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Home My WebLink About20051745.tiff i , iiiii• ZT/ • - . t;j Illic4 I it. -.' ., fk. Wit ; '. -‘t.:'I:, '.'''./L. . --„01/4.,...;."- ,....:::,.. --..1.>: 1. ., , -iik•A A, . Ao, ::2,i.w-..i-E-..t..; .. ''''':14,-., •f' •- '""--;::::- "i- 'it.7''''. 'k ."*.:4', , �_ ' �r? �.y�� 4 9 .4.,,/..44:.. 4 4 4it,.„,....„.' S9Y. m u) b 6 E.:?„ .„.:,..,„.....„ :„.„.„.. ,....„ •,,.. , J, ... ... .. ,. c•-,2,2,..„,,,.,,,...•„••• • .,,,,,,„• ,. ';',`,.4.',',.., ,,..?;: .-;k2 '.:: -'.: .,,„..,. .... �,K1: + , �. ,O1 1 , . . . r }rv ' i 1 '69C.".1"1 :4` 9 ' + t 7 �< Y ti ..:`.8. x d5 t s .t- ' '1 , pry,.. .y ` s'£fi "t.. ;,,,,4].-,..-....,.. ar4 !-a:, -is ' ' R '.a. jjj.. ,s. t ,. ' 1l',.,-.,,;?i.. ...... } l r.. y y .'HI' .1 A • ti4 J { , spa Joe .7,..z. . ..,, ,. ..., , .:...• ,. .. .., .;1....,.. tti. t,:r. , 'afl�i .: r7a.i.:.: „:„.:c.,,,.,: ?)...r.2 . . . 73 #„w, �a ate, ,. 4 s. ii r _ o . 47i:, {,„x':C *tea, : �° E � •'_ y rte, c • • y7�#r. ,m ,. {,: f-.._.^ IicH 10 >n� l\ f t � zXy, A fyy • .4 lA 56 � '. of \ ; e y. '��t it r +� 1 # I . . .. . • •. " tc ` ti j AT: ' rt ' 1,f: 4! ' . • ''C''-{l'talr"44i�]t Ilk. Illtr, ,:',',...:,::..:.„....‘it 6 _ ., .., . sss�TaeT*w•"- ..,. ,..„ •__ . ... ? \ x'' t z . 2005-1745 26 SOIL SURVEY shale is about 18 inches. Permeability is moderate. Availa- plication of barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer. ble water capacity is low. The effective rooting depth is Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue 10 to 20 inches. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and are important. the erosion hazard is moderate. In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, This unit is used as rangeland and wildlife habitat. The barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to potential native vegetation is dominated by alkali sacaton, winter wheat and is summer fallowed in alternate years western wheatgrass, and blue grama. Buffalograss, to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is sideoats grama, needleandthread, little bluestem, sedge, too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. winterfat, and fourwing saltbush are also present. Poten- Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- tial production ranges from 800 pounds per acre in lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. favorable years to 500 pounds in unfavorable years. As The potential native vegetation on this range site is range condition deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential Management of vegetation on this unit should be based production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, Western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacaton, sideoats and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, grama, little bluestem, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected the site as range condition becomes poorer. should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can Management of vegetation on this soil should be based be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. spring has proven most successful. Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats Rangeland wildlife, such as antelope, cottontail, and grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested coyote, are best suited to this unit. Because forage wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected production is typically low, grazing management is needed should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can if livestock and wildlife share the range. Livestock water- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be ing facilities also are utilized by various wildlife species. drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in The nearby cropland makes areas of this unit valuable as spring has proven most successful. escape cover for openland wildlife, especially pheasants. Windbreak and environmental plantings are generally Capability subclass VIe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Shaly not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed to Plains range site. determine if plantings are feasible. 37—Nelson fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The This is a moderately deep, well drained soil on plains at cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked elevations of 4,800 to 5,050 feet. It formed in residuum pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can from soft sandstone. Included in mapping are small areas be developed by establishing areas for nesting and escape of soils that have sandstone at a depth of more than 40 cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- inches. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- Typically the surface layer is light brownish gray fine ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- sandy loam about 9 inches thick. The underlying material land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be is light olive brown fine sandy loam. Soft sandstone is at attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, a depth of about 30 inches. managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water The underlying sandstone is the most limiting feature capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to of this soil. Neither septic tank absorption fields nor 40 inches. Surface runoff is slow to medium, and the ero- sewage lagoons operate properly. Site preparation for sion hazard is low. dwellings is more costly. Environmental and beautifica- This soil is suited to most of the irrigated crops com- tion plantings of trees and shrubs may be difficult to monly grown in the area, but it is somewhat restricted establish. This soil, however, does have good potential for because it is only moderately deep. A suitable cropping such recreational development as camp and picnic areas system is corn, corn for silage, barley, 3 to 4 years of al- and playgrounds. Capability subclass IIIs irrigated, IVe falfa, and wheat. This soil is also well suited to irrigated nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. pasture. C3 —Nelson tine sandy Loam 3 to 9 percent slopes) Row crops can be irrigated by furrows or sprinklers. This is a moderately deep, well drained soil on plains at Flooding from contour ditches and sprinkling are suitable elevations of 4,800 to 5,050 feet. It formed in residuum in irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Small heads derived from soft sandstone. Included in mapping are of water and short runs help to reduce erosion. Produc- small areas of soils that have sandstone at a depth of tion can be maintained with frequent irrigations and ap- more than 40 inches. WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 27 Typically the surface layer is light brownish gray fine establish. This soil, however, does have good potential for sandyloam about 8 inches thick. The underlying material such recreational development as camp and picnic areas is I olive brown fine sandy loam. Soft sandstone is at and playgrounds. Capability subclass IVe irrigated, VIe a depin of about 28 inches. nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water 39—Nunn loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a deep, capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,550 to 5,000 40 inches. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the ero- feet. It formed in mixed alluvium. Included in mapping sion hazard is moderate. are small, long and narrow areas of sand and gravel This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive deposits and small areas of soil that are subject to occa- cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The cropping sional flooding. Some small leveled areas are also in- system should be limited to such close grown crops as al- eluded. falfa, wheat, and barley. This soil is also suited to ir- Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish rigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 brown loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is light years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small brownish gray clay loam about 12 inches thick. The upper grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. part of the substratum is light brownish gray clay loam. Close grown crops can be irrigated from closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers. Contour furrows or sprin- The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is brown sandy klers should be used for new crops. Applications of loam. nitrogen and phosphorus help Permeability ciyis is tive slow. Available inches es g P Pin maintaining good produc- capacity high. rooting p tion. P Y The effective depth is 60 The potential native vegetation on this range site is or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue low. grama. Needleandthread, This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It switchgrass, sideoats grams, is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, sugar beets, small and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, g grain, or beans. Few conservation prac- and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade tices are needed to maintain top yields. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- the ^ as range condition becomes poorer. IV .gement of vegetation on this soil should be based rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and corn- on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected vegetation should be continued for as many years as possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush, lilac, spring has proven most successful. Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally Siberian peashrub, and American plum. not suited. Onsite investigation is needed to determine if Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The plantings are feasible. cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can i cropland areas provide wildlife habitat for ring-necked be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- ment. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength, land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be and moderately slow permeability. These features create attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas i managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the The underlying sandstone is the most limiting feature substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields of this soil. Neither septic tank absorption fields nor and foundations. Some areas are adjacent to streams and sewage lagoons operate properly. Site preparation for are subject to occasional flooding. This soil has fair poten- dweljiags is more costly. Environmental and beautifica- tial for such recreational development as camp and picnic tion ntings of trees and shrubs may be difficult to areas and playgrounds. Capability class I irrigated. WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 31 attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- xnanaging livestock grazing and reseeding where needed. tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of his soil has good potential for urban development. The vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation only limiting feature is the moderately rapid permeability may be needed at the time of planting and during dry in the substratum, which causes a hazard of ground water periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival contamination from sewage lagoons. The loamy sand stir- are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa face layer is a limitation for recreational development. pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, We nonirrigated; an peashrub. Sandy Plains range site. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The <15—Olney foamy sand, 3 to 5 percent slepeOThis is a cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,600 to pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can 5,200 feet. It formed in mixed outwash deposits. Included be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape in mapping are small areas of soils that have sandstone cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- and shale within a depth of 60 inches and some small tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- leveled areas. ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is grayish land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be brown loamy sand about 7 inches thick. The subsoil is yel- attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, lowish brown and very pale brown sandy clay loam about managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. 14 inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is This soil has good potential for urban development. The very pale brown, calcareous fine sandy loam. only limiting feature is the moderately rapid permeability Permeability and available water capacity are in the substratum, which causes a hazard of ground water moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or contamination from sewage lagoons. The loamy sand sur- more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard if face layer is a limitation for recreational development. low. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops com- Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, VI nonirrigated; Sandy monly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and alfalfa or Plains range site. close grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent of 46—Olney fine sandy loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. the time. Close grown crops and pasture can be irrigated This is a deep, well drained soil on smooth plains at eleva- contour ditches and corrugations. Furrows, contour tions of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in mixed outwash fows, and cross slope furrows are suitable for row deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that crops. Sprinkler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping til- have a dark surface layer and some small leveled areas. lage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue help to con- Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is grayish trol erosion. Maintaining fertility and organic matter con- brown fine sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil tent is important. Crops respond to barnyard manure and is yellowish brown and very pale brown sandy clay loam commercial fertilizer. about 15 inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 The potential native vegetation on this range site is inches is very pale brown, calcareous fine sandy loam. dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue Permeability and available water capacity are grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- low. ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 the site as range condition becomes poorer. to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, Management of vegetation on this soil should be based sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac- on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- tices are needed to maintain top yields. tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in be seeded into clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of spring has proven most successful. vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation -Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally may be needed at the time of planting and during dry 3d to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival 4WD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART ^ 37 Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability subclass may be needed at the time of planting and during dry IIs irrigated. periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival 55—Paoli loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep, are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa wall drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,700 to 5,250 pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The It formed in alluvial deposits. Included in mapping shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- are small areas of soils that have a loamy sand surface an peashrub. layer. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The Typically the surface layer is grayish brown loam about cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked 22 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can inches is light brownish gray fine sandy loam. be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low. ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It This soil has good potential for urban and recreational is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- development. The primary limiting feature is the rapid ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, permeability in the substratum, which causes a hazard of and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 ground water contamination from sewage lagoons. Road to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, designs should be modified to compensate for the sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Land leveling, ditch moderate frost potential. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow lining, and installing pipelines may be needed for proper well. Capability subclass IIe irrigated, IIIe nonirrigated; water application. Ov rflow range site. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- 56—Renohill clay loam, 0 to 3 percent slope;This is rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- a moderately deep, well drained soil on� at eleva- mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. tions of 4,850 to 5,200 feet. It formed in residuum from This soil is well suited to winter wheat, barley, and shale. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that sorghum if it is summer fallowed in alternate years. have shale deeper than 40 inches. Winter wheat is the principal crop. The predicted average Typically the surface layer is grayish brown clay loam yield is 33 bushels per acre. If the crop is winterkilled, about 9 inches thick. The subsoil is grayish brown and spring wheat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is too pale brown clay loam about 14 inches thick. The sub- low for beneficial use of fertilizer. stratum is pale brown clay loam. Shale is at a depth of Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- about 32 inches. are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is .racing also may be needed to control water erosion. moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40 inches. The potential native vegetation is dominated by Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is western wheatgrass. Blue grama, switchgrass, sand moderate. reedgrass, big bluestem, slender wheatgrass, indiangrass, This soil is suited to most of the irrigated crops com- and green needlegrass are also present. Potential produc- monly grown in the area, but the high clay content and tion ranges from 3,000 pounds per acre in favorable years moderate depth of the soil slightly restrict some crops. A to 2,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition suitable cropping system is corn, corn for silage, barley, 3 deteriorates, the tall grasses decrease, blue grama and to 4 years of alfalfa, and wheat. This soil is also well buffalograss increase, and forage production drops. Un- suited to irrigated pasture. desirable weeds and annuals invade and erosion can occur Furrows can be used in irrigating row crops. Flooding as range condition becomes poorer. from contour ditches is suitable for close grown crops and Management of vegetation on this soil should be based pasture. Production can be maintained by applying bar- on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- nyard manure and commercial fertilizer. Keeping tillage tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. to a minimum and utilizing crop residue are important. Western wheatgrass, switchgrass, sand reedgrass, In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, sideoats grama, pubescent wheatgrass, intermediate barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to wheatgrass, and blue grama are suitable for seeding. The winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 25 bushels grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years livestock. It can be seeded into a firm, prepared seedbed. to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is A grass drill should be used. Seeding early in spring has too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. proven most successful. Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in The potential native vegetation is dominated by establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is also tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in unfavorable 38 SOIL SURVEY years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buf- Closely spaced contour ditches can be used in irrigatin falograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds and annuals in- close grown crops. Contour furrows should be used fc vade the site as range condition becomes poorer. row crops. Applications of barnyard manure and commei Management of vegetation on this soil should be based cial fertilizer help to maintain good production. Keepin on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue are impm tion. Range pitting can reduce runoff. Seeding is desirable tant. if the range is in poor condition. Western wheatgrass, The potential native vegetation is dominated b blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pubescent western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is als wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seed- present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pound ing. The grass selected should meet the seasonal require- per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in unfavorabl ments of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-but sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared falograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds and annuals in seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven most success- vade the site as range condition becomes poorer. ful. Management of vegetation on this soil should be base Windbreak and environmental plantings are generally on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produe not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed to tion. Range pitting can reduce runoff. Seeding is desirabi determine if plantings are feasible. Supplemental water is if the range is in poor condition. Western wheatgrasr needed for successful plantings. blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pubescen Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seed cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked ing. The grass selected should meet the seasonal require ments of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firn pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepare( be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape cover. For pheasant, undisturbed nesting is essential and seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven most success should be included in plans for habitat development, espe- ful. cially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rangeland wildlife, Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generalll not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed t( for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by determine if plantings are feasible. Supplemental water hdeveloping livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. needed for successful plantings. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The This soil has poor potential for urban uses and only moderate potential for recreational development. The cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked chief limiting features are the underlying shale, the low pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape strength, and the moderate to high shrink swell. These features present severe problems in dwelling and road cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is velop- construction and in use of septic tank absorption fields tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- and sewage lagoons. Capability subclass IIIs irrigated, land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be IVe nonirrigated; Clayey Plains range site. yloam, 3 to 9 percent slopes)This is attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, (57—Renohill cla a moderately deep, well drained soil on upland hills and managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. This soil has poor potential for urban and recreational ridges at elevations of 4,850 to 5,200 feet. It formed in residuum from shale. Included in mapping are small areas ingdev shale, thet. The chief strength,lim ,na andfe the es are the uo high of soils that have shale deeper than 40 inches. ing shale, low moderate le high Typically the surface layer is grayish brown clay loam shrink swell. These features present severe problems in dwelling and road construction and in use of septic tank about 9 inches thick. The subsoil is grayish brown and absorption fields and sewage lagoons. Capability subclass pale brown clay loam about 12 inches thick. The sub- IVe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Clayey Plains range site. stratum is pale brown clay loam. Shale is at a depth of 58—Shingle loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a shal- about 29 inches. low, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,850 to Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is 5,200 feet. It formed in residuum from shale. Included in moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40 inches. mapping are some small areas of shale and sandstone out- Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard crops. is moderate. Typically the surface layer is This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive Y grayish brown loam about cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The cropping 6 inches thick. The underlying leisat depth material is light inches. PP g brown clay loam. Shale is a of about 18 inches.system should be limited to such close grown crops as al- Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is falfa, wheat, and barley. The soil also is suited to ir- low. The effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 inches. Sur- rigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 face runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low. years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small This soil is suited only to limited cropping. A suitable grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa and 2 years of WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 105 TABLE 7.--SANITARY FACILITIES--Continued name and Septic tank I Sewage lagoon Trench Area Daily cover ip symbol absorption areas sanitary sanitary for landfill fields landfill landfill 21 , 22 Severe: Severe: Severe: Slight Fair: Dacono percs slowly. seepage. seepage. too clayey. 23 Moderate: Moderate: Slight Slight Good. Fort Collins percs slowly. seepage. i 24 Moderate: Moderate: Slight Slight Good. Fort Collins percs slowly. seepage, slope. 25, 26 Severe: Severe: Severe: Severe: Good. Haverson floods. floods. floods. floods. 27, 28 Severe: Moderate: Severe: Slight Poor: Heldt percs slowly. slope. too clayey. too clayey. 29, 30 Slight Severe: Severe: Severe: Good. Julesburg seepage. seepage. seepage. 31 Slight Moderate: Slight Slight Good. Kim seepage. 32, 33 Slight Moderate: Slight Slight Good. Kim seepage, slope. 34 Slight Severe: Slight Slight Good. Kim slope. 35*: Loup Severe: Severe: Severe: Severe: Poor: .0--. wetness, wetness, wetness, wetness, wetness. floods. seepage, floods, floods, floods. seepage. seepage. Boel Severe: Severe: Severe: I Severe: Poor: wetness, wetness, wetness, wetness, too sandy. floods. seepage, floods, floods. floods. seepage. 36*: Midway Severe: Severe: Severe: Moderate: Poor: peres slowly, depth to rock, depth to rock, slope. too clayey, depth to rock. slope. too clayey. ; thin layer. Shingle Severe: Severe: Severe: Moderate: Severe: depth to rock. slope, depth to rock. slope. thin layer. depth to rock. 37 38- Severe: Severe: Severe: Severe: Fair: Ne depth to rock. depth to rock, depth to rock, seepage. thin layer. seepage. seepage. 39 Severe: Moderate: Slight Slight Fair: Nunn percs slowly. excess humus. too clayey. 40 Severe: Moderate: Slight Slight Fair: Nunn percs slowly. excess humus, too clayey. slope. 41 Severe: Moderate: Slight Slight Fair: Nunn percs slowly. excess humus. too clayey. 42 Severe: Moderate: Slight Slight Fair: Nunn percs slowly. excess humus, too clayey. slope. See footnote at end of table. 106 SOIL SURVEY TABLE 7.--SANITARY FACILITIES--Continued Soil name and Septic tank Sewage lagoon ; Trench Area Daily cover map symbol absorption areas sanitary sanitary for landfill fields landfill landfill i ; 43 Severe: Moderate: ;Slight Slight Fair: Nunn percs slowly. excess humus. ; too clayey. 44, 45, 46, 47, 48-- Slight Severe: :Slight Slight Good. Oln- seepage. 49 Slight Severe: ;Severe: Severe: ,Fair: Osgood seepage. ; seepage. seepage. ; too sandy. 50, 51 , 52 Slight Severe: ;Slight Slight ;Good. Otero seepage. I ; . 53 Slight Severe: ;Slight Slight ;Good. Otero slope, seepage. 54 Slight Severe: ;Severe: Severe: ;Good. Paoli seepage. I seepage. seepage. 55 Slight Severe: ;Severe: Severe: ,Good. Paoli seepage. ; seepage. seepage. 56, 57 Severe: Severe: :Severe: Slight :Fair: enohill percs slowly, depth to rock. ; depth to rock. ; too clayey, depth to rock. ; I thin layer. 58, 59 Severe: Severe: Severe: Slight Poor: Shingle depth to rock. depth to rock. depth to rock. thin layer. 60*: .-- Shingle Severe: Severe: Severe: Slight Poor: depth to rock. depth to rock. depth to rock. thin layer. Renohill Severe: Severe: Severe: Slight Fair: percs slowly, depth to rock. depth to rock. too clayey, depth to rock. thin layer. 61 Severe: Severe: Severe: Severe: Poor: Tassel depth to rock. depth to rock, depth to rock, seepage. thin layer, I seepage, seepage. area reclaim. slope. 62, 63 Severe: ;Severe: Severe: Slight Fair: Terry depth to rock. ; depth to rock, depth to rock. thin layer, seepage. area reclaim. 64, 65 Severe: ;Severe: Severe: Slight Fair: Thedalund depth to rock. ; depth to rock. depth to rock. thin layer. 66 Severe: ;Slight Moderate: Slight Poor: Ulm percs slowly. too clayey. too clayey. 67 Severe: ;Moderate: Moderate: Slight Poor: Ulm percs slowly. ; slope. too clayey. too clayey. 68* Moderate: ;Severe: Severe: Severe: Poor: Ustic Torriorthents slope. ; seepage, seepage, seepage. too sandy, I small stones. too sandy. small stones. 69, 70 Slight 'Severe: Severe: Severe: Poor: Valent seepage. too sandy, seepage. too sandy. seepage. 71*: Valent Slight Severe: Severe: Severe: Poor: seepage. too sandy, seepage. too sandy. seepage. ' See footnote at end of table. Hello