HomeMy WebLinkAbout20072274.tiff 11.0 SOILS REPORT
2007-2274
SOILS REPORT
Excerpts from the Soil Survey of Weld County, Southern Part(SCS, 1980) are provided
on the following pages.
Soils on the Holton site consist of Weld-Colby,Loup-Boel and Dacono clay loam.
These soils will be stripped and stockpiled during overburden removal, and retained for
replacement during site reclamation. During reclamation,topsoil will be spread over areas to
be reclaimed.
These soils are primarily suited for pasture, rangeland and wildlife habitat. They are
well suited to reestablishment of grasses as proposed in the Reclamation Plan. If
recommended by SCS, soil samples will be subjected to agricultural testing to evaluate
fertilizer requirements.
I_.
soil survey of
Weld County, Colorado
Southern Port
United States Department of Agriculture
Soil Conservation Service
in cooperation with
Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station
4 SOIL SURVEY
tial for urban development is only fair to poor. The main This nearly level to moderately sloping map unit is on
limitations are moderate to high shrink swell, low plains and alluvial fans throughout the survey area. It
strength, and slow permeability. The potential is fair for makes up about 23.5 percent of the total acreage. About
development of openland wildlife habitat. 35 percent is Olney soils, 20 percent is Kim soils, 15 per-
cent is Otero soils,and 30 percent is soils of minor extent.
3. Weld-Colby The soils in this map unit occupy the same relative
Deep, nearly level to moderately sloping, well drained positions on the landscape (fig. 2). Olney so s have a
foams formed in calcareous eolian deposits loamy sand or sandy loam surface layer and a sandy clay
loam subsoil. Kim soils have a loam surface layer and
This nearly level to moderately sloping map unit is on
loam and fine sandy loam underlying material Otero soils
plains mainly in the southeastern part of the survey area.
One small area is in the west-central part.The unit makes have a sandy loam surface layer and fine sandy loam un-
denying material.
up about 10 percent of the total acreage. About 50 per-
cent is Weld soils, 35 percent is Colby so1ie, and 15 per- Minor in this unit are the well drained Ascalon, Nelson,
cent is soils of minor extent Thedalund, and Vona soils.
Weld soils occupy the broad nearly level areas_ Colby This limp unit is used for irrigated and nonirrigated
soils occupy the steeper side slopes. Weld soils have a cropland and for rangeland. The potential is good for
loam surface layer and a clay and clay loam subsoil. Colby urban development and fair for wildlife habitat_
soils have a loam surface layer and silt loam underlying 6. Otero-Thedalund-Nelson
material.
Minor in this unit are the well drained Adena and Kim Deep and moderately deep, nearly level to moderately
soils. sloping, well drained sandy foams and clay foams
This map unit is used mainly for cropland. About 65 formed in alluvium and eolian deposits and in residuum
percent is nonirrigated. Winter wheat is the principal from shale and sandstone
crop. If irrigated,the soils are well suited to all commonly
This nearly level to moderately sloping map unit is on
grown crops. The potential is fair for development of
openland wildlife habitat. plains in the north-central part of the survey area It
makes up about 3 percent of the total acreage. About 35
4. Wiley-Colby-Weld percent is Otero soils, 25 percent is Thedalund soils, 25
Deep,nearly level to moderately sloping, percent is Nelson soils, and 16 percent is soils of minor
op ng,well drained silt extent.
foams and foams formed in calcareous eolian deposits Otero soils are on the nearly level or smoother side
This nearly level to moderately sloping map unit is on slopes. Thedalund and Nelson soils are intermingled and
plains in the west-central and southwestern parts of the are on the steeper side slopes. Otero soils have a sandy
survey area. It makes up about 5.5 percent of the total loam surface layer and fine sandy loam underlying
acreage. About 30 percent is Wiley soils, 30 percent is material Thedalund soils have a loam surface layer and
Colby soils, 15 percent is Weld soils, and 25 percent is underlying materiaL Shale is between depths of 20 and 40
soils of minor extent_ inches. Nelson soils have a fine sandy loam surface layer
Wiley and Colby soils form an intermingled complex and underlying material Sandstone is between 20 and 40
pattern on the steeper aide slopes. Weld soils are along inches,
the narrow ridgetops and on the nearly level side slopes. Minor in this unit are the well drained Kim, Renohill,
Wiley soils have a silt loam surface layer and a silty clay Terry, and Vona soils.
loam subsoiL Colby soils have a loam surface layer and This map unit is used mainly for irrigated cropland. Soil
silt loam underlying material. Weld soils have a loam stir- depth is the main limitation in farming and urban
face layer and a clay loam subsoil. development. The potential is fair for development of
Minor in this unit are the moderately well drained openland wildlife habitat.
Heidi soils and the well drained Nunn and Ulm soils.
This map unit is used mainly for cropland About 70 7. Tassel-Thedalund-Terry
percent is irrigated and is well suited to all commonly slo to strongly
grown crops. In nonirrigated areas, winter wheat is the Skallow to moderately deep, gently dealing trong y
principal crop. The potential is fair for urban develop- sloping, well drained sandy foams to clay foams formed
meat. Moderately slow permeability is the main lirnita- in residuum from sandstone and shale
tion. The potential is also fair for development of open- This gently sloping to strongly sloping map unit is in
land wildlife. the western part of the survey area, adjacent to and in-
cluding the sandstone breaks along some of the major
5. Olney-Kim-Otero
streams. It makes up about 1 percent of the total acreage.
Deep, nearly level to moderately sloping, well drained About 50 percent is Tassel soils, 20 percent is Thedalund
sandy looms and looms formed in mixed alluvium and soils, 20 percent is Terry soils, and 10 percent is soils of
eolian deposits minor extent.
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 5
Tassel soils are on the crests and shoulders of the loamy and have a seasonal high water table. Bankard soils
ridges and breaks. Thedalund soils are below the breaks, have a sandy loam surface layer and sand underlying
and Terry soils are on the smoother side slopes above the material
breaks. Tassel soils have a fine sandy loam surface layer Minor in this unit are the poorly drained Aquepts and
and very fine sandy loam underlying material Sandstone the well drained Colombo, Haverson, and Nunn soils.
is between 10 and 20 inches Thedalund soils have a loam This map unit is used mainly for rangeland and wildlife
surface layer and underlying material. Shale is between habitat Wetness and the hazard of flooding are the main
20 and 40 inches. Terry soils have a fine sandy loam sur- limitations in farming and for most other purposes. The
face layer and subsoil. Sandstone is between 20 and 40 potential is good for development of wetland wildlife
inches. habitat This map unit also has good potential as a source
Minor in this unit are the well drained Nelson and of sand and gravel.
Otero soils.
This map unit is used mainly for rangeland. Shal- 10. Loup-Boel
lowness and steep slopes are the main limitations in farm- Deep, level and nearly level, somewhat poorly drained
ing and for most other purposes. The potential is fair to and poorly drained loamy sands formed in sandy alluvi-
poor for wildlife habitat um
8. Valent-Vona-Osgood This level and nearly level map unit is along Lost
Creek in the sandhill area and in a small area north of
Deep, nearly level to moderately sloping, well drained to
excessively drained sands and sandy loans formed in Milton Reservoir. It makes up about 1 percent of the sur-
vey area About 55 percent is Loup soils, 30 percent is
eolian deposits
Boel soils, and 15 percent is soils of minor extent.
This nearly level to moderately sloping map unit is in Loup soils are in the lower, or depression, areas that
the eastern and south-central parts of the survey area, receive additional runoff. Boel soils are at the slightly
mainly in the sandhill area It makes up about 36 percent higher elevations. Loup soils are poorly drained, and Boel
of the total acreage_ About 55 percent is Valent soils, 30 soils are somewhat poorly drained. Both soils have a
percent is Vona soils, 9 percent is Osgood soils, and 6 per- loamy sand surface layer and underlying material and a
cent is soils of minor extent seasonal high water table.
Valent soils are on the rolling and dunelke topography. Minor in this unit are the poorly drained Aquolls, the
Vona soils are on the more gently sloping side slopes well drained Osgood soils, and the excessively drained
along the outer edges of the sandhi ls. Osgood soils are in Valent soils.
the concave, nearly level areas within the sandhrlls. This map unit is used mainly for rangeland. Wetness
Valent soils have a sand surface layer and underlying and sandy texture are the main limitations in farming.
materiaL Vona soils have a loamy sand or sandy loam sur- The potential is fair for development of rangeland wildlife
face layer and a sandy loam subsoil. habitat
Minor in this unit are the well drained Olney and Terry
soils. 11. Nunn-Haverson
This map unit is used mainly for rangeland. Some small Deep, level and nearly level, well drained looms and clay
areas are used for irrigated and nonirrigated cropland- loans formed in alluvium
Sandy texture is the main limitation in fanning. The This and nearly level map occupies potential is fair for urban development. The potential is row is level plains and fas unitth N long nar-
fair to good for wildlife habitat. along major inter-
mittent streams that disect the southeastern part of the
9. Aquolls-Aquents-Bankard survey area It makes up about 4 percent of the total
acreage. About 45 percent is Nunn soils, 35 percent is
Deep, level and nearly level, poorly drained and
Haverson soils,and 20 percent is soils of minor extent.
somewhat excessively drained loamy soils and sandy Nunn soils are on the low terraces and alluvial fans and
looms formed in alluvium
are slightly higher in elevation than Haverson soils.
This level and nearly level map unit is on flood plains Haverson soils are on the bottom land and in areas of
along major streams throughout the survey area. It more recent deposition. Nunn soils have a loam or clay
makes up about 5 percent of the total acreage. About 35 loam surface layer and a clay loam subsoil. Haverson soils
percent is Aquolls, 20 percent is Aquents, 20 percent is have a loam surface layer and underlying material and
Bankard soils,and 25 percent is soils of minor extent are stratified.
Aquolls and Aquenta form an intermingled complex Minor in this unit are the well drained Colombo,
pattern along the outer limits of the bottom land, or flood Dacono, and Olney soils and the somewhat excessively
plain. Bankard soils are adjacent to the streams. Aquolls drained Bankard soils.
and Aquents are poorly drained, and Bankard soils are This map unit is used mainly for irrigated and nonir-
somewhat excessively drained. Aquolls and Aquents are rigated cropland.The soils are well suited to all commonly
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 17
Typically the surface layer of this Colombo soil is dark Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soiL The
gratyish brown clay loam about 14 inches thick.The upper cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
7 inches of the underlying material is pale brown pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
stratified clay loam and loam. The lower part to a depth be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
of 60 inches is very pale brown loam stratified with thin cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
lenaes of fine sand, medium sand,and clay loam. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is meet, especially in areas of intensive agriculture- Range-
high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
Surface runoff is medium,and the erosion hazard is low- attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
In irrigated area this soil is suited to all crops coin- managing livestock grazing,and reseeding where needed.
Where this soil is on flood plains and is susceptible to
mealy grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets,
beans, alfalfa,small grain,potatoes, and onions An exam- On
flooding it has poor potential for urban and recreational
pie of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa development road
the higher terraces, potential is fair.
followed by corn, corn for silage,sugar beets,small grain, Dwelling and road designs may need to be modified to
or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing compensate for the limited capacity of this soil to support
pipelines may be needed for proper water application. a load and to protect it against frost action. Capability
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- subclass IIe irrigated, IIIe nonirrigated; Clayey Plains
range site.
rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and corn- 0
mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. em well drained loam, terraces o 1 percent atelevations sl o This is a
hi nonim areas this sell is well sorted to winter deep, well t. tsoil on at of din
�� to 4,970 feet. It formed in mixed alluvium_ Included in
wheat,barley, and sorghum if it is summer fallowed in al- mapping are swan, long and narrow areas of sand and
termite years Winter wheat is the principal crop. The gravel deposits and some small leveled areas.
predicted average yield is 33 bushels per acre- If the crop Typically the surface layer of this Dacono soil is gray-
is winterkilied, spring wheat can be seeded. Generally lab brown clay loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is
precipitation is too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. grayish brown clay loam about 15 inches thick The sub-
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping,and minimum til- stratum is very gravelly sand.
lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. Permeability is moderately slow. Available water
Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to
The potential native vegetation is dominated by 40 inches. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard
western wheatgrass. Blue grams, switchgrass, sand is low.
reedgrass, big bluestem, slender wheatgrass, indiangrass, This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops It
and green needlegrass are also present. Potential produc- is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, inelud-
tion ranges from 1,000 pounds per acre in favorable years ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
�-- to 600 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition and onions An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
deteriorates, the tall grasses decrease, blue grams and to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage,
buffalograss increase, and forage production drops. Un- sugar beets, small grain, or beans Generally, such chant-
desirable weeds and annuals invade the site and erosion teristics as a high clay content or a rapidly permeable
can occur as range condition becomes poorer. substratum slightly restrict some crops.
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- rigation is the most common- Proper irrigation water
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer-
Western wheatgrass, switchgrass, sand reedgrass, vial fertilizer are needed for top yields
sideoats grama, pubescent wheatgrass, intermediate Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and
wneatgrass, and blue grams are suitable for seeding. The shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of suited to this sort. Cultivation to control competing
livestock. It can be seeded into a firm prepared seedbed. vegetation should be continued for as many years as
A grass drill should be used Seeding early in spring has haverbk:following planting.Trees that are best suited and
proven most successful. have good survival are Rocky Sbe Mountain urmi -o ve, d
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and redeedar,ckberry.ponderosa bs b, Siberian arelm,skunRusskbush
u and
shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally Well hackbeber The shrubs best suited and l m. ash sumac,
Jibe,Siberian peastrrub,and American plum.
suited to this soil Cultivation to control competing Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove,
vegetation should be continued for as many years as and cottontail are best suited to this soil. Wildlife habitat
possible following planting.Trees that are best suited and development, including tree and shrub plantings and
have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be sme-
redcedar,ponderosa pine,Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and cessful without irrigation during most years. Under ir-
hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, rigation, good wildlife habitat can be established, benefit-
lilac,Siberian peashrub,and American plum. ing,many kinds of openland wildlife.
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