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WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 35
and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, should be grown at least 50 percent of the time. Contour
and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade ditches and corrugations can be used in irrigating close
tiasite as range condition becomes poorer. grown crops and pasture. Furrows, contour furrows, and
magement of vegetation on this soil should be based cross slope furrows are suitable for row crops. Sprinkler
' on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- irrigation is also desirable. Keeping tillage to a minimum
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. and utilizing crop residue help to control erosion. Main-
e Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats taining fertility is important. Crops respond to applica-
{ grams, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested tions of phosphorus and nitrogen.
wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The selected The gt' grass potential native vegetation on this site is
should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
be seeded into a clean, firm stubble, or it can be drilled grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama,
into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential
proven most successful. production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora-
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally tale years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range
suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass,
establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- and switchgrass decrease, and blue grama, sand dropseed,
tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade
' vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation the site as range condition becomes poorer.
may be needed at the time of planting and during dry Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats
shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested
an peashrub. wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can
Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be
game species can be attracted by establishing areas for drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed spring has proven most successful.
nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in
^culture. establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul-
.apid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of
has resulted in urbanization of much of this Otero soil. vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation
This soil has excellent potential for urban and recrea- may be needed at the time of planting and during dry
tional development. The only limiting feature is the periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival
moderately rapid permeability in the substratum, which are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa
causes a hazard of ground water contamination from pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The
sewage lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi-
Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; an peashrub.
Sa P4aiq ranee Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil.
— slopaslThis is a Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non-
deep, we drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,700 to game species can be attracted by establishing areas for
5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed
deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans
have loam and clay loam underlying material. Also in- for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive
eluded are small areas of soils that have sandstone and agriculture.
shale within a depth of 60 inches. Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area
Typically the surface layer of this Otero soil is brown has resulted in urbanization of much of this Otero soil.
sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The underlying material The soil has excellent potential for urban and recreational
to a depth of 60 inches is pale brown calcareous fine development. The only limiting feature is the moderately
sandy loam. rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a
Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is hazard of ground water contamination from sewage
moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability
more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is subclass IIIe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains
low• range site.
This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It 53—Otero sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes. This is a
is suited to the crops commonly grown in the area. deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,700 to
Distennial grasses and alfalfa or close growing crops 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian
20 SOIL SURVEY
`^ from grass and weeds are the principal hazards in tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years
establishing tree and shrub plantings. Summer fallowing a to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition
year in advance in nonirrigated areas and continued cul- deteriorates, the tall grasses decrease, blue grama and
tivation for weed control are needed to insure establish- buffalograss increase, and forage production drops. Un-
ment and survival of plantings. Supplemental irrigation desirable weeds and annuals invade the site and erosion
may be needed. Trees that are best suited and have good can occur as range condition becomes poorer.
survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
ponderosa pine, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The shrubs on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub, tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
and American plum. Western wheatgrass, switchgrass, sand reedgrass,
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The sideoats grama, pubescent wheatgrass, intermediate
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked wheatgrass, and blue grama are suitable for seeding. The
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape livestock. It can be seeded into a firm prepared seedbed.
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- A grass drill should be used. Seeding early in spring has
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- proven most successful.
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Windbreaks and environmental plantings are well
This soil is poorly suited to urban and recreational suited to this soil. Flooding and moisture competition
development because of the susceptibility to flooding. from grass and weeds are the principal hazards in
Capability subclass IIw irrigated. establishing tree and shrub plantings. Summer fallowing a
ave nt s oyes. This is a year in advance in nonirrigated areas and continued cul-
deep, well drained soil on low terraces and flood plains at tivation for weed control are needed to insure establish-
elevations of 4,500 to 4,800 feet. It formed in stratified ment and survival of plantings. Supplemental irrigation
calcareous alluvium. Included in mapping are small areas may be needed. Trees that are best suited and have good
of soils that have fine sandy loam and sandy loam under- survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar,
lying material and small areas of soils that have sand and ponderosa pine, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The shrubs
gravel within a depth of 40 inches. best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub,
Typically the surface layer of this Haverson soil is and American plum.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
grayish brown loam about 4 inches thick. The underlying
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
material to a depth of 60 inches is pale brown loam
stratified with thin lenses of loamy sand and clay loam. Pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is
high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
Surface runoff is slow to medium, and the erosion hazard tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
is low. ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com-
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets,
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- managing livestock o grazing, and reseeding where needed.
le of a suitable cropping This eo soil is because e suited to urban and to flooding.
p system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa development of the susceptibility to flooding.
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, Capability subclass IIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated;
or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing Loamy Plains range site.
pipelines may be needed for proper water applications. 27—Heldt silty clay, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- deep, moderately well drained soil on plains at elevations
rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- of 4,950 to 5,050 feet. It formed in alluvial sediment
mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. derived from shale. Included in mapping are small areas
In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, of soils that have a clay loam or silt loam subsoil and sub-
barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to stratum.
winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels Typically the surface layer is light brownish gray and
per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years light yellowish brown silty clay about 7 inches thick. The
to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is subsoil is light brownish gray silty clay about 27 inches
too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. thick.The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is silty clay.
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is high.
lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface
Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is moderate.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by In irrigated areas this soil is suited to crops commonly
western wheatgrass. Blue grama, switchgrass, sand grown in the area, such as corn, sugar beets, beans, alfal-
reedgrass, big bluestem, slender wheatgrass, indiangrass, fa, and small grain. The high clay content generally
and green needlegrass are also present. Potential produc- restricts some crops.
28 SOIL SURVEY
40—Nunn loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep, vegetation should be continued for as many years as
well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,550 to 5,000 possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
feet. It formed in mixed alluvium. Included in mapping have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
are small, long and narrow areas of sand and gravel redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and
deposits and small areas of soils that are subject to occa- hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac,
sional flooding. Some leveled areas are also included. lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
brown loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is light cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
brownish gray clay loam about 12 inches thick. The upper pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
part of the substratum is light brownish gray clay loam. be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is brown sandy cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
loam. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
hazard is low. managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop-
monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, ment. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength,
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- and moderately slow permeability. These features create
ple of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the
or beans. Generally such characteristics as a high clay substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields
content or a rapidly permeable substratum slightly and foundations. Some areas of this soil are adjacent to
restrict some crops. streams and are subject to occasional flooding. The poten-
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- tial is fair for such recreational development as camp and
rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water picnic areas and playgrounds. Capability subclass Ile ir-
management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer- ri ated, life nonirrigated; Loamy Plains range site.
cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. r41—NIInn clay loam,0 to i percent cent slope . This is a
Most nonirrigated areas are used for small grain. The deep, welfThrainerreterraces an ooth plains at
soil is summer fallowed in alternate years. Winter wheat elevations of 4,550 to 5,150 feet. It formed in mixed allu-
is the principal crop. If the crop is winterkilled, spring vium and eolian deposits. Included in mapping are small,
wheat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is too low long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits and
for beneficial use of fertilizer. small areas of soils that are subject to occasional flooding.
Such practices as stubble mulch farming, striperopping, Some small leveled areas are also included.
and minimum tillage are needed to control soil blowing Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish
and water erosion. brown clay loam about 9 inches thick. The subsoil is light
The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue brownish gray clay loam about 14 inches thick. The upper
grama. Several mid grasses, such as western wheatgrass part of the substratum is clay loam. The lower part to a
and needleandthread, are also present. Potential produc- depth of 60 inches is sandy loam.
tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years Permeability is moderately slow. Available water
to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches
deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease; blue grama, buf- or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is
falograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase; low.
and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage,
Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass, blue sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac-
grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are tices are needed to maintain top yields.
suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com-
a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and
proven most successful. shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well vegetation should be continued for as many years as
suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 29
/ have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern The potential native vegetation is dominated by
cedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is also
berry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds
lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in unfavorable
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buf-
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked falograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds and annuals in-
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can vade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape Management of vegetation of this soil should be based
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- tion. Range pitting can help in reducing runoff. Seeding is
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. desirable if the range is in poor condition. Western
This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop- wheatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pu-
ment. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength, bescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable
and moderately slow permeability. These features create for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal
problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean,
that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm
substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven
and foundations. Some areas of this soil are adjacent to most successful.
streams and are subject to occasional flooding. The poten- Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
tial is fair for such recreational development as camp and well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
picnic areas and playgrounds. Capability class I irrigated, vegetation should be continued for as many years as
42—Nunn clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
deep, well drained soil on terraces and smooth plains at have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
elevations of 4,550 to 5,150 feet. It formed in mixed allu- redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive,and
vium and eolian deposits. Included in mapping are small, hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac,
long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits and lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
small areas of soils that are subject to occasional flooding. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
Some leveled areas are also included. cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
n clay loam aobut 9 inches thick. The subsoil is light be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
b. .nish gray clay loam about 14 inches thick. The upper cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
part of the substratum is light brownish gray clay loam. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is brown sandy ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
loam' land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop-
hazard is low. ment. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength,
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- and moderately slow permeability. These features create
monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the
ple of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, and foundations. Some areas of this soil are adjacent to
or beans. Generally such characteristics as the high clay streams and are subject to occasional flooding. The poten-
content or the rapidly permeable substratum slightly tial is fair for such recreational development as camp and
restrict some crops. picnic areas and playgrounds. Capability subclass IIe ir-
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- rigated, IIIc nonirrigated; Clayey Plains range site.
rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water 43—Nunn loamy sand, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a
management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer- deep, well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,700
cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. to 4,900 feet. It formed in alluvium along Box Elder
In nonirrigated areas most of the acreage is in small Creek. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that
grain and it is summer fallowed in alternate years. have a loamy subsoil and small areas of soils that are sub-
Winter wheat is the principal crop. The predicted average ject to rare flooding.
yield is 33 bushels per acre. If the crop is winterkilled, Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is brown
spring wheat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is too loamy sand overburden about 9 inches thick. The subsoil
low for beneficial use of fertilizer. is dark to very dark grayish brown clay loam about 21
Wribble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is
la re needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. loamy very fine sand, loamy sand, or sand.
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