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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20192164.tiffH PKUMAR Geotechnical Engineering I Engineering Geology Materials Testing I Environmental 10302 South Progress Way Parker, Colorado 80134 Phone: (303) 841-7119 Fax: (303) 841-7556 Email: hpkparker@kumarusarrn Office Locations: Parker, Glenwood Springs, and Saverthorne, Colorado GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING STUDY PROPOSED SECURECARE STORAGE FACILITY SOUTHEAST INTERSECTION OF COUNTY ROAD 5 & HIGHWAY 119 (EAST OF LONGMONT) WELD COUNTY, COLORADO Prepared By: Cuong Vu, Ph.D., P.E. Prepared for. NATIONAL STORAGE AFFILIATES 5200 DTC Parkway, Suite 200 Greenwood Village, e, o lorado 80111 Attn: Mr. Matt Wess Project No. 17-8.141 Reviewed By: Richard C. Hepworth, P.E. March 29, 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY t F 1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF STUDY 1 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION 4a.. t 2 SITE CONDITIONS 0 ......, 2 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ... t t2 GEOTECHN1CAL ENGINEERING ONSIDEi TION SPREAD FOOTINGS ..t * 4 FLOOR SUPPORT 5 SITE FLATWORK ...,.5 SITE GRADING �� ., ., 6 WATER-SOLUBLE SULFATES 7 PAVEMENT DESIGN ......7 SURFACE DRAINAGE 9 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT SERVICES 9 LIMITATIONS r10 FIG. '1 - SITE LOCATION FIG. 2 - BORING LOCATIONS FIG. 3 - BORING LOGS FIG. 4 - BORING LEGEND AND NOTES FIG. 5 to 8 - SWELL -COMPRESSION TEST RESULTS TABLE I - SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS H -P UMAR SUMMARY The subsoil conditions encountered at the site are fairly uniform. In borings B1 to B6 and B8 to B9, they consisted of a thin layer of topsoil underlain by interbedded claystone and sandstone bedrock or sandstone bedrock to a depth of 15 feet, the maximum depth drilled. In borings 8 7 and B10 to B12, the soils consisted of a thin layer of topsoil underlain by sandy clay or clayey sand fill in Boring 612 underlain by sandstone bedrock to a depth of 20 feet, the maximum depth drilled. Based on the blow counts the clays are stiff to very stiff and the bedrock is firm to very hard. 2. Spread footings are the recommended foundation system for the proposed self -storage units and office building. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF STUDY This report presents the results of a geotechnical engineering study for the proposed Securecare Storage Facility on Highway 119 southeast of the intersection with County Road 5 in Weld County, Colorado. The facility includes 9 storage buildings, one office building, parking lot and driveways. The subsurface study was conducted for the purpose of developing foundation and pavement thickness design recommendations. The project location is shown on Figure 1. The study was conducted in accordance with the scope of work in our proposal to National Storage Affiliates dated January 2, 2017. A field exploration program consisting of twelve exploratory borings was conducted to obtain information on subsurface conditions. Samples of the soils and bedrock obtained during the field exploration were tested in the laboratory to determine their classification and engineering characteristics. The results of the field exploration and laboratory testing were analyzed to develop recommendations forfoundation types, depths and allowable pressures for the proposed Securecare Storage Facility. The results of the field exploration and laboratory testing are presented in this report. H. P tKU MAR PROPOSED ED O N TRU T ION The Securecare Storage Facility is to be located southeast of the intersection of County Road and Highway 119 in Weld County, Colorado. It is our understanding that the facility includes 9 storage buildings, one office building, parking lot and driveways. The proposed site development is shown on Figure 2. We assume slab -on -grade floors and frame construction. Foundation loads are expected to be light. Due to the topography, there will be cut and fill to create level building sites. If the proposed construction varies significantly from that described above or depicted in this report, we should be notified to reevaluate the recommendations provided in this report. SITE CONDITIONS The site is located east of Longmont on Highway 119 in Weld County, Colorado. The 6.2 acre site is currently vacant. An existing cell tower is located on south side of the lot. The ground surface generally slopes down to the northeast. East of the west property boundary an abrupt downward slope trending south for about Y2 of the lot and then trends east. The ground surface below the bank slopes more gently to the northeast. The height of this bank is about 10 feet. The total elevation difference across the lot is about 30 feet. Vegetation consists of sparse native grass and weeds. SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS The field exploration for the project was conducted on March 9, 2017. Twelve exploratory borings were drilled at the locations shown on Figure 2, to explore subsurface conditions. Elevations were determined from contours on the site plan provided by the client. Logs of the exploratory borings and a legend and notes, are presented on Figures 3A, 3B and 4. The borings were advanced through the overburden soils and underlying bedrock with 4 -inch diameter continuous flight augers. The borings were logged by a representative of H-P/KUMAR. Samples of the soils and bedrock materials were taken with a 2 -inch I.D "California", and a standard 1 3/8 -inch I.D. split spoon samplers. The samplers were driven into the various strata with blows from a 140 -pound hammer falling 30 inches. This test is similar to the standard H-� UMAR penetration test described by ASST 'I Method 0 1586. Penetration resistance values, when properly evaluated, indicate the relative density or consistency of the soils. Depths at which the samples were taken and the penetration resistance values are shown on the right side of the logs on Figures 3A and 3B. The results of laboratory tests performed on selected samples obtained from the borings are shown to the right side of the logs on Figures 3A and 3B, and are summarized in Table 1. Samples obtained from the borings were visually classified in the laboratory by the project engineer and samples were selected for laboratory testing. Laboratory testing included index property tests, such as moisture content (ASTM D 2216), unit weight, grain size analysis (ASTM D 422) and liquid and plastic limits (ASTM D 4318). The subsoil conditions encountered at the site were fairly uniform. In borings B1 to B6 and BB to B9, they consisted of a thin layer of topsoil underlain by interbedded claystone and sandstone bedrock or sandstone bedrock to the depth of 15 feet, the maximum depth drilled. In borings B 7 and B10 o to 812, the soils consisted of a thin layer of topsoil underlain by sandy clay or clayey sand fill in Boring B12 underlain by sandstone bedrock to a depth of 20 feet, the maximum depth drilled. Based on the blow counts the clays are stiff to very stiff and the bedrock is firm to very hard. Swell -compression tests were performed on selected samples. The results are shown on Figures 5 to 8. The samples were wetted under a surcharge pressure of 1,000 psf. The results show the soils have a low swe l l potential. Groundwater was not encountered during the exploration. Water levels can fluctuate during wetter years or due to heavy precipitation. GE0TECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS TIONS Based on the proposed construction and the subsoil conditions encountered, we recommend the structures be supported on spread footings. The following design and construction details should be observed. f -I- P UMAR SPREAD FOOTINGS The design and construction criteria presented below should be observed for a spread footing foundation system. The construction details should be considered when preparing project documents. Some of the footings will be supported on the compacted fill resulting from site grading 1. Spread footings bearing on the undisturbed sandstone, claysto ne or sandy clay or compacted fill may be designed for an allowable bearing pressure of 2,600 psf. Settlement of the footing is estimated to be on the order of one inch or less. Differential movements across the structure are estimated to be about the same magnitude. If excessive wetting of the foundation soils occurs settlement could be greater. 2. If a structure will have water usage, we recommend over excavation the foundation soil by at least two feet and compaction to 98 percent of the maximum standard Proctor (ATM 698) density 3. Continuous foundation walls should be reinforced top and bottom to span an unsupported length of 10 feet to compensate for soil anomalies. 4. For footings or pads bearing on the foundation soils, the resistance to sliding at the base of the footings and pads may be calculated using a coefficient of friction of 0.35 times the normal dead weight. Passive pressure against the sides of the footings may be calculated using an equivalent fluid unit weight of 250 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) for backfill consisting of compacted soils from the site excavation. The coefficient of friction and passive pressure values recommended above assume ultimate soil strength. Suitable factors of safety should be included in the design to limit the strain that will occur at the ultimate strength, particularly in the case of passive resistance. Backfill adjacent to footings should be similar to the native soil and compacted to at least 95 percent of the maximum standard Proctor density. 5. Footings should have a minimum width of 16 inches for continuous walls and 2 feet for isolated pads. 6. For foundation or retaining walls that are restrained should be designed for lateral earth pressure based on an equivalent fluid weighing 55 pounds per cubic foot (pcf). Walls that are free to rotate may be designed for an equivalent fluid weight of 45 pcf. i--r P U MA R 7. Any fill, not paced during the site grading, or loose onsite ite soil should be removed and replaced compacted to at least 98 percent of the maximum standard Proctor dry density at a moisture content within 2 percent of optimum. 8. Exterior footings beneath unheated areas should be provided with adequate soil cover above the bearing elevation for frost protection. Placement of frost walls or foundations at least 36 inches below exterior grade is typically used in this area. 9. A representative of the geotechnical l engineer should observe all foundation excavations prior to forming for concrete placement to confirm bearing conditions. FLOOR SUPPORT To reduce the effects of some differential movement, slabs -on -grade should beseparated from all bearing walls and columns with expansion joints which allow unrestrained vertical movement. Slip joints should be provided below partition walls bearing on the slab. This detail is important for the wallboard and trim. Floor slab control joints should be used to reduce damage due to shrinkage cracking. The requirements for joint spacing and slab reinforcement should be established by the designer based on experience and the intended slab use. Where plumbing lines enter through the floor, a positive bond break should be provided. Flexible connections allowing at least 2 inches of movement should be provided for slab -bearing mechanical equipment. SITE FLATWRI The natural on -site soils, exclusive of topsoil, are suitable to support lightly to moderately loaded slab -on -grade construction. To reduce the effects of some differential movement, slabs should be separated from all bearing walls and columns with expansion joints which allow unrestrained vertical movement. Slab control joints should be used to reduce damage due to shrinkage cracking, Joint spacing is dependent on slab thickness, concrete aggregate size, and slump, and should be consistent with recognized guidelines such as those of the Portland Cement Association (PC) and American Concrete Institute (AC1). The joint spacing and slab reinforcement should be established by the designer based on experience and the intended slab use. All fill materials for support of slabs should be placed and compacted according to the criteria H�f UMAR presented in "Site Grading." The suitability of the on -site soils for use as under slab fill is also discussed ° - "Site Grading." SITE GRADING General The following recommendations should be followed for grading, site preparation, and fill compaction. 1. All import and: onsite backfill should be approved by the geotechnical engineer. 2. Where fill is to be placed, loose or otherwise unsuitable material, including topsoil and vegetation should be removed prior to placement of new fill. Native subgrade below base gravel should be graded flat without depressions. 3. Soils should be compacted with appropriate equipment for the lift thickness placed, typically 8 -inches loose, or less. 4. The following compaction requirements should be used: SOIL TYPE - Compaction Percent TYPE OF FILL MOISTURE PLACEMENT CONTENT ATM D-698 Standard Proctor) Below Footings, -2% Optimum to +2% of Suitable onsite or — 98% Import Fill min Below Slab Concrete -on -Grade Flatwork, -2% to Optimum +2% o Suitable onsite or — 95% Import Fill min Landscape Areas -2% to Optimum +2% of I Onsite or Import Fill — 90% Utility Trenches As they apply to the finished area Suitability of On -site Soil The onsite sandstone, claystone and sandy clay are suitable for use as fill at the site for foundations and slabs provided the moisture and compaction specifications listed above are followed. All fill should be processed so that it does not contain fragments larger than 2 inches in diameter, and should be moisture conditioned and compacted according to the specifications listed above. H -P UMAR Import Structural Fill Class 6 or 6 base course can be used as import structural fills Any import should be non - expansive, and should consist of minus 2 -inch material having less than 15 percent passing the No. 200 sieve, a liquid limit less than 30, and a plasticity index less than 15. WATER-SOLUBLE OLUBLESULFATES The concentration of water-soluble sulfates measured in samples of the on -site bedrock was 0.065 to 0.135%. This concentration of waters -soluble sulfates represent a Class 0 severity exposure to sulfate attack on concrete exposed to these materials. The degree of attack is based on a range of Class 0, Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 severity exposure as presented in A 1201. Based on the laboratory test results, we believe special sulfate resistant cement will generally not be required for concrete exposed to the bedrock or fills consisting of the bedrock. PAVEMENT DESIGN A pavement section is a layered system designed to distribute concentrated traffic loads to the subgrade. Performance of the pavement structure is directly related to the physical properties of the subgrade soils and traffic loadings. Soils are represented for pavement design purposes by means of a resilient modulus value (MR) for flexible pavements and a modulus of subgrade reaction (k) for rigid pavements. Both values are empirically related to strength. Sub_grade Materials: Based on the results of the field exploration and laboratory test data, the existing subgrade materials at the site generally classify as A-6 soils with group indices ranging from 7 to 16, in accordance with the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials A A HTO) classification system. Soils classifying as A-6 would generally be considered to provide fair to poor subgrade support. For design purposes, a resilient modulus value of 3,025 psi was selected for flexible pavements. Design Traffic: It appears that daily traffic at the site will be limited to automobiles, pickup trucks and delivery trucks on a routine basis, and trash trucks and fire trucks on an intermittent basis. For pavement thickness design calculations we have assumed an equivalent .18 -kip daily load application (EDLA) of 3 for pavement areas subject to light vehicle traffic, such as parking areas, and 10 for pavements subject to traffic consisting of trash trucks and other infrequent miscellaneous heavy trucks. H- P UMAR Asphalt and Concrete Pavement Sections: Asphalt and concrete pavement sections were determined in accordance with the 1993 AASHTO pavement design procedure. Based on this procedure, we recommend that areas subject to light vehicle traffic constructed with 5.5 inches of full -depth asphalt pavement, or a composite pavement section consisting of 5 inches of asphalt over 4 inches of compacted aggregate base course material. We recommend that pavements subject to traffic consisting of fire trucks and other infrequent miscellaneous heavy trucks be constructed with 6.5 inches of full -depth asphalt pavement, or a composite pavement section consisting of 5 inches of asphalt over 6 inches of compacted aggregate base course material. In lieu of an asphalt pavement section, a TO -inch Portland cement concrete pavement section can be used. Concrete pavement should contain sawed or formed joints to IA of the depth of the slab at a maximum distance of 12 to 15 feet on center. Concrete slabs used in delivery or trash collection areas should also be at least 7 inches in thickness underlain with 4 inches of Aggregate Base Course. Pavement Material Recommendations: The asphalt mix should meet the latest requirements of the CDOT Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction. The asphalt placed for the project should be designed in accordance with the SuperPave gyratory mix design method. The mix should meet Grading S or SX requirements, A SuperPave gyratory design revolution (NDES) of 75 should be used in the design process. A PG 64-22 asphalt binder should be used for the asphalt mix. Concrete pavement should meet CDOT Class P specifications and requirements. Subgrade Preparation: Pavement subgrade conditions are projected to generally consist of sandy lean clay fill and interbedded claysto ne, siltstone and sandstone bedrock exhibiting low to moderate potential for expansion upon wetting or settlement of existing fill. To limit potentially excessive pavement movement due to possible moisture -related expansion of the bedrock or compression of fill, we recommend that the upper 12 inches of any existing fill and bedrock underlying pavements should be scarified and adjusted a moisture content between -2 and +2 percentage points of optimum and recompacted to at least 95% of the standard Proctor maximum dry density (ASTM D 698). The pavement subgrade should be proof rolled with a heavily -loaded pneumatic -tired vehicle. Pavement design procedures assume a stable subgrade. Areas that deform excessively under heavy wheel loads are not stable and should be removed and replaced to achieve a stable subgrade prior to paving. M-P�UMAR Drainage: The collection and diversion of surface drainage away from paved areas is extremely important to the satisfactory performance of pavement. Drainage design should provide for the removal of water from paved areas and prevent the welling of the subgrade soils. Maintenance: Periodic maintenance of paved areas is critical to achieve the design life of the pavement. Crack sealing should be performed annually as new cracks appear. Chip seals, fog seals, or slurry seals applied at approximate intervals of 3 to 5 years are usually necessary for asphalt. As conditions warrant, it may be necessary to perform patching and structural overlays at approximate 10 year intervals. Drainage: The collection and diversion of surface drainage away from paved areas is extremely important to the satisfactory performance of pavement. Drainage design should provide for the removal of water from paved areas and prevent the wetting of the subgrade soils. SURFACE DRAINAGE Proper surface drainage is very important for acceptable performance of the structures during construction and after the construction has been completed. Drainage recommendations provided by local, state and national entities should be followed based on the intended use of the structure. Exterior backfill should be adjusted to near optimum moisture content and compacted to at least 95 % of the ATM D 698 (standard Proctor) maximum dry density. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT SERVICES H-P/KUMAR should be retained to review the project plans and specifications for conformance with the recommendations provided in our report. We are also available to assist the design team in preparing specifications for geotechnical l aspects of the project, and performing additional studies if necessary to accommodate possible changes in the proposed construction. We recommend that H-P/KU MAR be retained to provide construction observation and testing services to document that the intent of this report and the requirements of the plans and specifications are being followed during construction. This will allow us to identify possible variations in subsurface conditions from those encountered during this study and to allow us to re-evaluate our recommendations, if needed. We will not be responsible for implementation of H P U MAR -10 - the recommendations presented in this report by others, if we are not retained to provide construction observation and testing services. LIMITATIONS This study has been conducted in accordance with generally accepted geotechnical engineering practices in this area for exclusive use by the client for design purposes. The conclusions and recommendations submitted in this report are based upon the data obtained from the exploratory boring at the location indicated on Fig. 1, and the proposed type of construction. This report may not reflect subsurface variations that occur between the exploratory borings, and the nature and extent of variations across the site may not become evident until site grading and excavations are performed. If during construction, fill, soil, rock or water conditions appear to be different from those described herein, H-F/UAR should be advised at once so that a re- evaluation of the recommendations presented in this report can be made. H-P/KU AR is not responsible for liability associated with interpretation of subsurface data by others. H-P/KUMAR Rev. RCH H. PJMAR V. ,bril or QS' • L 17-8-141 HP/KUMAR SECURE ARE STORAGE FACILITY Y SITE LOCATION i FI .1 ,Y - .,+aifr n V.: II. ATI 'lir 4 nri • 4 tr'F 0 i I I Van I Li al O cc C) O O z O co CO , N 1 MN a) 0) U. I ec CL a, O IIIIIIIII 1-m fa B-7 Elev. 4911.4 4915 4910 4905 4900 4895 4895 Ens 4895 8-8 Elev. 4909.5 15/12 MC = 12.5 CD=104 -200= 93 11=35 Pl=21 10112 MC = 21.4 -200= = 63 Pi- 5015 50/4 50/1 178-141 50/5 MC=11.9 11.9 NV PI =NP 50/6 MC =1.3.5 DD=110 SP -0.1 50/5 50/6 HP/KUMAR B-9 Elev. 49003 B40 Elev. 4910.0 50/4 MC = 8.2 CCU=103 -2OO-32 LL=NV PI = NP 5014 MC = 8.9 OD=88 W S=O.135 50/4 50/1 6/12 MC = 19.6 00=59.9 -20D- 5' 25/12 MC =12.7 DO = 1O3 -200= 47 LL = NV PI = NP 50/4 50/5 50/5 B -1l Elev. 4911 .8 8112 B-12 Bev, 4914.0 15/12 MC = 15.8 DD=109 -200= 49 50/6 50/4 SECURECARE STORAGE FACILITY BORING LOGS 4915 10/12 MC = 14.8 DD=95 -2CO= 14 15/12 4910 50/4 4905 50/4 4900 50/4 4895 4895 4895 ININIMIN 1 i i IIMMINI Ria it F I .313 ELgrim C E B-1 Elev. 4897.0 4900 4895 4890 4885 4880 L. 4875 24/12 B-2 Elev. 4891.3 37/12 j MC =16.0 DD=113 -MD_ 74 LL=38 PI =22 SP =0a5 50/6 50/6 17-8-141 50/10 MC =15.2 DD=114 - SP=0.1 50/6 50/6 50/6 H P/ii lAR B-3 Elev. 4894.8 50/10 50/6 MD=14,1 DI3--- 4118 . - C0= 7YYlMVVVi LL==35 PI-18 SP = 0.3 50/6 B-4 Elev. 4898.5 50 MD =13.2 DD=107 -200=38 B- B-6 Elev. 4897.8 Elev, 4895.0 50/5 MC =14.5 DD=117 WSS = 0.065 SP=0.0 50/5 50/5 50/6 MC = 13.5 DO = 112 -200= 39 LL = h!' ► PI =NP 50/5 MC= 14.4 DD=108 SP= -0.1 50/5 50/6 SECURECARE RE STORAGE FACILITY BORING LOGS 4900 4895 50/6 50/5 I ID = 72489o3. DD = 110 -2)0= 37 1,1011 SP =02 50/3 50/6 Aim 4885 4880 4875 E1 .3A LEGEND I Topsoil, clayey, moist, brown, with grass/weed cover. Fill, clayey sand, fine to gravel, moist, dark brown. Clay (CL), sandy, moist, fine to coarse, medium stiff to stiff, medium plasticity, brown Interbeded claystone and sandstone, fine grained, firm to very hard, moist, tan brown. Sandstone, fine grained, firm to very hard, moist, tan brown. 13 1 0/1 2 Indicates 2 -inch I.D. California sampler. 10/12 indicates 10 blows of a 140 -pound hammer falling 30 inches were required to drive the sampler 12 inches. 5014 Indicates standard split spoon sampler, 1 3/8 -inch ID. 50/4 indicates 50 blows of a 140 -pound hammer falling 30 inches were required to drive the sampler 4 inches. NOTES: 1. Field work was conducted March 9, 2017. The Borings were drilled and sampled using a truck mounted CME 45 Drill Rig. 2. Locations of borings shown on Figure 2 are approximate. 3. Elevations of borings were obtained from contours onsite plan provided by client. 4. The lines between strata represent approximate boundaries and transitions may be gradual. 5. Free water was not encountered at the time of drilling. Water table is expected to fluctuate seasonally, and with changes in climate. 6. Laboratory Testing Results: MC = moisture content of sample in percent of the dry weight. DD = dry unit weight of sample in pcf. -200 = percent of silt and clay fraction. LL = liquid limit PI = placticity index WSS =water soluble sulfates in percent. SP = percent of swell under a 1,000 psf surcharge after wetting. Negative swell indicates compression on wetting. 17-8 -141 HP/KUMAR MAR SECURECARE STORAGE FACILITY LEGEND AND NOTES FIG.4 4.0 3.0 2.0 W 1.0 z 0.0 0 LU EL -2.0 0 0 -3.0 -4.0 _ 0.1 [From: Boring B-1 at 4 feet Sample of: Claystone Bedrock Moisture Content = 16.0 % Dry Unit Weight = 113 pcf -200=74%,LL=38, Pi=22 Expansion on wetting i 1 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 g 0.0 co Co -1.o It 0 2 -2 .0 o 0 - 3.0 - 4.0 0.1 17-8-141 100 = 59 of: Weight iFtoringB-2at2feet Sample Moisture Dry -200 Unit Claystone Content = = 114 15.2% Bedrock pcf Expansion on wetting 1 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) H-P/KUMAR 100 m SECURE ARE STORAGE FACILITY SWELL -COMPRESSION TEST RESULTS FIG. 5 4.0 3.0 2.0 J W 1,0 U) z 0.0 Cl) W -1.0 0_ 2 -2.0 O 0 -3.0 -4.0 0.1 From: Sample Moisture Dry -200 II Unit = Boring 56%, of: Content Weight Claystone LL B-3 = at = = 118 35 4 14.1 feet PI pcf Bedrock = 18 I� Expansion on wetting mg Ifl - IIII 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) 100 4.0 3.0 ZiLti 2.0 1.0 0.0 w -1.0 0 M -2 0 a • 0 -3.0 -4.0 0.1 From: Sample Moisture Cary Unit Boring of: Sandstone Content Weight B-4 = at = 117 14.5% 4 feet Bedrock pcf �. ..� - L I I change on � wetting I 1 �I No I I I r V n I I I I 1 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) 100 17-8-141 H-P/KUMAR SECURECARE STORAGE FACILITY SWELL -COMPRESSION TEST RESULTS FIG. 6 J _ 4.0 3.0 2.0 w 1.0 C9 z 0.0 0 -1.0 _ 1 it 0 -2.0 O 0 -3.0 -4.0 0.1 From: Sample Moisture Dry -S at = = 108 Unit Boring of: Content Weight Sandstone B 4 feet 14.4 pcf Bedrock Compression i on wetting i 1 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) 100 4.0 3.0 w -1.0 it o -2.3 0 -3.0 4.0 0.1 From: Sample Moisture D Unit Boring of: Weight Sandstone Content B-6 = at = 110 13.2% 4 feet Bedrock pcf Expansion on wetting liii I ,....... ! II lirrl , i 1 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) 100 17-8-141 H-P/KUMAR MAR SECURECARE STORAGE FACILITY SWELL -COMPRESSION TEST RESULTS SIG. 7 4.0 3.0 2.0 J w 1.0 Co z 0.0 O W -1 0 at 0 2 -2.0 C 0 -3.0 -4.0 0.1 From: Sample Moisture Dry Unit Boring of: Content Weight Sandstone B-8 at = = 110 4 13.6 Bedrock feet pcf Compression on wetting I�I I 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) 100 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 -3,0 -4.0 10 w -5.0 EL -6.0 -7.0 -8.0 -9.0 0,1 IFrom: Sample Boring of: B-9 Sandstone at 4 feet Bedrock Moisture Dry Unit Content Weight = 8.9% = 88 cf - 1 Compression on wetting II I i I � nil t t 1 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (KSF) 100 17-8-141 H-P/KUMAR SECURECARE STORAGE FACILITY SWELL -COMPRESSION TEST RESULTS FIG. 8 HP/KU MAR N d 4 aci USDA United States =�"-- Department of — Agriculture ARCS Natural Resources Conservation Service A product of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local participants Custom Soil Resource Report for Weld County, Colorado, Southern Part SecureCare Lot B Ex. #1313 -9 -2 - RE -2-3232 March 112017 Contents Preface 2 How Soil Surveys A►re Made 5 Soil Map 8 Soil Map 9 Legend 10 Map Unit Legend 11 Map Unit Descriptions 11 Weld County, Colorado, Southern Part 13 8 —Ascalon loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes 13 10—Bankard sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded 14 13—Cascajo gravelly sandy loam, 5 to 20 percent slopes 16 References 18 4 How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity. Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA. The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape. Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil -vegetation -landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries. Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil 5 Custom Soil Resource Report scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research. The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil -landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil -landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties. While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field -observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil. Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and 6 Custom Soil Resource Report identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately. Soil Map The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit. 8 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Map 498490 498520 498550 498580 499610 498640 49®670 40° 9' 36" N 4 0 f1 4 40° 9' 25" N 105` 1 4 4U 4 98520 498550 499610 498640 498670 1050 1' 4" ud N 'ap may not be valid at thsis scale - Map Scale: 1:957 if printed on B portrait (11" x 17") sheet. Meters 0 10 20 40 60 C C G 40° 9' 36" N C° 9'25'N A Feet 0 45 90 180 270 Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WG584 Edge tics: UTM Zone 13N WG584 9 Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils O Soil Map Unit Polygons Soil Map Unit Lines Soil Map Unit Points Special Point Features tv Blowout Borrow Pit Clay Spot Closed Depression Gravel Pit Gravelly Spot Landfill Lava Flow Marsh or swamp Mine or Quarry Miscellaneous Water Perennial Water Rock Outcrop Saline Spot Sandy Spot Severely Eroded Spot Sinkhole Slide or Slip Sodic Spot .74 4:4 74 0 O V a i • 90 0 324 Spoil Area Stony Spot Very Stony Spot Wet Spot Other Special Line Features Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation Rails Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Background Aerial Photography MAP INFORMATION The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857) Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accurate calculations of distance or area are required. This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Weld County, Colorado, Southern Part Survey Area Data: Version 15, Sep 22, 2016 Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1:50,000 or larger. Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Mar 16, 2012 Apr 13, 2012 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. 10 Custom Soil Resource Report Map Unit Legend Weld County, Colorado, Southern Part (CO618) Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOl Percent of AOI 8 Ascalon slopes loam, 0 to 1 percent 2.3 31.7% 10 Ban kard percent flooded sandy slopes, loam, frequently 0 to 3 1.4 18.5% 13 Cascajo to 20 gravelly sandy percent slopes loam, 5 3.7 49.7% Totals for Area of Interest 7.4 100.0% Map Unit Descriptions The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every► map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate 11 Custom Soil Resource Report pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha -Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. 12 Custom Soil Resource Report Weld County, Colorado, Southern Part 8 —Ascalon loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 2tl nq Elevation: 31 870 to 6;070 feet Mean annual precipitation: 13 to 16 inches Mean annual air temperature: 47 to 54 degrees F Frost -free period: 135 to 160 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Map Unit Composition Ascalon and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Ascalon Setting Landform: Terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear Parent material: Wind -reworked alluvium and/or calcareous sandy eolian deposits Typical profile Ap - 0 to 6 inches: loam Bt1 - 6 to 12 inches: sandy clay loam Bt2 - 12 to 19 inches: sandy clay loam Bk - 19 to 35 inches: fine sandy loam C - 35 to 80 inches: fine sandy loam Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 1 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: Negligible Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water 'sat,: Moderately► high to high (0.60 to 6.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 10 percent salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline (0.1 to 1.9 mmhos/cm) sodium adsorption ratio, maximum in profile: 1.0 Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.0 inches) interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 3e Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4c Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Loamy Plains (R067BY002CO) fydric soil rating: No 13 Custom Soil Resource Report Minor Components Olnest Percent of map unit: 10 percent Landform: Terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down -slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Sandy Plains (R067BY024CO) Hydric soil rating: No Nunn Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Terraces Landform position (three-dimensional) Tread Down -slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Loamy Plains (R067BY002CO) Hydric soil rating: No 10 Bankard sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, frequently flooded Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 2s61 n Elevation: 4,090 to 5,410 feet Mean annual precipitation: 12 to 17 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 52 degrees F Frost -free period: 130 to 160 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated and the product of I (soil erodibility) x C (climate factor) does not exceed 60 Map Unit Composition Bankard, frequently flooded, and similar soils: 80 percent Minor components: 20 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Bankard, Frequently Flooded Setting Landform: Flood plains, ephemeral streams Down -slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear Parent material: Sandy alluvium Typical profile A - 0 to 2 inches: sandy loam AC - 2 to 9 inches: sandy loam Cl - 9 to 17 inches: loamy sand C2 - 17 to 80 inches: sand Custom Soil Resource Report Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained Runoff class: Very low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (2.00 to 6.00 inlhr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: Frequent Frequency of ponding: n din g: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 10 percent salinity; maximum in profile: Nonsaline (0.0 to 1.9 mmhoslcm) Available water storage in profile: Low (about 3.5 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 6s Land capability classification (non irrigated): 6s Hydrologic Soil Group: A Ecological site: Sandy Bottomland (R067BY03 1 CO) Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Glenberg, rarely flooded Percent of map unit: 8 percent Landform: Flood -plain steps, ephemeral streams Down -slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear Ecological site: Sandy Bottomland (R0 7BYg 1 O) Hydric soil rating: No Kitcarson, frequently flooded Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Flood plains, ephemeral streams Down -slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear, concave Ecological site: Wet Meadow (R067BY036CC) Hydric soil rating: No Alda, frequently flooded Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Flood plains Down -slope shape: Concave Across -slope shape: Concave Ecological site: Salt Meadow (R067BY035CO) Hydric soil rating: No Las animas, frequently flooded Percent of map unit: 2 percent Landform: Flood plains, ephemeral streams Down -slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear, concave Ecological site: Salt Meadow (R072XY035CO) Hydric soil rating: No Custom Soil Resource Report 13 Cascajo gravelly sandy loam, 5 to 20 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 361 n Elevation: 4,600 to 5,200 feet Mean annual precipitation: 11 to 13 inches Mean annual air temperature: 52 to 54 degrees F Frost -free period: 120 to 160 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map UnitComposition Cascajo and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit Description of Cascajo Setting Landform: Ridges, terraces Down -slope shape: Linear Across -slope shape: Linear Parent material: Calcareous gravelly alluvium Typical profile HI - 0 to 9 inches: gravelly sandy loam H2 - 9 to 31 inches: extremely gravelly sandy loam H3 - 31 to 60 inches: very gravelly sand Properties and qualities Slope: 5 to 20 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Natural drainage class: Excessively drained Runoff class: Low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (`sat): High (2.00 to 6.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 25 percent salinity maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhosicm) Available water storage in profile: Low (about 4.1 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 75 Hydrologic Sod Group: A Ecological site: Gravel Breaks (R067BY06 O) Hydric soil rating: No Custom Soil Resource Report Minor Components Renohill Percent of map unit: 8 percent Hydric soil rating: No Samsil Percent of map unit: 7 percent Hydric soil rating: No Hello