666 0379 Township: 1 North T�POGRAPHIC KERR-MKERR-McGEE Range: 67 West 6th PM LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY Right of Way Survey County: Weld 1"=600' AFE: 2095688 6/20/2017 Trackin : $RID: State: Colorado BY: S.W. I DWG: GAGEOSURV1WeldzNortINCERRMCGEE GATHERLNQ.Buffalo Badger .4521Bufala Badger Troud&ROW R2.dwg USER:av+agt DATE PRINTED: &'&P1O]7 22:03:4$ PM 4345436 10/19/2017 10:23 AM Page 4 of 4 AMENDED EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Amendment of Right of Way Grant, by and between Johnson Farms, LLP, as "Grantor'', and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 2 of 2 �{ 2utori s illy -a i'Mo! N 520 Stacy Court Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 303.666.0376 www.topographlo.00m i i i O q i N) 0 qi TI r C 0 CD 'co Co Q W1690'0t7lBl On 0- on c - >�� 00 � n .t CN C 00 M Z G XI ma co IQ Z O co cn co ni Ca 0 w INS' v 01 mm O) oa 9 0) N 50°43'24" E {.02 co ' A CD Fri BEARING 0' itia r_ al to 02 203,29'l co — co co NI i 3379,86'I coL z m £ f €69 4 '° pad Col ' '0 i fra c so 0O a CCP CD -O Qin E. o pciGo a N 00003TO7T' E 2626.62' I I I II I, Ij II II f. I i Mr- i t I t r I i i i WCR 13 a.k.a. Colorado Blvd WCR 13 Right of Way Rec No. 3490339 15. O al Iii * 4:9 Z ems CO 7j 1 as1/2 sti mi ....k * .1 o C * (r:r M .i r n a -0 ``.4 1 I A< 2 I I i i U' C 73. r1 O 0 cria o co co ci v as da r - a -o co C) a CD 0 R + m dth Cr) -a 4s aciliJ can po CO Cn rio a)cC1 L9 S90S9Z r : 1 C 0 , zOa Tan CO O) r_ 0 0 S m a 0 Cric M @0 Qrn y H cs act 03 L. m WCR 15 T�ocni-iic KERB-McGEE LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY Right of Way Survey N 00°14'11" W 2642.78' Township: ' North Range: 67 West 6th PM County: Weld State: Colorado CCD a 'erg al CD G Z. Go m z < m .%.4 co z E t"=600' 6/2012017 BY: S.W. Eil CD p tin O0 0 CO 0 O1, hCI 00 AFE: 2095688 Tracking: SRID: DWG: G:\GEOSURVkWcldzNonh'K.ERR MCGEE GATHERFN x titaio Badger.4321$MthJo Baclgcr Trciudt ROW R2.dwg USER: _Nov. DATE PRINTED: BW WO l7 2:03:4S PM 4366887 01/11/2018 10:55 AM Total Pages: 7 Rec Fee: $4300 Carly Koppel - Clerk and Recorder, Weld County, CO RIGHT-OF-WAY GRANT THIS RIGHT-OF-WAY GRANT("Grant)is made this �'' of day 2017, from NR -CO 1, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, whose address is 755 East Mulberry Avenue, 6th Floor, San Antonio, Texas 78212 ("Grantor," whether one or more), to KERR- MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, whose address is 1099 18th Street, Suite 1800, Denver, Colorado 80202 ("KMGG"). The parties agree as follows: For and in consideration of Ten Dollars ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Grantor hereby grants, conveys and warrants unto "KMGG", its successors and assigns, a non-exclusive perpetual right-of-way and easement to survey, construct, maintain, inspect, operate, repair, replace, modify, change the size of, reconstruct, mark, monitor, abandon or remove and release, at KMGG's election, one or more pipelines, electric power lines, data transmission lines and equipment, and all appurtenances, below and/or above ground, necessary or convenient for the transportation or transmission of oil, gas, petroleum products, water, electricity, electronic data, hydrocarbons and any other substances, whether electronic, fluid, solid or gaseous, and any products, derivatives, combinations or mixtures of any of the foregoing, in, on, over, under, or through the lands situated in Weld County, State of Colorado, being described as follows: TOWNSHIP el NORTH, RANGE 67 WEST, 6TH PM Section 8: Part of the West Half of the West Half (W/2W/2) and part of the South Half of the South Half (S/2S/2) Section 9: Part of the South Half of the South Half (S/2S12) The route and course of the right-of-way and easement conveyed hereby ("Right -of -Way Lands") are more particularly described on Exhibit "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof. The width of the Right -of -Way Lands is seventy-five feet (75') during construction, and subsequent to construction the width of the Right -of -Way Lands is fifty feet (50'). Grantor and KMGG agree that upon the completion of construction the parties will execute and file of record a Notice of Pipeline Location along with an as -built survey plat further defining the final location of the route and course of the right-of-way and all pipelines constructed. From time to time after the initial construction of the pipeline(s), KMGG may require the use of the construction work space depicted on said Exhibit "A" to survey, construct, maintain, inspect, operate, repair, alter, replace, modify, change the size of, reconstruct, mark, monitor, abandon or remove the pipeline(s) together with appurtenances. KMGG may use the construction work space from time to time in connection with the rights granted hereby, provided it gives Grantor reasonable notice of such use and provided further that it restores the same as provided below when not in use. Grantor makes no representations or warranties of any kind or nature as to the condition, fitness or status of the Right -of -Way Lands, except that Grantor warrants title to the Right -of -Way Lands against every person claiming by, through or under Grantor, but not otherwise. Any pipelines and/or appurtenances to be constructed underground pursuant to this Grant shall be placed at a depth of not less than 36 inches below the surface of the ground. Grantor agrees not to increase or decrease the surface elevation on the Right -of -Way Lands without KMGG's prior written permission. KMGG shall repair and/or restore any fence(s) on or adjacent to the Right -of - Way Lands that are removed or severed by KMGG in the course of the operations provided for in this Grant to the condition such fence was in prior to its removal or severance by KMGG. If necessary to prevent the escape of Grantor's livestock, KMGG shall construct temporary gates or fences in those areas affected by KMGG's operations as provided for in this Grant. To the extent reasonably practicable and within a reasonable period of time after completion of construction, KMGG shall level and restore any lands affected by GG's operations that have excessive settling and shall sufficiently break-up or compact, as the case may be, the soil to the condition that existed at the time immediately prior to the placement of 's pipeline(s). Grantor agrees that Grantor will not build, create, or construct, or permit to be built, created or constructed, any obstruction, building, fence, reservoir, engineering works or other structures or improvements over, under, on or across the Right -of -Way Lands without the prior written consent of KMGG, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld. KMGG shall have all rights, privileges and benefits necessary or convenient for the full use and enjoyment of this Grant, including but not limited to the rights of ingress and egress over and across Grantor's lands lying adjacent to the Right -of -Way Lands for any and all purposes (00590383.2) Initials 4366887 01/11/2018 10:55 AM Paget of7 necessary or incidental to exercising KM G's rights hereunder. Grantor agrees that, if Grantor does not pay amounts when due, then at KMGG's option, KMGG may pay and discharge any taxes, mortgages or liens existing, levied or assessed on or against the lands burdened by the Right -of -Way easement. If KMGG exercises such option, KMGG shall provide Grantor with written notice of such payment and, if Grantor has not reimbursed KMGG for the amounts paid within 90 days after receipt of such notice, then KMGG shall be subrogated to the rights of the party to whom payment is made, and in addition to its other rights, may reimburse itself out of any rentals, royalties, shut-in royalties, or any other amounts otherwise payable to Grantor from KNIGG. KMGG shall be obligated to pay for, repair, replace or otherwise compensate Grantor for any damages resulting from K' GG's activities and operations on the Right -of -Way Lands, except for any damage to structures or improvements placed in the Right -of -Way Lands contrary to the terms contained herein, and Grantor shall pay for, reimburse, indemnify and hold KMGG harmless from any and all claims or damages resulting from Grantor's activities on the Right -of -Way Lands. Grantor shall have the right to use and enjoy the Right -of -Way Lands, subject to the rights herein granted. This Grant cannot be modified, except by an instrument in writing signed by Grantor and by an authorized representative of KMGG. G. The rights granted herein, except for electric power lines, data transmission lines and related equipment, may be assigned in whole or in part, and the terms, conditions, and provisions of this Grant are a covenant running with the land and shall extend to and be binding upon the successors and assigns of Grantor and of KMGG. KMGG shall record an original of this Right -of -Way Grant or a Memorandum of Right -of - Way Grant in the records of the County in which the Right -of -Way Lands are located. By recording this Right -of -Way Grant or a Memorandum of Right -of -Way Grant, KMGG shall be deemed to have accepted ail of the terms and conditions hereof. This Grant may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be considered one and the same agreement. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Grantor has executed and delivered this Right -of -Way Grant as of the date first above written. Grantor: NRC-CO 1, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company By: NRC Group, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, it's sole member By: David A. Schlagel, President STATE OF are a c SS. COUNTY OF f,e>cohr • ea is 4003 r •• Qat� The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me thist day of Ste fso‘ 16 2017, by David A. Schlagel, as President of NRC Group, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, the sole member of NRC-CO LLC, a Colorado limited liability company. Witness my hand and official Seal. My Commission Expires: o — -okct ireeerre,„ (SEAL) a t 1 L. 1 a re Notary 4366887 01/11/2018 10:55 AM Page 3 of 7 520 Sty Court Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 303. 6.0379 www.topographic.carn EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between NRC-CO 1 LLC, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 1 of 5 A 50 foot wide strip of land being a portion of that parcel conveyed to NRC-CO 1 LLC filed June 16, 2008 at Reception Number 3560746 in Section 8, Township 1 North, Range 67 West of the Sixth Principal Meridian, County of Weld, State of Colorado, said 50 foot wide strip being 25 feet each side of the following described centerline: Note: I. The Basis of Bearings is the west line of the northwest quarter of Section 8, TIN, R67W 6th P.M., as monumented with an aluminum cap PLS 28286 at the south end and an aluminum cap PLS 28656 at the north end with a grid bearing of N 009 3'50" W. 2. The side lines of the strip of land are to be lengthened andlor shortened as necessary to end at the property lines. 3. All directions, distances, and dimensions shown hereon are based on coordinates from the Colorado coordinate system of 1983 north zone (C.R.S. 38-52-102), U.S.. Survey feet, 4_ This is not a boundary survey or a land survey plat. Right of Way I Commencing at the northwest corner of Section 8, a aluminum cap stamped PLS 28656; Thence S 89°47'46" E, along the north line of the northwest quarter of said Section 8, a distance of 150.08 feet to the POINT OF BEGINNING; Thence S 00012'14" W a distance of 130.00 feet; Thence N 89°47'46" W a distance of 84.09 feet, more or less, to a point 65 feet easterly of the west line of the northwest quarter of said Section 8, Thence S 00°13'50" E, parallel with and 65 feet distant from said west line, a distance of 2511.65 feet; Thence a 00'14'11" E, parallel with and 65 feet distant from the west line of the southwest quarter of said Section 8, a distance of 1607.85 feet; Thence S 24'42'19" E a distance of 926.44 feet to the POINT OF TERMINUS from which an aluminum cap PLS 38100 at the southwest corner of said Section 8 bears S 66°37'56" W a distance of 487.96 feet. Right of Way I Length: 5260.03 feet. Together with: See Sheet 2 of 5 Prepared by David C. Costner For and on behalf of Topographic Land Surveyors 520 Stacy Ct. Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 303 666 0379 Township: I North TO PO KERR-MCGEE Range: 67 West 6th PM LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY Right of Way Survey County: Weld DWG: G:1GEOS411i.SAWddzNorth gyp. . 1B=600' AF E: 2127539 11412018 Tracking: SRID: 8778 State: Colorado BY: MAG MCA GAThERINGEric Compressor I1O337Fid Prdd'czsiEr&t Corap NRC ROW. dwg USER: jt ogt DATE PRINTED: 11&'ZD i k I -4u 1 B PM 4366887 01/11/2018 10:55 AM Page 4 of 7 EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between NRC-CO 1 LLC, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE -MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 2 of 5 A 50 foot wide strip of land being a portion of that parcel conveyed to NRC-CO LLC filed June 16, 2008 at Reception Number 3560746 in Section 8 and 9, Township 1 North, Range 67 West of the Sixth Principal Meridian, County of Weld, State of Colorado, said 50 foot wide strip being 25 feet each side of the following described centerline: Note: 1. The Basis of Bearings is the west line of the northwest quarter of Section 8, TIN, R67W 6th 13,M,, as monurnented with an aluminum cap PLS 28286 at the south end and an aluminum cap PLS 28656 at the north end with a grid bearing of N (X?13'50" W. 2. The side lines of the strip of land arc to be lengthened and/or shortened as necessary to end at the property lines. 3. All directions, distances, and dimensions shown hereon are based on coordinates from the Colorado coordinate system of 1983 north zone (C.R, S. 38-52-102), U.S. Survey feet. 4. This is not a boundary survey or a land survey plat_ Right of Way Commencing at the southwest corner of Section 8, an aluminum cap stamped PLS 38100; Thence N 00O14111" W, along the west line of the southwest quarter of Section 8, a distance of 44035 feet to the POINT OF BEGINNING: Thence S 62°25'00" E a distance of 233.10 feet; Thence S 60°09'43" E a distance of 280,31 feet; Thence S 89'49'17" E a distance of 618.88 feet; Thence N 02039100"WW a distance of 60.07 feet; Thence S 89'49119" E a distance of 137.06 feet; Thence N 01°44'49" W a distance of 281.53 feet; Thence N 88°15'11" E a distance of 241.92 feet; Thence S 01'44'49" E a distance of 289.66 feet; Thence S 89°49'19" E a distance of 887.02 feet; Thence N 84'17'51" E a distance of 122.12 feet; Thence S 89°57'02" E a distance of 6233.99 feet; Thence N 00O00'02" W a distance of 202.38 feet; Thence S 89°58'58" E a distance of 449.46 feet; Thence S 24'11436" E a distance of 241.66 feet; Thence S 89°51'07" E a distance of 75033 feet; Thence S 00°27116" E a distance of 213,69 feet, more or less, to a point on the south line of the southeast quarter of Section 9 and the POINT OF TERMINUS from which an aluminum cap PLS 25937 at the southeast quarter corner of said Section 9 bears N 89°35"39" E a distance of 546.82 feet. Right of Way 2 Length: 11,243.18 feet. Total Right of Way 1 & 2 Length: 16,503.21 feet. Prepared by David C. Costner For and on behalf of Topographic Land Surveyors 520 Stacy Ct. Ste R, Lafayette, CO 80026 303 666 0379 TOPOGRAPHIC LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY 520 Stacy Court Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 303, .0379 www.topegraphic.co m ERR-cGEE Right of Way Survey Township: 1 North Range: 67 West 6th PM 1"--r-6001 AFE: 2127539 County; Weld 1/4/2018 Tracking: SRD: 8778 State: Colorado BY: MAC C _ DWG: C CEDSURV\W pith R PACQEE GATHERTNGiErie Compressor 111)33TFina1 ProduciskEric Camp NRCA0W.dwg USER:iiagt DA it PRINTUt iiWO181:40:!8 PM 4366887 01/11/2018 10:55 AM Page 5 of 7 EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between NRC-CO 1 LLC, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 3 of 5 P.O.B. Right of Way Survey Tie From NW Corner Section 8 S 89°47'46" E 150.08' N:1269927.35 E:3161371.82 Lat:40.0729005 Lon: -104.9233676 FIPS Code 08123 r r Grid Geodetic ', Magnetic 06105 07`O8 Alum Cap PLS 28656 0O23'04" \ I l8° 13'48" E r r r - r 9-2017 ines, g 15 lb I m� LO rn - TO co o C z North 50' Right of Way 65' Right of Way Centerline 1/4 Corner Sec O7I8ec 08 Alum Cap PLS 28286 65' N 00°14'11" W 2642.78' P.O.B. Right of Way 2 Survey Tie From SW Corner Section 8 N 00°14'11" 1111 440.95' N:1265083.94 E:3161241.46 Lat:40.0596071 Lon: -104.9239458 FIPS Code 08123 '4�r - -- - ---_€ r - - r - - - Vtae Vad 520 Stacy Court Ste B, Lafayette, co 80026 303.666.0379 www.topographtc.corn p p R 07108 18117 Alum Cap PLS 38100 blY Li 75' PSCO Easement Rec No. 1008694 L2 S 89°'47'46" E 2623.04' Production Facility I 50' KMG Right of Way I ___ Rec No. 4190133 I I I I NW 1/4 SECTION 8 L3 T1 N R67W 6th PM L4 L6 L7 LINE BEARING DISTANCE L1 S 00°12'14" W 130.00' L2 N 89°47'46" W 84.09' L3 S 00°13'50" E 2511.65' L4 S 00°14'11" E 1607.85' L5 S 24°42'19 E 926.44' L6 S 62°25'00" E 233.10' L7 S 60°09'43" E 280.31' L8 S 89°49'17" E 618.88' L9 N 02°39'00" W 60.07' I L10 S 89°49'19" E 137.06' L11 N 01°44'49" W 281,53' v L12 N 88'15'11" E 241.92' L13 5 01°44'49" E 289.66' L14 S 89°49'19" E 887.02' L15 N84°17'51"E 122.12' I L16 I S 89°57'02" E 6233.99' L17 N 00°00'02" W 202,38' L18 S 89°58'58" E 44946' L19 S 24°11`36" E 241.66' L20 S 89°51'07" E 750,33' IL21 S OO°27'16" E 213.69' SW 1/4 SECTION 8 TIN R67W 6th PM L5 N 89°5 P.O.T. Right of Way 151 Survey Tie To SW Corner Section 8 S 66°37'56" W 487.96' N:1264836.54 NRC-CO LLC E:3161691.21 Rec Nom 3560746 Lat:40,0589199 Lon: -104.9223448 FIPS Code 08123 LB L12 L -I 1- L10 L9 49 W 1 1 1/4 Corner Sec 05I8cc 08 Alum. Cap PLS 33642 ' 4- 50" —on ri— L II 50' Right of Way Production 19.49' -C Above Ground Appurtenance Facility L14 L13 ��y � L'15 10 N 89°51;333" W 131519.45' W 1/16 Corner Sec 818cc 17 Alum Cap PLS 25937 Total R.O.W. Length 0 600 1/4 Corner Sec O8I3ec 17 Alum Cap PLS 13482 16503.21' 1200 Graphic Scale in U.S. Survey Feet 1" = 880' C - TGPoGRAPI-IIc KERR-McGEE LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY Right of'Way Survey Township: 1 North Range: 67 West 6th PM 1"=600' AFE: 2127539 County: Weld 1/4/2018 Tracking: SRID: 8778 State: Colorado BY: jtv DWG CktGEO&[JRVIWddtl+]odi\KERR MCGEE GATHERING Edt Compressor I I0337W iS PiaductaiEric Camp NRC R O W_ d irg USER: j vogi DATE PRINTED: 1,1102012 1:4U; i 8 PM 4366887 01/11/2018 10:55 AM Page 6 of 7 520 Stacy Court Ste B, Lafayette, co 80026 303.666.0379 www.tapographic.ocrn EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between NRC CO 1 LLC, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERMTG LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 4 of S r > on la- w 2 00 c - 0 e "a -4 00 z 1Q 0 t LSO fl C �i. C) � f> 00 'UISC 0 rti Ca €'] C) 2 co £o 0 co s CO n U4 Po t U co -o C iI 5 Q • v_ Co CD O 0 C 1hA 4 b CD fig 1--w C gm, --...- MATCH UNE 0 n z 0 co co 0) GO E cc cosi n 04 m -- N CD CDy 0 �+ z �y . Gr 0)It -1-1 w • W CO 0 1 . a B 0 0 2 03 0 CFI Chi Ct aiDO t-1 tag C' wv fl 0 a Fr, co WCR 17 00 [!n t I0 n a co cot, TGPOGRAPHIC KERB-McGEE LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY Right of Way Survey f I I I it 1 , 1 / I f' I , 1/ / -F 1 I I I I rL i kk r r r ah oar a 1 r i I I I I 1 P0 0) a r a i 01 ersi 4-3 O rat -nAti 0 9 a aco io co r%) N ) co U' a a a) tic 66lit 6890'0 :lB1 p p 8/ 916€ '°N OeJ a 0) juawasej aoouns ,og • E es. at � s s M s cct s 03 +0? xi s O 3 cit a r r s m a W WCR I 0 c Xi 1 CD CD Ws 6 mai ca .1 Z ti.XI Ili: ill -a a__-a-- cn l�Vy A E V 0 a 0 wca LC 1� f m z z 71 cr) ca w0 r(T)1 1 ras 4 r r 0 m li z co I MATCH UNE I I I II II II I I Township: 1 North L 9 6C9Z 3 ..l.O.KO00 S Range: 67 West 6th PM 1"=6ID0' AFE: 2127539 County: Weld 1/4/2016 Tracking: SRID: 8778 State: Colorado BY: jtv a DWC) GAGEOSURIAWeldzNorIMICEILR MCGEE GATHERENChEric Comm ssor 11O337WFunal ProoductstiEric Comp NRC ROW.d«g 'USER- jtiogl DATE PRINTED: 1/812018 1:40:28 PM 4366887 01/11/2018 10:55 AM Page 7 of 7 520 Stacy Court Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 303.666.0379 www,topogr phis com EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between NRC-CO 1 LLC, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as „Grantee", Sheet 5 of 5 1 a CO n c a ea m C — — — 0 C rl teD MATCH LINE I I tic �e- I r I 1 CR 17 9029 Lae '°N OM ! 'O' I SIAN -I r r M Z Z 0 01 XI n 9 g G': aoj ;,s. D C 4 o o 0 I an g el -I CD bo F1/203 co co co ita. cD le CD CD -1 m 6 no) ars M Asig -co t (/)g7h CXI 1/40 z co t} co co M C 9 oG) � C-) 0 r. CD 3 a 0) CD 2 t TA I I I I I I i I 1 1 I I i MATCH UNE r i Production Facility i a O -04 4.c a J re r ipli a CD a •gg'6C9g 3 III.0,83O00 S c 0 f-� n 5 7 • ag IC 91.1.926C '°N 3°H to C 0 ED m 3CD fi 1 Production Facility WCR. 19 z 0 m z o n ;30 Via °1 r sib I I C C CC a OD Enel PZI CD m 5 O "ma z Prgi mai w m Co T 1 , E 5 O z M to r >LA) al 1/40 TGPOGRAPHIC KERB-McGEE LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY Right of Way Survey Township: 1 North Range: 67 West 6th PM 1"= 600' AFE: 2127539 County: Weld 1/4/2018 Tracking: SRID: 8778 State: Colorado BY: itu DWG: G:5GE:SMVlWeIcizNorthiKERR MCGEE GATHERINCAEsic Cornpress=r I1O33?WIn3t ProductstErie Comp NRC ROW. dwg USER JvQgW DATE PRINTED: I(88/2018 1:40:19 PM 4356757 12/01/2017 11:08 AM Total Pages: 5 Rec Fee: $33.00 Carly Koppel - Clerk and Recorder, Weld County, CO RIGHT-OF-WAY GRANT THIS RIGHT-OF-WAY GRANT ("Grant) is made this day of Novenibers , 2017, from STEVE WILLIAM STRATTON, ALSO KNOWN AS STEVE STRATTON AND LIZA DANNELLE MICHELLE STRATTON, ALSO KNOWN AS LIZA 0. STRATTON, whose address is 3985 County Road 19, Fort Lupton, Colorado 80621 (Grantor," whether one or more), to KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, whose address is 1099 18th Street, Suite 1800, Denver, Colorado 80202 C'KMGG"). The parties agree as follows: For and in consideration of Ten Dollars ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Grantor hereby grants, conveys and warrants unto "KIVIGG", its successors and assigns, a perpetual right-of-way and easement to survey, construct, maintain, inspect, operate, repair, replace, relocate, modify, change the size of, reconstruct, mark, monitor, abandon or remove and release, at (GG's election, one or more pipelines, electric power lines, data transmission lines and equipment, and all appurtenances, below and/or above ground, necessary or convenient for the transportation or transmission of oil, gas, petroleum products, water, electricity, electronic data, hydrocarbons and any other substances, whether electronic, fluid, solid or gaseous, and any products, derivatives, combinations or mixtures of any of the foregoing, in, on, over, under, or through the lands situated in Weld County, State of Colorado, being described as follows: TOWNSHIP I NORTH F.ANOE 67 WEST. 6T PM Section 16: Part of Lot A and Lot B of Recorded Exemption No. 1469-16-1 RE -3459 recorded January 22, 2003 at Reception No. 3026068 of the records of the Clerk and Recorder for Weld County, Colorado, being a part of the North Half of the Northeast Quarter (NI2NE/4) The route and course of the right-of-way and easement conveyed hereby ("Right -of -Way Lands") are more particularly described on Exhibit "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof. The width of the Right -of -Way Lands is Seventy-five feet (75') during construction, and subsequent to construction the width of the Right -of -Way Lands is Fifty feet (50'). If there is a deviation in the Right - of -Way Lands as constructed, then Grantor agrees that upon request from KMGG the parties will execute a Notice of Pipeline Location along with an as -built survey plat to amend the description of the Right -of -Way Lands. From time to time after the initial construction of the pipeline(s), KMGG may require the use of the construction work space depicted on said Exhibit "A" to survey, construct, maintain, inspect, operate, repair, alter, replace, relocate, modify, change the size of, reconstruct, mark, monitor, abandon or remove the pipeline(s) together with appurtenances. KMGG may use the construction work space from time to time in connection with the rights granted hereby, provided it gives Grantor reasonable notice of such use and provided further that it restores the same as provided below when not in use. Grantor represents and warrants to KMGG that Grantor is the sole owner in fee simple of the Right -of -Way Lands subject to the burden of the Right -of -Way and that Grantor has full right, power and authority to enter into this Grant. Any pipelines and/or appurtenances to be constructed underground pursuant to this Grant shall be placed at a depth of not less than 36 inches below the surface of the ground. Grantor agrees not to increase or decrease the surface elevation on the Right -of -Way Lands without KMGG's prior written permission. KMGG shall repair and/or restore any fence(s) on or adjacent to the Right -of - Way Lands that are removed or severed by KMGG in the course of the operations provided for in this Grant to the condition such fence was in prior to its removal or severance by KMGG. If necessary to prevent the escape of Grantor's livestock, KMGG shall construct temporary gates or fences in those areas affected by KMGG's operations as provided for in this Grant. To the extent reasonably practicable and within a reasonable period of time after completion of construction, KMGG shall level and restore any lands affected by l'GG's operations that have excessive settling and shall sufficiently compact the soil to the condition that existed at the time immediately prior to the placement of KMGG's pipeline(s). Grantor agrees that Grantor will not build, create, or construct, or permit to be built, created or constructed, any obstruction, building, fence, reservoir, engineering works or other structures or improvements over, under, on or across the Right -of -Way Lands without the prior written consent of KMGG. KMGG shall have all rights, privileges and benefits necessary or convenient for the full use and enjoyment of this Grant, including but not limited to the rights of ingress and egress over and across Grantor's lands lying adjacent to the Right -of -Way Lands for any and all purposes necessary 4356757 12/01/2017 11:08 AM Paget of5 or incidental to exercising KMGG's rights hereunder Grantor agrees that at I is option, KMGG may pay and discharge any taxes, mortgages or liens existing, levied or assessed on or against the lands burdened by the Right -of -Way easement. If KMGG exercises such option, KMGG shall be subrogated to the rights of the party to whom payment is made, and in addition to its other rights, may reimburse itself out of any rentals, royalties, shut-in royalties, or any other amounts otherwise payable to Grantor from KMGG. KMGG shall be obligated to pay for, repair, replace or otherwise compensate Grantor for any damages resulting from KMGG's activities and operations on the Right -of -Way Lands, except for any damage to structures or improvements placed in the Right -of -Way Lands contrary to the terms contained herein, and Grantor shall pay for, reimburse, indemnify and hold KMGG harmless from any and all claims or damages resulting from Grantor's activities on the Right -of -Way Lands. Grantor shall have the right to use and enjoy the Right -of -Way Lands, subject to the rights herein granted. This Grant cannot be modified, except by an instrument in writing signed by Grantor and by an authorized representative of KMGG. The rights granted herein may be assigned in whole or in part, and the terms, conditions, and provisions of this Grant are a covenant running with the land and shall extend to and be binding upon the successors and assigns of Grantor and ofl. KMGG shall record an original of this Right -of -Way Grant or a Memorandum of Right -of -Way Grant in the records of the County in which the Right -of -Way Lands are located. By recording this Right -of -Way Grant or a Memorandum of Right -of -Way Grant, KMGG shall be deemed to have accepted all of the terms and conditions hereof. This Grant may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be considered one and the same agreement. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Grantor has executed agreed to and delivered accepted this Right - of -Way Grant as of the date first above written. Grantor: 00--ient Steve William Stratton,also known as Steve Stratton Steve William Stratton, also known as Steve Stratton, as Power of Attorney for Liza Dannelle Michelle Stratton, also known as Liza a Stratton STATE OFCQ104 St COUNTY OF The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this day o Steve William Stratton, also known as Steve Stratton. Witness my hand and official Seal. My Commission Expires: rTU$E[t TROY KERLE NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF COLORADO NOTARY ID 2013402753.9 MY COMMISSION EXPIRES MAY28, 2021 (SEAL) Notary Public: g7142411 gge, Address: 140,01AS0 2017, by 4356757 12/01/2017 11:08 AM Page 3 of 5 STATE O ) ss. COUNTY OF ) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this day oaf , 2017, by Steve William Stratton, also known as Steve Stratton, as Power of Attorney or Liza Dannelle Michelle Stratton, also known as Liza [ . Stratton. Witness my hand and official Seal My Commission Expires: RUSSELL TROY KERLE NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF COLORADO NOTARY 3D 20134027539 MY COMMISSION EXPIRES MAY 28, 2021 (SEAL) Notary Public: Address: a 4Ca iletilAsker 4356757 12/01/2017 11.08 AM Page 4 of 5 EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain Right of Way Grant, by and between Steve William & Liza Dannelle Michelle Stratton, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 1 of 2 A 50 foot wide strip of land being a portion o f Lot A and Lot B, Recorded Exemption No. 1469-16-1 RE -3459 filed January 22, 2003 at Reception Number 3026068 as Quit Claimed to Steve William and Liza Dannelle Michelle Stratton filed February 17, 2017 at 4279282 (Lot A) and conveyed to Steve Stratton and Liza Dannelle Michelle Stratton filed December 26, 2013 at Reception Number 3986244 (Lot B) in the northeast quarter of Section 16, Township 1 North, Range 67 West of the Sixth Principal Meridian, County of Weld, State of Colorado, said 50 foot wide strip being 25 feet each side of the following described centerline: i • Note:. 1. The Basis of Bearings is the north line of the northeast quarter Section 16, TIN, R67W 6th P.M., as nionumented with an aluminum cap PLS 25937 at each end with a grid bearing of N 89'35139" E. 2. The side lines of the strip of land are to be lengthened and/or shortened as necessary to end at the property lines. 3. All directions, distances, and dimensions shown hereon are based on coordinates from the Colorado coordinate system of 1983 north zone (C.R.S. 38-52-102), U.S. Survey feet. 4. This is not a boundary survey or a land survey plat. Commencing at the north quarter corner of Section 16, an aluminum cap PLS 25937; Thence N 89°35'39" E, along the north line of the northeast quarter of said Section 16, a distance of 2080.45 feet, more or less, to a point being 25 feet east of the west line of said Lot A, Recorded Exemption No. 1469-16-1 RE -3459 and the POINT OF BEGINNING: Thence S 00'27'16" E, parallel with and 25 feet distant from the west line of said Lot A, a distance of 374.88 feet, more or less, to a point 25 feet north of the south line said Lot A; Thence N 89°35'39" E, parallel with and 25 feet distant from the south line of said Lot A and Lot B Recorded Exemption No. 1469-16-1 RE -3459, a distance of 546.88 feet, more or less, to a point on the east line of the northeast quarter of Section 16 and the POINT OF TERMINUS from which an aluminum cap at the northeast corner of said Section 16 bears N 00'27'46" W a distance of 374.88 feet. Total Right of Way Length: 921.76 feet. Prepared by David C. Costner For and on behalf of Topographic Land Surveyors 520 Stacy Ct. Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 303 666 0379 Tepocitapwc LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGACY 520 Stacy urt Ste B, Lafayette, CO 80026 301666.0379 wwwu.topegraphic.com ERR -Mc GEE Right of Way Survey Township: 1 North Range: 67 West 6th PM 1"=1U0' AFE: 2127539 County: Weld State: Colorado 11/30/2017 Tracking: BY: Wm SRID: 8778 4356757 12/01/2017 11:08 AM Page 5 of 5 520 Stacy Court Ste B, Lafayette, CO B0026 303.666.0379 wwvw.topographic.com EXHIBIT A Attachment to that certain light of Way Grant, by and between Steve William and Liza Dannelle Michelle Stratton, as "Grantor", and KERR-MCGEE GATHERING LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, as "Grantee". Sheet 2 of 2 C) r Go ea —tin) n5 Go tic CD m CD CD Cy _a O O O q uaq •AvogN iet°i n O 0 0 o to r ACM jO Win 609 sJeurewo3 6uidd isg a C • ' O t r+ 0 C tda V Vk6 6I -a II ci) Lit C:k PC 0 CIO 0 0 co 0 R CO 0 CO M 03 -CD-4 CID 6.1 00 =l �r a rika 44 oii••• eci 0 O O r CD C N) t71 g 00 w ra O 9 ma OD CI OD en fo co co NJ co Cs ciD CI) In N z CO CO CS) (30 as Z CIR (.1 Ett am CD 1 IP Ai< w .9917LE 3..9I.LZ.OO 1B PLC _ W64tI. 3 itatiii.ZOOC1 S z ow cx �. ° p C -, • = of 5 ?f O a rT, M 0 0 bo Eslai 09. O : a C) r+ C) a z C 0 0 0 a a 0 0 O i i rya rat c� C/) 5, tedelt O O a a W CD CO C MO - l PeQUl ►{ 9 0C r� g QeL 0 TGPOGRAPHIC KERR-Me GEE LOYALTY INNOVATION LEGAC'1r Right of Way Survey Township: 1 North Range: 67 West County: Weld 6th PM 1 '= 100' AFE: 2127539 11/14/2017 Tracking: SRID: 8778 State: Colorado BY: wr1 STATE OF COLORADO John W. Hickenlooper, Governor Christopher E, Urbina, MD, MPH Executive Director and Chief Medical Officer Dedicated to protecting and improving the health and environment of the people of Colorado 4300 Cherry Creek Dr. S. Denver, Colorado 80246-1530 Phone (303) 692"2000 Located in Glendale, Colorado http.//www.cdphe.state.co.us June 21, 2012 Laboratory Services Division 8100 Lowry Blvd. Denver, Colorado 80230-6928 (303) 692-3090 Paul Schneider, Sr Staff EHS Rep Kerr McGee Gathering LLC 1099 18 St Ste 1800 Denver, CO 80202 RE: Renewal of Permit/Certification Administrative Continuation For: Area 2 Kerr Located at: See Map in File, Greeley, Weld County Permit No.: COR039803 Dear Mr. Schneider; Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment RECEIVED BY EHS JUL 0 s <',01't The Division has received an application to renew the above permit/certification. It has been determined that there is sufficient information to make this permit/certification eligible for renewal. More information may be requested by the Division as progress is made in developing a new permit/certification for the above listed facility. This information must be made available to the Division when requested to complete the permit process. The Division is currently in the process of developing a new permit or master general permit and associated certification for the above permitted facility. The development and review procedures required by law have not yet been completed. When the discharge permit issued to you for your facility expired on June 30, 2912 your permit is administratively continued and remains in effect under Section 104(7) of the Administrative Procedures Act, C.R.S. 1973, 24--4.101, et seq (1982 repl. vol. 10) until the new permit/certification is issued and effective. All effluent permit terms and conditions in your current permit will remain in effect until your new permit/certification is issued and effective. PLEASE KEEP THIS LETTER WITH YOUR PERMIT AND SWMP TO SHOW CONTINUATION OF PERMIT COVERAGE. Sincerely, ri f i , 6:(1://4 i r Debbie Jessop Permits Section WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION xc: Permit File STATE OF COLORADO Bill Ritter, Jr., Governor James B. Martin, Executive Director Dedicated to protecting and improving the health and environment of the people of Colorado 4300 Cherry Creek Dr. S. Denver, Colorado 80246-1530 Phone (303) 692-2000 TDD Line (303) 691-7700 Located in Glendale, Colorado http://www.cdphe.state.co.us June 20, 2007 Laboratory Services Division 8100 Lowry Blvd, Denver, Colorado 80280-8828 (303) 692-3090 Troy Person, Area Supt. Kerr-McGee Gathering LL, 635 N. 7th Avenue Brighton, CO 80601 303/655-4339 RE: Final Permit, Colorado Certification No: Local Contact: Dear Sir or Madam: Discharge Permit System — Stormwater COR-039803 Areal Weld County Troy Person, Area Super. 303/655-4339 Colorado Department of Public Health. aid Environment Enclosed please find a copy of the new permit and certification which have been re -issued to you under the Colorado Water Quality Control Act, Your old permit expires on June 30, 2007. This is a renewal to the permit, and replaces the old one. See page 2 of the Rationale (the pages in italics) for a summary of the changes to the permit. Your Certification under the permit requires that specific actions be performed at designated times. You are legally obligated to comply with all terms and conditions of the permit. Please read the permit and certification. If you have any questions please visit our website at : www.cd co.usl / ennitsunitistonnwater or contact Matt Czahor at (303) 692-3517. Sincerely, Kathryn Dolan Storrnwater Program Coordinator Permits Unit WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION xc: Regional Council of Governments Local County Health Department District Engineer, Technical Services, WQCD Permit File STATE OF COLORADO COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION TELEPHONE: (303) 692-3500 CERTIFICATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER CUPS GENERAL PERMIT COR-030001) STORMWATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION Certification Number COR039803 This Certification to Discharge specifically authorizes: Kerr-McGee Gathering LLC LEGAL CONTACT: Troy Person, Area Supt Kerr-McGee Gathering LLC 635N. 7th Avenue Brighton, CO 806171 Phone # 3031b55-1339 troy.person@anadako.com LOCAL CONTACT: Troy Person, Area Super., Phone # 303/655-4339 troy.person@anadako.com During the Construction Activity; Oil & was Field Development to discharge stormwater from the facility identified as Area 2 which is located at: map in file near Greeley Greeley, Co Latitude 40.364, Longitude 104.899 In Weld County to: St. Vrain Creek -- South Platte River Anticipated Activity begins (13/30/2006 continuing through On >5 acres (>5 acres disturbed) Certification is effective: 07/01/2007 Certification Expires: 06/30/2012 Annual Fee: $245.00 (DO NOT PAY NOW - A prorated bill will be sent shortly,) 4 Page 1 of 22 Cultural Resource Inventory for the Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado January 2018 Prepared for: Anadarko Petroleum Corporation 1099 18th Street, Suite 1800 Denver, CO 80202 Prepared by: Tetra Tech, Inc. 350 Indiana Street, Suite 500 Golden, Colorado 80401 Cultural Resource Inventory for the Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado By. Stephen R. Anderson, RPA Prepared for: Anadarko Petroleum Corporation 1099 18th Street, Suite 1800 Denver, Colorado 80202 Prepared by: Tetra Tech, Inc. 350 Indiana Street, Suite 500 Golden, Colorado 80401 Colorado State Archaeological Permit No. 2017-13 January 2018 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: Disclosure of site locations prohibited (43 C3 CFR 7.18) Information contained in this report is confidential and access to this information is restricted by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (as amended), the Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 (as amended), and Colorado Revised Statutes 24-72-203(1) and 24-80-405(2). Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Abstract This report is a summary of the cultural resource survey conducted on January 5th, 2018 by Tetra Tech, Inc. (Tetra Tech) in support of the Anadarko Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 (the Project). This report is based on the geographic information system (GIS) data provided by Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (Anadarko) on January 3rd, 2018. Tetra Tech conducted a cultural research desktop study and an intensive -level cultural resource pedestrian survey of the Segment 1 Project corridor on January 5th, 2018. Based on the permitting requirements, Segment 1 of the Project was surveyed separately and is included in this report. The entire pipeline corridor does not require an intensive -level pedestrian survey as portions of the Project do not have a federal or state nexus, therefore the Project is not subject to the National Historic Preservation Act Section (NH PA) 106 process. However, certain portions of the Project cross state and municipal parcels of properties in Weld County and are subsequently subject to review per Colorado Revised Statues 24-80-401 through 411. Specifically, the pedestrian survey included locations of the towns of Erin and Dacono, and a state owned parcel within the Project's Area of Potential Effect (APE). The pedestrian survey included approximately 3.25 linear miles (39.8 acres) along a 100 -foot -wide corridor centered along the pipeline alignment in Weld County, Colorado. The survey was conducted on behalf of Anadarko prior to Project construction. The Segment 1 surveyed areas consisted of privately -owned lands subject to a municipal conditional use permit. The cultural resources research study included a site file search of the Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation records, U.S. Bureau of Land Management General Land Office plats and historical maps, and a search of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) properties within one mile of the Project's pipeline alignment in Weld County. The pedestrian survey was conducted in portions of the following quadrangles: • Sections 7-9, and 16, Township 1N, Range 67W, Principal Meridian 6, on the U.S. Geological Survey 7.5' Frederick (1994) quadrangle. One new cultural resource was identified and recorded as a result of the pedestrian survey and consisted of a segment of the Bull Ditch Levee. The site first appears on the 1950 Frederick 1/24,000 USGS quadrangle. Tetra Tech recommends the site as not eligible for listing onto the NRHP based on the date of construction and the ditch's intermittent use over the past several decades. No other cultural resources were identified within the Segment 1 APE. Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment I Weld County, Colorado Contents Page �. Introduction........................................................................................................................................1-s 2. Environmental Setting 2-1 2.1 Physiography and Hydrology 2-1 2.2 Climate 2-1 2.3 Geology and Geomorphology 2-2 2.4 Biotic Setting 2-2 2.4.1 Flora 2-2 2.4.2 Fauna 2-3 3. Cultural -Historical Context................................................................................................................3- 3.1 Prehistoric Narrative 3-1 3.1.1 Pa leoind ian Stage 3-1 3.1.2 Archaic Stage 3-22 3.1.3 Late Prehistoric Stage 3-4 3.1.4 Protohistoric Stage 3-4 3.2 Historic Narrative 3-5 3.2.1 Early Exploration and Conquest 3-5 3.2.2 Trails and Transportation 3-6 3.2.3 Homesteading and Agricultural Settlement 3-6 3.2.4 Irrigation Ditches along the Northern Front Range 3-7 4. Statement oObjectives ....................................................................................................................4-1 4.1 Expected Results 4-1 5. Intl et h o d o l o g y5-1 5.1 Desktop Research Methods 5-1 5.2 Field Methods 5-1 5.3 Site Evaluation Criteria 5-1 6. Results................................................................................................................................................ 6-1 6.1 Desktop Research 6-1 6.2 New Cultural Resources Recorded During the Pedestrian Survey 6-3 6.2.1 Site 5WL.8288.1 6-3 7. Recommendations............................................................................................................................. 7-1 8. References Cited 8-1 ii Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment I Weld County, Colorado Tables Table 1-1: Table 1-2: Table 6-1: Table 6-2: Cultural Resource Survey Areas Newly Recorded Site Information Previously Conducted Surveys within the Research Area iiv v Error! Bookmark not defined. Previously Recorded Sites within the Research Area Figures Error! Bookmark not defined.2 Figure 1-1: USGS Topographic Map of Segment 1 APE 1-3 Figure 1-2: USGS Aerial Imagery Map of Segment 1 APE 1-4 Figure 6-1: Overview of the Bull Ditch Levee (5WL.8288.1). View looking north-northwest 6-3 Cultural Resource Inventory iii Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment I Weld County, Colorado Table 1-1: Cultural Resource Survey Areas Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation —Cultural Resource Survey Management Information Please complete this form and attach a copy behind the Table of Contents of each survey report. Acres of Potential Effect/Project -39.8 Acres Surveyed: ar39.8 Legal Location of Project (add additional pages if necessary) Principal Median: 6th Quad. map date(s): 1994 Quad Map(s) Names: Frederick quadrangles Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s N% SE SE SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s N14 SW SE SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s NIA SE SW SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s N% SW SW SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s N'4 SE SE SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s N1/2 SW SE SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s NIA SE SW SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 7 1/4s N' SW SW SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s S16 SE SE SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s S14 SW SE SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s S/2 SE SW SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s S14 SW SW SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s S'/4 SE SE SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1./4s 51A SW SE SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s WIA SW SE SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s S'/2 SE SW SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s E'/2 SE SW SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 8 1/4s SA SW SW SW Township 1' N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s SW1 SE SE SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s S% SW SE SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s N% SE SW SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s S% SW SW SE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s S% SE SE SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s S% SW SW SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s 51A SE SW SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 9 1/4s S% SW SW SW Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 16 1/4s NW NE NE NE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 16 1/4s a SW NE NE NE Township 1N Range: 67W Sec.: 16 1/4s SE NE NE NE iv Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment I Weld County, Colorado Table 1-2: Newly Recorded Site Information Smithsonian Number Resource Type Eligibility Recommendation Paleontological Multi component Not Eligible Need Data Contributes to National Register District No Further Action P!0AV JO ULOIN U 'C - = w I— w 5WL.8288.1 X X X Total S ites :38 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 The Project Areas surveyed Principal Meridian, Quad. Name Area and = 39.8 = 39.8 Township, date(s): acres acres Range, Sections Frederick (1994) quadrangle - 6Th PM: Sections 7-9, AND 16, Township 1 N, Range 67W; Principal Investigator Name: Stephen R. Anderson, RPA Principal Investigator's Signature: # r Cultural Resource Inventory v Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 1. Introduction This report is a summary of the cultural resource survey conducted on January 5u', 2018 by Tetra Tech, Inc. (Tetra Tech) in support of the Anadarko Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 (the Project). This report is based on the geographic information system (GIS) data provided by Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (Anadarko) on January 3rd, 2018. Tetra Tech conducted a cultural research desktop study and an intensive -level cultural resource pedestrian survey of the Segment 1 Project corridor on January 5th, 2018. Based on the permitting requirements, Segment 1 of the Project was surveyed separately and is included in this report. A follow up report of the remaining pipeline segment will be submitted upon completion of the additional survey. The entire pipeline corridor does not require an intensive -level pedestrian survey as portions of the Project do not have a federal or state nexus, therefore the Project is not subject to the National Historic Preservation Act Section (NHPA) 106 process. However, certain portions of the Project cross state and municipal parcels of properties in Weld County and are subsequently subject to review per Colorado Revised Statues 24-80- 401 through 411. Specifically, the pedestrian survey included locations of the towns of Erie and Dacono, and a state owned parcel within the Project's Area of Potential Effect (APE). The pedestrian survey included approximately 3.25 linear miles (39.8 acres) along a 100 -foot -wide corridor centered along the pipeline alignment in Weld County, Colorado. The survey was conducted on behalf of Anadarko prior to Project construction. The Segment 1 surveyed areas consisted of privately -owned lands subject to a municipal conditional use permit. The cultural resources research study included a site file search of the Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation records, U.S. Bureau of Land Management General Land Office plats and historical maps, and a search of the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) properties within one mile of the Project's pipeline alignment in Weld County. The pedestrian survey was conducted in portions of the following quadrangles: • Sections 7-9, and 16, Township 1N, Range 67W, Principal Meridian 6, on the U.S. Geological Survey 7.5' Frederick (1994) quadrangle. The Project begins in Weld County approximately 120 meters north of the intersection of Colorado Boulevard and County Road 10 and trends easterly until turning south across County Road 10 and terminating approximately 120 meters south of the intersection of County Road 19 and County Road 10 (Figures 1-1 and 1-2). Anadarko contracted Tetra Tech to conduct a cultural resource investigation for the Project. This investigation included a cultural resources desktop, research study that comprised a site file and cartographic search for the pipeline route in Weld County, an intensive -level pedestrian survey of Segment 1 of the Project, and the recordation and evaluation of any cultural resources identified as a result of the research study and pedestrian survey. The work was conducted under Tetra Tech's state of Colorado archaeological permit numbers 2017-13. Stephen Anderson was the Principal Investigator for the Project and conducted the pre -survey site file search and literature review. The pedestrian survey was conducted by Stephen Anderson and Mary Cultural Resource Inventory 1-1 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Connell. Stephen Anderson authored this report and Mitchell Fyock created the maps and processed the GIS data. One new cultural resource was identified and recorded as a result of the pedestrian survey and consisted of a segment of the Bull Ditch Levee. The site first appears on the 1950 Frederick 1/24,000 USGS quadrangle. Tetra Tech recommends the site as not eligible for listing onto the NRHP based on the date of construction and the ditch's intermittent use over the past several decades. No other cultural resources were identified within the Segment 1 APE. 1-2 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado a &uj WCE W am WFI[i!CCuUNTY ,COLORADO PROJECT MAP JANUARY, 2018 TETRA TECH LLJ 0tcci 0 +' a. ctt C: fa PLSS Township 0 2 CC CC Figure 1-1: USGS Topographic Map of Segment 1 APE Cultural Resource Inventory 1-3 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 0 e -3 '- ui X 2 CL !LLw OZ ill I" en uJ 9 S 8 S JANUARY 2018 t c S Project Features Potential Effect Boundaries PLSS Township PLSS Section REFERENCE MAP 'UKS, AFK, GrtrnappIng. Amgrid, !WV Whit air, [iirudit;' :4ourrl.: ! sri Ih$itnI5lobr. Grail yr. Earthstar 6rrigraphics, C l TS/AIrt js RS, US!) Figure 1-2: USGS Aerial Imagery Map of Segment I APE 1-4 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 2. Environmental Setting 2.1 Physiography and Hydrology The Project is located at the base of the foothills west of the eastern plains of Colorado, within the Colorado Piedmont section of the Great Plains Physiographic Province (Osterkamp and Gustayson 1987). The Colorado Piedmont is an area adjacent to the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, which extends 50 to 100 miles eastward from the foothills. The topography within this area is characterized by level plains and rolling hills incised by drainages. The major relief is generally created at the edges of the drainages. The elevation along the Project ranges from 5,030 to 5,100 feet above mean sea level (AMSL). The greatest changes in elevation within the Colorado Piedmont occur where the Platte River and its larger tributaries have cut through the deposits that form the Colorado Piedmont. The upper forks of the South Platte rise along the Continental Divide and in the mountains surrounding South Park in central Colorado. The forks flow generally to the northeast, converging in the foothills southwest of Denver to create the South Platte mainstream. The river descends the Front Range near Denver, flows through the city, and then follows a straight northerly course, traversing a lengthy segment of the Rocky Mountain Piedmont before heading east and exiting to the High Plains near Greeley. From Greeley, the river flows to the northeast, exiting Colorado in the northeastern corner of the state and converging with the North Platte River in western -central Nebraska. The Platte River continues on an easterly course across Nebraska, eventually flowing into the Missouri River near Omaha. The South Platte River in Colorado has an average daily flow of 1,000 cubic feet/second (cfs) with occasional peak flows of 20,000 cfs (EPA 2001). The principal drainage within the Colorado Piedmont is the South Platte River located approximately 3.15 miles east of the Project. The major drainages within the Project Area include Little Dry Creek and Big Dry Creek. 2.2 Climate The climate of the Project Area, as is typical of Colorado's eastern plains, is relatively uniform with low humidity, infrequent precipitation, moderate to high winds, and large daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations. Summers are generally hot and winters cold. Precipitation is generally low, with much of the area experiencing frequent droughts. However, summer thunderstorms can be intense with as much as four inches of rain occurring in just a few hours. The Project Area's distance from major moisture sources (the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico) leads to low precipitation totals throughout the year. The rain shadow of the Rocky Mountains to the west limits the moisture derived from the dominant westerly wind movements, while winds from the north likewise carry little moisture. Most precipitation occurs as a result of the movement of moisture -laden southerly winds from the Gulf of Mexico with accumulations generally concentrated in the mid/late spring and summer months (Doesken 2003). At Fort Lupton, Colorado, approximately 4.3 miles northeast of the Project, an average of 19.1 inches of precipitation is received annually. Violent thunderstorms occur periodically throughout the warmer months of the year. The yearly precipitation is concentrated from March to October, with the minimum levels occurring in November through February (Weatherbase 2018). The main influence on temperature within the Project Area is the intensity of solar radiation, but periodic movements of warm and cold air masses are also important. As with precipitation the average daily Cultural Resource Inventory 2-1 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado temperature at the Project Area is relatively homogenous. At Fort Lupton, the average annual temperature is 43.6° F with an average high in July of 82° F and an average low in January of 7.9° F (Weatherbase 2018). 2.3 Geology and Geomorphology The major geologic features in the Project Area are the Front Range Uplift to the west and the Denver- Julesburg Basin to the east. The Denver-Julesburg Basin covers 60,000 square miles in northeastern Colorado, southeastern Wyoming, and western Nebraska (Volk 1972). This asymmetric basin contains 13,000 feet of sedimentary rocks along its axis, which trends from Denver to Torrington, Wyoming. The sedimentary deposits within the Denver-Julesburg Basin range in age from Paleozoic to recent. The Project overlies bedrock formations of Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary age including the Pierre shale and Laramie formations. These formations consist of sedimentary rocks composed of sandstone, shale, and coal. The towns of Erie, Marshall, Dacono, Superior; and the cities of Lafayette and Louisville owe their origin to the mining of these formations coal deposits (Murphy 2007). 2.4 Biotic Setting 2.4.1 Flora Native vegetation communities in the Project Area include short- and mid -grass prairie as well as riparian/wetland zones. The short- and mid -grass prairies form the original vegetation communities throughout most of the Project Area. The dominant grass species in these areas generally consist of western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii), crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), buffalograss (Bouteloua dactyloides), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), blue grama grass (Bouteloua gracilis), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), sixweeks fescue (Vulpia octoflora), needle -and -thread grass (Hesperostipa comata), squirreltail (Hordeum jubatum), and red three -awn (Aristida longiseta). Cheatgrass, (Bromus tectorum) a non-native species, is also common. The prevailing forbs are prairie clover (Dalea spp.) and salsify (Tragopogon spp). Other forbs in the surrounding areas include common sunflower (Helianthus annuus), purple spiderwort (Tradescantia rosea), spotted bee balm (Monarda punctata), scarlet globemallow (Sphaeralcea coccinea), Indian blanket (Gaillardia pulchella), tansy mustard (Descurainia pinnata brachycarpa), wine cup (Callirhoe involucrata), greenthread (Thelesperma spp.), and western ragweed (Ambrosia psilostachya). Prickly pear (Opuntia spp.) and pincushion cactus (Mammillaria spp. or Coryphantha spp.), as well as yucca (Yucca spp.) are also present (Mutel and Emerick 1992). In the riparian areas associated with the South Platte River tributaries, the dominant species is the plains cottonwood (Populus deltoids occidentalis), with lesser occurrences of peach -leaved willow (Salix amygdaloides). In association with these trees are shrubs of hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), American plum (Prunus americana), currant (Ribes spp.), snowberry (Symphoricarpos spp.), wild rose (Rosa spp.), and willows (Salix spp.). Grass species include saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) and sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus). In some areas, these communities have expanded because of introduced species that now include box elder (Acer negundo), American elm (Ulmus americana), Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), and Tamarisk or salt cedar (Tamarix spp.) (Mutel and Emerick 1992). 2-2 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 2.4.2 Fauna Wildlife species that may be present within the Project Area are typical of those found in the short- and mid - grass prairies and riparian zones of the Colorado plains. Big game species in this region include pronghorn antelope (Antilocapra americana), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Pronghorn antelope inhabit grasslands and shrublands in flat to rolling topography and forage on shrubby plants and band together in large herds during the winter months (Wood 1967). Abundant mule deer are also found in this region, but tend to reside among the shrublands along rough, broken terrain where concealment and forage is plentiful. White-tailed deer tend to occupy riparian zones and nearby croplands where they feed on forbs, grasses, and cultivated crops (Fitzgerald et al. 1994). Small mammal species include desert cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii), black -tailed jack rabbit (Lepus californicus), white- tailed jack rabbit (Lepus townsendii), black -tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus), thirteen -lined ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus), plains pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius), plains pocket mouse (Perognathus flavescens), Preble's meadow jumping mouse (Zapus hudsonius preblei), beaver (Castor spp.), spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius), striped skunk (Mephitis sp.), porcupine (Erethizontidae spp.), raccoon (Procyon lotor), badger (Arctonyx spp.), coyote (Canis latrans), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), swift fox (Vulpes velox), and black -footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) (Burt and Grossenheider 1976). Bison were once abundant in this region, but were exterminated in the late 19th century (Gilbert 1980:150). Waterfowl species commonly inhabit and/or use the lakes, ponds, and creeks in this region. These waterfowl species consist of northern shoveler (Anas clypeata), northern pintail (Anas acuta), green -winged teal (Anas carolinensis), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), and Canada goose (Branta canadensis). Potential migrants and winter residents include ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis), American widgeon (Anas americana), bufflehead (Bucephala albeola), and gadwall (Anas strepera). Upland game birds include the lesser prairie chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus), sharp -tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus), scaled quail (Callipepla squamata), mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), and Rio Grande turkey (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia) (Peterson 1990). Non -game birds in the region include raptors, wading and shore birds, and passerines. Raptors potentially occurring in the Project Area consist of bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), Swainson's hawk (Buteo swainsoni), ferruginous hawk (Buteo regal's), American kestrel (Falco sparverius ), prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus), northern harrier (Circus cyaneus ), and turkey vulture (Cathartes aura ). Several species of owl, including burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), barn owl (Tyto alba), great -horned owl (Bubo virginianus), and short -eared owl (Asia flammeus) are also prevalent in the region (Peterson 1990). Wading and shore birds are present along the major drainages and water bodies and consist of black -crowned night heron (Nycticorax sp.), great blue heron (Ardea herodias), killdeer (Charadrius vociferus), whooping crane (Grus americana), western snowy plover (Charadrius nivosus), piping plover (Charadrius melodus), mountain plover (Charadrius montanus), long -billed curlew (Numenius americanus), and least tern (Sternula antillarum). Significant passerine species include horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), lark bunting (Calamospiza melanocorys), meadowlark (Sturnella sp.), and various sparrows (Passer spp.) (Andrews and Righter 1992; Brown 1989a). Cultural Resource Inventory 2-3 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Common amphibian and reptile species in the region include tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum), Woodhouse's toad (Bufo woodhousii), northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens), northern cricket frog (Acris crepitans), painted turtle (Chrysemys picta), ornate box turtle (Terrapene ornata ornata), yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens), short -horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi), prairie lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), bullsnake (Pituophis catenifer sayi), red racer (Coluber flagellum piceus), plains garter snake (Thamnophis radix), and western rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis) (Brown 1989b; Hammerson 1999; Shaw and Campbell 1974). 2-4 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 3. Cultural -Historical Context The following section is a brief introduction to the prehistory and history of the Project Area in context of the greater area of the Platte River Basin (Region). The most recent and comprehensive prehistoric context for the region that encompasses the Project Area is Colorado Prehistory: A Context for the Platte River Basin (Gilmore et al. 1999). 3.1 Prehistoric Narrative The Region, which includes more than 25 percent of the northeastern portion of the state of Colorado, is bordered by the Continental Divide to the west; the Colorado -Wyoming -Nebraska border to the north; the Colorado -Nebraska -Kansas border to the east; and the Palmer Divide, which separates the Platte River Basin from the Arkansas River Basin, to the south (Gilmore et al. 1999:1). Prehistoric cultures are known to have inhabited the Platte River Basin for as long as 13,000 years. The cultural periods have been divided into several temporal units based on variability in observed technological and subsistence attributes. These temporal units are described individually below. 3.1.1 Paleoindian Stage The Paleoindian Stage in Colorado dates from 12,000 to 7,500 before present (B.P.) and is typically associated with the hunting of megafauna that became extinct during the terminal phase of the late Pleistocene or in the early Holocene (Gilmore et al. 1999:3). These animals consisted of proboscideans (Mammuthus spp.), certain species of now extinct bison (Bison antiquus), and others large game species that included camel (Camelops spp.), horse (Equus spp.), mountain sheep (Ovis spp.), elk (Cervus spp.), and deer (Odocoileus spp.) (Gilmore et al. 1999:5). Paleoindian bands were highly mobile hunter and gatherers, and their food economy was based on the availability of big game that ranged across the landscape (Simms 2008:133). The archaeological evidence for the Paleoindian period is closely tied to the associated hunting tools utilized throughout the tradition, namely the distinctive fluted spear point variations. In Colorado, the Paleoindian Stage is subdivided based on changes in distinctive spear point technology and associated with direct or relative dating of sites. Much of the information about the Paleoindian Stage in the Region comes from data collected during excavation at kill sites and game processing sites. The Paleoindian Stage in the Region is divided into three traditions, or sub -periods: These sub -periods include the Clovis (12,000-11,000 B.P.), Folsom (11,000-10,000 B.P.), and the Plano (10,000-7500 B.P.) periods (Gilmore et al. 1999:51). Clovis Sub -period The Clovis sub -period dates from 12,000 to 11,000 B.P, during which time the climate was wetter and cooler than it is today (Gilmore et al. 1999:51-57). Clovis inhabitants of the Region existed in small mobile bands and hunted mammoth, other now -extinct Pleistocene fauna, and many smaller species, utilizing riverine and lacustrine environments. The archaeological hallmark of the Clovis sub -period is the Clovis projectile point: a large, lanceolate, basally fluted projectile point (Justice 2002:67; Gilmore et al. 1999:51; Zier and Kalasz 1999:69). Clovis points vary from 3 to 6 inches in length, typically contain basal grinding, Cultural Resource Inventory 3-1 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado are basally concave, have parallel or slightly convex edges, are leaf shaped, and are partially fluted at the hafting element of the base (Gilmore et al. 1999:57). Folsom Sub -period The Folsom sub -period dates from 11,000 to 10,000 B.P. when the climatic shifts that began in theClovis sub -period continued, resulting in overall warming but also increased seasonality featuring warmer summers and, perhaps, colder winters (Gilmore et al. 1999:64). Conditions, in general, were cooler than those of the present day but began to approach modern levels by the end of the sub -period. A process of Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions that began in Clovis times was largely complete by the end of the Folsom sub -period and, while overall mammal species diversity was reduced, the ranges of certain grassland -adapted species such as bison, elk, moose, deer, and antelope, increased significantly (Yohe and Woods 2002, Simms 2008, and Zier and Kalasz 1999:87). Folsom -age demographics were like those of the Clovis period, with small bands of hunter -gatherers exploiting well -watered areas in an increasingly arid environment. Folsom sites are often associated with small-scale kills (up to 25 animals) of a now extinct form of bison, but an array of smaller mammal forms were exploited as well. Folsom projectile points are smaller than Clovis but exhibit fluting along nearly the entire length of the blade on both faces (Gilmore et al. 1999:51). Folsom toolkits are highly diverse and display a range of both formal and expedient forms and, like Clovis, show a preference for high -quality lithic materials from widely distributed sources. Plano Sub -period The Plano sub -period (10,000 to 7500 B.P.) is well represented on the Colorado portion of the High Plains in the form of surface and subsurface finds consisting of a variety of unfluted lanceolate projectile points (Zier and Kalasz 1999:94, Gilmore et al. 1999:69). During the Plano sub -period, the High Plains evolved into a land of semi -arid to arid short -grass prairie containing deciduous woodlands along principal streams. The bison continued to diminish in size but increased in absolute numbers and roamed an expanded range as grasslands proliferated. Human occupants of the region responded to Plano environmental conditions by becoming highly specialized bison hunters, developing communal hunting techniques that, at times, resulted in the killing of 200 or more animals in a single event (Zier and Kalasz 1999:94, Gilmore et al. 1999:69). The Plano sub -period is characterized by a series of temporally and geographically overlapping projectile point traditions and, while a good deal of morphological variability is apparent in Plano assemblages, points continued to be generally large and well made, often from high quality, non -local materials (Gilmore et al. 1999:51). Lithic assemblages generally appear as an outgrowth of Folsom industries, but with even greater morphological and perhaps functional variability. Bone tools figure prominently into Plano artifact assemblages, but are largely expedient in nature (Zier and Kalasz 1999:94). Plano sub -period artifacts have been located throughout the Colorado portion of the High Plains and are typically associated with the hunting of extinct bison (Bison antiquus) and modern bison (Bison bison) (Zier and Kalasz 1999:94). 3.1.1 Archaic Stage The Archaic Stage (approximately 7500 to 2000 B.P.) is broadly associated with the Altithermal climatic event (Bently 1983), an approximate 4,000 -year -long period of relatively hot and arid conditions over the Western United States that necessitated a change in hunting and gathering patterns of subsistence 3-2 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado (Gilmore et al. 1999:91). Subsistence practices shifted to foraging for plant resources and small game hunting (Gilmore et al. 1999:5). The Archaic Period dates from 7800 to 2000 B.P. and is subdivided into the Early, Middle, and Late Archaic. It is differentiated from the Paleoindian in terms of technology and subsistence practices. Projectile point forms in the Archaic Stage changed substantially from the larger Paleoindian forms as flake tool technology began shifting towards stemmed and notched projectile point styles (Gilmore et al. 1999:94). Early Archaic The Early Archaic dates from 7800 to 5000 B.P. and marks the transition from the Plano to Archaic technology and represents substantial changes in subsistence and material culture (Gilmore et al. 1999). The climate during the Middle Holocene experienced more extreme variability between cooler and warmer periods than present day, as well as possible torrential storms during the summer months. The Early Archaic is characterized by the manufacturing of lanceolate and large, corner -notched projectile points developed for use with the atlatl (Gilmore et al. 1999:94). Gilmore et al. (1999:102-103) indicates that few known Early Archaic sites exist in the Region. Most sites have been found along hogbacks and foothills at higher elevations, suggesting a migration to cooler regions during the Altithermal climatic event. Middle Archaic The Middle Archaic dates from 5000 to 3000 B.P. when climatic conditions during the early Neoglacial episode are believed to have been more mesic, with wetter and cooler conditions prevailing. Conditions were similar to those of the present day and modern flora and fauna were present in the area as evidenced by assemblages from archaeological sites. The climate does not appear to have been static, however. Geomorphic evidence indicates that episodes of sand dune activation and dormancy occurred throughout the Middle Archaic and well into the Late Archaic, suggesting that fluctuations in effective moisture occurred (Gilmore et al. 1999). The Middle Archaic is characterized by increased variability in projectile point styles that include lanceolate and stemmed -indented projectile points, as well as side- and corner -notched points most likely used for hunting bison and other ungulates (Gilmore et al. 1999:5, Zier and Kalasz 1999). In addition to varying projectile point types, Middle Archaic sites often contain groundstone implements, suggesting a reliance on more plant -based foods. The Middle Archaic is represented in the Region along the mountains, foothills, and plains landscapes suggesting that groups traveled between the mountains and plains. Middle Archaic peoples appear to havehunted and foraged in the mountains during the summer and fall months, and returned to base camps in the hogbacks, foothills, and eastern plains during the winter months (Gilmore et al. 1999:118). Several Middle Archaic sites have been recorded on the plains, but site density appears to decrease in the mountainous regions (Gilmore et al. 1999:118 and 134). Late Archaic The Late Archaic dates from 3000 to 1800 B.P. and is characterized by changes in material culture that include the introduction of the bow and arrow and ceramics. Late Archaic sites in the South Platte River Cultural Resource Inventory 3-3 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado drainage area are similar to those of the Middle Archaic, but occur more frequently and are more widely distributed based on both absolute dating and the presence of diagnostic artifacts (Gilmore et al. 1999:134). The climate during the latter half of the Neoglacial episode experienced a return to Pleistocene -like conditions except with modern flora and fauna. The winter months were wetter and the summers were cooler (Simms 2008). The presence of groundstone and a variety of stone tools persisted into the Late Archaic, while projectile point morphology leaned towards large, side- and corner -notched points, many of which had serrated edges (Gilmore et al. 1999:95). Hunting was still the primary means of subsistence, but the strategies changed to incorporate buffalo jumps, game drives, and a heavier reliance on smaller game and fish to support the needs of increasing populations. 3.1.3 Late Prehistoric Stage The Late Prehistoric Period (1800 B.P. to A.D. 1540) is characterized by the increased production of bow and arrow type projectile points, bulk food procurement, expansive material trade, and continued ceramic development. The climate during the Medieval Warm Period consisted of a slow warming period until A.D. 900 followed by a rapid warming period with summer rainfall. By A.D. 1000 the climate experienced decades of severe drought followed by abundant precipitation (Simms 2008:77). Lithic technology progressed from the production of dart -style points made from quarried materials to arrow -style points and other flake tools made from locally available raw material. Plant processing became more abundant and spread across a wider area. The Late Prehistoric stage in the Region is divided into two periods: the Early Ceramic period and the Middle Ceramic period (Gilmore et al. 1999:3). New technologies flourished in the Late Prehistoric, including the further development of pottery and the bow and arrow. Small side- and corner -notched points are used to differentiate the Late Prehistoric from other periods and are more common in artifact assemblages in the Region than ceramics (Gilmore et al. 1999:175). The Early Ceramic period (A.D. 150 to 1150) features cord -marked pottery and corner -notched projectile points (Gilmore et al. 1999:5). Campsites were more common during the Early Ceramic period and, based on evidence found at sites, seem to have been occupied for longer amounts of time than in preceding periods and may have been repeatedly occupied (Gilmore et al. 1999:179). There are considerably more Early Ceramic sites in the Region than sites of any previous period, with a large number of these sites having absolute dates (Gilmore et al. 1999:179). The Middle Ceramic period (A.D. 1150 to 1540) is characterized by smoothed, cord -marked pottery and triangular projectile points (Gilmore et al. 1999:5). Many Middle Ceramic sites are multi -component sites and have Early Ceramic elements (Gilmore et al. 1999:245). 3.1.4 Protohistoric Stage The Protohistoric period dates from approximately A.D. 1540 until Euro-American occupation and settlement in area and subsequent relocation of Native Americans onto reservations in the late 1800s (Gilmore et al. 1999:5, 309). The Protohistoric period is characterized by a major shift in Native American technology and subsistence practices, as well as dramatic changes in demographics. The arrival of Europeans on the North American continent changed many aspects of Native American life. Subsistence 3-4 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado technologies shifted as firearms became available and metal and glass implements were introduce for food gathering, storage, and cooking (West 1998). A shift in environmental conditions also occurred during this time. A long drought ended and climate conditions on the high plains became more hospitable and similar to those of today (Gilmore et al. 1999:309). Perhaps the greatest changes observed in Native American populations during the Protohistoric period involved a dramatic reduction in their numbers caused by the introduction of European diseases and increased competition for resources between Native American groups and new Euro-American settlers (West 1998). Several tribes inhabited the Region during this time including the Cheyenne, Arapaho, Shoshoni, Comanche, Kiowas, Apache, and Ute (Gilmore et al. 1999:310). When the Platte River Basin context was described by Gilmore in 1999, more than 130 Protohistoric sites had been identified in the Region (Gilmore et al. 1999:310-311). Protohistoric sites are predominantly open camps and lithic scatters, but other site types include peeled trees, architectural sites, sheltered camps, sheltered lithic scatters, rock art, battle locations, and trails. Apache sites were common during the Protohistoric (especially on the eastern plains), and diagnostic features and artifacts include shallow pithouses, bison scapula hoes, snub-nosed endscrapers, and distinctive ceramics (Gilmore et al. 1999:311-313). In the mountains, the Ute were the predominant tribe and Ute sites are often identified by the presence of Uncompahgre Brown -ware ceramics, Cottonwood Triangular projectile points, Desert Side -notched points, and features like wickiups and peeled trees (Gilmore et al. 1999:323). During the Protohistoric period the acquisition of the horse changed subsistence patterns from localized pedestrian hunting and gathering to long-distance hunting on horseback. Bison hunting and some horticulture were the primary means of subsistence (Gilmore et al. 1999:313; Zier and Kalasz 1999:257). 3.2 Historic Narrative 3.2.1 Early Exploration and Conquest The first non -Native visitors to the Region consisted of French and Spanish trappers and traders who arrived in the area as early as the late 17th century. Although the Spanish had made incursions into the Kansas plains as early as the 1540s, it was more than 150 years before the European presence on the plains became commonplace. The French began exploring North America's interior from both the north and south via the Mississippi and Missouri river drainages beginning in the early years of the 18th century (Creigh 1977:21). French influence began to decline after the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763 and the French, by the time of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, had all but disappeared from the plains. The focus of western exploration and commerce during the early 1800s began with the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1803 -1806 as they made their way west along the Missouri River. Soon after, French trappers arrived to trap beaver along the western rivers and tributaries. By the early 1820s, trappers working for the Rocky Mountain Fur Company traveled along the Sweetwater and Platte rivers in Wyoming and Nebraska along what was soon to become the Oregon Trail (Hafen and Young 1938:21). Shortly thereafter, a military expedition led by Major Stephen H. Long traversed the South Platte River to the Rocky Mountains (Gregg 1954). Trading posts and military outposts were established in the vicinity to facilitate the fur trade. These forts included Fort William in southeastern Wyoming, Fort Robinson and Fort Sidney in western Nebraska, and Fort Saint Vrain, Fort Vasquez, and Fort Sedgewick in northeastern Colorado. All of these Cultural Resource Inventory 3-5 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado frontier outposts were located along major drainages and established transportation routes. From 1820 until the early 1840s, the military conducted routine patrols in the area to manage the ongoing encounters with Native Americans tribes who were beginning to make a stand against the encroaching Euro-Americans. 3.2.2 Trails and Transportation By the late 1840s, Euro-American emigration began to increase throughout the Region and adjacent areas as thousands of wagons utilized the valley of the Platte as a means to reach Utah, California, and Oregon. Eventually more than 500,000 would-be settlers traveled over the Oregon, Overland, and Mormon trails to western states, accompanied by more than 1.5 million animals (Madsen 1980:27, Creigh 1977:33). A large group of these settlers came west to seek California gold during 1848 - 1849, religious freedom in Utah (which began in 1847), or permanent settlements in Oregon while electing to merely pass through the Plains and settle elsewhere. Denver was founded in 1858 and quickly became the regional economic hub. It was not until the 1860s and 1870s that the area encompassing the greater portion of the present Project Area was actively settled by Euro-Americans. Other significant historic routes in the Region include the route of the Spanish Villasur Expedition (ca. 1720); the route used by Long's 1820 exploration party; the Platte River Trail (ca. 1840s to 1900); and the Overland Trail and Stage Route, which was established in the 1850s (Mehls 1984). The Overland Stage Line Company established a series of stage stations or ranches bordering the south bank of the South Platte River between Old Julesburg and Denver (Scott 1993). The development of the Transcontinental Railroad across the Great Plains eventually superseded the need for the emigrant and freight trails. The transcontinental railroad crossed the Great Plains through Nebraska and Wyoming in 1868 and was completed the following year as the Central Pacific Railroad and Union Pacific Railroad companies met at Promontory Point, Utah, north of the Great Salt Lake (Ambrose 2000). Within a few years additional connecting lines were constructed to Denver and other communities in northeastern Colorado. 3.2.3 Homesteading and Agricultural Settlement By the early 1860s homesteading, farming, and ranching took over as the principal economic themes of the Region (Gregg 1954). Agricultural settlement in the Region began to escalate by the mid -to -late 1860s. Carrillo (1990; see also Carrillo et al. 1989) has identified three phases of historic agricultural settlement for the Region: the Early Settlement phase (1867 - 1890), the Middle Settlement phase (1891 - 1915), and the Late Settlement phase (1916 - 1930). Carrillo's phases coincide chronologically with the U.S. Homesteading Acts. Mehls (1984) and Mehls (n.d.), in specific reference to Weld County, Colorado, have also identified three homesteading periods with somewhat different dates: Frontier period (1870 - 1900), Land Boom period (1900 - 1920), and Depression period (1920 - 1939). However, Carrillo's phases will be used for this discussion. The Early Settlement phase (1867 - 1890) consists of a vast number of settlers moving into the area, generally in response to the Homestead Act of 1862, under which 160 -acre plots of land could be acquired and patented if specified improvements were made within an allotted time. Many of the settlers in the Region consisted of Euro-Americans migrating from the eastern and southern states, as well as various European countries. 3-6 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado During the 1880s and 1890s the practice of dryland farming techniques were implemented across the region to combat an extended drought. Large-scale cattle ranchers exploited the vast grasslands, running herds across the open plains prior to the end of the open range period around 1895 (Mehls 1984). The Middle Settlement phase (1891 - 1915) witnessed the failure of many of the homesteads from the preceding phase and resulted in the consolidation and redistribution of land holdings. During this phase, the development of agricultural ditches and large irrigation canals in the South Platte River Valley was paramount to maintaining the land allotments. Changes in the beef and sheep industries occurred around 1900, resulting in the fencing of pasture land, development of feed lots, and an increase in rail transport. The Late Settlement phase (1916 - 1930) consists of an influx of settlers in response to the Enlarged Homestead Act of 1909 and the Stock Raising Homestead Act of 1916, both of which permitted claims on parcels of up to 640 acres. During the 1920s, the Late Settlement phase witnessed the devastating results of a massive drought and the effects of the Dust Bowl. The Great Depression followed the drought and Dust Bowl during the early 1930s, compounding the economic difficulties in the region. The vast majority of those who had homesteaded in the region during the Late Settlement phase failed sometime in the early 1930s as a result of these conditions. Many of the homesteaded parcels reverted to government ownership, while others were bought out by more successful neighbors. Agriculture continues to be the economic mainstay of the Region and includes the rearing of livestock and the raising of crops. Other economic development in the Region includes gas and oil exploration, grain storage and transport, meat processing, and fertilizer production and distribution. However, the Project Area includes both agricultural and developed urban areas that are highly influenced by other economic sectors. 3.2.4 Irrigation Ditches along the Northern Front Range The information in this section was derived from the online website used with permission from Anne Dyni, author of "Pioneer Voices of Boulder County", published by the Boulder County Open Space Department (Dyni 2010). The means to irrigate farmland within the northern Front Range region was initiated as early as 1859 via a series of ditches. The diversion of water from local snowmelt-fed streams and rivers assured farmers of good crops. The meadows and lowlands were systematically irrigated first due to the relative ease of constructing a dam across a stream and diverting the water to adjacent lands, requiring little or no ditching. The implementation of the ditch systems allowed the farmers to utilize land further from the streams. The ditches were typically constructed by using teams of oxen or horses pulling plows or ditchers (V-shaped chisels that cut deep trenches in the soil) to the desired locations in need of irrigation. Many of the earliest ditches in the region, such as the Holland Ditch in Boulder County, were dug with a team of horses and walking plow. The ditches were designed to allow the water to flow evenly across the entire field without eroding the topsoil. The plow blades were set at different heights to allow the proper drainage pitch. The common drainage pitch consisted of 1 inch elevation loss per 20 feet of ditch length. Cultural Resource Inventory 3-7 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 4. Statement of Objectives The goals of this cultural resource study were to identify cultural resources likely to be present and possibly affected by the Project, evaluate the cultural resources for their NRHP status, and make management recommendations for those cultural resources in relation to the Project. To achieve these goals, seven tasks were undertaken, which are as follows: 1. Conduct a site file search of the OAHP database to determine whether previous inventories have been performed in or near the Project Research Area, and whether previously -recorded cultural resources are present in the Research Area. Review historic maps and GLO records to look for possible historic features found in the Research Area. 2. Conduct a cultural resource inventory of the Project APE and identify sites. 3. Record all present cultural resources within the APE. Recordation to include global positioning system coordinates (GPS), site sketch map, photographs, and site descriptions. 4. Complete OAHP site forms for all observed cultural resources within the APE. 5. Evaluate all recorded cultural resources within the APE. C. Make appropriate management recommendations for all recorded cultural resources. 7. Prepare a report of the results of the inventory and submit to the lead agency with the understanding that the lead agency will submit to the OAHP. 4.1 Expected Results Expectations of site frequency and types within the APE estimated approximately one site per every 1 mile, with sites consisting of small prehistoric lithic scatters along the drainages and creeks, and historic irrigation, agricultural or settlement structure sites. Much of the APE has been subjected to decades of agricultural practices and has been greatly disturbed. Cultural Resource Inventory 4-1 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado This page intentionally left blank. 4-2 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 5. Methodology 5.1 Desktop Research Methods Tetra Tech conducted a site file search through OAHP Colorado Cultural Resource On-line Database (Compass) on January 3rd, 2018, for the Research Area (the area within 1 mile of the pipeline alignment). The Compass database includes records of all archaeological investigations that have been conducted and all cultural resources (prehistoric and historic archaeological sites) that have been previously recorded. Tetra Tech also reviewed the historic GLO records and the Glenn R. Scott trails maps to determine whether vestiges of trails, transportation routes, homesteads, or other resources may be present in the Research Area. 5.2 Field Methods The Survey Area consists of a contiguous 3.25 mile long by 100 -foot -wide corridor centered along the pipeline alignment as depicted in the GIS data provided by Anadarko. Two archaeologists conducted the survey by walking the length of the 100 -foot -wide APE in parallel transects, spaced approximately 15 meters apart. Ground visibility was approximately 70 to 90 percent throughout the majority of the APE. The locations of the cultural resource was recorded using a hand-held 2008 Series Trimble XT GPS unit. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates are used to indicate site locations and are based on the 1983 (Conus) North American Datum (NAD). A sketch map was digitized for the site and GPS coordinates of the site boundary was recorded. The lone resource was documented using a Colorado Historic Society/OAHP site form. Digital color photographs were taken of the resource and are included in Chapter 6 and the OAHP site form. No artifacts were collected. For the purposes of this survey, and in accordance with the Colorado Historic Society/OAHP guidelines (OAHP 2007), Tetra Tech used the following definitions for sites: (1) a concentration of prehistoric artifacts of five or more items, (2) a concentration of 50 or more items from the same historic artifact or event (e.g. a broken bottle), or (3) a feature with associated artifacts, regardless of number. All items outside these definitions would have been recorded as isolated finds (I Fs). 5.3 Site Evaluation Criteria Sites investigated during this inventory were evaluated for eligibility for listing on the NRHP. Those eligibility significance criteria are codified in the Code of Federal Regulations (36 CFR 60.4) and are specified below. The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possesses integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association, and: a. that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or b. that are associated with the lives of persons significant in the past; or Cultural Resource Inventory 5-1 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment ° Weld County, Colorado c. that embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represents the work of a master, or that possess high artistic value, or that represent a significant or distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or d. that have yielded, or are likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Ordinarily, cemeteries, birthplaces, or graves of historical figures; property owned by religious institutions or used for religious purposes; structures that have been removed from their original location; reconstructed historic buildings; properties that are primarily commemorative in nature; and properties that have achieved significance within the last 50 years shall not be considered eligible for the National Register. However, such properties will qualify if they are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria, or if they fall within the following categories: a. a religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance; or b. a building or structure removed from its original location but which is significant primarily for its architecture, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with an historic person or event; or c. a birthplace or grave of an historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no other appropriate site or building directly associated with his or her productive life; or d. a cemetery which derives its primary significance from graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events; or e. a reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan and when no building or structure with the same association has survived; or f. a property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own historical significance; or g. a property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance. The lone cultural resource was evaluated based on the criteria listed above. Eligible sites are those that display one or more of the criteria for eligibility. In addition, sites evaluated as eligible must retain physical integrity. Eroded or otherwise heavily disturbed sites are generally not considered eligible. Sites evaluated as needing data are those sites that may conform to the eligibility criteria but require further work to determine NRHP status. In most cases, these sites are prehistoric or historic sites with suspected buried materials or historic sites where additional research is necessary to determine historical importance. Sites that are evaluated as not eligible do not meet any of the eligibility criteria and/or have lost physical integrity. 5-2 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 6. Results The cultural resources research file search was conducted through Compass by Stephen Anderson, Principal Investigator of Archaeology at Tetra Tech, on January 3rd, 2018. The database includes records of all archaeological investigations that have been conducted and all cultural resources (archaeological and historical sites) that have been previously recorded within the state. The file search examined the surveys and resources within the prescribed Research Area. Tetra Tech also reviewed historical GLO plat maps and the Glenn R. Scott trails maps to determine whether vestiges of trails, transportation routes, homesteads, or other potential archaeological resources may be present within the Research Area. 6.1 Desktop Research The desktop research revealed that 11 prior investigations have been undertaken within the Research Area (Table 6-1). The previous investigations primarily consist of intensive surveys for pipelines, subdivision development, and municipal infrastructure projects. Table 6-1: Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys within the Research Area. Date Report Number Agency Author(s) Report Title 2009 MC.AE.R24 Centennial Inc. Archaeology, Erik Gantt, Anderson, A. Gensmer Stephen and Kristin R. Suncor Mountain Project; Laramie Counties, Energy Crude Class County, Colorado (USA) System III Cultural Wyoming Pipeline Expansion Resource and Company Rocky Pipeline Inventory Weld and Adams 1993 WL.E.NR5 Powers Department Elevation of for Energy the Marcia J. Tate Frederick Tap Cultural Colorado Compressor Station Resources (93 -CO -36) Inventory Pipeline Delivery Weld County, 2006 WL.FC.R1 Heritage Associates, Federal Commission Resource LLC for the Communications Dennis J. Desart Marcia J. Tate and A Cultural Resources Brink Property WL.03) Inventory Weld County, for Colorado the Lawrence (HRA-Co- 2002 WL.R.NR21 N R21 Western Resource Inc. Reclamation for Cultural Management, the Bureau of Cara C. Muniz niz Class III Cultural Lands II Subdivision, Colorado (02 Resource Inventory Dacono, Weld -B -046/E R0-DAC) of the County, Ridge 2000 WL.R.R29 Tate for Reclamation and Associates, the Bureau of Inc. Marcia J. Tate A Cultural Meadow Resources Inventory Subdivision, Weld for County, the Eagle Colorado 2001 WL.R.R31 Metcalf Consultants, Bureau Archaeological of Inc. for Reclamation the John M. Scott Carlson An Intensive Weld Annexation (Class County, Colorado and Dacono III) Cultural Estates Resource Project: Inventory 2001 WL.R.R33 Tate for Reclamation and Associates, the Bureau of Inc. Marcia J. Tate A Cultural Subdivision, Resource Inventory Weld County, for the Colorado Deer Trail 2005 WL.R.R52 Tate for Reclamation and Associates, the Bureau of Inc. Marcia J. Tate A Cultural Subdivision, Resource Weld Inventory County, for the Warner Colorado (CO -05-05) 2006 WL.R.R56 Bureau of Reclamation James M. Brechtel Intensive Proposed Land Cultural Cottonwood Developments Resource Survey Acres and Weld County, of Bridle Colorado the Creek Cultural Resource Inventory 6-1 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Table 6-1: Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys within the Research Area. Date Report Number Agency A►uthor(s) Report Title 2008 WL.R.R60 SWCA, Environmental Consultants Bureau Inc. of Reclamation for the Thomas Witt A Class I and Annexation for Colorado III Inventory the City of the Legacy Trail of Dacono, Weld County, 2014 WL.R.R83 SWCA, Environmental Consultants Bureau Inc. of for Reclamation the Michelle Homan, Christian Driver, Thomas Witt and Class Two Water Colorado I and Class III Cultural Areas for Inclusion Conservancy District, in the Resource Inventory Northern Weld County, of Colorado The Compass database identified 12 cultural resources (structures, archaeological sites, and IFs) within the Research Area that have been previously recorded. Of the 12 previously recorded resources, eight are historic sites, two are historic IFs, and two are prehistoric IFs. The site information is summarized in Table 6-2. The eight historic sites consist of the Graden Mine, a segment of the Dent Branch of the Union Pacific Railroad, two segments of the Bull Ditch, a segment of the Stanley Ditch, two trash dumps, and the Ward Farmstead. Of the 12 cultural resources located within the Research Area, seven sites are determined "Not Eligible- Officially", all four IFs are recommended as "Not Eligible- Field", and one site (6WL.1317.1 S) is determined "Eligible -Officially". None of the previously recorded cultural resources are located within the APE. Table 6-2: Previously Recorded Cultural Resources within the Research Area. Site Number Time Period Site Type NRHP Eligibility 5WL.877 Historic Graden Mine Not Eligible- Officially 5WL.1317.18 Historic Dent Branch of the Union Pacific Railroad (segment) Eligible- Officially 5WL.1966.10 Historic Stanley Ditch Segment Not Eligible- Officially 5WL.1966.5 Historic Bull Ditch Segment Not Eligible- Officially 5WL.1966.9 Historic Bull Ditch Segment Not Eligible- Officially 5WL.3972 Prehistoric IF- Groundstone Fragments Not Eligible -Field 5WL.3985 Prehistoric IF- Tested Lithic Core Not Eligible -Field 5WL.4867 Historic Domestic Trash Dump Not Eligible- Officially 5WL.5451 Historic Construction Material Trash Dump Not Eligible- Officially 5WL.5452 r Historic IF- Glass Shards Not Eligible -Field 5WL.5458 Historic IF- Mining Artifacts Not Eligible -Field 5WL.7550 Historic Ward Farmstead Not Eligible- Officially Tetra Tech also conducted a review of the GLO plat maps for Township 1 North, Range 67 West (1863); the National Park Service's National Historic Trails Map; and the Glenn R. Scott and Carol Rein Shwayder Historic Trail Map of the Greeley 1° x 2° Quadrangle, Colorado and Wyoming (1993) maps of the Research Area. No additional potential resources were depicted within the Research Area on these map resources. 6-2 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado 6.2 New Cultural Resources Recorded During the Pedestrian Survey The pedestrian survey of the APE consisted of a 3.25 mile long by 100 -feet -wide (39.8 acres) section of pipeline corridor located on privately owned lands in Weld County that are subject to a municipal conditional use permit. One new site was identified and documented during the pedestrian survey. 6.2.1 Site SWL.8288.1 Bull Ditch Levee Description: Site 5WL.8288.1 (Bull Ditch Levee, aka Bull Canal and Whipple Ditch) is located among an agricultural setting near the intersection of County Road 10 and County Road 19. The levee is concrete lined and the recorded segment measures 8 feet wide at the crest and approximately 2.5 feet wide at the base. Tetra Tech recorded a 0.85 mile long (--4500 feet), north to south trending segment of the levee. The segment is heavily overgrown and no longer appears to be in use. Figure 6-1. Overview of the Bull Ditch Levee (SWL.8288.1). View looking north-northwest. Evaluation and Management Recommendations: The levee first appears on the 1950 Frederick U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 1/24,000 scale topographic map as the Bull Ditch Levee. The Bull Ditch Levee was constructed in 1949 or 1950, but the Whipple Ditch has an appropriation date of 1888. According to the Colorado Division of Water Resources, the Structure Summary Report for the Whipple Ditch indicates that the Whipple Ditch was inactive from 1965-1969 and then incorporated with the Bull Canal. The Structure Summary Report also indicates that in 1973 the remaining portions of the Whipple Ditch were filled in and that the incorporated portion of the Bull Ditch (Canal) was unusable in 1978. The Structure Cultural Resource Inventory 6-3 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Summary Report states that water was again diverted into the Bull Ditch beginning in 1987, which implies that repairs had been made to the now named Bull Canal. The last date of use for the Bull Canal was 1995. The water rights for the site begin in 1950, however the Bull Canal and Whipple Ditch were incorporated in 1970. The original design and records for the Bull Canal are not available online and a records search conducted by the staff of the Colorado Division of Water Resources on January 9th, 2018 did not reveal any new information. Typically, the early appropriation date of a ditch as a whole is associated with important events related to the high altitude irrigation farming practices in the region (Criterion A), but the construction date of the Bull Canal, along with the incorporation of these two ditches in 1970, as well as the filling of the Whipple Ditch voids the significance of the early appropriation date. The ditch segment was inactive from 1965 - 1969 prior to the incorporation of the two ditches and again deemed unusable from 1978 - 1986 before being re -activated in 1987. The determination of the ditch as "unusable" in 1978 and remaining as such until 1987 suggests that modifications and/or repairs to the site were performed during that time frame. These repairs may have affected the sites seven aspects of physical integrity. Although the site is a historic resource, the ditch is not associated with an important person (Criterion A) or event (Criterion B) to Weld County or our nation's history. The ditch neither embodies the distinctive or unique characteristics of an architectural style or architect, nor exhibits high artistic value given its common construction (Criterion C). The recordation of the site and subsequent review of data has likely exhausted the data potential of the site (Criterion D). Two other segments of the Bull Ditch (5WL.1966.5 and 5W L.1966.9) have been previously recorded and have been determined as not eligible for listing onto the NRHP by the Colorado OAH P. Tetra Tech therefore recommends this site as not eligible for listing on the NRHP and no further management of the resource is necessary in relation to the Project. 6-4 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment I Weld County, Colorado 7. Recommendations This cultural resources pedestrian survey resulted in the identification of one new cultural resource (5WL.8288.1). The site is recommended as not eligible for listing onto the NRHP and no further management is necessary. If construction staff or others observe previously unidentified archaeological resources during construction, work should be halted in the vicinity of the find(s) and the Project Archaeologist immediately notified so that the resource value may be assessed as soon as possible and appropriate next steps determined in coordination with the landowner, OAHP, and/or affiliated Native American tribes. Such finds should be formally recorded and evaluated for NRHP eligibility, as appropriate. The resource should be protected from further disturbance or looting pending evaluation and agreement from SHPO regarding the resource's eligibility status. Should the unanticipated discovery be determined to be a historic property that is NRHP- eligible and cannot be avoided, Anadarko should provide justification why the resource cannot be avoided and recommend treatment options (e.g., data recovery) to OAHP as well as the landowner and consulted Native American tribes for agreement. If human remains are inadvertently discovered during construction activities, all work in the vicinity of the find should cease and the Weld County Coroner contacted immediately to determine the nature of the remains and if the remains are Native American. Cultural Resource Inventory 7-I Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment I Weld County, Colorado 8. References Cited Ambrose, Stephen E. 2000 Nothing Like It in the World: The Men Who Built the Transcontinental Railroad 1863-1869. Simon and Shuster, New York. Andrews, R., and R. Righter 1992 Colorado Birds: A Reference to Their Distribution and Habitat. Denver Museum of Natural History, Denver. Bently, E.B. 1983 Geomorphology and Human Land Use. Unpublished Manuscript on file, Bureau of Land Management, Boise. Brown, L. 1989a Grasslands. In The Audubon Society Nature Guides (2nd Printing). Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Chanticleer Press, Inc., New York. 1989b Grasslands: A Comprehensive Field Guide, Fully Illustrated with Color Photographs, to Birds, Wildflowers, Trees, Grasses, Insects, and Other Natural Wonders of North America's Prairies, Fields, and Meadows. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. Burt, William H., and Richard P. Grossenheider 1976 A Field Guide to the Mammals of America North of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. Carrillo, Richard F. 1990 Historical Archaeology Research Design. In An Introduction to the Archaeology of Pinon Canyon, Southeastern Colorado (6 volumes), edited by W. Andrefsky, Jr. Report submitted to National Park Service -Rocky Mountain Regional Office by Larson-Tibesar Associates, Inc., Laramie, Wyoming, and Centennial Archaeology, Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado. Carrillo, Richard F., Diane Adams, and Dorothy Larson 1989 Relative Dating of Historic Homesteads: A Test Employing Cartridges and Bottle Glass. In Temporal Assessment of Diagnostic Materials from the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site: Towards the Development of a Cultural Chronology for Southeastern Colorado, edited by C. Lintz and J. L. Anderson. Memoirs of the Colorado Archaeological Society No. 4. Creigh, Dorothy Weyer 1977 Nebraska: A Bicentennial History. W. W. Norton and Company, Inc., New York. Doesken, Nolan J., Roger A. Pielke, Sr., and Odilia A. P. Bliss 2003 Climate of Colorado: Climatography of the United States, No. 60. Colorado Climate Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins. Cultural Resource Inventory 8-I Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Dyni, Anne 2010 Pioneer Voices of Boulder County. Boulder County Open Space Department. http://bcn.bouldersco.usibasin/history/irrigation.html. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) 2001 Middle South Platte -Cherry Creek Watershed. Electronic document, http://cfpubl.gov lsurflhuc.cfm?huc_code=101000003, accessed [INSERT DATE YOU ACCESSED THIS]. Fitzgerald, James P, Carron A. Meaney, and David M. Armstrong 1994 Mammals of Colorado. Denver Museum of Natural History and University Press of Colorado, Niwot. Gilbert, B. Miles 1980 Mammalian Osteology. Modern Printing Company, Laramie. Gilmore, Kevin. P., Marcia Tate, Mark L. Chenault, Bonnie Clark, Terri McBride, and Margaret Wood 1999 Colorado Prehistory: A Context for the Platte River Basin. Colorado Council of Professional Archaeologists, Denver. Gregg, Josiah 1954 Commerce of the Prairies, edited by M. L. Moorhead. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. Hafen, LeRoy R., and Francis Marion Young 1938 Fort Laramie and the Pageant of the West, 1834-1890. A. H. Clark, Glendale. Hammerson, Geoffrey A. 1999 Amphibians and Reptiles in Colorado. University Press of Colorado and Colorado Division of Wildlife, Denver. Justice, Noel D. 2002 Stone Age Spear and Arrow Points of California and the Great Basin. Indiana University Press, Bloomington. Madsen, David.B. 1980 Fremont/Sevier Subsistence. In Fremont Perspective, edited by David B. Madsen, pp. 25-34. Antiquities Section Selected Papers No. 16. Utah State Historical Society, Salt Lake City. Mehls, Steven F. 1984 Colorado Plains Historic Context. Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Colorado Historical Society, Denver. Mehls, Steven F. and Carol Drake Mehls n.d. Weld County Colorado Historic Agricultural Context. Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Colorado Historical Society, Denver. 8-2 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Murphy, Sheila 2007 Mineral Resources in the Boulder Area. Excerpted from Boulder, A Sight to Behold: Guidebook, Runnells, Donald D. 1976. Electronic document, http://bcn.boulder.co.us/basin/watershed/geology/minerals.html, accessed January 8, 2018. Mutel, Cornelia F., and John C. Emerick 1992 From Grassland to Glacier: The Natural History of Colorado and the Surrounding Region (Second Edition). Johnson Books, Boulder. OAHP (Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation) 2007 Colorado Cultural Resource Survey Manual. Colorado Historical Society, Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Denver. Osterkamp, Waite. R. and Thomas C. Gustayson 1987 Chapter 6, Great Plains: Introduction. In Geomorphic Systems of North America, edited by W. L. Graf. Centennial Special Volume, No. 2. Geological Society of America, Boulder. Peterson, Roger Tory 1990 Field Guide to Western Birds. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York. Scott, Glen R. and Carol Rein Shwayder 1993 Historic Trail Map of the Greeley 1° x 2° Quadrangle, Colorado and Wyoming. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, Geologic Investigations Series 1-2626, Denver. Shaw, Charles E., and Sheldon Campbell 1974 Snakes of the American West. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. Simms, Steven R. 2008 Ancient Peoples of the Great Basin and Colorado Plateau. Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek. Volk, R. W. 1972 The Denver Basin and Las Animas Arch. In Geologic Atlas of the Rocky Mountain Region, United States of America, edited by W. W. Mallory. Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, Denver. Weatherbase 2018 Climatic data, Ft. Lupton, Colorado. Electronic document, http http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php8?s=720850cityname=Fort-Lupton- Colorado-United-States-of-America, accessed January 8, 2018. West, E. 1998 The Contested Plains: Indians, Goldseekers, and the Rush to Colorado. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence. Cultural Resource Inventory 8-3 Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment 1 Weld County, Colorado Wood, John J. 1967 Archaeological Investigation in Northeastern Colorado Parts 1 and 2. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Colorado -Boulder. Yohe, R.M., II, and J.C. Woods 2002 The First Idahoans: A Paleoindian Context for Idaho. Idaho State Historical Society, Boise. Zier, Christian J. and Stephen M. Kalasz 1999 Colorado Prehistory: A Context for the Arkansas River Basin (with contributions by Mary W. Painter, Mark Mitchell, Amy Holmes, and Michael McFaul). Colorado Council of Professional Archaeologists, Denver. 8-4 Cultural Resource Inventory Erie to Frederick Pipeline Project, Segment I Weld County, Colorado This page intentionally left blank. Cultural Resource Inventory 8-5 Hello