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_PRATT PROPERTY
CLOSURE PLAN
LAIDLAW WASTE SYSTEMS INC.
IC Project No. 2-1803
-Prepared For:
Laidlaw Waste Systems Inc.
6015 East 58th Avenue
Commerce City, Colorado 80022
Prepared by:
Industrial Compliance, Inc.
511 Orchard Street
Golden, Colorado 80110
March 28 , 1988
881330
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.LAIDLAW WASTE SYSTEMS INC. ApR 41988
sh-ALL,• GOL`J.
March 28, 1988
Mr. Steve Orzynski, P.E.
Public Health Engineer
Colorado Department of Health
Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division
4210 East 11th Avenue
Denver, Colorado 80220
Subject: Transmittal of closure documents for the Pratt
Property revegetation and monitoring.
Dear Mr. Orzynski:
The enclosed document fulfills the requirements set forth by
Weld County and the Colorado Department of Health for the
final closure of the Pratt Property adjacent to the Laidlaw
South Landfill in Weld County, Colorado. Taidlaw Waste
Systems Incorporated has committed to revegetating the
property, installing a methane venting system and to continue
monitoring for subsidence and ground-water quality at the
property.
Laidlaw will complete the revegetation of the Pratt Property
by June 1, 1988. Also, the proposed methane venting system
will be installed at the Pratt Property by August 31, 1988 .
Thank you for your time and please let us know if you have
any questions or require any further information regarding
the facility.
Sincerely,
��/1QmG✓%2J Cram„ /
Danamarie Schmitt
Special projects Manager
Laidlaw Waste Systems, Inc.
cc: Weld County Commissioners'
Weld County Planning Department
-Weld County Health Department
6015 EAST 58TH AVENUE,COMMERCE CITY, COLORADO 80022-3994 (303) 288-5558
PRATT PROPERTY CLOSURE PLAN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. 0 INTRODUCTION PAGE 1
2 . 0 GROUND-WATER MONITORING PAGE 2
3 . 0 METHANE VENTING PAGE 3
3 .1 Introduction PAGE 3
3 . 2 Vent -Design Considerations PAGE 3
3 .3 Vent Design PAGE 4
4 . 0 REVEGETATION OF THE -PRATT PROPERTY PAGE 9
4 .1 Introduction PAGE 9
4 . 2 Topsoil PAGE 9
4 . 3 Fertilizer PAGE 9
4 . 4 Seeding PAGE 10
4 . 5 Mulching. PAGE 10
4 . 6 Conclusions PAGE 10
5. 0 SUBSIDENCE AND CONSOLOIDATION MONITORING
OF THE PRATT PROPERTY PAGE 11
5. 1 Introduction PAGE 11
5. 2 Monument Locations and Construction PAGE 11
5. 3 Monitoring Program PAGE 12
6. 0 POST CLOSURE PAGE 13
6 . 1 Post Closure Monitoring PAGE 13
6 . 2 Post Closure Inspections PAGE 13
6 . 3 Post Closure Land -Use PAGE 13
1.D INTRODUCTION
Laidlaw Waste Systems, Inc. (Laidlaw) acquired the Western
Landfill, located in Weld County, Colorado on January 1,
1928 . The site is now referred to as the Laidlaw South
Landfill. Prior to ownership by Western Disposal, Western
Landfill was owned by Colorado Landfill Inc. and operated
under the name of Southwest Weld County Landfill . The 160
acre site, received -approval for the Use by Special Review
permit and a Certificate of Designation (CD) and -was opened
in 1979 .
During operation of the landfill, the Pratt Property, an
adjacent landfill operation, was acquired and operated by
Colorado Landfill, Inc. The Pratt Property, approximately 25
acres, was opened in 1964 and operated until 1969 . The
adjacent _Pratt Property -was, at that time, an inactive open
dump.
Colorado Landfill, Inc. renewed operations at the Pratt
Property under a separate -Use by Special Review permit and CD
with the intention of filling it to elevations consistent
with the Southwest Weld County Landfill design and closing it
in an environmentally acceptable manner. The requirements of
the CD's for Southwest Weld County Landfill and the Pratt
Property remained in force through the ownership by Western
Disposal and subsequent acquisition _by Laidlaw. Currently,
the Pratt Property has been completely filled, covered and
brought up to final grade. Laidlaw has committed to methane
venting, revegetation and monitoring of the Pratt Property in
accordance with the permit requirements.
This report details the remaining activities that must be
completed to properly close the Pratt Property site. The
closure plan addresses the following Use by Special Review
operation standards:
* Ground-water monitoring (Standard 5)
a Methane venting (Standard 15)
* 12evegetation of the Pratt Property (Standard 17)
a Subsidence monitoring (Standard 19)
The document presents detailed procedures for meeting the
above operations standards to submit to the Weld County Board
of Commissioners.
1
2 . 0 GROUND WATER MONITORING
This report section presents a ground-water monitoring plan
to be implemented by Laidlaw at the current -Western Landfill
and Pratt Property. The two properties are being monitored
under one program because the sites are adjacent to each
-other. The purpose of the monitoring program is to evaluate
water quality beneath the landfill . The program is
consistent with the regulations and accepted protocols as set
by the Colorado Department of -Health (CDH) and the Weld
County Use by Special Review permit. The plan and an
amendment is included as Attachment A.
The landfill is on the northwestern flank of the Denver
Basin, a large structural basin that contains important
ground-water resources in the upper portion as well as
economic oil and gas reserves at depth. Laboratory testing
indicates that both the surficial and bedrock materials
underlying the site have extremely low permeabiliti-es.
Fractured coal beds -may _have more moderate permeabilities.
The near—surface materials found beneath the site are
generally unsaturated. The exception to this is the area
beneath the drainage that transect the abandoned and active
portions of the landfill . Materials located here are
saturated to differing depths and probably represent discrete
pockets of perched water.
The probability of impacting potentially usable ground waters
-in the coal and in the Laramie-Fox Hills (L-F) Aquifer (the
shallowest ground-water source besides the surficial ground
waters) is negligible. Nearly 200 feet of materials with
permeabilities less than 1 10-7 cm/sec should hydraulically
-isolate the Tear surface waters from the coals. An additional
250 feet of similar materials provide adequate protection fox
the L-F Aquifer. The only ground-water migration -pathway that
may pose a potential threat is the near surface materials
found beneath the gully. The current monitoring system at the
Laidlaw South Landfill provides an adequate program for the
Pratt Property.
Laidlaw will continue to contract with an independent firm to
complete the monitoring results on a quarterly basis and
conduct a statistical analysis. The independent contractor
will also forward the results to CDH and Weld County, if
Laidlaw considers it appropriate.
2
3 . 0 METHANE VENTING
3 . 1 Introduction
Operational standard 15 of the USR states:
"At closure, the applicant shall install methane
venting on two hundred (200) feet centers in areas
of the fill whe-re its thickness is greater than
ten (10) feet. "
The operations plan for the landfill contained the following
vent description:
" For solid waste fill areas in excess of 10 font total
depth, well vents will be installed in a grid pattern at
200 foot spacing to with-in 2 feet of the bottom of the
fill . -Well vents shall be at least 12 inches in
diameter, backfilled with clean coarse gravel around a 2
inch perforated plastic pipe. Each vent pipe shall be
open to the atmosphere and marked by installing a
standard steel fence post adjacent to the -vent. "
Laidlaw is exploring the possibility of installing an active
methane -venting system at the Pratt Property. The -well
construction of the passive system will incorporate the
fittings necessary to retrofit it for active methane vents.
3 . 2 Vent Design Considerations
✓ents installed in 8-inch diameter holes will provide the
same approximate gas recovery potential as 12-inch diameter
holes. The following evidence is cited as proof:
First, the Thiem equation for flow to a well is
Q=[2* *k*D* (h2-h1) l/ [ln(r2/r1) ]
-Where r2 and r1 are the radius of influence and the radius of
the well respectively. If we assume a radius of influence of
100 feet, the radius for wells placed on 20O-foot centers,
the results for differing well radii are:
Well radius (r2) 3" 4" 5" 6"
Well diameter 6" 8" 10" 12"
1n(100/r2) 5. 99 5. 70 5.48 5 . 30
If we assume all other terms are approximately equivalent,
3
and this is a -safe assumption for a passive venting system,
then the theoretical flow rate for an 8-inch vent would be
93% of the rate for a 12-inch vent.
Second, the relative permeability of the uncompacted refuse
is approximately equivalent to that of a pea gravel. A
number of slug tests were completed on monitor wells
completed in uncompacted -refuse in an old dump with a history
similar to that of the original Pratt dump. The
representative hydraulic conductivity (k in the above
equation) was 7x10-3 centimeters per second (cm/s) (Fox
Consultants, Inc. 1984) . The U.S. -Bureau of Reclamation
estimates the hydraulic conductivity of a pea gravel at about
lx1D-1 cm/sec, a difference of only 14 . For a passive venting
system, where no artificial vacuum is applied, the additional
two radial inches of refuse in a 8-inch diameter well will
not substantially retard the flow of methane gas -to the vent.
3 . 3 Vent Design
The methane venting system will be built to allow
retrofitting an active system to the -initially installed
passive system and will have vents placed on -a 200 foot grid
over the Pratt Property. The vents will be 8-inch borings
advanced to -within 2 feet of the base of the trash or to the
water table, whichever is reached first. PVC pipe with 4-
inch diameters will be placed in these borings with
perforated or slotted casing beginning within 2 feet of the
bottom of the landfill cap and continuing to approximately 2
feet above the base of the boring. The PVC pipe will have a
tee approximately two feet beneath the surface of the
Landfill that is capped and can be retrofitted to -install a
manifold system for an active venting system. The annular
space of the boring will be filled with pea gravel to a point
above the tee. A 1 to 2 foot clay seal will be placed on the
pea gravel and the remaining space to the top of the boring
will be compacted fill material . Figure 3 . 1 is a diagram of
the passive system and Figure 3 .2 is a diagram showing the
4
Figure 3 . 1 - Passive Methane Venting
•
TYPICAL WELL
STICKUP 2 FT.
b IN TOPSOIL • ^ • . ^ . _ ^ _ ^
F^•'^ • ^ - - ^^^ - - ^^ COMPACTED FILL
-2 IN PVC CASING
E aY �� 1 TD 2 FT CL AY3E AL
. O
PIPE CAP
z
— LL
9301
I
-
w - CZ
IC _ D'
i D� 1 INCH STONE BACY.F ILL
ITZ a
o 2-INCHaLOTTED CASING
—f
SCHEDULE 40 PVC
S
00
- oC
,0
en
— 0610 CAP
44
OO � APPROX WATER TABLE
ti6fl
O
O "
I 8T0121N I
5
Figure 3 . 2 - Active Methane Venting System
TYPICAL WELL CONCRETE PAD
STICKUP 2 FT.
6 IN TOPSOIL
i . ::::= ;:. ;,:. . . - . ::. _- _ . - H
COMPACTED FILL SAMPLING . . .•. .
�.-^\ ' ' ' ; TUBE
1 TO 2 FT CLAY SEAL. \ PVC HEAD
E. F 2 IN PVC CASIIJG \\?y �`J�
w 9
T.. w I I
N
JI I MIN 2%SLOPE
f
6%—
W _ 66
— d'
o
U] N
Lai
L o
ix
> �} 1 INCH STONE BACKF ILL
r
Qo _ 4
0 2-INCH SLOTTED CASING
—04
/� SCHEDULE 40 PVC
_ V SEE DETAILS A ANDS
0
0
- C1- CAP
�4
II
b APPROX WATER T ABLE
ID rn
06-0
I B TO 12 IN I
6
Figure 3 . 3 - Perforation and Slotting Patterns
PERFORATIONS pi
ED
.-.1Y)
� _�„
' 3/8 IN HOLES) Sc E4 I INCH --14
DETAIL A
DRILLED PERFORATIONS
3 TO 6 INCHES
U U - U -
14
o - n - n
SLOTS ARE CUT TO DEPTHS 1/6 TO 1/3 OF THE CASING DIAMETER
AND ARE RADIALLY STAGGERED
DETAIL B
SLOTTED PERFORATIONS
7
active system after retrofitting. Figure 3 . 3 shows
perforation and slotting patterns. Either type of pattern is
acceptable and will be chosen by the installer.
The methane venting system will be installed in accordance
with the standards set by Weld County. If Laidlaw chooses to
use an active system, more detailed design work will be
completed and submitted for review by both Weld County and
the Colorado Department of Health.
8
4 . 0 REVEGETATION OF THE PRATT PROPERTY
4 . 1 Introduction
The following are recommendations for the revegetation
program of the Pratt property site. Industrial Compliance
Inc. contacted the Soil Conservation Services (SCS) of
Longmont for recommendations for restoring the area to a
condition that is as close as possible to its original
vegetative cover. A copy of Standards and Specifications,
Critical Area Planting, and Mulching provided by the SCS is
included as Attachment B.
The program calls for laying down a topsoil layer,
fertilizing according to the soil analysis, seeding with
native grasses, and mulching with a high grade hay. Some of
the recommendations concerning the amount of fertilizer used
may change depending on the results of the soil test.
4 . 2 Topsoil
The topsoil scheduled to be used in the area will be taken
from a soil borrow area southeast of the Pratt property. The
top soil is currently supporting vegetation and will sustain
the grasses to be used in the revegetation plan. Topsoil
building will not be necessary due to a sufficient amount of
organic material already present.
Approximately 8 - 12 inches of topsoil will be scraped from a
soil borrow area and stored in stock piles until revegetation
activities begin. The final layer of topsoil will be a
minimum of 6 inches thick. It is important to assure that
the seed will have a firm bed and will minimize wind erosion.
This can be accommodated by rolling or harrowing the topsoil
prior to seed planting.
4 . 3 Fertilizer
The SCS suggested a minimum 40 pounds of available nitrogen
and 40 pounds of phosphorous (as phosphate) be applied per
acre. A soil sample taken of the topsoil from the borrow area
was submitted for analysis. A review of these results will
allow for a better determination of the application rate of
fertilizer for the site specific topsoil. Fertilizing will be
done immediately prior to seeding to reduce the possibility
of dispersion by wind and rain.
9
4 . 4 Seeding
The types of native grasses chosen for revegetation in this
area are Luna Pubescent Wheat and Arriba Western Wheatgrass.
The blend of 80 and 20 percent respectively is recommended.
Luna Pubescent Wheat establishes itself quicker to stabilize
the soil. Arriba Western Wheatgrass takes longer to establish
but is a hardier variety that is more tolerant of adverse
conditions such as drought.
Seed placement will be accommodated by drill seeding to a
depth of 1/4 - 3/4 of an inch. This method uses less seed
than broadcast seeding and insures the seed will be at a
proper depth for germination. Approximately 7 . 2 pounds of
Luna Pubescent Wheat and 1. 6 pounds of Arriba Western
Wheatgrass seed will be used per acre. Pure live seed (PLS)
should be used to insure the no weeds or inert material such
as seed hulls or weeds are included in the seed blend.
4 . 5 Mulching
Using mulch provides protection for the seed by conserving
moisture, reducing runoff, and protection from foraging birds
and insects. The mulch should be crimped or bent to keep it
in place. A high quality hay should be used as mulch. This
will provide a good seed later and lower the possibility of
introducing weeds that may gain an advantage in the seeded
area. An application rate of 4000 pounds per acre is
recommended.
4 . 6 Conclusions
Following the above recommendations will restore Pratt
property to a range land compatible with the natural
surrounding vegetation. Erosion by wind and precipitation
will be reduced thereby preserving the landfill cap.
10
5. 0 SUBSIDENCE AND CONSOLIDATION MONITORING OF THE PRATT
PROPERTY
5 . 1 Intronuction
The current Western Landfill is undermined by the Columbine
Mine, one of the largest mines in the Boulder/Weld coal
field. The shafts of the Columbine Mine are approximately 300
to 400 feet beneath the surface, creating the potential for
subsidence over much of the Western Landfill including the
Pratt Property_. In addition to the mines underlying the site,
there is the likelihood of consolidation of the refuse
causing settling of the Pratt Property.
Standard 19 and Standard 14 of the Use By Special Review
(USR) permit issued by Weld County, specify that subsidence
monitoring will be completed semi-annually on the southern
portion of the Pratt Property as well as on the combined site
for a period of five years after closure. The results of each
monitoring effort will be documented to verify the condition
of the site, and will be submitted to the Weld County and
Colorado -State Health Departments for review.
Industrial Compliance Inc. has been retained by Laidlaw to
prepare this subsidence and consolidation monitoring plan for
the Pratt Property. Settlement of refuse and subsidence at a
landfill will result in depressions in the final cover that
will pond water. This ponded water has the potential to
infiltrate and create excessive leachate. Any settlement
should be filled to promote positive runoff.
5 . 2 Monument Locations and Construction
Monuments used for monitoring subsidence and consolidation
will be constructed at five locations on the Pratt Property.
The monument locations are selected to comply with the USR
requirements and are as follows:
Monument 1 - Control point in the northeastern corner of
the Pratt Property.
Monument 2 - Subsidence monitoring point along the
southern fenceline of the Pratt Property.
Monument 3 - Consolidation monitoring point located on
the eastern third of the landfill where refuse was
buried in the gully.
Monument 4 - Consolidation monitoring point located on
11
the western third of the landfill where refuse was
buried in the gully.
Monument 5 - Consolidation monitoring point located on
the southern border on top of the filled area.
The monuments will be set in the ground approximately 18
inches and will be constructed of steel reinforced concrete.
Each monument will be permanently numbered.
5. 3 Monitoring Program
The monuments will be constructed and the initial elevations
and locations will be surveyed and documented by a registered
Professional Land Surveyor (PLS) . The elevations of the
monuments will subsequently be surveyed on a semi-yearly
basis for a period of 5 years. The surveying will be
completed and certified by a registered PLS. The results of
each monitoring effort will be recorded, interpreted, and
forwarded to Laidlaw in letter form incorporating any
necessary recommendations. The monitoring results will also
be forwarded to Weld County and to the Colorado Department of
Health either by Laidlaw or their independent contractor.
The results will be interpreted to conclude whether there is
a possibility for water ponding on the landfill surface. If
there is, actions will be taken to place soil in these areas
and bring the landfill back to final grades to ensure runoff
to the perimeter drainages. The refilled areas will then be
reclaimed according to the Pratt Property revegetation plan.
The monument will be covered over and will therefore, need to
be replaced. The replacement monument will be located atop
the newly filled area adjacent to the previous monument. It
will be constructed in the same manner as the initial
monuments and will be surveyed in by a registered PLS and
continue to be monitored on a semi-yearly basis.
12
6. 0 Post Closure
6. 1 Post Closure Monitoring
The nine groundwater monitoring wells will be sampled or
checked quarterly during the post closure period of five
years. Analyses will be identical to those conducted during
the life of the facility.
If monitoring results for a given sampling vary significantly
from previous samplings, additional samples will be collected
and analyzed. If the additional results confirm a significant
and adverse change in conditions, the state and county will
be notified of the results within five working days. The
operator will request a meeting with Weld County and the
Colorado State Department of Health to discuss the monitoring
results. If necessary, confirmation sampling and testing will
be conducted. If an environmental problem is confirmed, the
operator will have an additional 30 days to evaluate the data
and present a plan of action to both the county and the
state. The plan will include specific actions and a time
schedule required to correct the situation. On approval, the
plan will be implemented.
6. 2 Post Closure Inspections
Inspections of the Pratt Property will be conducted
throughout the 5 year post closure period. The inspections
will include documentation of surface cracking, erosion,
slope angles, drainage, and condition of vegetation.
Subsidence monitoring, as outlined in section 5. 1 of this
report, will also be conducted during the 5 year post closure
period.
6. 3 Post Closure Land Use
Future land use and development of the Pratt Property will be
determined by Laidlaw upon closure of the site. Use of the
property for farming or livestock grazing is the most likely
end land use at this time.
13
Respectfully Submitted: Reviewed By:
INDUSTRIAL COMPLIANCE INC.
(t. .*C-Wre"-\.. OL'-------- titell g iS
Curtis J. Ahrendsen Michael H. Stewart, P. E.
Environmental Engineer Senior Engineer
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14
ATTACHMENT A
GROUND-WATER MONITORING PROGRAM
14
Ground-Water Monitoring Plan
For The Laidlaw South Landfill
By:
Industrial Compliance Incorporated
511 Orchard Street
Golden Colorado 80401
(303) 277-1400
Project Number: 1-1803
March 28 , 1988
1
Monitoring Procedure
Premonitoring Activities
Table 2 contains all the information on what you must do
prior to beginning monitoring. The two main activities are
to order sample bottles from a laboratory and to check to
ensure that you have all of the necessary equipment. If you
desire, ICI can order the bottles and have them sent to you.
The equipment should be checked to make sure that it is all
there and functioning correctly the day before monitoring.
Procedures for Monitoring Holes
The following items should be completed and noted on the
field data sheet for each well that is dry (no free-standing
water in well)
- The depth of the well. A weighted tape should be
dropped to the bottom of each well, the total depth
measured, and recorded.
- The condition of the well. Should be noted as okay
or specific problems outlined.
- General comments. Information on when repairs were
completed, if the probe was dry after measurement
of the well depth, etc.
2
Table 2 - Premonitoring Checklist
Analysis: EPA Method 624 for Volatile Organics
- Give name of project: Brunswick
- Repeat above method.
- Tell them that you need a cooler.
Check Equipment
Calculator
Paper Towels
Water level indicator
5-gallon bucket
Copy of Field Data Sheet (original attached to this
document)
4 gallons of distilled water
pH meter with calibration solutions (calibrate
morning of sampling)
Thermometer
Laundry basket
Ice (on day of sampling)
Bailer
3
There are really only two types of wet wells that you must
sample: those that can be bailed dry and those that produce
enough water to sustain continuous bailing. The procedures
for bailing each well are discussed below.
Sampling a Well That Can Be Bailed Dry
The following procedures should be followed for this
type of well :
1) Inspect the well. Note any problems that must be
corrected in the comments portion of the Field Data
Sheet.
2) Remove the cap. Remove the bailing rope that is
suspended in the well and place it in the laundry
basket (make sure that the basket is clean and
rinsed with distilled water) .
3) Measure the depth to water using a tape with a
"plopper" on the end. (Make sure plopper is
cleaned and rinsed with distilled water prior to
inserting in the well) . Write this depth on the
Field Data Sheet.
4) Calculate the volume of water in the well and write
it on the Field Data Sheet. (Instructions to do
this are on the sheet) .
5) Securely attach the ropeto the bailer. Remove the
water and place it in the 5-gallon bucket.
Continue to bail the well until it is "dry" (with
6-inches of the bottom is typically as close as you
can get) . You can empty the bucket on the ground
when it is full, but keep track of the total volume
of water removed. When the well is bailed "dry"
write total volume of water removed in the Volume
Removed column of the Field Data Sheet. DO NOT LET
BAILER TOUCH GROUND. PLACE ALL ROPE IN BASKET SO
THAT IT DOES NOT GET DIRTY.
6) Clean bailer and laundry basket with distilled
water.
7) Go perform other activities so that the well can
recover and enough water will be present to fill
all sample bottles.
4
8) Return to well, label and fill sample bottles
according to instructions in Section 3 .
9) Remove rope from bailer and replace in well.
Thoroughly clean and rinse all equipment with
distilled water.
Sampling A Wet Well That Cannot Be Bailed Dry
1) Inspect the well. Note any problems that must be
corrected in the Comments portion of the Field Data
Sheet.
2) Remove the cap. Remove the bailing rope that is
suspended in the well and place it in the laundry
basket (make sure that the basket is clean and
rinsed with distilled water) .
3) Measure the depth to water using a tape with a
"plopper" on the end. (Make sure plopper is
cleaned and rinsed with distilled water prior to
inserting in the well) . Write this depth on the
Field Sheet.
4) Calculate the volume of water and write it on the
Field Data Sheet. (Instructions to do this are on
the sheet) .
5) Securely attach the rope to the bailer. Bail the
well and place the water in the 5-gallon bucket.
Continue to bail the well until you haveremoved a
volume of water that is 3 times the calculated well
volume (i.e. if the well contains 2 gallons of
water, bail it until you have removed 6 gallons) .
You can empty the bucket on the ground, but keep
track of the volume. DO NOT LET THE BAILER OR ROPE
TOUCH THE GROUND. MAKE SURE THAT YOU HOLD ALL OF
THE ROPE OR PLACE IT IN THE BASKET. Write the
total volume of water removed in the Volume Removed
column on the Field Data Sheet.
6) Label and fill sample bottles according to
directions in Section 3 .
7) Remove rope from bailer and replace in well .
Thoroughly clean and rinse all equipment with
distilled water.
5
Labeling and Filling Sample Bottles
Two bottles will have to be filled at each well . This
section describes how to label and fill them.
Labeling Bottles
The bottles should be labeled with an indelible marker
(SANFORD Sharpie markers work very well) . The following
information should be included:
Well Name (on both label and bottle)
Sampling Date and Time
Sampler's Initials
Type of Sample (Ground Water, Unfiltered)
Location (Main Plant MW-5 etc. . . )
An example is included as Figure 2 . The bottles should be
labeled prior to filling. It is much harder to mark on a wet
label or bottle.
Filling Bottles
The bottles should be filled directly from the bailer. Try
to pour the water down the side of each bottle (like filling
a beer glass) to minimize splashing and the introduction of
air bubbles in the water. Be careful not to let any dirt
fall into the sample bottle by placing all lids in a clean
place.
Immediately place each bottle in an ice-filled cooler after
you have filled it. Deliver the samples to the laboratory as
soon as possible after you have finished sampling.
6
FIGURE TWO - SAMPLE BOTTLE LABEL
3-5 -St
Industrial
Compliance ArAvic,
_ = Incorporated
511 Orchard Street
Golden, Colorado 80401
Lrf/DLAN
well 6 U/yc/Lr v6a#1Di0*Q
PC
7
Helpful Hints
1) Use plenty of distilled water in the washing and
rinsing process. One gallon on distilled water
costs around $1. 00. Each sample costs $235. 00 to
analyze, plus the labor costs to develop the well
and collect the sample. Distilled water is cheap
insurance against cross contamination. When in
doubt, rinse a piece of equipment (tape, rope,
bailer, etc. ) .
2) Never let a clean bailer or the rope touch the
ground. Always place them in the sample basket.
3) Use Playtex type rubber gloves to keep your hands
warm in the winter.
4) Always wear safety glasses when bailing to prevent
splash from getting into your eyes.
5) Place the sample results in the three-ring binder
behind this document. Store this binder in a place
where it can be easily retrieved and shown to
regulatory personnel when they make site visits.
8
LAIDLAW SOUTH LANDFILL
Ground Water Monitoring Data Sheet
Sampler Name: Date:
Well No. : Well Condition:
Pipe Stickup Depth of Well (from ground level)
Depth of Water (from ground level) Volume of Water*
Volume of Water Removed* Gallons
Comments:
Weather:
*************************************************************
Sampler Name: Date:
Well No: Well Condition:
Pipe Stickup Depth of Well (from ground level)
Depth of Water (from ground level) Volume of Water*
Volume of Water Removed* Gallons
Comments:
Weather:
* NOTE: TO CALCULATE VOLUME OF WATER IN WELL
-Subtract the depth to water from total well depth
Multiply this value by 0. 163 to get volume in gallons
-Example: 30'-12 . 8'=17. 2 ' , so 17 . 2 x0. 163 =2 . 80 gallons
TO CALCULATE VOLUME OF WATER REMOVED
-Each full bailer = 0.29 gallons or 3 . 5 bails = 1 gallon
-Or just empty into a 5-gallon bucket
9
ATTACHMENT B
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS
15
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Soil Conservation Service
Colorado
Technical Guide
Section IV
All Field Offices
-July 1985
STANDARD AND SPECIFICATION
PASTURE AND HAYLAND PLANTING (Acre) 512
STANDARD
Definition
Establishing and re-establishing long-term stands of adapted species of
perennial, biennial, or reseeding forage plants. (Includes Pastures and
Hayland Renovation. Does not include Grassed Waterway or Outlet on
cropland.)
Purpose
To reduce erosion, to produce high quality forage, and to adjust land use.
Conditions Where Practice Applies
On existing pasture and hayland or on land that is converted from other
uses.
SPECIFICATIONS
1. Seedbed Preparation
Irrigated Sites
A. Seedbed should be smooth and firm. It should be relatively free of
weeds and other plants that may interfere with stand establishment
and crop production.
B. Seeding may be on bare ground, weed—free stubble, or chemically
treated sod. Seeding into stubble or chemically treated sod is an
ideal seedbed and is especially well adapted for slopes where
erosion from irrigation may be a problem.
C. Companion crops may be recommended if needed to control erosion
until pasture and hayland planting is established. (However,
discretion must be exercised in recommending a companion crop.
Seeding rates are often too high and crop management favors harvest
of the companion crop, rather than stand establishment of the --
pasture and hayland planting.)
TG Notice #94 (Rev. 2) (Page 1 of 17) Colorado, SCS, July 1985
d. Annual weed cover is the least desirable method of preparation.
Seedbeds having an annual weed cover are satisfactory if the seedbed
is firm and if the stand of weeds is not dominated by tumbling
Russian thistle, sandbur, cockelbur, fetid marigold, Canada horse—
weed, kochia or by other seriously competitive weed species. Steps
must be taken to control weeds to protect the new seeding should
weeds make rank growth following the seeding. Where competitive
weeds exist the labeled application of a non—selective broad
spectrum contact herbicide, (e.g. Roundup) 1/, could be used in lieu
of plowing to prepare a satisfactory seedbed.
2. Seeding
Seeding should be done with equipment capable of proper seed placement
and accurately metered for the proper rate for the selected species.
3. Fertilizer Application
Mast plantings should be fertilized at time of seeding and on an annual
basis as needed. Recommendations should be based on results of soil
test. If these are not available, a minimum of 10011 of a 20-10-4 or
similar fertilizer should be applied.
4. Selection of Species
A. Select adapted species for the given Land Resource Area based on
adaptation to site, intended use of planting and on adequacy for
erosion control. Species and varieties may be added with approval
of the State Agronomist.
B. Irrigated — If a species is designated as being adapted to irrigated
sites in a given Land Resource Area, the species is usually adapted
to the entire area where irrigation is used.
C. Non—Irrigated — Item 4B above is usually not applicable when species
are recommended for non—irrigated sites in a given Land Resource
Area. Species adaptation on nan—irrigated sites is much more
critical. See Standard and Specifications for "Critical Area
Plantings," Range Seeding, or other references if specific
information is needed for species on non—irrigated sites. Table 2
lists additional legumes and forbs for non—irrigated pasture and
haylands.
D. Pure stands of grass(es) or legume(s) or mixtures of grass(es) and
legume(s) qualify for pasture and hayland plantings. (See item 4E
below. )
1/ Use of trade name is for clarity only and does not imply endorsement of
any one product over others labeled for the same treatment.
TG Notice #94 (Rev. 2) (Page 3 of 17) Colorado, SCS, July 1985
7. Management (for establishment)
A. Harvest or grazing during initial establishment season will be
limited to the same requirements found in the Standards and Speci—
fications for Pasture and Hayland Management (Code 510).
S. Control weeds and seed production from volunteer small grain and
cover crops. Mowing at a height of 6 to 8 inches at the appropriate
time is usually a very effective control. Herbicides are
recommended for weed -control in grass seedings. (See Colorado Weed
Control Handbook for information on herbicides.)
TG Notice 094 (Rev. 2) (Page 5 of 17) Colorado, SCS, July 1985
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