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Home My WebLink About20070855.tiff n.: h 14. ..- Y .. •, l • IS `.`, t 4,, - 14 ocalle4 ' , 1 ,,i, 1 4.4 (Y �1V Q »r,,,,,,A , t l• .. » y . J..�y,� 1. Sti 4 i 6f \ ` M y } _ ,,&� „hi i 044 7 ., • U.S.D.A. Soil Survey of Weld County, Colorado Southern Part, Sheet Number 7 Applicable Soil Narratives: 32 and 47 Narrative described on the following page. 2007-0855 Soil Survey of Weld County, Colorado excerpt (Southern Portion) Published by the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service Soil Classification#32: Kim loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes This is a deep, well drained soil on smooth plains and alluvial fans at elevations of 4,900 to 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed eolian deposit and parent sediment from a wide variety of bedrock. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have loamy sand underlying material. Typically the surface layer is brown and pale brown loam about 12 inches thick. The upper 28 inches of the underlying material is pale brown loam. The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is pale brown fine sandy loam. Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low. In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets,beans,alfalfa, small grain,potatoes,and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining (fig. 6), and installing pipelines may be needed for proper water applications. All methods of irrigation are suitable,but furrow irrigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat,barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to winter wheat and is summer fallowed in alternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue grama. Several mid grasses, such as western wheatgrass and needleandthread,are also present. Potential production ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates,the mid grasses decrease; blue grama,buffalograss, snakeweed,yucca,and fringed sage increase; and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. Management of vegetation on this soil should be based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual production. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass,blue grama pubescent wheatgrass,and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven most successful. Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing vegetation should be continued for as many years as possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper,eastern redcedar,ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive,and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasants,undisturbed nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rangeland wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. This soil has good potential for urban and recreational development. Increased population growth in the survey area has resulted in increased homesite construction. The chief limiting soil feature for urban development and road construction is the limited capacity of this soil to support a load. Septic tank absorption fields function property, but community sewage systems should be provided if the population density increases. Because of the permeability of the substratum, sewage lagoons must be sealed. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability subclass Ile irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Loamy Plains range site. Soil Survey of Weld County,Colorado excerpt(Southern Portion) Published by the United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service Soil Classification #31, Kim loam,0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a deep well drained soil on smooth plains and alluvial fans at elevations of 4,900 to 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed eolian deposits and parent sediment from a wide variety of bedrock. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have loamy sand underlying material. Typically the surface layer is brown and pale brown about 12 inches thick. The upper 30 inches of the underlying material is pale brown loam. The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is pale brown fine sandy loam. Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, beans,alfalfa, small grain, and potatoes,to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Very few conservation practices are needed to maintain top yields. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow irrigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing vegetation should be continued for as many years as possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Rocky Mountain Juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian olive, and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, Siberian peashrub, lilac,and American plum. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans for habitat development,especially in areas of intensive agriculture. This soil has good potential for urban and recreational development. Increased population growth in the survey area has resulted in increased homesite construction. The chief limiting feature for urban development and road construction is the limited capacity of the soil to support a load. Septic tank absorption fields function properly, but community sewage systems should be provided if the population density increases. Because of the permeability of the substratum, sewage lagoons must be sealed. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability class I irrigated. LOCATION KIM CO+KS MT NM WY Established Series Rev. AJC/GB/PRF 01/2000 KIM SERIES The Kim series consists of very deep, moderately permeable, well drained soils that formed in alluvium and mixed eolian and alluvial material derived from sandstone and shale. Kim soils are on alluvial fans below escarpments of sedimentary rock and uplands. Slopes are 0 to 20 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 13 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 51 degrees F. TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, calcareous, mesic Ustic Torriorthents TYPICAL PEDON: Kim loam - grassland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) A--0 to 6 inches; grayish brown(10YR 5/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate very fine granular structure; soft, very friable; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick) AC--6 to 14 inches; grayish brown(10YR 5/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown(10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, very friable, plastic; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick) C--14 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, very friable; 5 percent sandstone fragments; some visible calcium carbonate occurring as small soft masses; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0). TYPE LOCATION: Bent County, Colorado; 50 feet west and .85 mile south of the northwest corner of Sec. 3, T. 26 S., R. 52 W. RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Mean annual soil temperature ranges from 49 to 58 degrees F., and mean summer soil temperature ranges from 59 to 78 degrees F. The surface 15 inches has approximately .8 percent organic matter and the sand/clay ratio ranges from 1 to about 3. The particle-size control section is typically loam, sandy clay loam, or light clay loam, and less commonly in the lower part a fine sandy loam. It has 18 to 35 percent clay, 20 to 55 percent silt, and 15 to 60 percent sand, with more than 15 percent but less than 45 percent being fine or coarser sand. Rock fragments are typically less than 10 percent and range from 0 to 15 percent. Exchangeable sodium percentage is usually less than 3 and is less than 15 in any layer as thick as 4 inches. This soil is not dry in all parts of the moisture control section for more than one-half the time that the soil temperature is above 41 degrees F. (225 to 235 days) and is not dry for 45 consecutive days following July 15. A horizon Hue: 5Y through 7.5YR Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 6 moist Chroma: 2 though 4 Structure: granular structure, but has subangular blocky structure in some pedons. Consistence: soft to slightly hard Carbonates: In some pedons it is leached to depths of 2 to 8 inches. Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (pH 7.6 to 8.2) When the surface horizons have value as dark as 5 dry and 3 moist they contain less than 1 percent organic carbon, or they are thin enough that if mixed to depth of 7 inches the soil has an ochric epipedon. C horizon: Hue: 5Y through 7.5YR Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 through 6 moist Chroma: 2 through 6 Reaction: moderately to strongly alkaline (pH 8.0 to 8.6) Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 14 percent Calcium carbonate: soft masses occurs at any depths in this horizon, but it should not be concentrated into a consistent horizon of secondary carbonate accumulation. COMPETING SERIES: These are the El Rancho, Kishona, Mikim, Neville, Paradox, Pojoaque, Shavano, Sixmile, Thedalund, Theedle, and (T) Tsosie series. Shavano, Sixmile, Thedalund, and Theedle soils have bedrock at some point above a depth of 40 inches. El Rancho, Neville, and Pojoaque soils have hue of 5YR or redder. Kishona soils have cooler annual soil temperature and have moisture control sections that are dry more than one-half the time, cumulative, that the soil temperature at 20 inches is above 41 degrees F. Kishona soils are also dry in all parts of the moisture control section for at least 60 consecutive days following July 16. Mikim and Paradox soils are dry in some parts of the moisture control section for 15 consecutive days from Mav 15 to July 15 when the soil temperature at 20 inches is greater than 41 degrees F. In addition, Paradox soils have hues of 5YR and redder. Tsosie soils are dry in all parts of the soil moisture control section from April 15 to July 1. GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Slope: 0 to 20 percent Landform: alluvial fans usually below escarpments of sedimentary rock Landscape: uplands Parent material: parent sediments derived from a variety of rocks, including sandstone, shale, and similar materials. Mean annual precipitation: 11 to 14 inches, with peak periods of precipitation occurring during the spring and early summer. Mean annual temperature: 47 to 53 degrees F. Mean annual summer temperature is 74 degrees F. GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Shingle soils and the competing Thedalund soils. The three series often form a toposequence. Shingle soils have bedrock at depths of 10 to 20 inches. DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Drainage: Well Runoff: low to high Premeability: moderate USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used principally as native pastureland; however, they are used as dry or irrigated cropland in some localities. Native vegetation typically consists of short grasses, of which blue grama predominates. DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Colorado, southeastern Wyoming, and northeastern New Mexico in MLRA 69. The series is of moderate extent. MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas SERIES ESTABLISHED: Big Horn County(Big Horn Area), Montana, 1970. REMARKS: Diagnostic features include an ochric epipedon and free lime carbonate at 7 to 20 inches. Last updated by the state 2/94. Updated by the MLRA Office-5 on 1/12/2000 to update the parent mateials in the first paragraph and to move to a semi-tab format. National Cooperative Soil Survey U.S.A. LOCATION ALTVAN NE+CO SD WY Established Series Rev. JW PRF l-. 09/2005 Hello