HomeMy WebLinkAbout20081625.tiff Todd Hodges Design, LLC
• Soil Survey of Weld County, Colorado
Southern Part, Sheet 28
USDA Soil Conservation Service
Zqn YfAq
�.q and
w •
;$1. . .4. . ..1 �,
Y L N
, : / K iS. s
„,.
.4( ,,.,t ,. ,.4.104,r; i..
..„,„3.,
67 g
ro
Applicable Narratives to Follow: 66 and 67
EXHIBIT
it la
1269 North Cleveland.-1venue e Lureluitd, Colorado80537 • (970) 613-8556 ""^" " "" "
2008-1625
entail: todelhodgesdesign(a gwest.net.net
•
•
Todd Hodges Design, LLC
• Soil Survey of Weld County, Colorado excerpt (Southern Portion)
Published by the United States Department of Agriculture
Soil Conservation Service In Cooperation with Colorado Agricultural Experiment
Station, Issued September 1980
Soil Classification #66: Ulm Clay Loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes
hE Ulm city loan,, 11 h0 a percent mute'. Tiuc is a leg The gran+ 'circled should inert tLr :e.mnnal r'cyuirt,
dts•p, uell ern:nisi s.., on plains al rl i,ttlba ut 1;97.
9iN� L.-e l- h. f irme l m oli:.rvud and eol`m sedtmcnls I'rnn, rant t bvcshxk It can v drilled
into
o i o a r Ir i„ Lin:
.of.!lu n tut;bw: r It m he JriJur a limn I rtparrd
ra,- Irrbulod rn :nspinrl, are corm Area' of end= the S,.,In,y ,sly u, spring liar provost most :t:ce;s
4.w 'Inds LrFMecrn Au and an inches .Also n:riudad are 1'ul
swan :,r,a> of soil, when Ow coils,, la it and subsoil Wiridhrvaks and envirunmtnlal plantings of trees and
1....ve linen rochurn.ed rah runt. front, irrigation. shrubs mtm.e:onh groan in die r arc k Fish' well
lyl tail} the surf;,ta• liter nl' this Ini soil is tr ar,
eugi n to furs dl. Lon.tinue , control n ea r rig
;lay Inam 'about -i inches Muck. The so Lsud r.. brown and ,.grt.rb n should hr. continued for as mu-via. year.
pair brown clay knout. lA Inch(': thing TI. anb:dr:Awn to Iv,+siblc follow itig planting '17•r>that arc best united and
a depth of inthns elav and Oa., loam_ haae good limn.A I aro It tks Mountain mIlrper tstvnl
rrn,iahil l, r l w A‘a11,111le Meal,r c I city' i> high etaorr hr. l ondrrnsa pin.. Sl,Pru m ei n, Rue iale live- Anil
1 i_ rffe..try rocitinv depth rs Ill, maws or OOH. 3miacc ha,kl rrn Thy .hrol s host t suit ,, are sknnktush sla oar,
ru soli,r rnednur,Ana the r-ruaunt hnvrvd is 10w. l iliac, Siberian pe,comb:,cold Aniorrean plum
Ira Irr:g:a_ral Area, Fhl_ soil is slued to :.11 trues r n. WJdl is m An nnpenrunt s enndary is, of this .all 'fl:,
moil} grown in Ow aria. ineluting ru. sugsr Ia.Ls. replmd areas pentiue f,rnral,le haLitai Fur I rng,nu,.ksd
hnaris. uli:vll nn Siudl grkiu Au r c,n pie of a sal., .!, fd:t s:r t and nun rnmg dote Main} norigar y s ran
cropping >y '! 'In ,b d le 1 y--nrs of 11'!!, 1?Ito w.a by Lr dr!r,itul b, t 'btblishmy n A fur matins, am cscapc
torn. I-rim nir ..nutg,-. sugar IArL, small grein, iii ,ran._ ,,over. For phi-ism nts. undistrrrl oil nesting
LAnd leveling, :Fitch lining, anti installing p,pelmr s arc twl and should be uleluduai in plans for habitat L ilop-
r,crdlia L.r pinpe nor uppliral burls. merit, wspa.ially in .arna> of nitenarvt agriruiturr R:ango_
,V! metlud> of rrry"at:on are coil:,blr. Inn funuow un land mildlifi. fur ,x:maple, ll-:,pronghorn antelope, ear. b,
ngnLur. ra t.ho most. conm'nn. Barnyard manure and cum attrarlwd by developing liveaturk saft-ring• lu,:iblla>,
m r :Il rider r needed Blur top'sir.yalds. managingb,estnel t rem,, 'ul -drip wh r :icd
I F oral nl I I- ..F l: '1 r l' I r t,r col r Thu soil ha, poor p rc r i.d l_ urban and rta.rtaiflonal
l ulr aria sue gl un_. 5Ir>t of the ,occur v pd,nr l 1•v,l Fun ut. Slrs I rn,„lullly and lugh shnnk swell
t.int,.r win"II the is ^_N truehrls came pmhlrms m dwelling Ind roan 'await-action (spa
F". a soii Is >urnrn r fnlllwwd r :Jlerr:ate veaa Inhlc subrias: fie Trip:tad. IVs r rr Irngaed. ('lake}
in allow Melia Ur( :LIMoon uat:on_ (wrieralh prt.•rp,lut:on range
is ''laid, silt_
o low F :!i for h,I ual as, of fertilizer.
Slobbie .nul..l, lanrung, stdfKTapping, turd nunlmon, Irl-
lage:an necried to con rot sniff Mound,wd scaler
waning also n+ay tie mewled to control warm crosmn
'I'Iw p,.lenbnl o.--anus -ru,oLdi , is rinminhted Lc
uostcmn whcatgrass and blue grail, Ruffalnirh-s is ciao
preennt Po-Cairn produclier, r.a:gna lion I,ItOI pounds
per arrc in Incnr:d,le .•Lr> to nthl pounds in unfavorable
}'car. Aa range n n,drtlor. dctrr¢:cd,-s .1 blur granaLw-
Iicloyrass sod Fenn.- I'ndc=rr�bre Wetiols and awn,:ds in
ode than:at ,a rang(' condition nocnm,s pourer
14a .:,g. nI of regrta I'air. in. this suit should bu based
III. Inking Lail:,nli lining 1 all of the to,al annual produ,-
'ion hangs earring rani swims runoff Scaling is fl( bard,
rf the rang,. 6 ,n pt.,.' oorr.11tirur, lh'ro-''rn ..hea!gmass,
hlue gram,. sidenats grrum., butilrigra.s, pubezrer:l
•iiratgras>, :v:d wrested wheatipss am saitalde I'nr sound-
•
1269 North Cleveland Avenue • Lureland, Colorado 80537 • (970) 613-8556 • bus: (970)613-8775
entail: roddlrodgesdesign(agfres7.net.net
` =_F Todd Hodges Design, LLC
• Soil Survey of Weld County, Colorado excerpt (Southern Portion)
Published by the United States Department of Agriculture
Soil Conservation Service In Cooperation with Colorado Agricultural Experiment
Station, Issued September 1980
Soil Classification #67: Ulm Clay Loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes
F-L rmy loam. .1 In, p.'rrr nt elnpca. '1'h'- t, -I . 1ao-'.a rv",i.h,rr ... 'n nit,lali„r, r:1�r,.rally i'-rrqu,af'!'r'
de,p, w.ll Ian ,.. 1 ,..1 r, 'hairs rl, ',I.. ..-. "I 1 nb U. n,a„, , .•Ih•'ar ' of I.riliVer.
lit It Fri klla,mr ;, 1 I rr i..n 'din r-,II ' tenon- r•rl rlil( ',LA.. 1,rn;I;g, situ s rnnca,K. hi-
r:Jr ins', to-,I v mnlrpmy arc :r,:,,, a, „I .'dl- •.nr -n n.ordrl n rn lr•,i v'I 1dn-.a:g an.l ,.ytcr ,nisi„o
as eral' t'r+. „ d p, ,f 91, tn,l IL/' mna.- Ala, in'. r r .lnr,it rw 11 r.+ .ti I t r,lrol wxr,.r .rm,1r.
r lad, I arc :n,d sr,, ; :.l .SI PI, „I,,.r' 'urn;., i.t'..r 'ft.,' pr.!rld,al oat'... .,.r.I..t ar' ,Irn,Inat--u LA.
"•n !Pi ft i-ad wr!h Vrm, from ,r I-I,r'1' •..Fr'''gr.inn and hlnr %rraPls 81111 c.}.roc: ry 1,1."
L114. r.n F'. I',e.r'i,;l pr'^L.' n",. r'.,p.e.s frt..n' .114,0 pour,n-.
T;pit iii; 11 marts.. ci tIN 1^.n• I I;l,,Wr ,r a;r u, t;•,,.I I-I .,:o-r- 6110 p"•.nd: u1 unfacnn,ti!r.
r -. :A- IL nn.r m-id env , rlal,Jcs. .. Plot gra•• .-!:uf-
!,r n .'a., at _ l� .6. I, .k 'ph- -uh,r.,r_p, h: d,tr ,n- "d Inn'''. ,'n.l,mr rhl, 1.1,-nos l .moos!. m-
'1upin OC bh'li t sis i-tar dr t hr I:rart'.. ;s h, Sl"' a. r ',lr vor•d!CIr4 In,vinr-s pgs[.r
Pr m.:ud,Ip r al r�. ..,'II;��r, .,' ',ra.d i. hl}4• tiia nag•'m.:1J. 'I its,. -nit .hnuld Oo bas'',I
'L'I, .Itc,I,', r.•, 1rr d,p'n - , J 1r.,'h'- ar n-,nr,. •,ri.�,.r r� :ktry: o,l'I r.1 It,..t:ir•.g L:d1 FP- !.hr Icta. .udt!,ni prrde.
nn le.O.V' pitting- -an 1rda nu,.:df, v..rdng is d.•vrn}'lu
In In..1l'. I sr _ ..,,I in .plea Ir, ti,' cr„p= .'h'' he 'alit- 1. .r' pawl na i''lu,.. N'r n:rn wpca,,gr:lns,
II, art'., y,r.r''nl:J .a';-..,n .ma .,11.,4 r ,.1 lu, pr•. ., L a,!• r art,,
•'1.,, pr „p . 0,1. L- n"1 ., t. 64 !,,ILFet ,-I , tar; ,d .
tu. .::i wl'•-J gr, ar, aldo to, .d-
'r. .-. (lint"tuLrl✓- e ,rnmell . r.w 'a iiiill ,1 par . rL.,,.,1 -Ir .ul r,rv.' tl,.
,1,,.t• crown :r_l and t;•`'rl F'.rr„•,''. i", .,nts 1' , ti. ,dt11 Into a ,tear.. lino,
1.I-r,a r ' ._1,I». b,n'.un .r >'n!aSlr La r".. ,rclsrr, st'�I Ia I it an b, dnuod In'o a hr.,' prrp.,rru
Fr1 Iri xl .rnr.' :n , I FFn'.--1 II K., plrig ILI ..Ir.J S+v nr1, -Ir1 1nlglr - {nnnrcr-! c„ruts
• I.,g t .rim n l 1 .' ,nr )p r I I I Ip .I. di
raa-,r, Lia icmo;}r fu dl ', vrlUlt n! r l' r'. r lor.nkn and ar,m„rn, It.,' rncs aml
n--1;nFu '. t,pp1,•.,' frgr" nn n-s _otr.n'cra} corer' u, tnr nn a nm gnnor.dl'y well
It, .an.C:, 'n rc 1nat!! L _.nnt ''' ..m' I "IV n' .Ii,.d h, !P,. , i „
_.ol ,. .,Fa •.a n'.. 61'n. d Ir,. a. r nt,.. t• pLalt..0 1, Ib ! ,..:Ic r �a1 `In1 pr., ' I ,,L., 1:.1:i IS ,.'a..l• Cr-II ,
� ,r 1:,11 ,...I n ;a v;,t' I ;. 11 .vu, 11 1'ng. II d. . i t '. dnsard
an H+rkd �11,Id-.a rnper, ravten'
rra,a rl,r. prna,I"+1, pin,, ti,!..rinr; .1,,, I(•Fsn,, ,.irv. .,r,-.
Id:r, Rm'-'no'' I":n,V,r•1t., arai Anrn...n�plam.
VASeVL ' al' ❑••i.ur, tf
tropl;;mi ar,a< pr"„d: 7;.,orlba t.,'nl�a 1.•r ring-p<a k,.l
p1„ ....t4 er.d m•".I r";Fg 'I C.i..rcy r''„'f/am.c .prr'r-' e„F
„'..r Fin pr'.san'c n�n,-^_mt,rd ,,.slug :rr I: •.•.....r
Ir,u aFd -buul.l ,•r u,rhla.ii ,r, pi in- ion I nlat_,t
r.' `spa ,..n': in aria: ;! 'n!anan• .Ayr,aenrr
Luvl +,urhd), toI ,...mpl.., 'h. pr'aiy!mrr' :.nlcloi'n a,, Ir:
vract, I Iy . Vtlapmp 6. -.nn t. ,, v.re,, l:vlut:c:
n.at I'5!�.•k gr;✓IF.. ;.r.I rrr:e.IWv alien ne,•dvd.
11a= .ud 1,1-' p,•..r I,..d...'n!...1 u.r '..roan and n=ern,tonal
q,c' Inl'uv I„ .:I1-' iu ne r:,Lllpy ,,,i,l mgt .hn'1r: -u.11
'.,.- pr 1'1.•ntc ,n d..l'utry '.m'1 r'.n11 rrv;tt.r.lrtt.:o. taps
h.l.• •..baron,. tilt lrny-.rtl. IA'. Faro rng;d.-u; I'1:1,0
p'ai.,- rah/.. .d.,.
•
1169 North Cleveland Avenue • Loveland, Colorado 80537 • (970) 613-8556 • fax: (970)6/3-8775
entail: lorldltodgesdesign(agr'estnel.nel
36 Midway-Shingle complex 5-0 •
This moderately sloping to strong sloping map unit is on upland hills and ridges at elevations of 5,050 to
5,250 feet. The Midway soil makes up about 50 percent of the unit, and the Shingle soil about 35 percent.
About 15 percent is Renohill clay loam and Tassel fine sandy loam. The Midway soil differs from the Shingle
Soil in having more than 35 percent clay in the underlying material.
The Midway soil is shallow and well drained. It formed in residuum from calcareous shale. Typically
the surface layer is light olive brown clay about 7 inches thick. The underlying material is light brownish gray
clay about 6 inches thick. Depth to calcareous clayey shale is about 13 inches.
Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is low. The effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 inches.
Surface runoff is rapid, and the erosion hazard is moderate to high.
The Shingle soil also is shallow and well drained and formed in residuum from calcareous shale.
Typically the surface layer is grayish brown loam about 6 inches thick. The underlying material is light
yellowish brown clay loam about 12 inches thick. Depth to calcareous clayey is about 18 inches. Permeability
is moderate. Available water capacity is low. The effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 inches. Surface runoff is
medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard is moderate.
This unit is used as rangeland and wildlife habitat. The potential native vegetation is dominated by
alkali sacaton, western wheatgrass, and blue grama. Buffalograss, sideoats grama, needleandthread, little
bluestem, sedge, winterfat, and fourwing saltbush are also present. Potential production ranges from 800
pounds per acre in favorable years to 500 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the mid
grasses decrease and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade the site as range
condition becomes poorer.
Management of vegetation on this unit should be based on taking half and leaving half of the annual
production. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali
sacaton, sideoats grama, little bluestem, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seeding.
The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into clean, firm
sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven
siccessful.
Rangeland wildlife, such as antelope, cottontail and coyote, are best suited to this unit. Because forage
production is typically low, grazing management is needed if livestock and wildlife share the range. Livestock
watering facilities also are utilized by various wildlife species. The nearby cropland makes areas of this unit
valuable as escape cover for openland wildlife, especially pheasants. Capability subclass VIe irrigated, Vie
nonirrigated; Shaly Plains range site.
•
-,P, i ra 'o 6 ���
40 Nunn loam 1-3% II •
This is a deep, well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,550 to 5,000 feet. It formed in mixed
alluvium. Included in mapping are small, long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits and small areas of
soil that are subject to occasional flooding. Some small leveled areas are also included.
alTypically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish brown loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is
ight brownish gray clay loam about 12 inches thick. The upper part of the substratum is light brownish gray
clay loam. The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is brown sandy loam.
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60
inches or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low.
This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area,
including corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An example of a suitable cropping
system in 3 to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Generally
such characteristics as a high clay content or a rapidly permeable substratum slightly restrict some crops.
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow irrigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water
management is essential. Barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
Most nonirrigated areas are used for small grain. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years. Winter
wheat is the principal crop. If the crop is winterkilled, spring wheat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is
too low for beneficial use of fertilizer.
Such practices as stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage are needed to control soil
blowing and water erosion.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue grama. Several mid grasses, such as western
wheatgrass and needleandthread, are also present. Potential production ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in
favorable years to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the mid grasses
decrease; blue grama, buffalograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase and forage production drops.
Undesirable weeds and annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual
oduction. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western
heatgrass, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass
selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum
stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven most successful.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally
well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing vegetation should be continued for as many years as
possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper,
eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian olive, and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are
skunkbush sumac, Siberian peashrub, lilac, and American plum.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for
ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for
nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans
for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rangeland wildlife, for example, the
pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing,
and reseeding where needed.
The soil has fair to poor potential for urban development. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low
strength, and moderately slow permeability. These features create problems in dwelling and road construction.
Those areas that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the substratum are suitable for septic tank
absorption fields and foundations. Some areas of this soil are adjacent to streams and are subject to occasional
flooding. The potential is fair for such recreational development as camp and picnic areas and playgrounds.
Capability subclass IIe irrigated, IIIc nonirrigated: Loamy Plains range site.
•
56 Renohill clay loam 0-3%
This is a moderately deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,850 to 5,200 feet. It formed in
residuum from shale. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have shale deeper than 40 inches.
Typically the surface layer is grayish brown clay loam about 9 inches thick. The subsoil is grayish
•rown and pale brown clay loam about 14 inches thick. The substratum is pale brown clay loam. Shale is at a
depth of about 32 inches.
Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40
inches. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is moderate.
This soil is suited to most of the irrigated crops commonly grown in the area, but the high clay content
and moderate depth of the soil slightly restrict some crops. A suitable cropping system is corn, corn for silage,
barley, 3 to 4 years of alfalfa, and wheat. This soil is also well suited to irrigated pasture.
Furrows can be used in irrigating row crops. Flooding from contour ditches is suitable for close grown
crops and pasture. Production can be maintained by applying barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer.
Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue are important.
In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is
planted to winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 25 bushels per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in
alternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is too low for beneficial use of
fertilizer.
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage are needed to control soil blowing and water
erosion.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is
also present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in
unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buffalograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds
and annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
Management of vegetation should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual
production. Range pitting can reduce runoff. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Western
heatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are
uitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded
into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has
proven most successful.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is
needed to determine if plantings are feasible. Supplemental water is needed for successful plantings.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for
ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for
nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essential, and should be included in plans
for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rangeland wildlife, for example, the
pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing,
and reseeding where needed.
This soil has poor potential for urban uses and only moderate potential for recreational development.
The chief limiting features are the underlying shale, the low strength, and the moderate to high shrink swell.
These features present severe problems in dwelling and road construction and in use of septic tank absorption
fields and sewage lagoons. Capability subclass Ills irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Clayey Plains range site.
•
57 Rcnohill clay loam 3-9% • •
This is a moderately deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,850 to 5,200 feet. It formed in
residuum from shale. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have shale deeper than 40 inches.
Typically the surface layer is grayish brown clay loam about 9 inches thick. The subsoil is grayish
•rown and pale brown clay loam about 12 inches thick. The substratum is pale brown clay loam. Shale is at a
depth of about 29 inches.
Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40
inches. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard is moderate.
This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The
cropping system should be limited to such close grown crops as alfalfa, wheat, and barley. The soil also is
suited to irrigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa, followed by 2 years of corn and
small grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop.
Closely spaced contour ditches can be used in irrigation close grown crops. Contour furrows should be
used for row crops. Applications of barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer help to maintain good
production. Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue are important.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is
also present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in
unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buffalograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds
and annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
Management of vegetation should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual
production. Range pitting can reduce runoff. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Western
wheatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are
suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded
into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has
proven most successful.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is
•eded to determine if plantings are feasible. Supplemental water is needed for successful plantings.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for
ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for
nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essential, and should be included in plans
for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rangeland wildlife, for example, the
pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing,
and reseeding where needed.
This soil has poor potential for urban uses and only moderate potential for recreational development.
The chief limiting features are the underlying shale, the low strength, and the moderate to high shrink swell.
These features present severe problems in dwelling and road construction and in use of septic tank absorption
fields and sewage lagoons. Capability subclass IVe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Clayey Plains range site.
•
• • •
66 Ulm clay loam 0-3%
This is a deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 5,075 to 5,200 feet. It formed in alluvial and
•olian sediments from shale. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have shale between 40 and 60
inches. Also included are small areas of soils where the surface layer and subsoil have been recharged with
lime from irrigation.
Typically the surface layer of this Ulm soil is brown clay loam about 5 inches thick. The subsoil is
brown and pale brown clay about 14 inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is clay and clay loam.
Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
more. Surface runoff is medium to medium, and the erosion hazard is low.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets,
beans, alfalfa, and small grain. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa followed by
corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipelines may
be needed for proper water applications.
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow irrigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and
commercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, barley and sorghum. Most of the acreage is
planted to winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in
alternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is too low for beneficial use of
fertilizer.
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage are needed to control soil blowing and water
erosion. Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is
also present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in
unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buffalograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds
Ond annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual
production. Range pitting can help in reducing runoff. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
Western wheatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass
are suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be
seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
spring has proven most successful.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally
well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing vegetation should be continued for as many years as
possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper,
eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian olive, and hackherry. The shrubs best suited are
skunkbush sumac, Siberian peashrub, lilac, and American plum.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for
ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for
nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans
for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rangeland wildlife, for example, the
pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing,
and reseeding where needed.
This soil has poor potential for urban and recreational development. Slow permeability and high shrink
swell cause problems in dwelling and road construction. Capability subclass Ile irrigated; IVe nonirrigated;
Clayey Plains range site.
•
• •
67 Ulm clay loam 3-5%
This is a deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 5,075 to 5,200 feet. It formed in alluvial and
•olian sediments from shale. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have shale between 40 and 60
inches. Also included are small areas of soils where the surface layer and subsoil have been recharged with
lime from irrigation.
Typically the surface layer of this Ulm soil is brown clay loam about 5 inches thick. The subsoil is
brown and pale brown clay about 12 inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is clay and clay loam.
Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
more. Surface runoff is medium to medium, and the erosion hazard is low.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops commonly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and
alfalfa or close grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent of the time. Contour ditches and corrugations
can be used in irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Furrows, contour furrows, and cross slope furrows are
suitable for row crops. Sprinkler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop
residue help to control erosion. Maintaining fertility is important. Crops respond to applications of
phosphorous and nitrogen.
In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, barley and sorghum. Most of the acreage is
planted to winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in
alternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is too low for beneficial use of
fertilizer.
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage are needed to control soil blowing and water
erosion. Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is
also present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in
unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buffalograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds
fikd annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual
production. Range pitting can help in reducing runoff. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
Western wheatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass
are suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be
seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
spring has proven most successful.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally
well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing vegetation should be continued for as many years as
possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper,
eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian olive, and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are
skunkbush sumac, Siberian peashrub, lilac, and American plum.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for
ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for
nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans
for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rangeland wildlife, for example, the
pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing,
and reseeding where needed.
This soil has poor potential for urban and recreational development. Slow permeability and high shrink
swell cause problems in dwelling and road construction. Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated;
Clayey Plains range site.
•
83 Wiley-Colby complex 3-5% . 0
This gently sloping map unit is on plains at elevations of 4,850 to 5,000 feet. The Wiley soil makes up
about 60 percent of the unit and the Colby soil about 30 percent. About 10 percent is Heldt silty clay and Weld
loam.
IlliThe Wiley soil is deep and well drained. It formed in calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface
ayer is pale brown silt loam about 11 inches thick. The subsoil is pale brown silty clay loam about 23 inches
thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is very pale brown silty clay loam.
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60
inches or more. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard is moderate.
The Colby soil also is deep and well drained and formed in calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the
surface layer is pale brown loam about 7 inches thick. The underlying material is very pale brown silt loam to a
depth of 60 inches.
Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
more. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard is moderate.
This map unit is used for irrigated and nonirrigated cropland and for rangeland, wildlife habitat and
urban development.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops commonly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and
alfalfa or close grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent of the time. Contour ditches and corrugations
can be used in irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Furrows, contour furrows, and cross slope furrows are
suitable for row crops. Sprinkler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop
residue help to control erosion. Maintaining fertility is important. Crops respond to applications of
phosphorous and nitrogen.
In nonirrigated areas these soils are suited to winter wheat, barley and sorghum. Most of the acreage is
planted to winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in
alternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is too low for beneficial use of
fertilizer.
• Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage are needed to control soil blowing and water
erosion. Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion.
The potential native vegetation on this range site is dominated by blue grama. Several mid grasses, such
as western wheatgrass and needleandthread are also present. Potential production ranges from 1,600 pounds per
acre in favorable years to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the mid grasses
decrease; blue grama, buffalograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase and forage production drops.
Undesirable weeds and annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
Management of vegetation should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual
production. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western
wheatgrass, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass
selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum
stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven most successful.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally
well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing vegetation should be continued for as many years as
possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper,
eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian olive, and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are
skunkbush sumac, Siberian peashrub, lilac, and American plum.
Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, morning dove, and cottontail, are best suited to this soil. Wildlife
habitat development, including tree and shrub plantings and grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be
successful without irrigation in most years. Under irrigation, good wildlife habitat can be established,
benefiting many kinds of openland wildlife.
The Wiley soil has only fair potential for urban and recreational development. Slow permeability,
dioderate shrink-swell potential, and limited bearing capacity cause problems in dwelling and road construction.
he Colby soil has good potential for urban and recreational development. Road design can be modified to
compensate for the limited capacity of this soil to support a load. Capability subclass IIIe irrigated; IVe
nonirrigated; Loamy Plains range site.
Hello