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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20222315.tiffRESOLUTION RE: SUBMITTING PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO THE WELD COUNTY HOME RULE CHARTER TO THE QUALIFIED ELECTORS AT THE GENERAL ELECTION ON NOVEMBER 8, 2022 WHEREAS, the Board of County Commissioners of Weld County, Colorado, pursuant to Colorado statute and the Weld County Home Rule Charter, is vested with the authority of administering the affairs of Weld County, Colorado, and WHEREAS, Article XVII, Section 17-1(1)(b), of the Weld County Home Rule Charter provides for the submittal to the qualified electors proposed Weld County Home Rule Charter ("Charter") amendments by Resolution of the Board, and WHEREAS, on May 27, 2022, Colorado Governor Jared Polis signed S.B. 22-230 ("SB 230"), thereby granting employees in Colorado counties, including home rule counties, the right to self -organize; the right to form, join, or assist an employee organization; and the right to engage in collective bargaining with their respective boards of county commissioners, and WHEREAS, such rights granted to county employees shall become effective July 1, 2023, and WHEREAS, Section 2 of SB 230 includes the following C.R.S. §8-3.3-105(2): 8-3.3-105. Counties - rights. (2) NOTHING IN THIS ARTICLE 3.3 OR IN A COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT MAY RESTRICT, DUPLICATE, OR USURP ANY RESPONSIBILITY OR AUTHORITY GRANTED TO THE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF ANY COUNTY BY THE STATE CONSTITUTION, A HOME RULE COUNTY CHARTER, OR ANY OTHER STATE LAW. WHEREAS, a county home rule charter grants responsibility and/or authority to its board of county commissioners to create and enforce a personnel system free of the requirement to engage in collective bargaining with county employees, and WHEREAS, if Weld County is required to engage in collective bargaining with Weld County employees, the estimated additional annual cost to the County would be $42,943,426.00 to $60,120,796.00, as shown in a document entitled, "COLLECTIVE BARGAINING BILL'S FISCAL IMPACT TO WELD COUNTY," written by Donald Warden, Weld County Director of Finance and Administration, which is attached hereto as Exhibit "A," and WHEREAS, Subsection 3-8(4)(f) of the Weld County Home Rule Charter ("the Charter") establishes the following duty of the Board of County Commissioners: Section 3-8. Powers and Duties. (4) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or diminishing the total authority and responsibility of the Board as herein provided, the powers and duties of the Board shall include duties and powers to: (f) Develop, or cause to be developed, a system of employment policies, rules, job classification and compensation plans in accordance with generally 4848179 Pages : 1 of 11 G c: Pio(AL%-), CAU3B), FU.Pigit/D‘4, 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 $0.00 HR(33/MR), c-rL3(80 2022-2315 Carly f ppes, Clerk and Recorder, Weld County , co iffv$./22 BO0013 lIII !4U 1R' u ��14�h'G� :ii' 'Gh+ �X' i ti�I 111 II SUBMIT PROPOSED CHARTER AMENDMENT TO QUALIFIED ELECTORS AT GENERAL ELECTION ON NOVEMBER 8, 2022 PAGE 2 accepted principles and promulgate such policies, rules and plans, under the authority of, and in compliance with, the provisions of pertinent Colorado and Federal statutes and this Charter, and WHEREAS, Charter Subsections 4-2(B)(1) and (2), task the Weld County Department of Human Resources with assisting the Board to develop the system of employment policies, rules, job classification and compensation plans, as follows: Section 4-2. Department of Finance and Administration. (B) The Division of Human Resources shall: (1) Assist the Board in the preparation of a system of employment policies, rules, job classification and compensation plans in accordance with generally accepted Personnel principles. (2) Such system shall include at least the following: (a) Employment and promotion in the County government shall be made upon the basis of quality, education, training, and experience necessary to carry out the duties and responsibilities of the work to be performed. (b) Classification and compensation according to duties and responsibilities pursuant to adoption of a classification and pay plan which shall from time to time be reviewed and amended by the Board as necessary. (c) Standards of employment based on conduct and performance of work and the procedures for creating and abolishing positions. (d) Dismissal, disciplinary and employee grievance procedures. (e) An appointing or employing authority may not employ or request the employment of any person who is related to him as spouse, parent, child, brother, sister or in-law. (f) (g) No employee shall, during working hours, engage in any political activity. The official hours of all Weld County Departments shall be as established by the Board in the Personnel Policies rules and regulations. (h) The Personnel system shall comply with the provisions of pertinent Colorado and Federal statutes. 4848179 Pages: 2 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Koppes, Clerk and Recorder, Weld County , CO 2022-2315 BC0013 II SUBMIT PROPOSED CHARTER AMENDMENT TO QUALIFIED ELECTORS AT GENERAL ELECTION ON NOVEMBER 8, 2022 PAGE 3 Thus, nothing in Charter Subsection 4-2(B)(2) either authorizes or creates a responsibility for the Board to include in the system of employment policies, rules, job classification and compensation plans a requirement of collective bargaining between the Board and County employees, and WHEREAS, in March 1990, by an 82% to 18% margin, Weld County voters rejected a proposed amendment of Charter Section 4-2 that would have required collective bargaining between the Board and the Communication Workers of America on behalf of all County employees, and WHEREAS, because of the potential enormous cost to Weld County taxpayers if State law requires the Board to engage in collective bargaining with Weld County employees, and to clearly state that the Board is not authorized to create, and has no responsibility to include, a requirement of collective bargaining between the Board and County employees in the County's in the system of employment policies, rules, job classification and compensation plans, the Board wishes to amend the Charter to include a new Subsection 4-2(B)(2)(i), to read as follows: Section 4-2. Department of Finance and Administration. (B) The Division of Human Resources shall: (2) Such system shall include at least the following: (i) The Personnel Policies, rules, regulations, job classification and compensation plans shall govern the employment relationship between the County and County employees. It is against public policy for the County to collectively bargain with County employees. The Board of County Commissioners shall not enter into any collective bargaining agreement with County employees. The County is under no obligation to recognize or negotiate with, for the purpose of collective bargaining, any collective bargaining unit of County employees, their exclusive representative(s), or any employee organization(s) chosen to represent them. WHEREAS, upon notice duly published in the Greeley Tribune on July 29, 2022, the Board held a public hearing on August 10, 2022, for the purpose of considering this Resolution and to give the public an opportunity to speak on the subject of referring such amendment to the November 8, 2022, General Election ballot for Weld County, and WHEREAS, upon consideration, the Board now desires to refer Weld County Ballot Question 1A, set forth in the attached Exhibit "B," to the qualified electors of Weld County at the November 8, 2022, General Election. 4848179 Pages: 3 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Koppel, Clerk and Recorder, Weld County , CO W10,101 2022-2315 BC0013 SUBMIT PROPOSED CHARTER AMENDMENT TO QUALIFIED ELECTORS AT GENERAL ELECTION ON NOVEMBER 8, 2022 PAGE 4 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of County Commissioners of Weld County, Colorado, that the proposed amendment to the Weld County Home Rule Charter, which is set forth above, be referred to the ballot for the November 8, 2022, General Election, and that the REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A regarding such amendment be presented in the form shown in the attached Exhibit "B." BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the Board that the Clerk to the Board is directed publish notice of the General Election, along with the full text of the REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A, within 30 days of this Resolution in the legal newspaper for Weld County. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the Board that each elector voting at the General Election and desirous of voting for or against said proposed amendment shall cast his or her ballot as provided by law, either "Yes" or "No" on REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A as shown in Exhibit "B." BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED by the Board that the proposition shown as REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A in Exhibit "B" shall be deemed "passed" and effective on November 8, 2022, upon the affirmative vote of more than fifty percent (50%) of the qualified electors of Weld County who vote on such proposition at the General Election on November 8, 2022. The above and foregoing Resolution was, on motion duly made and seconded, adopted by the following vote on the 10th day of August, A.D., 2022. BOA F D OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS WE CO Y, COLORADO ATTEST: d.dt,LA) G. JC�Cto•� Slott K. James, Chair Weld County Clerk to he Board County Attorney Date of signature: '/IO/22 4848179 Pages: 4 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Koppea, clerk and Reoorder, Weld County , cc VIII 1��1��4l.h�ICt��l'l�I��tl�+�II#�IhJlrti�Yk�h 1I III 2022-2315 BC0013 EXHIBIT "A" COLLECTIVE BARGAINING BILL'S FISCAL IMPACT TO WELD COUNTY The fiscal impact of the proposed collective bargaining bill on Weld County has been calculated based upon findings of third party published studies. The associated costs of unionization for an organization from the studies have been extrapolated by applying the costs or percentage of costs to Weld County's budget, costs of salary and benefits, and staffing numbers. The Weld County financial and demographic data used is as follows: • Full time equivalent employees (FTE) 1,823 • Total budget $379,739,671.00 • Total salary and wages $126,910,189.00 • Total benefit costs $44,863,515.00 • Total salary and benefits $171,773,704.00 A summary of the costs is provided below with the detailed findings supporting the costs in the narrative below: Unionization campaign costs to an organization can cost an organization $400,000.00 to $2,000,000.00. To be conservative the estimated cost to Weld County could be $400,000.00. Research indicates that the cost of running a unionized operation is 25% to 35% greater than for a non -unionized one. Using this generalized estimated added cost for Weld County it would add $42,943,426.00 to $60,120,796.00, if just salary and benefits were considered. If workers covered by a union contract in California earn an average of 12.9 percent more than non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries, it could result in added salary costs of $16,371,414.00 and added benefit costs of $5,787,393.00 for a total of $22,158,807.00 annually to Weld County. Total additional annual operating expenses for an organization with a union presence range from $900,000.00 (for a company with 100 employees) to more than $4,000,000.00 (for a company with as many as 2,000 employees.) The average cost for an employer Weld County's size would be $2,000.00 per employee times 1,823 employees or $3,646,000.00. Loss of productivity/output of union versus non-union employers equals 2.4%. A 2.4% loss in productivity for a workforce with $171,773,704.00 in salary and benefits alone equals $4,122,569.00 annually in costs for the taxpayers of Weld County or a decrease in equivalent services. Cost of union dues to county employees annually run between 1.5 to 4.0 percent of earnings. The range would be $1,903,653.00 to $5,076,407.00. With half of the union dues going to the union's international organization it would mean the local Weld County employees would send roughly $950,000.00 to $2,500,000.00 of their earnings out of state to the union's international headquarters each year. Intangible costs: Besides the hard cost above there are numerous intangible costs to the organization, which will impact services to the citizens of Weld County. 4848179 Pages: 5 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Koppel, Clerk and Recorder, Weld County , CO VIII��k�l I�'rlf. 1 Pill.9 III II 1 2022-2315 BC0013 CONCLUSION: If the proposed collective bargaining bill becomes law, Weld County could expect a one-time expense of approximately $400,000.00 to deal with the unionization campaign. Ongoing annual costs could range from a high of $42,943,426.00 to $60,120,796.00, if the generalized 25%-35% added cost from unionization is used. If more itemized costs from above are used, the ongoing annual costs are approximately $30 million ($29,927,376.00), plus, the intangible costs cited below. As a rule of thumb, Weld County is typically 5% of the total number for Colorado counites when talking about population, allocation of costs, etc. Using the 5% rule of thumb for Weld County's costs for collective bargaining it could mean it could cost a total of over $500 million to $600 million annually for all counties in Colorado. This bill could very likely become the costliest unfunded mandated bill to counties in the history of Colorado. The bottom line is the bill will adversely impact the citizens and taxpayers of Weld County paying more for county services or having to experience a reduction in county services. While Weld County employees would send roughly $950,000.00 to $2,500,000.00 of their earnings out of state to the union's international headquarters each year. Unionization campaign costs to an organization: In a study done by Projections, Inc., entitled The Cost of Unionization Labor, consultant Jim Gray found that organizations facing union organizing can expect to spend from $400,000.00 to well over $2 million on a single unionization campaign. Gray's analysis includes vital investments like legal counsel to keep the organization from running contrary to the law, costs like travel expenses, and spending time and resources to educate employees on sides of the unionization question. Add to that the lost productivity, the stress, and impact on citizens and customers served by the organization, the total cost is hard to quantify but can add up to thousands and even millions of dollars depending on the size of the organization. https://proiectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ Research indicates that the cost of running a unionized operation is 25% to 35% greater than for a non -unionized one: This figure does not reflect any negotiated changes in unionized employee wages or benefits. As an illustration, consider what was found at a recent Adams, Nash, Haskell & Sheridan national seminar when they reviewed the administrative budgets of a major manufacturing company. This well-known company operates 30 manufacturing plants; half are union free and half are unionized all or in part. The administrative budgets of the unionized plants were 30% higher due to: • Larger human resources staffs to deal with grievances, job descriptions, rate negotiations, time, and motion measurements, and "overcompliance" with government regulations. ("Bird dogs" overseeing workplace statute compliance are less prevalent in union -free facilities.) Increased involvement with regulatory agencies, especially those associated with hours and wages, OSHA and the EEOC. Expensive indirect costs in the form of outside services, such as the frequent need for a specialized labor attorney to deal with contract negotiations, handle grievances and arbitrations, and review compliance with a collective bargaining agreement. 4848179 Pages: 6 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Koppel, Clerk and Recorder, Wald County , Co lIII FAR "III 2 2022-2315 BC0013 Other costs of unions may include: Added administrative staff for calculating, deducting, and documenting employee union dues. Payment for employees who are called in to cover for other employees in steward or representative positions when they are attending to union business. Contracting with consultants to develop an action plan for a possible work stoppage or strike. Wages for short-term replacements if a strike occurs, which can be significantly higher than striking employees' wages, especially if replacements are required for highly -trained positions. • Employees also incur costs when a union wins a NLRB election. • The average annual cost of union dues is $400.00, or about two hours of pay per month. There is a disinclination of unions toward the contingent worker. Unions want full-time dues payers. The employee puts it all on the line during a labor dispute. It is the union employee who is not receiving a paycheck or benefits during a strike. https://an h. com/the-cost-of- unions/#:—:text=Research%20indicates%20that%20the%20cost,unionized%20emplovee%20wa qes%20or%20benefits. Workers covered by a union contract in California earn an average of 12.9 percent more than non-union workers: A study done by the UC Berkley Labor Center in 2018 (Union Effect in California #1 Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs) found that workers covered by a union contract in California earn an average of 12.9 percent more than non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. https://laborcenter. berkelev.edu/pdf/2018/Union-Effect-in-California-1. pdf Total additional annual operating expenses for an organization: Jim Gray, cited above, estimates that the total additional annual operating expenses for an organization with a union presence range from $900,000.00 (for a company with 100 employees) to more than $4,000,000.00 (for a company with as many as 2,000 employees.) These estimates do not include wages and benefits, but do include items such as: • additional training on managing in a union environment • additional Human Resources training and administrative support • ongoing legal fees • cost of arbitrations • handling of grievances • time spent in negotiations with each contract renewal • lost productivity due to union work rules • strike contingency planning to reassure customer • security in the event of unrest https://proiectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 4848179 Pages: 7 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R F..:$0.00 Carly Koppel, Clerk and Recorder, Weld County , CO VIII I�.rl�'�L�y�E�9'k;N+�'I'I hFi�rtlC�4rIL�l��h��� 1111 3 2022-2315 BC0013 Loss of productivity/output: Extending the research out to 10 years post -unionization, the Employment Policy Foundation (EPF) stated that a unionized company's output per employee is 2.4 percent less than a union -free competitor if that unionized company experiences just a .25 percent reduction in productivity. The EPF concluded that, unless the unionized company could sell their product at a higher price or other cost savings could be attained, the unionized company is likely to see 14 percent less in profits per labor hour than their non-union competitor. In his book, "Union Proof — Creating Your Successful Union Free Strategy," author Peter J. Bergeron noted that the cost of operating a unionized organization is estimated to be 25 to 35 percent higher than a union -free organization. Bergeron goes on to point out that unionized organizations lead to more extensive human resources staff, increased legal counsel, increased involvement with regulatory agencies, loss of flexibility, and increased labor costs due to rules on overtime, grievances, and arbitration processing and many other requirements. A 2021 study released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) supports these claims. Researchers found that, as of March 2021, union -free employees were paid an average of $25.43 per hour, while union employers in the same sector were obligated to $30.24 per hour. Additionally, unionized workers received $20.49 per hour in benefits, whereas union - free employers were able to keep benefits costs to $10.03 per hour per covered employee. Union dues are not accounted for in this study, but does any of that matter if the company — or entire industry — collapses under the strain? The differences in the cost of unionization to a company are significant when annualized. https://proiectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ Cost of union dues to county employees: Unions like to say, "it doesn't cost to belong to a union - it pays". Nationally the average union dues percentage in 2021 ranges from 1.5 to 4.0 percent of gross wages, depending on the union local and any assessment the local union charges. Unions talk about the cost and benefit of union membership in the same breath. The dues are said to benefit employees, but up to half of the dues go the union international organization. What is the cost of unionization? For union members, it's typically around two -and -a -half hours of pay each month. But, for a company, the cost of unionization is more in line with a 30% increase in operating expenses. And the cost of a union to a community — in lost jobs, loss of competitiveness and productivity, strikes, and consumer confidence — can be staggering. How are union dues calculated? The amount of union dues employees pay varies because each union sets the amount. Some unions charge a percent of pay, while others have a flat amount. The Teamsters Union dues rate is 2.5 times the hourly wage for one hour, plus two dollars for the strike fund if you make $11 per hour or more. If making less, it's 2.0 times, plus the strike fund. The UAW has a more complicated setup because, tellingly, they are trying to build an $850 million (yes, almost a billion dollars!) strike and defense fund. Until that goal is reached, UAW members are paying dues of 2.5 hours of straight time pay. After that amount is reached, dues are two hours of straight time pay. 4848179 Pages: 8 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Kopp., Clerk and R.00rdar, Weld County , CO VIII EirdRAII JAI TALIAirhL hNIN r'�� k#1 �h 1I II 4 2022-2315 BC0013 SEIU Local 2015 for California Long Term Caregivers has a regular member dues rate of three (3) percent of gross wages with a minimum of $15.50 and a maximum of $45 and includes the strike fund. So, the average union dues percentage in 2021 ranges from 1.5-4.0 percent of gross wages, depending on the union local and any assessments the local union charges. https://proiectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization- 2/#:—:text=Over%20the%20course%20of%20decades,on%20a%20single%20unionization%20c ampaiqn. Intangible Cost: In addition to obvious increased costs, there are those that affect morale, creativity, and resiliency. Ultimately, an organization's profit margin can decline. Productivity appears to be lower in unionized environments, possibly due to: Employee anger or frustration when the collective bargaining process for an initial contract lasts more than a year or does not result in the changes promised by a union during the organizing campaign. (About 75% of initial contracts are still being negotiated a year after the NLRB representation election, according to the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service [1996], and 50% of initial contract negotiations never achieve an executed agreement.) Union strategies and rules that impair the employee -employer relationship by playing on employee emotion and interfering with direct employee -supervisor communication, which cast the employer in the role of "enemy" and result in employee mistrust of all management. Diminished employee participation in workplace decision making via power sharing programs when such programs had been in place prior to an election. Employees having to cope with the divisiveness, name-calling and, sometimes, terrorizing behavior of union coworkers when they disagree in word or deed. Less flexibility -both internally and externally -to move quickly or creatively in response to change due to union rules and related contract language that results in rigid operating guidelines. Increased difficulty recruiting and retaining the most creative and effective employees. Union -imposed strictures often limit rewarding an employee based on performance or productivity and union grievance procedures tend to protect low -performing and negative employees. Decreased client or vendor satisfaction may occur if unionization affects service or product cost or quality. Another common objection to collective bargaining with public -employee unions was that it would mean taking some of the decision -making authority over government functions away from the people's elected representatives and transferring it to union officials, with whom the public had vested no such authority. In this view, democracy would be compromised when elected officials began sharing with union leaders the power to determine government employees' wages, benefits, and working conditions. Furthermore, collectively bargained work rules could alter what public servants did day to day in ways not condoned by either elected officials or the voting public. https://anh.com/the-cost-of-unions/ 4848179 Pages: 9 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 5 Carly Koppel', Clark and Recorder, Wald County , Co VIII II��IL'NIL41G i'� .11E MAMMA 11111 2022-2315 BC0013 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING BILL'S FISCAL IMPACT COUNTY OF WELD Full -Time Equivalents Total County Budget Total Salary and Wages Total Benefit Costs Total Salary and Benefits Unionization Added Costs 25% to 35% Union Earnings 12.9% Higher Added Annual Operating Costs Loss of Productivity/Output Cost of Union Dues 1.5% of earnings 4.0% of earnings 1823 $ 379,739,671.00 $ 126, 910,189.00 $ 44,863,515.00 $ 171,773,704.00 25% $ 42,943,426.00 35% $ 60,120,796.00 4848179 Pages: 10 of 11 6 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Koppel, Clerk and Reoorder, Wald County , CO 1111 IC��i ��11�11iIK� 11111 $ 22,158,808.00 $ 3,646,000.00 $ 4,122,569.00 $ 1, 903, 653.00 $ 5,076,408.00 2022-2315 BC0013 EXHIBIT "B" BALLOT QUESTION REFERRED TO NOVEMBER 8, 2022, ELECTION BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF WELD COUNTY: WELD COUNTY REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A Shall Section 4-2(B)(2)(i) be added to the Weld County Home Rule Charter to prohibit collective bargaining between Weld County and its employees, thus reading as follows? Section 4-2. Department of Finance and Administration. (B) The Division of Human Resources shall: (2) Such system shall include at least the following: (i) The Personnel Policies, rules, regulations, job classification and compensation plans shall govern the employment relationship between the County and County employees. It is against public policy for the County to collectively bargain with County employees. The Board of County Commissioners shall not enter into any collective bargaining agreement with County employees. The County is under no obligation to recognize or negotiate with, for the purpose of collective bargaining, any collective bargaining unit(s) of County employees, their exclusive representative(s), or any employee organization(s) chosen to represent them. Yes No 4848179 Pages: 11 of 11 08/12/2022 01:23 PM R Fee:$0.00 Carly Koopea, Clerk and Recorder, Weld County , CO I rdrime viNc 11R iviIitiii ki is 7 2022-2315 BC0013 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. peeve I R I Powered by \/v/ Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Don't Allow Allow THE COST OF UNIONIZATION What is tie cost of unionization? For union mem oers, its typically around two-anc -a-half r each month. But, for a company, the cost of unionization is more in line with a 30% increasE ooeratinc expenses. And the cost of a union to a community - in Lostjogs, loss of competit anc productivity, strikes. and consumer confidence In this post -pandemic ti mne, it's easy to get ca unionization, With a new pro -union administra excitement at the oolitica su a can be staggering. Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... F tl e�,. a . port they're currently receiving, unions are dearly https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 2022-2315 2/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. upswing. Despit unionization. I R I Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. the facts about the The Bureau of L Powered by VAC Don't Allow Allow l and salary workers \ y members of unions in 2020 was 10.8 percent (private and pubflc sectors combined), which percent increase from 2019. The hope is that this makes people believe the trend in the de union membership was reversing. However, the relative increase in union membership was due to a decline of 9.6 million fewer employees because of the pandemic. This made the membership rate higher. The fact is, overall union membership was down by 321,000 merr comparing 2020 to 2019. There are many reasons for the continued decline in union memt the financial cost to employees and employers is one of them. What impact do unions have on employers anc employees? Most research focuses on uni and benefits, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) shows that union workers continue tc than non-union workers. But the cost of unionization includes far more than wages, and the statistics are only a small fraction of the complete picture of the cost of unionization. As un workforce Grows, understanding the real and full cost of Labor unions on business, employ families, and the community is vital for a complete picture of the cost of unionization. The Cost of A Union Organizing Drive Laoor consultant Jim Gray specializes in helping business leaders with human resources a transitioning issues. Over the course of decades in working with companies facing union of drives, Gray found that companies could expect to spend anywhere from $400,000 to wel 2,000,000 on a single unionization campaign. Gray's analysis includes vital investments lit counsel to keep the company from running contrary to the law, costs like travel expenses, spending time and resources to educate employees on both sides of the unionization qua to that the Lost productivity, the stress, and a loss of consumer and vendor confidence, anc total cost that is often hard to quantify but can add up to thousands - even millions. And 01 the larger the company, the more a single unionization campaign costs. Today, we're in the path of a perfect storm h ' _ ' �4- �r 2 ei "1 if a union is tit path to a brighter future. The COVI D-1 and( Hey there! I'd love to send you our Snare- c 1 the g 9p latest report on maintaining direct companies have had to make to stay afloat hi relationships with employees... S. Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 3/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. permanently. Is$ uncertainty, anc I R I Powered by Vvs/ Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Don't Allow [ Allow ng the pandemic crE o unions. • prod UNIONIZATION EXPLAIN INSTANT STREAMING 1 Add to that Corporate Social Responsibility, wealth inequality, the push to pass the PRO Ac technology that supportec remote work actually making it easier for unions to organize en from traditional and non-traditional bargaining units, and the cost of unionization becomes relevant every day. The Amazon union vote in Bessemer. Alabama, got a lot of national attention. Teacher strik protests regarding returning to face-to-face classrooms, work stoppages, and walkouts ov perceived lac< of corporate responsi3ility for worker safety and a seeming Lack of concern contingent or cig workforce have each peen at the center of a rallying cry by unions. ThesE have provided a platform for greater visibility for unions. Unions have long stated that "it doesn't cost to belong to a union - it pays! ! But the cost of be enormous. During the 2020 pandemic, after two years of increases in the number of we stoppages, we saw fewer major work stoppages in 2020. Experts are predicting an increase stoppages in the second half of 2021 as people return to work. Unions' strategy for seeking out new members is to target em oloyees at crowing, profitabl companies. Fewer companies fit that Profile in 2020 and early 2021, having had to make cu competitive. But sucden change can cause fear in ornnLr ,00c ni it thorn squarely in the unions. When unions cannot seem to make h Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct working to maintain profitability by engaging relationships with employees... campaign is a strategic and concentrated effc. \. V. V % ' Vn 1 I I `ice V %...' % "oaf 1 1 I p.m" ',JAI II I. No/ ?S, thP"d' )ai 1 \� Doi, Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 4/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. the union's reprE the company b( How Muc for Employees I R I Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Powered by Vol Don't Allow Allow t. _ len the cost of unior t of Unioniza Unions still like to organize on a platform of "The Benefits Of Being A Union Worker" that workers receive higher wages and more benefits than non-union workers. But the real que why should employers pay more per hour to cover the cost of union dues? The Olice Of L Management analyzed union financial data for the period 2000-2019. In 2019, Sin billion w collected in dues, and only S3.75 billion went to representational activity. The average unio $2.5 million in dues in 2019, and about 36 percent went to representational activity And wit members, unions must increase the dues for existing members. meaning workers see an it the cost of unionization as well. How are union dues calculated? The amount of union dues employees pay varies becausE union sets the amount Some unions charge a percent of pay, white others have a flat amot Teamsters Union dues rate is 2.5 times the hourly wage for one hour plus two dollars for tie' fund if you make Sit per hour or more. If making less, its 2.0 times plus the strike fund. The UAW has a more complicated setup because, tellingly, they are trying to build an SE35( (yes, almost a billion dollars!) strike and defense fund. Until that goal is reached, UAW men paying dues of 2.5 hours of straight time pay. After that amount is reached, dues are two he straight time pay. SEIU Local 2015 for California Long Term Caregivers has a regular member dues rate of 3 r gross wages with a minimum of $15.5o and a maximum of $45 and includes the strike func average union dues percentage in 2021 ranges from 1.5-4.o percent of gross wages, deper union local and any assessments the local union charges. Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... 1 Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 5/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. I R I Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Powered by \/W;. Don't Allow Allow What Do Union Dues Pay For? Unions talk about the cost and oenefits of union membership in the same breath. The duet benefit employees, out uo to half of the cues (called per capita) go to the International. In E for their dues money, union memoers get: • Representation in collective bargaining • Representation during labor grievances • Established rules on wages and benefits • Established rules on issues like promotions and raises • Lobbying at the national level for laws that benefit organized labor • Established rules on job security, seniority, and tenure • Established rules on hours, scheduling what's important for employers to communicnfc is ±o of ti• oco con/ices. Employe their 1Loxi of lity to have Personal needs met, sc Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct em oloyees Lose their voice and aoility to spec relationships with employees... worker can be forced to stri Ke - often when t► . J stress L'Honi2 b ie rsc. Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 6/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. develop betweE devastate any o The Cost I R I Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Powered by Vv✓ Don't Allow Allow 's. them" mentality. v Why do so many orcanizations, such as Amazon, Wal-Mart, FecEx, Citigroup, Associated E Contractors, even the US Chamber of Commerce, take such a strong stance against unioni his landmark text, "Unions Are Not Inevitable!" author Lloyd M. Field explained, referencing studies conducted in the five years following unionization. Field found that newly organize company's operating costs increased by more than 25 percent of their gross payroll and bE costs. In his book, Field provides an example of a company with a total payroll of Si8 millic whom unionization would then result in $4.5 million in additional annual operating costs. Some years aco, researchers John Dinardo and David S Lee conducted a study on "Econor Of New Unionization On Private Sector Employers," in which they estimated the impact of t. on business survival, employment, output, productivity, and wages. They concluded that it wages and benefits have an insignificant impact on the market value of an organization. In since we have had reason to question the truth of this conclusion. Why did unionization pli significant rote in the automobile industry crisis? How did unions figure into the Hostess cri off over 18,000 workers? It's clear that the cost of unionization on a company can be devas. ability to survive in di cult. times. Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 7/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. Do union: remain a The additional d unions because I R I Powered by \ASAP Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Don't Allow r Allow LI IC 1.1I Ilk./I IJ WCI C II II LCILII IS L.VJLJ I,_J)/ .l.JJ lJlJ.L.JkJLJ. I I I y of a comp. ew York, sued const 10Wouit said the compan' forced to pay up to s7o an hour for someone to pick up coffee. The union's own financial st were being oassed along to employers. Unnecessary high costs like this were a product of union work rules requiring more workers than necessary and New York's prevailing wage l� While this is just one example, New York's construction unions are not the only unions that problem because their retirement funds are in crisis. Unions need new members and your workers to support retiring workers. In this case, in a completely legal scheme, New York's construction unions were setting wage rates based not on costs or market rates but on the need to fill their coffers. Gray estimates that the total additional annual operating expenses for an organization with presence range from Sgoo,000 (for a company with 100 employees) to more than S4,000,( company with as many as 2000 employees.) These estimates do not include wages and b do include items such as: • additional training on managing in a union environment • additional Human Resources training and administrative support • ongoing legal fees • cost of arbitrations • handling of grievances • time spent in negotiations with each contract rcneWal • lost productivity due to union work rules • strike contingency planning to reassure c:►astomPrs Hey there! I'd love to send you our • security in the event of unrest latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... • lost sales margin against non-union corr Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 8/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. Extending the rE stated that a un competitor if thi concluded that savings could b%. I R I Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Powered by WO Don't Allow %.a a.'b%41t 1,16:0" 16 rTv t tt V If frL V t.a ys e hour than their non-union competitor, I y �b..-1 Allow 1, I \\/ L 1/ nent Policy Foundati Bless than a union-frE Sduction in productk It at a higher price or g varcent less in profits In his book.. "Union Proof - Creating Your Successful Union Free Strategy" author Peter J. B noted that the cost of operating a unionized organization is estimated to be 25 to 35 percer than a union -free organization. Bergeron goes on to point out that unionized organizations more extensive human resources staff, increased legal counsel, increased involvement wit regulatory agencies, loss of flexibility, and increased labor costs due to rules on overtime, and arbitration processing and many other requirements. The Impact Of Unionization on Corporate Valuation David Lee conducted a second study, this time teaming up with another Professor of Econ Public Affairs at Princeton University, Alexandre Mas: this second study used a similar meth Lee's earlier study with DiNardo anc found that unionization reduced an organization's mar by approximately S4o,500 per worker eligible to vote in a unionizing campaign. A more recent project by Keegan Woods and Kelvin Jui Keng Tan at the University of Quee Looked at union influence from a different perspective. Does the influence of unions in the arena in the United States have a negative impact on corporate value? If so, do corporatior more than they would otherwise to try and offset union influence? The conclusion was tha unions do have a negative effect on firm value through the political channel (Lobbyinc paid union dues), forcing corporations to make more political contributions to stop the potential This is particularly relevant today as the oro-union Biden administration and House of Repr push for laws like the PRO Act, making it easier for employees, gig workers, and supervisor unions. With extensive operational costs and doterfi ' ` their strategies to avoid unionization. An intec communication with employees. __,� __..,-...I .r.1 I /\ .. /.I • itions must be Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... avrcr'nv e sti I • Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 9/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. As noted by Ber targets." If your employe I R I Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Powered by NA /...) Don't Allow , he unions` most accE you are the one to c information -- otherwise, the union wiRC do it tor you, and not in a beneticiat way. Employers provide useful information. In short, employees need to see current, relevant factual inforri neec to know aoout the things that can affect them, and they neec to know that upper ma is aware of the challenges they face on a daily basis." The Li orary of Economics anc Li ocrty points out that economists studying unions analyze cartels that restrict Laoor suoaty to force wages aoove the competitive levels. Think of aoa programs for the trades. They Limit the suooty of laoor. Once a union wins an election, they monopoly power to represent all employees. Unions get their monopolistic power from gc Policy and laws that protect them from things like antitrust Laws anc force employers to m( property avaita ale for union use, When ematoycrs face increased costs anc are forced to r wages, they inevitaaty hire fewer wor<ers. The True Cost of Unionization Given atl the factors working in favor of unions, now is the time for companies to emarace Proactive Era anc take measures to make sure employees understand the value of their sic their voice. Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... 1. Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 10/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. How do err union work A 2021 study ret found that, as of I R I Allow IRI to deliver you the latest developments! Never miss an update; opt out any time. Powered by \/WU Don't Allow • Allow union employerJ III LI IC JOI I IC JC<.LVI WGI C UlJtI9.. C1LCU LV .p jtJ.CLf pest tre for a union these claims. Reset age of $25.43 per ho I iuur. Additionally, unioni. workers received s2o.49 per hour in benefits, whereas union -free employers were aole to benefits costs to $1.0.03 per hour per covered employee. Union dues are not accounted foi study, but coes any of that matter if the company - or entire industry - collapses under the The differences in the cost of unionization to a company are significant when annualized, Union organizers and supporters may quote nu m pears like those and Point to the fact that r workers have median weekly earnings that are 84 Percent of the earnings for union worker cherry -pick facts, Leavinc out a Large piece of the total picture. If you don't talk to employees about the true cost of unionization, they will only hear the ur interpretation of statistics. Back Pefore 2000, most companies livec in the Reactive Era, only talking apout unions - al in remaining union -free - when there was an active organizing campaign. But constant fire was exhausting, and we all realized we needed to Get out in front of union activity. As we v diligently to understand what employees were thinking, the last two decades have been characterized as the Engagement Era. Positive employee relations was really coming into i the cost of preventing unionization shiftec to investments in avenues for campaign readinE feedback, in out, and so many employee surveys. Then, we ushered in 2020, a °ancemic, corporate social responsibility, and the beginning c in labor and employee relations. As Leacors today, we're exoocted to step up anc stay one step ahoac of the challenges fac today This shift has ushered us into a new era of la Dor and em Ployee relations - the Proac What does it mean for you anc the future of free employer must take preventive action nc Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... S re, .t) Et,. i Privacy - Terms https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 11/13 8/9/22, 11:05 AM The Cost of Unionization I Projections, Inc. employees to LE I and in out as we developments! Employers shot. I R Allow IRI to deliver you the latest Never miss an update; opt out any time. Powered by WO Don't Allow Allow ieir out out, but for th I employees of the r cost of unionization. I he marketplace is chau.engrng and competitive: make sure you and \ employees understand the cost of unionization in order to stay ahead. ig Print titrJa_ PDF Email About the Author Walter Orechwa Walter is IRI's Director of Digital Solutions and tie founder of UnionProof & A Better Leader. As the creator of Union Proof Certification, Walter provides expert advice, highly effective employee communication resources anc ongoing learning opportunities for Human Resources and Laaor Relations professionals, foLLow me on: f • in Hey there! I'd love to send you our latest report on maintaining direct relationships with employees... i https://projectionsinc.com/unionproof/the-cost-of-unionization-2/ 12/13 8/9/22, 11:08 AM What is the Cost of Unions? - Adams, Nash, Haskell and Sheridan Adams Nash Haskell & Sheridan St' eng f tl &Fionat = in the of of Kplac:e What is the Cost of Unions? Employer costs per hour worked for workers in private industry, by union or nonunion status, December 2018 $50.00 520.00 $10.00 Tangible Cost. $23,$5 Total Private 47.29 $6.27 $17145 U n io n 32.81 r $4,04 $0.06 $O.O4 Nonunion Legally required benefits ■ Retirement and savings • Long-term disability insurance ■ Short-term disability insurance ■ Health insurance • Life insurance a Supplemental pay • Paid leave • Wages and salaries cotnce: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Research indicates that the cost of running a unionized operation is 25% to 35% greater than for a non - unionized one, and this figure does not reflect any negotiated changes in unionized employee wages or benefits. As an illustration consider what we found at a recent Adams, Nash, Haskell & Sheridan national seminar when we reviewed the administrative budgets of a major manufacturing company. This well- known company operates 30 manufacturing plants; half are union free and half are unionized all or in part. The administrative budgets of the unionized plants were 30% higher due to: • Larger human resources staffs to deal with grievances, job descriptions, rate negotiations, time and motion measurements, and "overcompliance" with government regulations. ("Bird dogs" overseeing workplace statute compliance are less prevalent in union -free facilities.) https://anh.com/the-cost-of-unions/#:--:text=Research indicates that the cost,unionized employee wages or benefits 1/5 8/9/22, 11:08 AM What is the Cost of Unions? - Adams, Nash, Haskell and Sheridan • Increased involvement with regulatory agencies, especially those associated with hours and wages, OSHA and the EEOC. • Expensive indirect costs in the form of outside services, such as the frequent need for a specialized labor attorney to deal with contract negotiations, handle grievances and arbitrations, and review compliance with a collective bargaining agreement. • Other costs of unions may include: • Added administrative staff for calculating, deducting and documenting employee union dues. • Payment for employees who are called in to cover for other employees in steward or representative positions when they are attending to union business. • Contracting with consultants to develop an action plan for a possible work stoppage or strike. • Wages for short-term replacements if a strike occurs, which can be significantly higher than striking e mployees wages, especially if replacements are required for highly trained positions. • Employees also incur costs when a union wins a NLRB election. • The average annual cost of union dues is $400, or about two hours of pay per month. • There is a disinclination of unions toward the contingent worker. Unions want full-time dues payers. • The employee puts it all on the line during a labor dispute. It is the union employee who is not receiving a paycheck or benefits during a strike. Intangible Cost. In addition to obvious increased costs, there are those that affect morale, creativity and resiliency. Ultimately, an organization's profit margin can decline. Productivity appears to be lower in unionized environments, possibly due to: • Employee anger or frustration when the collective bargaining process for an initial contract lasts more than a year or does not result in the changes promised by a union during the organizing campaign. (About 75% of initial contracts are still being negotiated a year after the NLRB representation election according to the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service [1996], and 50% of initial contract negotiations never achieve an executed agreement.) • Union strategies and rules that impair the employee -employer relationship by playing on employee e motion and interfering with direct employee -supervisor communication, which cast the employer in the role of "enemy" and result in employee mistrust of all management. • Diminished employee participation in workplace decision making via power sharing programs when such programs had been in place prior to an election. • Employees having to cope with the divisiveness, name-calling and, sometimes, terrorizing behavior of union coworkers when they disagree in word or deed. • Less flexibility -both internally and externally -to move quickly or creatively in response to change due to union rules and related contract language that results in rigid operating guidelines. • Increased difficulty recruiting and retaining the most creative and effective employees. Union - imposed strictures often limit rewarding an employee based on performance or productivity and u nion grievance procedures tend to protect low -performing and negative employees. • Decreased client or vendor satisfaction may occur if unionization affects service or product cost or quality. https://anh.com/the-cost-of-unions/#:—:text=Research indicates that the cost,unionized employee wages or benefits 2/5 UC BERKELEY LABOR CENTER Research Brief UC Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education May 2018 The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs By Ken Jacobs and Sarah Thomason This brief is the first in a three-part series on The Union Effect in California. Unions have historically played a role in improving wages and benefits by enabling workers to join together to negotiate with employers. Recent research finds a persistent positive effect of unions on members' wages and household income (Farber et al. 2018). On their own, individual workers have little bargaining power with employers. When bargaining together, workers have raised not only their own wages, they have also helped to set higher standards that improve wages for union and non-union workers alike (Bivens et al. 2017). Income inequality in the United States has risen as the share of workers covered by a union contract has declined (Farber et al. 2018). In this report we analyze the difference in the wages, benefits, and use of public safety net programs of workers covered by union contracts in California compared to non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. We find: 16.9 percent of the workforce is covered by a union contract in California, compared to 12.1 percent nationally. This includes 58.9 percent of public sector workers and 9.2 percent of private sector workers. (52.5 percent of union workers in California are in the public sector.) o Workers covered by a union contract in California earn an average of 12.9 percent more than non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. t Overall, we estimate that unions increase workers' earnings in California by $18.5 billion annually through collective bargaining. Unions increase the likelihood that a worker will receive employer -sponsored health insurance by 37.2 percent, compared to non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. We estimate that 670,000 more Californians have health insurance through their employer as a result of collective bargaining in California. 0 Unions increase the likelihood a worker will be offered a retirement plan on the job by 51.5 percent, compared to non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. We estimate 830,000 more Californians are offered retirement plans due to collective bargaining in California. Unions decrease by 37.1 percent the likelihood of a worker living in a low-income family, compared to non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. 0 Unions decrease by 30.6 percent the likelihood that a worker is in a family where at least one member is enrolled in a public safety net program, compared to non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. Unions decrease by 30.9 percent the likelihood that a worker is in a family with at least one member enrolled in Medi-Cal, compared to non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. By organizing and bargaining collectively, union workers are able to significantly improve their wages, benefits, and working conditions. For many Californians, unions are an important pathway to the middle class. In what follows, we detail the findings of our analysis of Current Population Survey data for California. Finding 1: Unions Raise Workers' Wages Union workers have higher average earnings than non-union workers. Part of this difference is due to union coverage, and part to the fact that the two groups of workers are different in terms of their age, experience, educational attainment, and the industries in which they work (see Appendix 1). In order to estimate the wage difference attributable to union coverage, we use a regression model to control for industry and worker demographic characteristics (see Appendix 2 for a detailed description of data sources and methods). We estimate that workers covered by a union contract in California earn 12.9 percent more on average than non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries (see Table 2). Using the same regression model, we calculate how much union workers would earn if they were not covered by a union contract. We estimate that union workers earn on average an additional $5,800 more per year as a result of union coverage. This translates into an additional $18.5 billion in earnings for workers covered by a collective bargaining agreement in California The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs each year. (See Appendix 2 for a detailed description of methods.) Table 1 shows the increase in wages as a result of union collective bargaining in six California regions.' Our estimate of the union wage premium understates the full impact unions have on wages in California. Research has shown that unions also lift wages for non-union workers by setting wage standards across industries and sectors, and by advocating for policies such as the minimum wage. The state and multiple California cities and counties raised the minimum wage in recent years, thereby increasing earnings for many non-union workers and reducing the difference between union and non-union worker wages (Bivens et al. 2017; Walters and Mishel 2003). Table 1: Additional annual worker earnings as a result of union coverage, California and regions (2017 dollars) Additional annual Total additional annual earnings per worker earnings in California California $5,800 Bay Area Sacramento Area San Joaquin Valley Los Angeles Other Southern California Rest of California $5,300 $5,400 $7,000 $5,900 $5,500 $6,500 $18,500,000,000 $3,600,000,000 $1,200,000,000 $2,400,000,000 $4,600,000,000 $4,600,000,000 $2,000,000,000 Source: Authors' analysis of 2073-2077 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement and 2077 Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. Wages adjusted for inflation to 2077 dollars using the California CPI -W. Note: See Appendix 2 for a description of methods Finding 2: Unions Increase Access to Employment - Based Health Coverage Union workers are more likely to receive employment -based health insurance than their non- union counterparts. Figure 1 shows that in California, 77.1 percent of union members reported participating in an employment -based health plan between 2013 and 2017 compared to 49.4 percent of those not in a union. Again controlling for differences in industry anwd worker characteristics, we estimate that workers covered by a union contract are 37.2 percent more likely to have health coverage through an employment -based plan than their non-union counterparts, as shown in Table 2. We estimate that 670,000 more Californians have health insurance as a result of collective bargaining in California (see Appendix 2 for a detailed description of our methods). California's union workers also pay a lower share of premiums on average than their non-union counterparts and have plans with lower deductibles (Whitmore and Gabel 2017). The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs The differences in availability of health care plans on the job combined with higher wages translates into lower usage of California's public health care programs. We estimate that 31.6 percent of non-union workers in California are enrolled or have a family member enrolled in Medi-Cal, California's Medicaid program, compared to 19.5 percent of union families. As shown in Table 2, we find that union workers are 30.9 percent less likely to be in a family where at least one member is enrolled in Medi-Cal, compared to non-union workers with similar demographic characteristics and working in similar industries. Figure 1: Benefits, low-income status, and use of public safety net programs by union coverage, California Percent with health insurance through work* Percent with retirement plan or pension offered at work* Percent in a low-income family Percent in a family with a member enrolled in at least one safety net program** Percent in a family with a member enrolled in Medi-Cal** 49.4 39.7 11.2 24.3 17.5 27.8 19.5 31.6 77.1 74.6 N on-union U nion * Authors' analysis of 2073-2077 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement * * Authors' analysis of 2074-2075 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement and administrative data Finding 3: Unions Increase Access to Retirement Benefits Union workers are more likely than non-union workers to be offered retirement benefits by their employer. In California, 74.6 percent of workers covered by a collective bargaining agreement reported being offered a retirement plan through their job compared to 39.7 percent of non-union workers (see Figure 1). Comparing similar workers in similar industries, we find that union workers are 51.5 percent more likely to have a retirement plan through their job than their non-union counterparts, as shown in Table 2. We estimate that 830,000 more workers in California are offered a retirement plan or pension by their employer as a result of a collective bargaining agreement. (See Appendix 2 for a detailed description of the methods.) The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs Available data in California does not let us distinguish between defined benefit and defined contribution plans. Nationally, union workers are almost 50 percent more likely to have any kind of retirement plan at work and almost five times as likely to have a defined benefit pension than their non-union counterparts (Bureau of Labor Statistics 2017).2 Defined benefit pensions provide guaranteed lifelong retirement income to retirees and are managed by professionals. Defined contribution plans, such as 401(k)s, are individual investment accounts in which workers bear all investment risk as well as the risk of outliving their savings. Finding 4: Unions Increase Family Income and Decrease Reliance on Public Safety Net Programs Union members are less likely to earn low wages and live in low-income families (defined as family incomes less than 200 percent of the federal poverty line, or FPL). In California, 24.3 percent of non-union workers are in low-income families compared to 11.2 percent of union workers. Controlling for industry and worker characteristics, we estimate that workers covered by a union contract are 37.1 percent less likely to have family incomes under 200 percent FPL than their non-union counterparts, as shown in Table 2. With higher incomes and greater access to benefits, union families are less likely to need to rely on public safety net and health insurance programs to meet their basic needs. In this report we analyze the three largest programs providing income assistance: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), and Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF) cash assistance. We estimate that 27.8 percent of non-union workers are in a family relying on one or more of these programs, compared to 17.5 percent of workers covered by a union contract. Comparing similar workers in similar industries, we estimate that union workers are 30.6 percent less likely to be in a family that relies on a public safety net program than their non-union counterparts, as shown in Table 2 (page 6). The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs 5 Table 2: Regression -adjusted union premiums, California Regression -adjusted union premium Wages (percent change) Hourly wage* 12.9 Benefits (percent change in likelihood) Health insurance through work** Retirement plan or pension offered at work** 37.2 51.5 Use of public safety net programs (percent change in likelihood) Workers with a family member enrolled in at least one safety net program*** Workers with a family member enrolled in Medi-Cal*** -30.9 -30.6 Low-income status (percent change in likelihood) Worker's family is low-income** -37.1 * Authors' analysis of 2073-2017 Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Groups ** Authors' analysis of 2013-2017 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement *** Authors' analysis of 2014-2015 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement and administrative data. Safety net programs include the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF). Note: See Appendix 2 for details on regression methods. The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs Appendix 1: Percent of California workers covered by a union contract Percent of all workers covered by a union contract Percent of public sector workers covered by a union contract Percent of private sector workers covered by a union contract All workers 17.3 58.5 9.7 Gender Female Male 18.2 57.7 8.8 16.6 59.6 10.5 Age 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 8.0 14.5 19.2 29.5 55.7 21.0 22.0 63.0 62.4 60.6 6.2 8.8 10.5 11.5 11.5 Race/ethnicity* White Black Latino/a Asian Other 19.5 25.6 15.3 14.2 16.6 61.8 58.0 56.9 52.0 55.9 10.0 13.8 9.7 8.3 7.8 Nativity U.S. Born 19.8 60.3 10.7 Foreign -born Education High school diploma or less Some college Bachelor's or more 12.4 52.0 8.1 13A 18.9 19.7 51.6 9.9 58.7 11.4 60.9 8.0 Note: Percents are row percents Source: Authors' analysis of 2073-2077 Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Groups * Latinos of all races are included in the Latino/a category and all other race/ethnicity categories exclude Latino/a workers. The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs 7 Appendix 2: Data and Methods Data This report uses the Current Population Survey (CPS) for California. Specifically, we use the Economic Policy Institute CPS Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) files (2013-2017) for our hourly wage estimates and the IPUMS CPS Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) (2013- 2017) for estimates of health and retirement benefits and low-income status. We use the National Bureau of Economic Research CPS ASEC (2014-2015) for estimates of public safety net program and Medi-Cal enrollment. In all of our analyses, the sample is restricted to employed wage and salary workers age 18 to 64 who live in California. For wage estimates, we further restrict our sample to exclude observations with imputed wages. We define union workers as those who are either members of a union or covered by a union contract. Wage estimates We estimate the adjusted union wage premium using ordinary least squares regression of log wages on union status and include controls for age, age squared, two -digit industry, education, race/ethnicity, gender, marital status, nativity, year, and region within California. We then exponentiate the coefficient on union status and subtract one to convert from log points to a percent estimate. Wage premium estimates are based on analysis of pooled 2013-2017 data. To estimate the additional dollars paid to workers as the result of a union contract, we first use our regression equation to estimate the hourly wages of individual union workers under the counterfactual scenario that they were not covered by a union contract. We then construct annual earnings estimates for union workers based on (1) their actual hourly wage and (2) their predicted hourly wage in the counterfactual scenario where they were not in a union. For both measures, we multiply the hourly wage by the worker's usual weekly hours and by the average weeks worked per year for union workers in California, as estimated using the CPS ASEC for 2013-2017 (48.5 weeks). Next, we subtract the predicted annual earnings of union workers under the counterfactual scenario from their actual annual earnings to get the additional dollars earned as a result of having a union contract. The average difference across all union workers is then multiplied by the number of union workers in California, estimated by applying the California union density estimate from the CPS ORG 2013-2017 to the 2017 count of California workers from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. We use the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages because it is a more accurate source for employment counts than the Current Population Survey; as a result our estimated number of union workers in California is higher than in Hirsch and McPherson (2018). To arrive at regional estimates, we replicate this analysis within each region. Benefits, low-income status, and public safety net program estimates Adjusted estimates for health and retirement benefits, low-income status, and use of public safety net programs were estimated using logit regressions and include controls for age, age The Union Effect in California #1: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs squared, major industry, education, race/ethnicity, gender, marital status, nativity, and year We report the percentage difference in the marginal effects for union workers, estimated with and without the estimated union effect To estimate the additional number of workers in California who have employer -sponsored health insurance or are offered a retirement plan by'their employer, we multiply the number of union workers in California (estimated by applying the California union density estimate from the CPS ORG 2013-2017 to the 2017 count of California workers from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages) by the percentage -point difference between our regression -adjusted estimates of the proportion of union and non-union workers with the benefit Benefits and low-income status estimates are based on analysis of pooled 2013-2017 data, and use of public safety net program estimates are based on analysis of pooled 2014-2015 data The Union Effect in California #1 Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs 9 Endnotes 1 Bay Area includes Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Benito, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, and Sonoma Counties. Los Angeles includes Los Angeles County. Southern California includes Imperial, San Bernardino, San Diego, Orange, and Riverside Counties. Sacramento Area includes El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento, and Yolo Counties. San Joaquin Valley includes Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, Merced, San Joaquin, Stanislaus, and Tulare Counties. Rest of California includes all other counties in California. 2 These estimates are from the National Compensation Survey, an employer survey that yields higher coverage rates than the Current Population Survey. Bibliography Bivens, Josh, Lora Engdahl, Elise Gould, Teresa Kroeger, Lawrence Mishel McNicholas, Zane Mokhiber, Heidi Shierholz, Marni von Wilpert, Valerie Wilson, and Ben Zipperer. 2017. "How To- day's Unions Help Working People: Giving Workers the Power to Improve Their Jobs and Unrig the Economy." Policy Brief. Washington, D.C.: Economic Policy Institute. https://www.epi.org/ publication/how-todays-unions-help-working-people-giving-workers-the-power-to-improve- their-jobs-and-unrig-the-economy/. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2017. "Table 2. Retirement Benefits: Access, Participation, and Take- u p Rates,1 Civilian Workers,2 March 2017." https://www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/benefits/2017/owner- shi p/civilian/table02a.pdf. Farber, Henry S., Daniel Herbst, Ilyana Kuziemko, and Suresh Naidu. 2018. "Unions and Inequali- ty Over the Twentieth Century: New Evidence from Survey Data." Working Paper 24587. Nation- al Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w24587. Hirsch, Barry T., and David A. MacPherson. 2018. "Union Membership and Coverage Database from the CPS (Unionstats.Com)." 2018. http://www.unionstats.corn/. Walters, Matthew, and Lawrence Mishel. 2003. "How Unions Help All Workers." Economic Policy Institute. https://www.epi.org/publication/briefingpapers_bp143/. Whitmore, Heidi, and John Gabel. 2017. "California Employer Health Benefits: Prices Up, Cov- e rage Down." California Health Care Foundation. https://www.chcf.org/publication/califor- n ia-employer-health-benefits-prices-u p -coverage -down/. Institute for Research on Labor and Employment University of California, Berkeley 2521 Channing Way Berkeley, CA 94720-5555 (510) 642-0323 laborcenter.berkeley.edu UC BERKELEY LABOR CENTER UC Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education The Center for Labor Research and Education (Labor Center) is a public service project of the UC Berkeley Institute for Research on Labor and Employment that links academic resources with working people. Since 1964, the Labor Center has produced research, trainings, and curricula that deepen understanding of employment conditions and develop diverse new generations of leaders. Acknowledgements We thank Sylvia Allegretto, Annette Bernhardt, Dave Graham -Squire, Sara Hinkley, Jenifer MacGillvary, Carl Nadler, Katie Quan, and Nari Rhee for their invaluable advice and feedback. We also thank Ian Perry and Gabriel Sanchez for assistance with data analysis. About the Authors Ken Jacobs is chair of the UC Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education. Sarah Thomason is a research and policy associate at the UC Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education. Suggested Citation Jacobs, Ken and Sarah Thomason. The Union Effect in California #7: Wages, Benefits, and Use of Public Safety Net Programs. Center for Labor Research and Education, University of California, Berkeley. May 2018. http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/union-effect-in-california-1/. The analyses, interpretations, conclusions, and views expressed in this brief are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the UC Berkeley Institute for Research on Labor and Employment, the UC Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education, the Regents of the University of California, or collaborating organizations or fenders. Esther Gesick Subject: FW: Message from the BOCC regarding Charter Amendment From: Jerry Travis <itravis@weldgov.com> Sent: Tuesday, August 9, 2022 2:36 PM To: Steve Moreno <smoreno@weldgov.com> Subject: RE: Message from the BOCC regarding Charter Amendment Hi Steve, Hope all is well with you and yours. I just wanted to state that Weld County is a great place to work. Unions are bad news and not a good fit for us in my humble opinion. You sure we cannot defect to Wyoming? • Have a great day! Jerry Travis Weld County Technical Support Analyst Email: itravis@co.weld.co.us Phone: 970-400-2561 1401 N 17. Ave, Greeley, CO, 80631 From: BOCC <BOCC@CO.WELD.CO.US> Sent: Tuesday, August 9, 2022 2:16 PM To: ALLWELD@LISTSERV.CO.WELD.CO.US Subject: Message from the BOCC regarding Charter Amendment You don't often get email from bocc@co.weld.co.us. Learn why this is important On May 27, 2022, Colorado Governor Jared Polis signed S.B. 22-230 ("SB 230"), granting employees in Colorado counties, including home rule counties, the right to self -organize; the right to form, join, or assist an employee organization; and the right to engage in collective bargaining with their respective boards of county commissioners, such rights granted to county employees shall become effective July 1, 2023. SB 230 includes C.R.S. § 8-3.3-105 which allows home rule counties, such as Weld County, to include in their home rule charter a provision granting the responsibility and/or authority to its board of county commissioners to create and enforce a personnel system free of the requirement to engage in collective bargaining with county employees. Currently, in the Weld County home Rule Charter there is provision Section 3-8 (4) where the Board of Weld County Commissioners have the authority and duty to develop a system of employment policies, rules, job classification, and compensation plans in accordance with generally accepted principles and promulgate such policies, rules, and plans, under the authority of and in compliance with the provisions of pertinent Colorado and Federal statutes and the Charter. In accordance with the above charter provision, Weld County government has established employment policies and rules. Weld County's elected leadership, appointed officials, and senior leaders have worked hard for years to fairly compensate Weld County employees while balancing the interests of the taxpayers in Weld County. Weld County offers a competitive and well -liked benefits package, including unemployment insurance, healthcare, dental, vision, life insurance, disability insurance, worker's compensation, and a generous retirement package. On average, Weld County spends an additional $26,650 annually, or 36% of each employee's salary amount on a benefits package more generous than many in the private sector. The County provides a safe work environment, thoroughly investigates all disciplinary accusations, provides a grievance process, and proactively protects employees' rights. And we have done all of that without a collective bargaining law. SB22-230 creates a top -down collective bargaining obligation on county governments across Colorado and could jeopardize our working relationship with our employees. Collective bargaining (a required negotiation process that happens after a workforce votes to unionize) has the potential to create an adversarial relationship between the county and its workforce, instead of the cooperative relationship the Weld Board of County Commissioners has always had with our devoted employees. In addition, collective bargaining will necessitate additional staff time, legal resources, human resources expertise, loss in productivity, and dispute resolution costs. Based on national averages the cost of union dues to county employees annually runs between 1.5 to 4.0 percent of earnings. The range would be $1,900,000 to $5,000,000. With half of the union dues going to the union's international organization, the local Weld County employees would send roughly $950,000 to $2,500,000 of their earnings out of state to the union's international headquarters each year. In 1990 a small group of county employees and the Communications Workers of America union attempted to amend the Weld County Home Rule Charter to require recognition of unions in Weld County. The Weld County electorate voted down this union amendment to the Weld County Home Rule Charter 82% to 18%. The County Commissioners are of the opinion the sentiment of the Weld County voters has not changed since 1990, and the voters and taxpayers do not want Weld County government to be required to collectively bargain with unions. Fortunately, as a home rule county, the voters can amend the home rule charter to ensure that the Weld County Commissioners are under no obligation to recognize or negotiate with, for the purpose of collective bargaining, any collective bargaining unit of County employees. As a result, upon notice duly published in the Greeley Tribune on July 29, 2022, the Board of Weld County Commissioners held a public hearing on August 10, 2022, to consider a resolution and give the public an opportunity to speak about referring an amendment to the Weld County Home Rule Charter on November 8, 2022, General Election ballot for Weld County. As a result of unanimously approving the resolution Weld County voters will be asked to approve an amendment to the home rule charter that amends language in Section 4-2(B)(2)(i) to read: Section 4-2. Department of Finance and Administration. (B) The Division of Human Resources shall: (2) Such system shall include at least the following: (i) The Personnel Policies, rules, regulations, job classification, and compensation plans shall govern the employment relationship between the County and County employees. It is against public policy for the County to collectively bargain with County employees. The Board of County Commissioners shall not enter into any collective bargaining agreement with County employees. The County is under no obligation to recognize or negotiate with, for the purpose of collective bargaining, any collective bargaining unit of County employees, their exclusive representative(s), or any employee organization(s) chosen to represent them. Weld County government has a proud employment tradition of balancing the needs of county employees and the taxpayers that pay our salaries for the benefit of all. Weld County employment is a good job, some choose to make it a career, and the employees who serve Weld County residents are dedicated, public servants. Nowhere was this more on display than the recent public health emergency posed by COVID-19. Counties were the face of the local pandemic response, and our Weld County workforce admirably served our citizens during those trying times, working long hours as we fought to continue providing essential county services during a public health and economic crisis. 2 As a devoted Weld County employee, we hope you share the Commissioners' opinion that county employee/employer relations are a matter of local control and decisions on employment issues should be up to the board of county commissioners to balance the needs of county employees and taxpayers. The General Assembly should not be interfering in local employment matters injecting collective bargaining as an additional bureaucratic layer which is as unnecessary as it is expensive largely duplicating protections already in place through Weld County employment policies and rules. 3 NOTICE OF HEARING TO CONSIDER REFERRING A WELD COUNTY HOME RULE CHARTER AMENDMENT QUESTION TO THE BALLOT FOR THE NOVEMBER 8, 2022, GENERAL ELECTION DOCKET NUMBER: 2022-67 HEARING DATE: August 10, 2022 TIME: 10:00 a.m. NAME AND ADDRESS: Weld County, Colorado RE: Submitting Amendment to the Weld County Home Rule Charter to the Electors of the Election of November 8, 2022 PUBLISH DATE: July 29, 2022, in the Greeley Tribune FILE NO.: BC0013 STAFF: Bruce Barker, County Attorney On August 10, 2022, at 9 00 am, the Board will convene at 1150 0 Street, Greeley, Colorado, to consider placing the following proposed ballot question to amend the Weld County Home Rule Charter on the November 8, 2022, General Election ballot: PROPOSED BALLOT QUESTION TO BE REFERRED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF WELD COUNTY TO THE BALLOT FOR THE NOVEMBER 8, 2022, GENERAL ELECTION: WELD COUNTY REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A Shall Section 4-2(B)(2)(i) be added to the Weld County Home Rule Charter to prohibit collective bargaining between Weld County and its employees, thus reading as follows? Section 4-2. Department of Finance and Administration. (B) The Division of Human Resources shall: (2) Such system shall include at least the following: (i) The Personnel Policies, rules, regulations, job classification and compensation plans shall govern the employment relationship between the County and County employees. It is against public policy for the County to collectively bargain with County employees. The Board of County Commissioners shall not enter into any collective bargaining agreement with County employees. The County is under no obligation to recognize or negotiate with, for the purpose of collective bargaining, any collective bargaining unit of County employees, their exclusive representative(s), or any employee organization(s) chosen to represent them. Yes No 2 2-a3i5 At the Board's Hearing on August 10, 2022, members of the Public will have an opportunity to comment on this proposed ballot question. Alternatively, members of the Public may comment by E -Mail sent to egesick@weldgov.com, or by letter sent via U. S. Mail to the Board of County Commissioners of Weld County, P. O. Box 758, 1150 0 Street, Greeley, Colorado 80632. BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS WELD COUNTY, COLORADO DATED. July 27, 2022 PUBLISHED. July 29, 2022, in the Greeley Tribune. NOTICE OF HEARING TO CONSIDERREFERRING A WELD COUNTY HOME RULE CHARTER AMENDMENT QUESTION TO THE BALLOT FOR THE NOVEMBER 8, 2022, GENERAL ELECTION Docket Number: 2022-67 Hearing Date: Au ust 30, 2002 lime: 10:00 a.m. Name and address: EtRedfarateth2,:dradoRegarding:ndmentto theWeld e Charter to thection of November 8, 2022 Publish Date: July 29, 2022, in the Greeley Tribune File No.: BC0013 Staff: Bruce Barker, County Attorney lEbitrieginitteaffiti” 9 00 am, the Board will convene at 1150 0ado, to consider placing the following pro- bero8 20 2, General E action ballot me Rule PROPOSED BALLOT QUESTION TO BE REFERRED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMIS IONERS OF WELD COUNTY TO THE BALLOT FOR THE NOVEMBER & 2022, GENERAL ELECTION: WELD COUNTY REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A Figillailidg (B)(2)(i) be addedjig!' nty Homeprohibit collectiveeen Weldpployees, thus readitment of Finance a (8) The Division of Human Resources shall: (2) Such system shall idclude at least the following9: (i) T e Perionnol Policies, rules, rogulations, job classification and compensation plans shall govern the employment relationship between the County and County employees. It is g9ainst public policy for the County to collectively bargain with Counri emolovees. The Board of Yes No At the Board's Hearingg on August 10, 2022, members of the Pub- lic will have an opportunity to comment on this proposed ballot question. Alternatively, members of the Public may comment by email sent to egeslckLaweld ov.eom, or by letter sent via U. 5. Mail to the Board of County Commissioners of Weld County, P. 0. Box 758, 1150 0 Street Greeley, Colorado 80632. eaard of County Commissioners Weld County Colorado Dated: July `/, 2022 Published Greeley Tribune July 29, 2022 - 1909441 Prairie Mountain Media, LLC PUBLISHER'S AFFIDAVIT County of Weld State of Colorado The undersigned, Agent , being first duly sworn under oath, states and affirms as follows: 1. He/she Is the legal Advertising Reviewer of Prairie Mountain Media LLC, publisher of the Greeley Tribune. 2. The Greeley Tribune is a newspaper of general circulation that has been published continuously and without interruption for at least fifty-two weeks In Weld County and meets the legal requisites fora legal newspaper under Colo. Rev. Stat. 24-70-103. 3. The notice that is attached hereto is a true copy, publishedinthe Greeley Tribune in Weld County on the following date(s): Jul 29.2022 afore me thisv2 a ,, jtc43eddaaynodf sworn t Notary Public (SEAL) SHAYLA NAJERA NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF COLORADO NOTARY ID 20174031965 MY COMMISSION EXPIRUS July 31, 2025 Account: Ad Number: Fee: 1099690 1909441 $31.50 NOTICE OF BALLOT QUESTION REFERRED TO NOVEMBER 8, 2022, GENERAL ELECTION BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF WELD COUNTY In accordance with the provisions of Colorado Statute and Article XVII, Section 17-1(1)(b) of the Weld County Home Rule Charter, notice is hereby given that a ballot question regarding an amendment to the Weld County Home Rule Charter will be submitted to the qualified electors of Weld County at the November 8, 2022, General Election, pursuant to a Resolution of the Board of County Commissioners of Weld County, dated August 10, 2022. The election precinct shall be the entire County of Weld, Colorado. WELD COUNTY REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION 1A Shall Section 4-2(B)(2)(i) be added to the Weld County Home Rule Charter to prohibit collective bargaining between Weld County and its employees, thus reading as follows? Section 4-2. Department of Finance and Administration. (B) The Division of Human Resources shall: (2) Such system shall include at least the following: (i) The Personnel Policies, rules, regulations, job classification and compensation plans shall govern the employment relationship between the County and County employees. It is against public policy for the County to collectively bargain with County employees. The Board of County Commissioners shall not enter into any collective bargaining agreement with County employees. The County is under no obligation to recognize or negotiate with, for the purpose of collective bargaining, any collective bargaining unit of County employees, their exclusive representative(s), or any employee organization(s) chosen to represent them. Yes No Each qualified elector voting at the General Election desirous of voting for or against said amendment shall cast his or her ballot as provided by law, either "Yes" or "No." If passed, the text of the amendment shall be immediately incorporated into the Weld County Home Rule Charter. BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS WELD COUNTY, COLORADO DATED: August 24, 2022 PUBLISHED: August 26, 2022 wELD couNn REFERRED BALLOT QUESTION lA Shall Section 4-2(B>(z)(i), be added to the Weld County Home Rule Charter to pprohibit collective bargaining between Weld County and its empbyees, thus reading as follows? Prairie Mountain Media, LLC PUBLISHER'S AFFIDAVIT County of Weld State of Colorado The undersigned, Agent , being first duly sworn under oath, states and affirms as follows: 1. He/she is the legal Advertising Reviewer of Prairie Mountain Media LLC, publisher of the Greeley Tribune. 2. The Greeley Tribune is a newspaper of general circulation that has been published continuously and without interruption for at least fifty-two weeks in Weld County and meets the legal requisites fora legal newspaper under Colo. Rev. Stat. 24-70-103. 3. The notice that is attached hereto is a true copy, published in the Greeley Tribune in Weld County on the following date(s): Auq 26, 2022 Signature Widaaynodf swot to me before me this Notary Public (SEAL) Si,3Y9 AF7A,JE. 5A NO` A-F:1Y PiUSL as NOTARY ID 20174031965 MY COMMISSION EXPIRES July 31, 2025 Account: Ad Number: Fee: 1099690 1915780 $25.50 Hello