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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20202868.tiff2 0 2 O WELD COUNTY PROPERTY ASSESSMENT STUDY Co Ntftun;cot7vnS 09/2 /20 WILD' • E .\1'1'14 ‘1s 1l ��� l►FtF'clk �2 F.[> Audit Division cc: wsR(4K) o°I /16 /20 2020-2868 WILDROSE APPRAISAL IACORPOR%TED Audit Division September 15, 2020 Ms. Natalie Mullis Director of Research Colorado Legislative Council Room 029, State Capitol Building Denver, Colorado 80203 RE: Final Report for the 2020 Colorado Property Assessment Study Dear Ms. Mullis: Wildrose Appraisal Inc. -Audit Division is pleased to submit the Final Reports for the 2020 Colorado Property Assessment Study. These reports are the result of two analyses: A procedural audit and a statistical audit. The procedural audit examines all classes of property. It specifically looks at how the assessor develops economic areas, confirms and qualifies sales, develops time adjustments and performs periodic physical property inspections. The audit reviews the procedures for determining subdivision absorption and subdivision discounting. Valuation methodology is examined for residential properties and commercial properties. Procedures are reviewed for producing mines, oil and gas leaseholds and lands producing, producing coal mines, producing earth and stone products, severed mineral interests, and non - producing patented mining claims. Statistical audits are performed on vacant land, residential properties, commercial/industrial properties and agricultural land. A statistical analysis is performed for personal property compliance on the eleven largest counties: Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, Douglas, El Paso, Jefferson, Larimer, Mesa, Pueblo and Weld. The remaining counties receive a personal property procedural study. Wildrose Appraisal Inc. — Audit Division appreciates the opportunity to be of service to the State of Colorado. Please contact us with any questions or concerns. 1'1 Harry J. Fuller Project Manager Wildrose Appraisal Inc. — Audit Division WILD • ' .E APPRMSAI.. hcoRp avrtsr Audit Division TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 3 Regional/Historical Sketch of Weld County 4 Ratio Analysis 6 Time Trending Verification 8 Sold/Unsold Analysis 9 Agricultural Land Study 11 Agricultural Land 11 Agricultural Outbuildings 12 Agricultural Land Under Improvements 13 Sales Verification 14 Economic Area Review and Evaluation 16 Natural Resources 17 Earth and Stone Products 17 Producing Oil and Gas 17 Vacant Land 18 Possessory Interest Properties 19 Personal Property Audit 20 Wildrose Auditor Staff 22 Appendices 2 3 2020 \Veld County Property esalnen[ Studv Page 2 ft WILD ' $ E APPRAISAL IMCOI POAATEI) Pkir Audit Division INTRODUCTION It olo The State Board of Equalization (SBOE) reviews assessments for conformance to the Constitution. The SBOE will order revaluations for counties whose valuations do not reflect the proper valuation period level of value. The statutory basis for the audit is found in C.R.S. 39-1-104 (16)(a)(b) and (c). The legislative council sets forth two criteria that are the focus of the audit group: To determine whether each county assessor is applying correctly the constitutional and statutory provisions, compliance requirements of the State Board of Equalization, and the manuals published by the State Property Tax Administrator to arrive at the actual value of each class of property. To determine if each assessor is applying correctly the provisions of law to the actual values when arriving at valuations for assessment of all locally valued properties subject to the property tax. The property assessment audit conducts a two- part analysis: A procedural analysis and a statistical analysis. The procedural analysis includes all classes of property and specifically looks at how the assessor develops economic areas, confirms and qualifies sales, and develops time adjustments. The audit also examines the procedures for adequately discovering, classifying and valuing agricultural outbuildings, discovering subdivision build -out and subdivision discounting procedures. Valuation methodology for vacant land, improved residential properties and commercial properties is examined. Procedures for producing mines, oil and gas leaseholds and lands producing, producing coal mines, producing earth and stone products, severed mineral interests and non -producing patented mining claims are also reviewed. Statistical analysis is performed on vacant land, residential properties, commercial/industrial properties, agricultural land, and personal property. The statistical study results are compared with State Board of Equalization compliance requirements and the manuals published by the State Property Tax Administrator. Wildrose Audit has completed the Property Assessment Study for 2020 and is pleased to report its findings for Weld County in the following report. 2021) \Veld County Property \ :,cssinetit Slndv— WILD E APPRAISAL_ INCORPORATED Audit Division REGIONAL/HISTORICAL SKETCH OF WELD COUNTY Regional Information Weld County is located in the Front Range region of Colorado. The Colorado Front Range is a colloquial geographic term for the populated areas of the State that are just east of the foothills of the Front Range. It includes I MOFFAT 41 RIO BLANCO 52 • MESA 39 RO UTT Craig • f 54 • Steamboat Spgs Meeker • GARFIELD 23 Glenwood Spgs Grand Junction DELTA 15 • Delta Montrose • M0NTROSE 43 • i OU RAY Walden • Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Broomfield, Denver, Douglas, El Paso, Jefferson, Larimer, Pueblo, and Weld counties. JACKSON 29 Eagle • EAGLE 19 PITKIN • 49 Aspen ti GRAND 25 Hot Sulphur cpri»gs LARIMER 35 • Ft. Collins 7 BOULDER • Boulder SW' IN 4 cursetow CLEAR GREEK SUMMI 1O 59 *BP kenridge Le Wilt LAKE 33 Fairplay • PARK 47 GUNNISON CHAFFEE • Gunnison Salida • 4c • SAN MIGUEL Ouray HINSDALE Lake City 27 Dove Creek • DOL0RES 17 X57 Telluride iWetton SAN JUAN Cortez • • Durango MONTEZUMA LA PLATA 34 42 • Creede MINERAL 40 Del Norte RIO G RA N DE 53 Golden • JEFFERSON 30 • WELD 62 • Greeley MORGAN 44 Fort Morgan LOGAN 38 • Ster/ng Julurg SEDGWICK CK Holyoke 48• PHILUPS OMFIR D 80 ADAMS DENVER 3 16 ARAPAH OE Akron • WASHINGTON 61 Wray • YUMA 63 Castle Rock • DOUGLAS 18 hiowa 2® • ELBERT SAC UACHE 55 Saguache • TELLER 60 Colorado Spgs L• Cripple 'Creek FREMONT• 22 Canon City EL PASO 21 Hugo LINCOLN 37 • Burlington 1 KIT CARSON 32 Cheyenne CH EVENNE •ells 9 Westc title •CUSTER 14 Z _ Pagosa Spgs AR CH U LETA lit \ 4 A LAMOSA 2 41am0sa CON EJOS 11 •Conejos COSTILLA 12 • San Luis Pueblo • PUEBLO 51 HUERFANO 20 • Walsenburg Trinidad • CROWLEY 13 Qrdway La Junta • OTERO 46 Eads • KIOWA 31 Las Animas • BENT 6 Lamar • PROW ERS 50 LAS ANIMAS 36 Springfield • BACA 5 20.11) Weld County Property Assessment Study — Page 4 OpWILD 'O.E , arrausu. INCORPORATED Audit Division Historical Information Weld County had an estimated population of approximately 294,932 people with 73.97 people per square mile, according to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2016 estimated census data. This represents a 16.65 percent change from April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2016. Weld County covers an area of 4,004 square miles in north central Colorado. It is bordered on the north by Wyoming and Nebraska and on the south by the Denver metropolitan area. The third largest county in Colorado, Weld County has an area greater than that of Rhode Island, Delaware and the District of Columbia combined. Major Stephen H. Long made an expedition to the area now known as Weld County in 1821. In 1835 a government expedition came through the general area; the next year a member of that party, Lt. Lancaster Lupton, returned to establish a trading post located just north of the present town of Fort Lupton. In 1837 Colonel Ceran St. Vrain established Fort St. Vrain; Fort Vasquez was built south of Platteville about 1840. The latter was rebuilt in the 1930's by the State Historical Society. The county seat is Greeley which began as the Union Colony, which was founded in 1869 as an experimental utopian community of "high moral standards" by Nathan C. Meeker, a newspaper reporter from New York City. Meeker purchased a site at the confluence of the Cache la Poudre and South Platte Rivers (that included the area of Latham, an Overland Trail station), halfway between Cheyenne and Denver along the tracks of the Denver Pacific Railroad formerly known as the "Island Grove Ranch." The name Union Colony was later changed to Greeley in honor of Horace Greeley, who was Meeker's editor at the New York Tribune, and popularized the phrase "Go West, young man." Weld County's cultural assets include Centennial Village, an authentic recreation of pioneer life on the Colorado plains. The Meeker Museum in Greeley is a national historic site. Fort Vasquez in southern Weld County has an exciting history as an early Colorado trading `post. The Greeley Philharmonic Orchestra is one of the oldest symphony orchestra west of the Mississippi. The University of Northern Colorado's Little Theatre of the Rockies is one of America's premier college dramatic organizations. (www.co.weld.co.us, www.wikipedia.org) 2020 Weld County 0n)1)crtv Esc ii ent Stud- Pate WILD'O,k :�PP8M3.iL I\RMPORIT r Audit Division RATIO ANALYSIS Methodolow All significant classes of properties were analyzed. Sales were collected for each property class over the appropriate sale period, which was typically defined as the 18 -month period between January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2018. Counties with less than 30 sales typically extended the sale period back up to 5 years prior to June 30, 2018 in 6 -month increments. If there were still fewer than 30 sales, supplemental appraisals were performed and treated as proxy sales. Residential sales for all counties using this method totaled at least 30 per county. For commercial sales, the total number analyzed was allowed, in some cases, to fall below 30. There were no sale quantity issues for counties requiring vacant land analysis or condominium analysis. Although it was required that we examine the median and coefficient of dispersion for all counties, we also calculated the weighted mean and price - related differential for each class of property. Counties were not passed or failed by these latter measures, but were counseled if there were anomalies noted during our analysis. Qualified sales were based on the qualification code used by each county, which were typically coded as either "Q" or "C." The ratio analysis included all sales. The data was trimmed for counties with obvious outliers using IAAO standards for data analysis. In every case, we examined the loss in data from trimming to ensure that only true outliers were excluded. Any county with a significant portion of sales excluded by this trimming method was examined further. No county was allowed to pass the audit if more than 5% of the sales were "lost" because of trimming. For the largest 11 counties, the residential ratio statistics were broken down by economic area as well. Conclusions For this final analysis report, the minimum acceptable statistical standards allowed by the State Board of Equalization are: ALLOWABLE STANDARDS RATIO GRID Property Class Commercial /Industrial Condominium Single Family Vacant Land Unweighted Median Ratio Between .95-1.05 Between .95-1.05 Between .95-1.05 Between .95-1.05 Coefficient of Dispersion Less than 20.99 Less than 15.99 Less than 15.99 Less than 20.99 2020 \Veld County Property Assessment Shiny — PaQc 6 IlkWILDRC�SE Avvwusu_ 1\C[NtF'OR\rED Audit Division The results for Weld County are: Weld County Ratio Grid Property Class Commercial /Industrial Condominium Single Family Vacant Land Number of Qualified Sales 290 N/A 10,875 Unweighted Median Ratio 1.000 N/A 0.972 353 0.989 Price Coefficient Related of Time Trend Differential Dispersion Analysis 1.025 8.2 Compliant N/A N/A N/A 1.006 5.6 Compliant 1.014 12.8 Compliant After applying the above described methodologies, it is concluded from the sales ratios that Weld County is in compliance with SBOE, DPT, and Colorado State Statute valuation guidelines. Recommendations None 2020 \Veld (A univ Property Asscs anent Study Pal;c 7 Oftp WILDRQSE AmILDa .s TED Audit Division TIME TRENDING VERIFICATION Methodology While we recommend that counties use the inverted ratio regression analysis method to account for market (time) trending, some counties have used other IAAO-approved methods, such as the weighted monthly median approach. We are not auditing the methods used, but rather the results of the methods used. Given this range of methodologies used to account for market trending, we concluded that the best validation method was to examine the sale ratios for each class across the appropriate sale period. To be specific, if a county has considered and adjusted correctly for market trending, then the sale ratios should remain stable (i.e. flat) across the sale period. If a residual market trend is detected, then the county may or may not have addressed market trending adequately, and a further examination is warranted. This validation method also considers the number of sales and the length of the sale period. Counties with few sales across the sale period were carefully examined to determine if the statistical results were valid. Conclusions After verification and analysis, it has been determined that Weld County has complied with the statutory requirements to analyze the effects of time on value in their county. Weld County has also satisfactorily applied the results of their time trending analysis to arrive at the time adjusted sales price (TASP). Recommendations None 2020 Weld County Property Assessment Study — Pale 8 IlikWDR( )SE APPRAILL N\CORPORATEI) Audit Division SOLD/UNSOLD ANALYSIS Methodoloav Weld County was tested for the equal treatment of sold and unsold properties to ensure that "sales chasing" has not occurred. The auditors employed a multi -step process to determine if sold and unsold properties were valued in a consistent manner. We test the hypothesis that the assessor has valued unsold properties consistent with what is observed with the sold properties based on several units of comparison and tests. The units of comparison include the actual value per square foot and the change in value from the previous base year period to the current base year. The first test compares the actual value per square foot between sold and unsold properties by class. The median and mean value per square foot is compared and tested for any significant difference. This is tested using non -parametric methods, such as the Mann -Whitney test for differences in the distributions or medians between sold and unsold groups. It is also examined graphically and from an appraisal perspective. Data can be stratified based on location and subclass. The second test compares the difference in the median change in value from the previous base year to the current base year between sold and unsold properties by class. The same combination of non -parametric and appraisal testing is used as with the first test. A third test employing a valuation model testing a sold/unsold binary variable while controlling for property attributes such as location, size, age and other attributes. The model determines if the sold/unsold variable is statistically and empirically significant. If all three tests indicate a significant difference between sold and unsold properties for a given class, the Auditor may meet with the county to determine if sale chasing is actually occurring, or if there are other explanations for the observed difference. If the unsold properties have a higher median value per square foot than the sold properties, or if the median change in value is greater for the unsold properties than the sold properties, the analysis is stopped and the county is concluded to be in compliance with sold and unsold guidelines. All sold and unsold properties in a given class are first tested, although properties with extreme unit values or percent changes can be trimmed to stabilize the analysis. The median is the primary comparison metric, although the mean can also be used as a comparison metric if the distribution supports that type of measure of central tendency. The first test (unit value method) is applied to both residential and commercial/industrial sold and unsold properties. The second test is applied to sold and unsold vacant land properties. The second test (change in value method) is also applied to residential or commercial sold and unsold properties if the first test results in a significant difference observed and/or tested between sold and unsold properties. The third test (valuation modeling) is used in instances where the results from the first two tests indicate a significant difference between sold and unsold properties. It can also be used when the number of sold and unsold properties is so large that the non - parametric testing is indicating a false rejection of the hypothesis that there is no difference between the sold and unsold property values. These tests were supported by both tabular and graphics presentations, along with written documentation explaining the methodology used. 2020 \Feld County Property Assessment Study Page 9 ilkWILD ' O. E Avr�w.vaL i\CORPoRAreo Audit Division Sold/Unsold Results Property Class Commercial /Industrial Condominium Single Family Vacant Land Results Compliant N/A Compliant Compliant Conclusions Recommendations After applying the above described None methodologies, it is concluded that Weld County is reasonably treating its sold and unsold properties in the same manner. 2020 Weld. County Property Assessment Study — Page 10 E 1\ccHPO t.VTLI Audit Division AGRICULTURAL LAND STUDY Acres By Subclass r Waste 4.23% Grail n 49.71% SPri ntFi 8.50% Flood 10.18% Mead wr Hay 0.63% Dry Farm 28.77% 60,000,000 50,000,000 40.000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 0 Value By Subclass /°o et? aDy ��9 ay Agricultural Land County records were reviewed to determine major land categories such as irrigated farm, dry farm, meadow hay, grazing and other lands. In addition, county records were reviewed in order to determine if: Aerial photographs are available and are being used; soil conservation guidelines have been used to classify lands based on productivity; crop rotations have been documented; typical commodities and yields have been determined; orchard lands have been properly classified and valued; expenses reflect a ten year average and are typical landlord expenses; grazing lands have been properly classified and valued; the number of acres in each class and subclass have been determined; the capitalization rate was properly applied. Also, documentation was required for the valuation methods used and any locally developed yields, carrying capacities, and expenses. Records were also checked to ensure that the commodity prices and expenses, furnished by the Property Tax Administrator (PTA), were applied properly. (See Assessor Reference Library Volume 3 Chapter 5.) Conclusions An analysis of the agricultural land data indicates an acceptable appraisal of this property type. Directives, commodity prices and expenses provided by the PTA were properly applied. County yields compared favorably to those published by Colorado Agricultural Statistics. Expenses used by the county were allowable expenses and were in an acceptable range. Grazing lands carrying capacities were in an acceptable range. The data analyzed resulted in the following ratios: 2020 Weld. County Property Assessment study -- Page 11 IlkWILD' O.E Arrwuau.. INCoemeAren Audit Division Weld County Agricultural Land Ratio Grid Number County County WRA Abstract Of Value Assessed Total Code Land Class Acres Per Acre Total Value Value Ratio 4107 Sprinkler 126,457 204.68 25,883,669 25,590,164 1.01 4117 Flood 197,686 262.74 51,939,915 51,996,530 1.00 4127 Dry Farm 559,765 36.97 20,695,400 20,470,463 1.01 4137 Meadow Hay 12,167 45.50 553,654 553,654 1.00 4147 Grazing 967,149 6.95 6,723,365 6,723,365 1.00 4167 Waste 82,397 2.39 196,583 196,583 1.00 Total/Avg 1,945,621 54.48 105,992,587 105,530,759 1.00 Recommendations None Agricultural Outbuildings Methodology Data was collected and reviewed to determine if the guidelines found in the Assessor's Reference Library (ARL) Volume 3, pages 5.74 through 5.77 were being followed. Conclusions Weld County has complied with the procedures provided by the Division of Property Taxation for the valuation of agricultural outbuildings. Recommendations None 2020 Weld County Property A :;essnient Study Page 12 OltWILDROSE APP L4.U_ I\COR{4NWTFD Audit Division Agricultural Land Under Improvements Methodology Data was collected and reviewed to determine if the guidelines found in the Assessor's Reference Library (ARL) Volume 3, pages 5.19 and 5.20 were being followed. Conclusions Weld County has used the following methods to discover land under a residential improvement on a farm or ranch that is determined to be not integral under 39-1-102, C.R.S.: • Questionnaires • Field Inspections • Phone Interviews • In -Person Interviews with Owners/Tenants • Written Correspondence other than Questionnaire • Personal Knowledge of Occupants at Assessment Date Weld County has used the following methods to discover the land area under a residential improvement that is determined to be not integral under 39-1-102, C.R.S.: • Property Record Card Analysis • Field Inspections • Phone Interviews • In -Person Interviews with Owners/Tenants • Written Correspondence other than Questionnaire • Personal Knowledge of Occupants at Assessment Date • Aerial Photography/Pictometry Weld County has complied with the procedures provided by the Division of Property Taxation for the valuation of land under residential improvements that may or may not be integral to an agricultural operation. Recommendations None 2020 \Veld County Property 1 :•tc,•ntent Study Pti�,e 13 fpWILD • O. E , APPRAISAL. INCORPORATED Audit Division SALES VERIFICATION According to Colorado Revised Statutes: A representative body of sales is required when considering the market approach to appraisal. (8) In any case in which sales prices of comparable properties within any class or subclass are utilized when considering the market approach to appraisal in the determination of actual value of any taxable property, the following limitations and conditions shall apply: (a)(1) Use of the market approach shall require a representative body of sales, including sales by a lender or government, sufficient to set a pattern, and appraisals shall r fect due consideration of the degree of comparability of sales, including the extent of similarities and dissimilarities among properties that are compared for assessment purposes. In order to obtain a reasonable sample and to reduce sudden price changes or fluctuations, all sales shall be included in the sample that reasonably r fect a true or typical sales price during the period specified in section 39-1-104 (10.2). Sales of personal property exempt pursuant to the provisions of sections 39-3- 102, 39-3-103, and 39-3-119 to 39-3-122 shall not be included in any such sample. (b) Each such sale included in the sample shall be coded to indicate a typical, negotiated sale, as screened and verified by the assessor. (39-1-103, C.R.S.) The assessor is required to use sales of real property only in the valuation process. (8)(f) Such true and typical sales shall include only those sales which have been determined on an individual basis to reflect the selling price of the real property only or which have been adjusted on an individual basis to r fect the selling price of the real property only. (39-1-103, C.R.S.) Part of the Property Assessment Study is the sales verification analysis. WRA has used the above -cited statutes as a guide in our study of the county's procedures and practices for verifying sales. WRA reviewed the sales verification procedures in 2020 for Weld County. This study was conducted by checking selected sales from the master sales list for the current valuation period. Specifically WRA selected 60 sales listed as unqualified. All of the sales in the unqualified sales sample had reasons that were clear and supportable. For residential, commercial, and vacant land sales with considerations over $100,000, the contractor has examined and reported the ratio of qualified sales to total sales by class and performed the following analyses of unqualified sales: The contractor has examined the manner in which sales have been classified as qualified or unqualified, including a listing of each step in the sales verification process, any adjustment procedures, and the county official responsible for making the final decision on qualification. The contractor has reviewed with the assessor any analysis indicating that sales data are inadequate, fail to reflect typical properties, or have been disqualified for insufficient cause. In addition, the contractor has reviewed the disqualified sales by assigned code. If there appears to be any inconsistency in the coding, the contractor has 2020 \Veld County Propt:riy A sessnicnt Study — Pa(2.3t 14 ilkWIL IS ATE :�w�IL l�miemnareo Audit Division conducted further analysis to determine if the sales included in that code have been assigned appropriately. Conclusions Weld County appears to be doing a good job of verifying their sales. WRA agreed with the county's reason for disqualifying each of the sales selected in the sample. There are no recommendations or suggestions. Recommendations None 2020 Weld County Property 1 ,cssincnt Study Pa;2,c 15 OWILD I SE p Awi IML IX \ EPt)1 kThn Audit Division ECONOMIC AREA REVIEW AND EVALUATION Methodology Weld County has submitted a written narrative describing the economic areas that make up the county's market areas. Weld County has also submitted a map illustrating these areas. Each of these narratives have been read and analyzed for logic and appraisal sensibility. The maps were also compared to the narrative for consistency between the written description and the map. Conclusions After review and analysis, it has been determined that Weld County has adequately identified homogeneous economic areas comprised of smaller neighborhoods. Each economic area defined is equally subject to a set of economic forces that impact the value of the properties within that geographic area and this has been adequately addressed. Each economic area defined adequately delineates an area that will give "similar values for similar properties in similar areas." Recommendations None 2020 \Veld Count- Property Assessment Study - Page I6 WILDROSE APPRAISAL INCORPORATED Audit Division NATURAL RESOURCES Earth and Stone Products Methodology Under the guidelines of the Assessor's Reference Library (ARL), Volume 3, Natural Resource Valuation Procedures, the income approach was applied to determine value for production of earth and stone products. The number of tons was multiplied by an economic royalty rate determined by the Division of Property Taxation to determine income. The income was multiplied by a recommended Hoskold factor to determine the actual value. The Hoskold factor is determined by the life of the reserves or the lease. Value is based on two variables: life and tonnage. The operator determines these since there is no other means to obtain production data through any state or private agency. Conclusions The County has applied the correct formulas and state guidelines to earth and stone production. Recommendations None Producing Oil and Gas Methodology Assessors Reference Library (ARL) Volume 3, Chapter 6: Valuation of Natural Resources STATUTORY REFERENCES Section § 39-1-103, C.R.S., specifies that producing oil or gas leaseholds and lands are valued according to article 7 of title 39, C.R.S. Actual value determined - when. (2) The valuation for assessment of leaseholds and lands producing oil or gas shall be determined as provided in article 7 of this title. § 39-1-103, C.R.S. Article 7 covers the listing, valuation, and assessment of producing oil and gas leaseholds and lands. Valuation: Valuation for assessment. (1) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, on the basis of the information contained in such statement, the assessor shall value such oil and gas leaseholds and lands for assessment, as real property, at an amount equal to eighty-seven and one-half percent of: (a) The selling price of the oil or gas sold there from during the preceding calendar year, after excluding the selling price of all oil or gas delivered to the United States government or any agency thereof, the state of Colorado or any agency thereof, or any political subdivision of the state as royalty during the preceding calendar year; (b) The selling price of oil or gas sold in the same field area for oil or gas transported from the premises which is not sold during the preceding calendar year, after excluding the selling price of all oil or gas delivered to the United States government or any agency thereof, the state of Colorado or any agency thereof, or any political subdivision of the state as royalty during the preceding calendar year. § 39-7-102, C.R.S. Conclusions The county applied approved appraisal procedures in the valuation of oil and gas. Recommendations None 2020 \ cld County Propc:rtv 1 . cssn,cnt Study Paac 17 WILDROSE APPRAISAL I\(TMlPO&ATFb Audit Division VACANT LAND Subdivision Discounting Subdivisions were reviewed in 2020 in Weld County. The review showed that subdivisions were discounted pursuant to the Colorado Revised Statutes in Article 39-1-103 (14) and by applying the recommended methodology in ARL Vol 3, Chap 4. Subdivision Discounting in the intervening year can be accomplished by reducing the absorption period by one year. In instances where the number of sales within an approved plat was less than the absorption rate per year calculated for the plat, the absorption period was left unchanged. Conclusions Weld County has implemented proper procedures to adequately estimate absorption periods, discount rates, and lot values for qualifying subdivisions. Recommendations None 2020 \Feld County Property A 'essment Study - Pate 18 flikWILD' 1E AFruAIFSAL, L .Co pORATE ) Audit Division POSSESSORY INTERE Possessory Interest Possessory interest property discovery and valuation is described in the Assessor's Reference Library (ARL) Volume 3 section 7 in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 39-1-103 (17)(a) (II) C.R.S. Possessory Interest is defined by the Property Tax Administrator's Publication ARL Volume 3, Chapter 7: A private property interest in government -owned property or the right to the occupancy and use of any benefit in government -owned property that has been granted under lease, permit, license, concession, contract, or other agreement. Weld County has been reviewed for their procedures and adherence to guidelines when assessing and valuing agricultural and ST PROPERTIES commercial possessory interest properties. The county has also been queried as to their confidence that the possessory interest properties have been discovered and placed on the tax rolls. Conclusions Weld County has implemented a discovery process to place possessory interest properties on the roll. They have also correctly and consistently applied the correct procedures and valuation methods in the valuation of possessory interest properties. Recommendations None 2020 \VAI Counts Property A,zes,niont Study Paize 19 fikWILD'O�E :1PPRAIS.iL\l\MI'DR;TED Audit Division PERSONAL PROPERTY AUDIT Weld County was studied for its procedural compliance with the personal property assessment outlined in the Assessor's Reference Library (ARL) Volume 5, and in the State Board of Equalization (SBOE) requirements for the assessment of personal property. The SBOE requires that counties use ARL Volume 5, including current discovery, classification, documentation procedures, current economic lives table, cost factor tables, depreciation table, and level of value adjustment factor table. The personal property audit standards narrative must be in place and current. A listing of businesses that have been audited by the assessor within the twelve-month period reflected in the plan is given to the auditor. The audited businesses must be in conformity with those described in the plan. Aggregate ratio will be determined solely from the personal property accounts that have been physically inspected. The minimum assessment sample is one percent or ten schedules, whichever is greater, and the maximum assessment audit sample is 100 schedules. For the counties having over 100,000 population, WRA selected a sample of all personal property schedules to determine whether the assessor is correctly applying the provisions of law and manuals of the Property Tax Administrator in arriving at the assessment levels of such property. This sample was selected from the personal property schedules audited by the assessor. In no event was the sample selected by the contractor less than 30 schedules. The counties to be included in this study are Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, Douglas, El Paso, Jefferson, Larimer, Mesa, Pueblo, and Weld. All other counties received a procedural study. Weld County is compliant with the guidelines set forth in ARL Volume 5 regarding discovery procedures, using the following methods to discover personal property accounts in the county: • Public Record Documents • MLS Listing and/or Sold Books • Chamber of Commerce/Economic Development Contacts • Local Telephone Directories, Newspapers or Other Local Publications • Personal Observation, Physical Canvassing or Word of Mouth • Questionnaires, Letters and/or Phone Calls to Buyer, Seller and/or Realtor The county uses the Division of Property Taxation (DPT) recommended classification and documentation procedures. The DPT's recommended cost factor tables, depreciation tables and level of value adjustment factor tables are also used. Weld County submitted their personal property written audit plan and was current for the 2020 valuation period. The number and listing of businesses audited was also submitted and was in conformance with the written audit plan. The following audit triggers were used by the county to select accounts to be audited: • Businesses in a selected area • Accounts with obvious discrepancies • New businesses filing for the first time • Accounts with greater than 10% change • Incomplete or inconsistent declarations • Accounts with omitted property • Same business type or use 2020 Weld Conn[y Property A cssment Study-- Paac 2O figlir t1WDROsPPRNN,.ILL NCOR.PORNI E E Audit Division • Businesses with no deletions or additions for 2 or more years • Non -filing Accounts - Best Information Available • Accounts close to the $7,700 actual value exemption status • Accounts protested with substantial disagreement Weld County's median ratio is 1.00. This is in compliance with the State Board of Equalization (SBOE) compliance requirements which range from .90 to 1.10 with no COD requirements. Conclusions Weld County has employed adequate discovery, classification, documentation, valuation, and auditing procedures for their personal property assessment and is in statistical compliance with SBOE requirements. Recommendations None 2020 \Veld County Property 1 tewuent Study— Pa ze 21 IlkWILD 'O.E APPILUSALNCORPORATFD Audit Division WILDROSE AUDITOR STAFF Harry J. Fuller, Audit Project Manager Suzanne Howard, Audit Administrative Manager Steve Kane, Audit Statistician Carl W. Ross, Agricultural /Natural Resource Analyst J. Andrew Rodriguez, Field Analyst ?02(') \V%eld County Property Assessment. Stuck Pd OS 22 WILD' .E Op Arr RAIs.4. l NccxernuXW en Audit Division APPENDICES 2) \Vrld County Property \ s�cs:snneut Study Page 23 � ILDRO E Audit Division STATISTICAL COMPLIANCE REPORT FOR WELD COUNTY 2020 I. OVERVIEW Weld County is an urban county located along Colorado's Front Range. The county has a total of 141,440 real property parcels, according to data submitted by the county assessor's office in 2020. The following provides a breakdown of property classes for this county: The vacant land class of properties was dominated by residential land. Residential lots (coded 100 and 1112) accounted for 84.7% of all vacant land parcels. For residential improved properties, single family properties accounted for 92.9% o of all residential properties. Commercial and industrial properties represented a much smaller proportion of property classes in comparison. Commercial/industrial properties accounted for 3.9% of all such properties in this county. Based on the Audit questionnaire filled out by the assessor (see below), the following geographic levels were used by the assessor to value residential, commercial and vacant land properties: 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 24 WILDROSE Audit Division Geo Area Residential Comm/Ind Vacant Land Economic Area V V V Neighborhood V N V Subdivision V N V Codes V=Valid Geographic Level - used for modeling N = Not used as Geographic Level for modeling II. DATA FILES The following sales analyses were based on the requirements of the 2020 Colorado Property Assessment Study. Information was provided by the Weld Assessor's Office in April 2020. The data included all 5 property record files as specified by the Auditor. III. RESIDENTIAL SALES RESULTS There were 10,875 qualified residential sales that occurred in the 18 -month sale period ending June 30, 2018. The sales ratio analysis results were as follows: Median 0.972 Price Related Differential 1.006 Coefficient of Dispersion 5.6 We next stratified the sale ratio analysis by economic area and neighborhood. The minimum count for the neighborhood stratification is 20 sales. The following are the results of this stratification analysis: Economic Area Case Processing Summary Count Percent ECONAREA .00 1021 9.4% 2.00 3450 €31.8% 3.00 2673 ;24.7% Overall Excluded Total 4.00 772 5.00 136 6.00 1769 7.1% 1.3% 16.3% 7.00 47 . 0.4% _ 8.00 54 p.5%.. _ 9.00 372 _ 3.4% _ 99.00 544 5.0% .0% _ 10838 100.0% 37 10875 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 25 2006 .971 2007 .962 Op WILDROSE Audit Division Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Price Related Coefficient of Group Median Differential Dispersion .00 .975 1.001 .047 2.00 .973 1.005 .050 3.00 .969 1.004 .051 4,00 .979 1.006 .052 5.00 _ ' .:.963 1.014 .109 6.00 `.970 1.011 .082 7.00 .970 1.012 .114 8.00 .952 1.013 .085 9.00 .973 1.007 .055 99.00 .968 .999 .042 Overall .972 1.006 .056 NOTE: Econ Area 99 = Condominiums Neighborhoods with at least 25 sales Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Price Related Coefficient of Group Median Differential Dispersion 71 .976 1.002 .040 72 .968 1.001 .031 75 .982 1.000 .109 77 .975 1.004 .055 78 .979 1.000 .029 79 .980 1.004 .040 81 .970 1.000 .034 83 .975 1.000 .039 171 .968 1.002 .047 173 .993 1.004sµN�� .069 174 .981 1.001 .039 177 .962 1.004 .073 2002 .973 1.002 2003 .968 1.007 .074 2005 .973 1.002 .051 1.003 .040 .039 1.003 .071 2011 °'.980 2013 .974 1.005 2016 .979 1.002 .037 2018 .971 2019 .973 2020 1.016 .069 .047 1.011 .062 1.008 .049 .984 1.002 .028 2060 .975 2061 .971 2100 .965 2101 .984 1.003 1.005 1.001 .067 .043 1.003 .048 2102 .961 2103 .965 1.003 .048 .051 .999 .042 2105 .964 1.005 2106 .971 1.002 2107 .993 1.003 .067 .040 .043 2108 .964 1.002 2110 .973 1.005 _ 2111 .957 1.002 .043 .050 .052 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 26 WOp ILDROSE Audit Division 2112 .967 1.004 2115 " .972 1.004 2111 .966 1.001 2118 .973 2120 `, `.982 2121 .958 1.008 .064 2124. .977 1.001 .035 1.002 .043 1.003 .043 .059 .036 .035 1.000 .032 1.007 .052 2125 .969 2151 `; =:.=.970 2152 .981 225!' .977 26.57 3000 3001 1.000 .018 1.007 .080 .979 .977 1.002 1.003 .030 .044 .088 .036 3004 .977 1.001 .029 301 8 3003 .968 301O,x. 3012 .972 3013 .972 3014 '..971 3017 .952 3024 .962 1.001 3025 .979 1.001 3026 ' ' .966 1.001 3027 .963 1.002 3030 °'_973 1.001 3031 .967 _m. .996 .074 3032 ' ' _977 1.001 .044 3033 ' .978 1.002 .046 3034 .969 1.004 .051 3037 .974 1.000 .038 3038', .961 1.000 .044 3042 .974 1.002 .052 3055 ,,,.968 998���� .055 3057 .978 1.000 .023 3058 .965 1.006 .047 3122 .965 1.000 .032 3664 ` .952 1.002 .034 4000 ' -- .977 1.000 ._.._� .026 4002 .975 1.001 .028 _m 4004 .984 1.000 .033 4102 4103 .974 1.003 .053 .993 1.001 .055 966 1.008 1.003 1.000 1.001 1.007 1.000 .054 .101 .038 .038 .061 .045 .063 .031 .049 .047 .042 .039 410? 4105" 4123 5001' 5009 .961 1.006 .086 _ 50133"- ".966 1.009 .093 6021. .966 1.001 .059 6023 .964 1.004 .088 6025 , "� .966 1.014 .100 6027 .971 1.015 .066 6029 .974 1.004 .064 6030 .970 1.003 .080 .975 1.000 .042 1.011 .981 1.024 .128 .977 1.009 .048 .975 1.010 .092 202(1 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 27 WILD Okir :%P lh u Imosr*, tm Audit Division 6031 .966 1.002 .050 6032 .964 1.024 .079 6033 .999 1.029 .136 6034 .971 1.008 .084 6035 .968 1.004 .059 6037 .964 1.013 .118 6038 .974 1.002 .078 6045 .952 1.071 .124 6050 .961 1.016 .080 6051 .984 1.002 .030 6062 .975 1.002 .050 6207 .969 .990 .132 7004 .993 1.013 .147 9007 .976 1.009 .054 9008 .978 1.002 .044 9009 .968 1.022 .101 9010 .971 1.005 .048 9014 .983 1.004 .038 9046 .954 .996 .068 9999 .968 .999 .042 Overall .972 1.006 .053 NOTE: NBHD 9999 = Condominiums The above ratio statistics were in compliance with the standards set forth by the Colorado State Board of Equalization (SBOE) for the overall residential sales. The following graphs describe further the sales ratio distribution for these properties: Sales Ratio Distribution 4.000 3,000 >1 v C 0 3 al 2,000 L 1,000 0 .00 .50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 salesratio Mean = 97 Std. Dev. = 088 N = 10.875 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 28 3.00 2.50 2.00 0 1.50 U) 1.00 . 50 . 00 WILD ' O. E iPPR bbl\l. 1N('M141N.11111 Audit Division PRD Analysis • • • • • a• ti • • • 4 1 • • • • •• •• • • • • • • •• ••• • �• .• j• • • • • • $0 $500,000 $1,000,000 TIMEADJPRICE NOTE: Sales over $2,000,000 excluded for graphic clarity $1,500,000 $2,000,000 The above graphs indicate that the distribution of the sale ratios was within state mandated limits. Residential Market Trend Analysis We next analyzed the residential dataset using the 18 -month sale period for any residual market trending and broken down by economic area, as follows: Coefficient? ECONAREA Model 1 (Constant) SalePeriod .00 1 (Constant) SalePeriod 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 Unstandardized Coefficients B Std. Error Standardized Coefficients Beta t . 973 .033 29.704 . 001 .003 . 038 1 (Constant) SalePeriod 1 (Constant) SalePeriod 1 (Constant) SalePeriod 1 (Constant) __:SalePeriod . 982 .004 . 222 Sig. . 000 . 826 258.374 .000 -.001 .000 -.046 -1.461 . 969 .002 453.438 . 144 . 000 .000 . 019 1.141 . 967 .003 370.948 . 000 .000 . 019 . 995 . 000 . 254 . 000 . 981 .006 151.245 -2.530E-5 .001 . 959 .029 -.001 . 320 . 000 -.039 .969 32.571 .000 . 004 .003 . 121 1.413 (Constant) SalePeriod (Constant) SalePeriod .005 . 989 .006 . 160 171.473 .000 . 000 .001 -.013 -.542 . 935 .040 .004 .206 . 588 23.558 .000 1.410 .165 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY i'<1gc )9 9 9.00 (Constant} Opp WILDROSE Audit Division .985 SatePeriod -.001 (Constant) .973 .005 184.991 .000 .008 .001 -.074 122.967 .000 -1.419 .157 99.00 SatePeriod -.001 .001 -.045 -1.045 .296 a. Dependent Variable: salesratio There was no residual market trending present in the sale ratio data for any of the economic areas; we therefore concluded that the assessor has adequately addressed market trending in the valuation of residential properties. Sold/Unsold Analysis In terms of the valuation consistency between sold and unsold residential properties, we compared the median actual value per square foot for 2020 between each group. The data was analyzed both as a whole and broken down by economic area, as follows: Report VALSF sold N UNSOLD 78212 SOLD'. 10874 $202 Median Mean $199 $197 $203 Report VALSF ECONAREA sold N Median Mean UNSOLD 6203 $210.25 $208.79 SOLD 1021 $210.25 $209.17 UNSOLD 22647 $202.83 $202.30 SOLD 3450 $205.18 $205.92 UNSOLD 16942 $196.67 $201.75 SOLD UNSOLD 6357 $184.50 $185.85 SOLD 772 $187.75 $192.24 UNSOLD 1278 SOLD 136 UNSOLD 17005 SOLD 1768 UNSOLD 797 SOLD 47 UNSOLD 710 $149.07 SOLD 54 $166.78 $166.25 UNSOLD 2589 $205.90 $196.71 SOLD 372 $213.31 $204.32 2673 $198.69 $205.71 $163.07 $167.24 $199.73 $197.26 $206.88 $200.14 $212.19 $208.16 $93.99 $106.28 $131.01 $130.65 $149.75 99 UNSOLD 3427 $174.05 $165.10 SOLD 544 $176.60 $180.53 NOTE: Econ Area 99 = Condominiums Please note that economic areas with significant differences based on the actual value per square foot comparison were also tested using the percent change in value method; in each case, those economic 2020 Statistical Report: VELD COUNTY Page 30 Op %)111-1?.. 6E Audit Division areas showed no significant difference between sold and unsold residential properties using this second method. We also stratified this analysis by residential neighborhoods with at least 30 sales, as follows: Report VALSF NBHD sold N Median Mean 71 UNSOLD 560 $227 $224 SOLD 103 $223 72 UNSOLD 321 $217 $209 $207 $208 $206 $255 $249 $244 $253 $233 $228 $234 $224 SOLD ' 56 75 UNSOLD, 399 SOLD 34 77 UNSOLD 323 SOLD 42 UNSOLD 239 $199 $203 SOLD 39 78 $194 $196 79 UNSOLD 329 $169 $177 SOLD 43 $173 $180 81 UNSOLD 331 $207 $204 SOLD ' 51 $204 $202 UNSOLD 632 83 $165 $170 $169 $172 SOLD 94 171 UNSOLD 814 $228 $224 SOLD 109 $236 $229 174 UNSOLD 480 $200 $198 SOLD 209 . $209 $204 177 UNSOLD 260 $233 $224 SOLD 30 $248 $237 2002 UNSOLD 615 $225 $223 SOLD 38 $215 $216 2003 UNSOLD 412 $246 $243 SOLD 35 $220 $245 2005 UNSOLD 821 SOLD 85 2006 UNSOLD 356 SOLD 50 2007 UNSOLD 644 SOLD 56 $243 $237 $245 $239 $211 $213 $211 $214 $228 $234 $204 $212 $197 $228 $237 2011 UNSOLD 451 SOLD 135 $206 2013 UNSOLD 581 $199 $204 SOLD 175 $207 $210 2016 UNSOLD - 301�xF $171 _ $170 SOLD 159 $172 $172 2018 UNSOLD 9 $227 $218 SOLD 122 $191 $192 2019 UNSOLD 14 $185 $194 SOLD 100 $200 _ $208 2020 UNSOLD 3 $156 $163 SOLD 46 _.�. $180 $179 2060 UNSOLD 498 $223 $215 SOLD 65 $229 $223 2061 UNSOLD 280 $215 $205 SOLD 87 $217 $210 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 31 WOp ILDfORVII I20SE Audit Division 2100 UNSOLD 697 $193 $192 SOLD 67 $198 $201 UNSOLD 382 $220 $218 SOLD 46 $224 $219 2102 UNSOLD 527 $211 $209 SOLD 82 $212 $207 2103 UNSOLD 502 $178 $182 SOLD 61 $183 $186 2105 UNSOLD 497 $193 $195 SOLD 51 $205 $210 2106 UNSOLD '' 179 $198 $201 SOLD 66 $210 $207 2107 UNSOLD 656 $200 $200 SOLD 122 $197 $199 2108 UNSOLD 307 $194 $200 SOLD 38 $208 $201 2110 UNSOLD 994 $210 $210 SOLD 116 $213 $211 2111 UNSOLD 2330 $204 $204 SOLD 212 $215 $210 12 UNSOLD, 906 $180 $181 SOLD 78 $181 UNSOLD 210 $214 $214 SOLD 31 $216 $213 $184 2115 2117 UNSOLD 126 $176 $178 SOLD 33 $189 $188 18 UNSOLD 457 $214 $212 SOLD 69 $213 $207 UNSOLD SOLD 92 $205 $204 2121 UNSOLD 278 SOLD 46 $231 $232 2120 486 $200 $199 $229 $230 2124 UNSOLD 101 $195 $197 SOLD 42 $188 $196 2125 UNSOLD 204 $209 $206 SOLD 31 $218 $211 UNSOLD 582 $220 $216 SOLD 89 $221 $219 2151 2152 UNSOLD 110 SOLD 95 2657 UNSOLD 148 $208 $210 SOLD 46 $212 $214 3000 UNSOLD ' 239 $218 $203 $184 $198 $179 $183 SOLD , 83 $199 $191 3003 UNSOLD 285 SOLD 95 $194 $196 $193 $196 3004 UNSOLD 18 $233 $228 SOLD 34 3008 UNSOLD 276 $184 $191 SOLD 202 $183 $188 $186 $187 3012 UNSOLD " 583 $196 $202 SOLD 56 $198 $200 3013 UNSOLD 1258 SOLD 3017 UNSOLD 149 $192 $190 SOLD 105 $198 $198 3024 UNSOLD 256 $189 $203 $195 168 $199 $209 $195 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 12 LL3 W* Art• ILDItOSE Audit Division 46 $183 $192 528 $235 $232 180 $208 $222 1343 $200 $204 162 $199 $202 326 $209 $209 60 $215 $213 346 $177 $185 102 $177 $184 558 $253 $249 54 $255 $248 312 $204 $212 43 $205 $214 989 $182 $189 179 $186 $192 14 $194 $206 48 $197 $218 634 $188 $194 $198 $203 $193 $195 $189 $194 $193 $200 $190 $198 $197 $207 124 954 117 333 50 205 32 ISO D : 186 $194 $205 $182 $189 $189 $196 $205 $212 $211 $215 $222 $222 $218 $222 $188 $195 $173 $170 $189 $191 $189 $191 $169 $179 $181 $182 2 UNSOLD 283 4000 4002 4 OLD 68 SOE,D 141 31 OLD' 284 127 SOLID 413 DLO 88 484 177 4102•. . f1N,$OL13: 177 $189 $188 4 RLF 48 $176 $180 602 $234 $235 46 $242 $243 79 $228 $221 40 $225 $223 729 $227 $219 55 $232 $223 347 $168 $176 47 $201 $195 4 OL, 49 6 6i NSOLC t? ,': 363 $222 $215 37 $224 $217 722 69 OW 812 $200 $201 76 $200 $206 $225 $220 $227 $221 OLD`: 334 $225 $221 $226 $224 6029 UNSOLD 946 $229 $224 SOLD ' -116 $241 w_$234 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 33 W* APP ILDROSE Audit Division 767 $195 $197 6 78 1720 $208 $202 150 $204 $203 728 $188 $186 71 $209 $208 $198 $192 0 PN L S ALE X142 $197 $201 1428 $223 $216 157 $227 $223 1284 $213 $206 1300 $190 $189 132 $195 $196 1230 $216 $203 0 D 124 $229 $223 OLD 765 $217 $211 D 80 $226 $218 X582 $219 $209 39 $219 $218 142 $203 $205 COL 52 $199 $198 -825 $225 $220 166 $222 $221 6207. 599 $136 $147 OLD 35 $129 $142 NSOLD 177 $233 $226 Lo 36 $215 $210 $198 $198 tSOLD 395 LD 37 SOLD 524 $209 $206 $202 $204 OLD 79 $213 $208 9014 UNSOLD " 4 $178 $187 LLD; 53 $209 $201 9046 UNSOLD. 281 $197 $196 LD 30 $220 $201 9999 UNSOLD. 3394 $174 $165 O 533 $177 $182 NOTE: Econ Area 9999 = Condominiums We also examined the overall median and mean change in actual value for taxable years 2018 and 2020 for residential sold and unsold properties, as follows: Report DIFF sold N Median Mean UNSOLD, 72472 1.2124 1.2256 SOLD " 9995 1.1930 1.2064 The above results indicate that sold and unsold residential properties were valued in a consistent manner. IV. COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL SALE RESULTS There were 290 qualified residential sales that occurred in the 18 month sale period ending June 30, 2018. The sales ratio analysis results were as follows: 2020 Statistical Report: l ElD COUNTY Page 34 WILD ' O. E APPk%tl)1 1\d l4tI )k\lii) Audit Division Median 1.000 Price Related Differential 1.025 Coefficient of Dispersion 8.2 The above table indicates that the Weld County commercial/industrial sale ratios were in compliance with the SBOE standards. The following histogram and scatter plot describe the sales ratio distribution further: 1 100 0 a • 75 CT ID LI- 50 -,5 2.5 2.0 1.5 0 R L v, v In 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 00 05 10 w 15 T 1 I t salesratio Mean = 1.02 Std. Dev. = .164 N = 290 Commercial x Sale Price by Sales Ratio vx x x x 'St x x x ,. w x .. x * x x x M x M x x )K x so $2,000,000 . $4,000,000 $6,000,000 $8,000,000 $10,000,000 tasp 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 35 WILDROSE • ' E Audit Division Commercial /Industrial Market Trend Analysis The commercial/industrial sales were next analyzed, examining the sale ratios across the 18 -month sale period with the following results: Coefficients' Model Standardized Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients B Std. Error Beta t Sig. 1 (Constant) 1.004 54.727 .000 SalePeriod .002 .002 .046 .784 .434 .018 a. Dependent Variable: salesratio 0 A a 2.5 2.0 Commercial Market Trend Analysis + + + + + + 1.5 + + + + � ++ + 1.0 Rai f i .. ■a / • f e •. ■e i• e / /4. lle !� .........u..11. 0.5 0.0 s 10 1s z0 SalePeriod There was no residual market trending present in the commercial sale ratios. We concluded that the assessor has adequately considered market trending adjustments as part of the commercial /industrial valuation. Sold /Unsold Analysis We compared the median actual value per square foot for 2020 between sold and unsold groups to determine if sold and unsold properties were valued consistently. Based on the number of subclasses for commercial and industrial properties, we chose only major subclasses with at least 10 sales for this analysis: i.e. those with improved abstract codes of 2212, 2220, 2230, 2235, 2245, and 3215. The following analysis was then performed: 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 36 00, WILDRSE Audit Division Report VALSF ABSTRIMP sold N Median Mean 2212.00 UNSOLD 673 $95 $132 SOLD 34 $110 $166 2220.00 UNSOLD 385 $120 $135 SOLD 33 $140 $142 2230.00 UNSOLD 766 $105 $161 SOLD 38 $158 $220 2235.00 UNSOLD 1001 $55 $68 SOLD 37 $75 $82 2245.00 UNSOLD 983 $105 $109 SOLD 112 $120 $124 3215.00 UNSOLD 221 $70 $73 SOLD 8 $96 $99 Given that there was a statistically significant difference using the non -parametric Mann Whitney U test, we next compared the percent change in actual value between taxable years 2018 and 2020 for sold and unsold commercial properties in Weld County, as follows: Report DIFF ABSTRIMP sold N Median Mean 2212.00 UNSOLD 616 1.2493 1.3007 SOLD 30 1.4226 1.4244_ 2220.00 UNSOLD 341 1.1325 1.2115 SOLD 30 1.3957 1.3862 2230.00 UNSOLD 681 1.1531 1.2298 SOLD ' 29 1.3210 1.3667 2235.00 UNSOLD 829 1.2029 1.2516 SOLD 28 1.2377 1.3135 2245.00 UNSOLD 866 1.1765 1.1938 SOLD 77 1.2529 1.3565 _ 3215.00 UNSOLD SOLD 203 1.2308 1.2777 7 1.3908 1.4409 Given that both of these comparisons indicated a statistical difference between sold and unsold commercial/industrial properties, we next developed an econometric model that used the assessor's actual value as the predicted variable. A total of 3,62-1 commercial/industrial properties were analyzed. Commercial/industrial property subclasses included the following: ABSTRIMP Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid 2212.00 646 17.3 17.3 2220.00 371 9.9 9.9 2230.00 710 2235.00 19.0 19.0 17.3 27.2 46.2 857 2245.00 943 3215.00 210 22.9 22.9 25.2 25.2 5.6 5.6 Total 3737 100.0 100.0 69.1 94.4 100.0 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 37 WILD \a,.xa-+.t I'.cMilt Irk ,vo Audit Division We developed a stepwise regression model to test whether sold and unsold properties were valued differently by the assessor. To do this, we included a binary variable for sold /unsold status. For the model, sold properties were coded "1" and unsold properties were coded "0." Other variables tested included improved area, age, economic area, and commercial/industrial subclass. The dependent variable is the 2020 current value. The stepwise regression analysis adds variables to the model based on their contributory strength, as measured by their t or p values (depending on the test). Due to the number of sales, we used a p value of 0.02 as the tolerance threshold. At each step, a variable is added, and variables already in the model are re-evaluated to determine if they should remain in the model. After it is determined that adding additional variables will not improve the model's predicative or explanatory power, the process stops. Variables not included at this point are determined to not be significant. In this analysis, our primary focus was the sold/unsold variable previously described. After 7 iterations, the following results were generated by the model: Model Summary Model R 1 2 3 4 5 6 Adjusted R R Square Square . 775a .600 .600 . 786b . 7944 . 796d . 618 . 631 .634 .618 . 631 . 634 Std. Error of the Estimate . 797e .636 .635 . 7981 .637 .637 7 .799g .638 .637 1281979.112 1252500.714 1231937.939 1226833.682 1223896.613 1221396.698 1220413.133 a. Predictors: (Constant), LIVEAREA b. Predictors: (Constant), LIVEAREA, EA2 c. Predictors: (Constant), LIVEAREA, EA2, EA3 d. Predictors: (Constant), LIVEAREA, EA2, EA3, v2235 e. Predictors: (Constant), LIVEAREA, EA2, EA3, v2235, age f. Predictors: (Constant), LIVEAREA, EA2, EA3, v2235, age, v2245 g. Predictors: (Constant), LIVEAREA, EA2, EA3, v2235, age, v2245 v2230 The following coefficients were included in the model at Step 7: 7 (Constant) LIVEAR EA EA2 EA3 v2235 age v2245 v2230 443598.707 47.400 821252.651 625508.591 - 397118.562 -2155.965 -276515.730 - 153036.098 46428.455 .638 66158.604 65589.812 55301.928 405.413 58211.669 57781.797 . 745 . 131 . 099 -.082 -.054 -.059 -.030 9.554 74.46 12.413 9.537 - 7.181 - 5.318 - 4.750 - 2.649 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 008 a. Dependent Variable: currtot 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 38 WILD • • tiE APf`A %!';t 1'N< (w1,14% I F h Audit Division The model at Step 7 did not include the Sold /Unsold variable, indicating that it did not make a significant difference in the model whether the properties were sold or unsold. Based on this finding, we concluded that the assessor valued sold and unsold commercial properties consistently in 2020. V. VACANT LAND SALE RESULTS There were 353 qualified residential sales that occurred in the 18 -month sale period ending June 30, 2018. The sales ratio analysis results were as follows: Median 0.989 Price Related Differential 1.014 Coefficient of Dispersion 12.8 The above ratio statistics were in compliance overall with the standards set forth by the Colorado State Board of Equalization (SBOE) for the overall vacant land sales. The following graphs describe further the sales ratio distribution for all of these properties: C • 3 CT 10 salesratio Mean = .97 Std. Dev. = .197 N= 353 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 39 2.0 1.5 0 4.1 IV 1.0 0 R 1. 0.5 0.0 r I $0 listX WILDRC, E �AP:'ROt %1 I'ri*IMIp\11I1 Audit Division Vacant Land Sale Price by Sales Ratio x XX x X x x X x X $500,000 x $1,000,000 tasp $1,500,000 $2,000,000 The above histogram indicates that the distribution of the vacant land sale ratios was within state mandated limits. No sales were trimmed. Vacant Land Market Trend Analysis We next analyzed the vacant land dataset using the 18 -month sale period, with the following results: Coefficient? Model Standardized Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients B Std. Error Beta t Sig. 1 (Constant) .986 .018 55.474 .000 SalePeriod -.003 .002 -.068 -1.279 .202 a. Dependent Variable: salesratio 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 40 2.0 1.5 Ts IA 0.5 0.0 O' .APrw % Ns IN. .or Rme 11111 WILD ' O. E Audit Division Vacant Land Sales Market Trend Analysis + 4'+ + + + + T + + + + + + + + + + + t at + * + * + + + 4. 4 nstatillattatintaint4 i i +er+$++ + t + + + + + #++$++ ++ ++++ + ♦ $ + * + + + ++ + + + + 0 5 1 10 SalePeriod 15 20 The above analysis indicated that no significant market trending was present in the vacant land sale data. We concluded that the assessor has adequately dealt with market trending for vacant land properties. Sold/Unsold Analysis In terms of the valuation consistency between sold and unsold vacant land properties, we compared the median change in actual value for taxable years 2018 and 2020 between each group. We stratified the vacant land properties by subdivision and found overall consistency. The following results present the overall comparison results: Report DIFF sold N Median Mean UNSOLD 4587 SOLD 290 1.0829 1.1818 1.0798 1.1918 We also compared sold and unsold changes in value by subdivision with at least 6 sales, as follows: Report DIFF subdivno first 1 sold 2528 2925 3062 3372 4396 UNSOLD SOLD U NSOLD SOLD U NSOLD SOLD U NSOLD SOLD U NSOLD N 52 15 24 8 3 9 7 10 8 Median Mean . 8923 . 9511 1.1111 1.1111 1.2466 1.2466 1.3000 1.3000 1.0000 . 8977 . 9397 1.1065 1.1111 1.1644 1.2466 1.3000 1.3000 1.1402 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY ['.iuy I WILDROSE Audit Division 4 84 D OLD 11 12 1.0818 1.1456 1.2931 1.1853 1.2931 1.2931 20 1.4000 1.2600 L, ' 9 1.4000 1.4000 1.1143 1.0762 6 1.1143 1.1143 1.0000 1.0000 1.3571 1.3571 23 1.0000 1.1174 1.3000 1.4706 Overall, we concluded that the county assessor valued sold and unsold vacant properties consistently. V. CONCLUSIONS Based on this 2020 audit statistical analysis, residential, commercial and vacant land properties were found to be in compliance with state guidelines. 21)20 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 42 W ILDRQSE Audit Division STATISTICAL ABSTRACT Residential Ratio Statistics for currtot 1 tasp ECONAREA Mean 95% Confidence Interval for Mean 95% Confidence Interval for Median 95% Confidence Interval for Weighted Mean Coefficient of Variation Actual Weighted Price Related Coefficient of Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Median Lower Bound Upper Bound Coverage Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Differential Dispersion Centered .979 .940 1.019 .953 .931 .971 95.3% .973 .935 1.010 1.007 .075 12.0% .977 .973 .981 .975 .971 .978 ..-95.5% .976 .972 .980 1.001 .047 6.8% .971 .969 .973 .973 .971 .975 95.4% .966 .963 .969 1.005 .050 7.2% .969 .966 .972 .969 .967 .972 95.2% .965 .962 .968 1.004 .051 7.3% .980 .974 987 .979 .974 .982 95.2% .974 .988 .980 1.006 .052 9-6% .993 .959 1.026 .963 .932 .988 95.2% .979 .953 1.006 1.014 .109 19.9% .00 .986 .980 .992 .970 .966 .974 95.4% .976 .967 .984 1.011 .082 1 3.1 % 7.00 .982 .938 1.025 .970 .947 1.003 96.0% .970 922 1.018 1.012 .114 15.1% 9.00 .964 .933 .995 .952 .929 .977 96.0% .951 .922 .981 1.013 .085 11.7% 9.00 976 967 .985 .973 .966 .978 95.7% .969 .961 .976 1.007 .055 9.0% 99.00 .968 .962 .973 .968 .965 .972 95.6% .969 .964 .973 .999 .042 6.6% The confidence interval for the median is constructed without any distribution assumptions. The actual coverage level may be greater than the specified level. Other confidence intervals are constructed by assuming a Normal distribution for the ratios. Commercial Land Ratio Statistics for currtot I tasp 95% Confidence Interval for 95% Confidence Interval for Coefficient of Mean 95% Confidence Interval for Median Weighted Mean Variation Actual Weighted Price Related Coefficient of Mean Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Median Lower Bound Upper Bound Coverage Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Differential Dispersion Centered 1.016 .997 1.035 1.000 .997 1.000 96.0% .991 .975 1.007 1.025 .082 16.1% The confidence interval for the median is constructed without any distribution assumptions. The actual coverage level maybe greater than the specified level. Other confidence Intervals are constructed by assuming a Normal distribution for the ratios. Vacant Land Ratio Statistics for currind l tasp 95% Confidence Interval for 95% Confidence Interval for Coefficient of Mean 95% Confidence Interval for Median Weighted Mean Variation Actual Weighted Price Related Coefficient of Mean Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Median Lower Bound Upper Bound Coverage Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Differential Dispersion Centered .988 .947 .988 .989 .973 .998 95.7% .955 .917 .992 1.014 .128 20.3% The confidence interval for the median is constructed without any distribution assumptions. The actual coverage level may be greaterthan the specified level. Other confidence intervals are constructed by assuming a Normal distribution for the ratios. 2020 Statistical Report: WITD COUNTY Page 43 WILD • +E APPRAISAL 1\CORPORAFED Audit Division Residential Median Ratio Stratification Sale Price Case Processing Summary Count Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Group LT SK_ .836 1.023 .180 25K to; 50K, 1.006 .958 .262 $50K to $100K 1.060 1.013 .243 $1 :OK to $150K` 1.140 1.004 .200 $1 OK $20OK, 1.004 1.001 .108 $? OK to $ 00K 970 1.001 $300K to $50010 ` 974 1.000 500K.to,750K' .944 1.001 $750K to $1`,000K.929 1.001 Over ,$fi,000K .967 .985 Overall .972 Percent Price Related Coefficient of Median Differential Dispersion Coefficient of Variation Median Centered 1.006 .061 .044 24.5% 40.2% 48.1% 27.9% 15.4% 9.5% 6.3% .070 .086 .091 9.5% 10.7% 12.6% .056 9.1% Subclass Case Processing Summary Count Percent AtiSTRIMP 00 1 0.0% 1212.00 10138 93.2% 2 0.0% 4,00. ' "`2 5.00 ,122 16.00 .1 0.0% 17.5£I 2 220.00 38 221.75 1 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% 0.3% 223,75 1224.29 1224.44 1 0.0% 1225.00 9 0.1% 1230.00 544 5.0% _ 0.0% 2020 Weld County Property Assessment Study — Pie -+4 Overall Excluded f* WILDRO5E Audit Division 1553.00. 1 0.0% 1894.00 2 0.0% 1979.25 ` 1 0.0% 2212.00 2 2220.00 2 9210.00 1 9250.00 1 9270.00 _ 2 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Overall Excluded 0 10875 100.0% Total 10875 Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Group Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered .00 .593 1.000 .000 1212.00 .972 1.006 .056 1213.50 1.105 1.025 .213 1214.00 1.021 .997 .029 1215,00 .960 1.019 1216.00 .798 1.000 .000 1217.50 .981 1.000 .023 3.3% 1220.00 .963 .995 1221.75 .708 1.000 .000 1223.75 1.037 1.000 .000 1224.29 1.154 1224.44 .904 .100 9.0% 30.1% 4.0% 15.1% .096 13.4% 1.000 .000 1.000 .000 1225.00 1.002 1.026 1230.00 . .968 .055 7.8% .999 .042 6.6% 1553.00 .981 1.000 .000 1894.00 1.111 .945 .279 1979,25 .805 1.000 .000 2212.00 ' .981 2220.00 .825 9210.00 1.869 9250.00 .947 9270.00; .785 Overall .972 1.002 .029 .983 .080 39.5% 4.1% 11.4% 1.000 .000 1.000 .000 .865 .177 25.1% 1.006 .056 9.1% Age Case Processing Summary Count Percent AgeRec .00 1 0.0% Over 100 252 2.3% 75 to 100 253 2.3% 50 to 75 652 6.0% 25 to 50 1179 10.8% 5to25 4335 39.9%. 5 or Newer < 4203 38.6% 10875 100.0% 0 Total 10875 2020 Statistical Report: %VELD COUNTY Page 45 WILDROSE Audit Division Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Group Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered .593 1.000 .000 ve .971 1.028 .132 21.5% .116 17.3% _ .089 12.7% .959 1.027 .965 1.008 x.966 1.001 .073 12.1% .968 1.003 .051 7.9% .979 1.007 .044 6.3% ".972 1.006 .056 9.1% Improved Area Case Processing Summary Count 10875 10875 0 Iota Percent 100.0% Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Group Median Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Differential Dispersion Median Centered .00 .593 1.000 .000 _ LE 500f-.872 .946 .195 24.6% 1'to.1,"000 sf '� .952 1.013 .088 15.3% )00;tO 1,500 sf .971 1.005 .055 9.4% 500 to 200 sf'r ' .973 1.005 .048 7.1% .9 3,000 sf far Overall • 978 1.005 .051 7.5% .966 1.007 .081 12.3% .972 1.006 .056 9.1% 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 46 WILDRC6E Audit Division Improvement Quality Case Processing Summary Count Percent Total 10875 Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Group Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered .593 1.000 .000 .959 1.039 .146 22.8% 2 .966 1.010 .081 13.3% 3 .973 1.004 .047 7.0% 4 .976 1.008 .066 8.9% 5 .972 1.011 .079 12.9% 6 .989 1.010 .072 10.3% Overall .972 1.006 .056 9.1% Improvement Condition Case Processing Summary Count Percent CONDITION 1 0.0% 7 0.1% 2 27 0.2% 3 10826 99.5% 4 14 0.1% Overall Excluded 10875 100.0% 0 Total 10875 Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Group Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered .593 1.000 1.017 1.073 2 .950 1.017 .000 .233 .177 3 .972 4 .997 Overall .972 1.006 1.029 1.006 .056 .089 .056 36.1%0 22.5% 9.0% 12.5% 9.1% 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 47 Subclass E^. WILDROSE Op .APYNidLL. hroaroxynn Audit Division Commercial Median Ratio Stratification Sale Price Case Processing Summary Count Percent 6 2.1% 4 1.4% 8.3% 57 19.7% 31 10.7% 33 11.4% 33 11.4% 26 9.0% 25 8.6% 00K `51 17.6% ''290 100.0% 0 290 Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Group Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered 1.018 .984 .132 25.7% 1.057 .988 .220 33.4% 1.022 1.007 .130 22.4% 1.000 1.002 .082 16.0% 1.000 1.001 .994 .997 .059 11.9% .070 13.8% .997 .998 .076 14.1% .997 .990 .150 30.4% 1.000 1.003 994 1.000 .047 8.9% .046 6.4% 1.000 1.025 .082 16.5% Case Processing Summary Count Percent 3 1.0% 2 00 ,; 1 0.3% 1 0.3% 2,0£}, :34 _ 4 1.4% 33 11.4% 1 2 0.7% 2 QC1' . ``'2 0.7% 1 0.3% 41 14.1% 2 0.7% 39 13.4% 4 0J ,,-°`, °112 38.6% 11.7% 2a 00 0.3% 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 48 WILDROSE NCONIVIA 11111 Audit Division Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Price Related Group Median Differential 0.7% 2.8% 1.0% 0.3% 100.0% Coefficient of Dispersion .096 Coefficient of Variation Median Centered .221 1.120 1.002 1.000 .000 15.9% 1.130 1.000 .000 1.000 1.008 .959 .979 .045 .107 8.2% 14.3% 2: 1.000 .998 .987 1.000 2; 2: .103 .000 24.0% • 1.307 1.215 .987 .994 .249 35.2% .013 7.k 1.000 1.000 .000 1.9% 22 00 " '.992 1.031 .065 9.8% 1.033 .982 .041 .999 1.058 .085 5.8% 16.4% 1.000 1.014 1.256 1.151 .072 .996 .999 .215 12.3% 30.4% .026 1.108 1.047 9279. 0+ e'rall 1.000 1.025 .999 1.000 .045 4.0%0 7.2% .000 .082 16.5% Age Case Processing Summary 2020 Statistical Report: 1Y'ELI) COUNTY Page 49 WILDROSE Audit Division Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Group Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered .221 1.120 .096 15.9% 1.001 1.022 .078 12.3% 993 .934 .100 24.7% 1.000 1.015 .045 7.7% .999 1.034 .071 13.2% 1.000 1.033 .082 16.2% 1.000 1.032 .066 11.2% 1.000 1.025 .082 16.5% Improved Area Case Processing Summary 290 Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Group Median Count Percent 1.0% 4.1% 14.5% 15.2% 10.7% 10.3% Price Related Differential .997 1.000 .056 44.1% 100.0% Coefficient of Dispersion Coefficient of Variation Median Centered 15.9% 17.9% 9.8% 999 1.033 .077 16.3% '10.9% .998 1.020 .079 1.000 1.030 .080 14.4% X.999 1.024 .073 15.5% 1.000 1.025 .082 16.5% Improvement Quality Case Processing Summary Count Percent Ovei Excluded' 0 4 1.4% 18 6.2% 2 18 6.2% 194 66.9% 56 19.3% 290 100.0% 290 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 50 10, WILDROSE Audit Division Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Group Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered .229 1.670 1.189 256.8% 1.000 1.089 .086 15.4% 2 " - 1.009 1.033 .063 12.4% 3 .997 1.025 .079 15.8% 4 1.000 1.026 .054 9.2% Overall 1.000 1.025 .082 16.5% Improvement Condition Case Processing Summary Count Percent CONDITION Overall 3 1.0% 0.3% 4 1.4% 3 282 97.2% 290 100.0% Excluded 0 Total 290 Ratio Statistics for currtot / tasp Coefficient of Price Related Coefficient of Variation Group Median Differential Dispersion Median Centered .221 1.120 .096 15.9% 1.168 1.000 .00O 2 1.043 1.022 .111 17.5% 3 1.000 1.030 .073 14.4% Overall, : 1.000 1.025 .082 16.5% Vacant Land Median Ratio Stratification Sale Price Case Processing Summary Count Percent SPRec LT $25K 16 4.5% 25k to $50K,' :; 23 6.5% 50K to $100K 162 45.9% $100K to $150K 49 13.9% $150K to $200K ` 28 7.9% $200K to $300K 19 5.4% $300K to $500K 24 6.8% $500K to $750K 11 3.1% $750Kto$1000K 14 4.0% Over $1,000K 7 2.0% 353 100.0% Overall Excluded 0 Total 353 2020 Statistical Report: Will) COUNTY Page 51 LDROSE WID,1 Audit Division Ratio Statistics for currind / tasp Group Median LT $25K $25K to $50K $50K to $100K .999 $100K to $150K ` .981 $150K to $200K; .959 $200K to $300K .920 $300K to $500K .890 $500K to $750K .971 $750K to $1,000K .952 Over $1,000K .998 Overall .989 Price Related Coefficient of Differential Dispersion Coefficient of Variation Median Centered 1.004 .997 .180 28.1% 1.020 1.000 1.001 1.000 .097 .087 .173 14.4% 15.1% 23.9% 1.000 .157 21.9% 1.010 .165 26.9% 1.003 .213 31.2% .995 .994 .084 .190 13.0% 31.2% 1.019 1.014 .085 .128 13.1% 20.0% Subclass Case Processing Summary Count Percent ABSTRLND 100.00 " 58 16.4% 200.00 16 300.00 3 520.00 1 550.00 2 1112.00 224 1115.00 3 1120.00 1 1125.00 4 1135.00 2 4.5% 0.8% 0.3% 0.6% 63.5% 0.8% 0.3% 1.1% 0.6% 2112.00 2120.00 2130.00 12 2135.00 12 7 2.0% 1.7% 3.4% 3.4% 3115.00 1 4147.00 1 0.3% 0.3% Overall Excluded 353 0 Total 353 100.0% 2020 Statistical Report: WELL) COUNTY Page 52 10, ILDRO,SE Audit Division Ratio Statistics for currind / tasp Group Median Price Related Differential Coefficient of Dispersion Coefficient of Variation Median Centered .988 .976 .993 _ .811 .819 .993 .719 .611 11 500 °1.400 .900 2'112, .982 1 00 ( .991 .928 2 35.00 .999 1.006 .986 1.140 1.014 .981 1.000 1.000 1.014 .305 .111 .133 .184 .099 .111 .000 .000 .128 10.7% 17.6% 34.6% 35.5% 15.7% 21.0% 29.9% 13.8% 16.5% 20.0% 2020 Statistical Report: WELD COUNTY Page 53 Hello