HomeMy WebLinkAbout20032667.tiff . _W
SOIL SURVEY
30
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops com-
own in the area. Perennial grasses and alfalfa or
grown crops in should be grown at least n percent of
or more is high. The fffis slow,
rooting depth is hazard inches i monly o 50 can pe cent of
the time. Contour ditches and corrugations
or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion is close gr
low.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops com- irrigating crops and pasture. Furrows, contour furrows,
monly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and alfalfa or and cross slope furrows are suitable for row crops. Sprin-
rece. to ge ora t
close grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent of kler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping tillage to a `
the time. Contour ditches and corrugations can be used in minimum and utilizing crop I
irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Furrows, con- sion. Maintaining fertility is important. Crops respond to
tour furrows, and cross slope furrows are suitable for row applications of phosphorus and nitrogen.
lagest arminimumtandlutilizing crop o residue help to con- barley, andrable. Keeping til- In 1sorghumated aMost of soil
the the acreage is winter
planted wheat,
at. The tro to applications. t siog ferthos 'lity is important.horus and n t ogen Crops to winter bushels per cre. The soil isdicted average usually yield is
2n
respondin
no it of phosphorus alternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally
In anrigat g m. Most t soil is suited t winterplanted e to is too low for beneficial use of fertilizer.
barley, and sorghum. of the acreage is precipitation SC bble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til-
per rtar acre. The The predicted average yield is 28 bushels
The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion.
to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion.
too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. The potential native vegetation on this range site is
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
lage are s control soil blowing. grama.generally and western leandthread,wheatgra s areltal o prominent.sideoats
Windbreaks this ands environmental plantingsthe
principal hazard in production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora-
establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years.
sand rAs cans,,
leaving a strip of
Supplemental irrigation ama, sand dropseed,
tivating only in the tree row and by condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem,and vegetation between the rows. and sand sage increaseSAnnuallweeds and grasses invade
may be needed at the time of planting and during dry periods.Trees that are best suited and have good survival
the site as range condition becomes poorer.Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa
pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- Lion. Seeding is desirable if the range s is ingrass,is in poor c condition.
soil. grams, blue grams, pubescent wheatgrass,ass deoats
Wildlife is an important secondary
an peashrub. Sand bluestem, sand reedgr.
use of this non-
nd crested
selected
Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass
game species can be attracted by establishing areas for should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can
nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be
nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive
spring has proven most successful.Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
agriculture. the principal hazard in
Few areas of this Nunn soil are in major growth and suited to this soil. Soil blowing,
urbanized centers. The sandy surface layer, the moderate establishing trees and shrubs, can be con rll a strip by cul-
rare
tivating only in the tree row and by leaving
shrink-swell potential in the subsoil, and the hazard of
rare flooding along Box Elder Creek are the chief limit-
ing features for development. Capability subclass IIIe ir- ve etation between the rows. Supplemental irrigationmay be needed at the time of planting and during dry
ri aced, IVs nonirrioated. I�Ihis is a periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival
,�so on smooth � are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa
Pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The
deep, to 5,200 feet.
soil on o mixed ple at depos of
shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi-
Typically 4,600 feet. It formed in outwash deposits. P
in mapping are layer smallish brown ro areas. sand an peashrub. use of this soil. The
the surface u is grayish lish brmy rown and Wildlife is an important secondary
about e 9 inches n sandy The subsoil
abouto`15 inches thick. cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
very pale brown o clay ale pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
The , lcreo to a a dy of 60 inches is very pale be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
brown, calcareous fine sandy loam. cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
Permte. Thy and available wat capacity inches areculture. Range-
abitat develop-
low. land effective rooting depth is io azar or me and should be included sof
in plans nsive a icantelope,ur . Range-
more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is la dtwildlife, for especially te.ample, the pronghorn
agriculture.
low.
2003-2667
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART
31
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul-
managing livestock grazing and reseeding where needed. tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of
This soil has good potential for urban development. The vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation
only limiting feature is the moderately rapid permeability may be needed at the time of planting and during dry
in the substratum, which causes a hazard of ground water periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival
contamination from sewage lagoons. The loamy sand sur- are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa
face layer is a limitation for recreational development. pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The
Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi-
Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; an peashrub.
Sandy Plains range site. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
45—Olney loamy sand, 3 to 5 percent slopes. This is a cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,600 to pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
5,200 feet. It formed in mixed outwash deposits. Included be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
in mapping are small areas of soils that have sandstone cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
and shale within a depth of 60 inches and some small tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
leveled areas. ment, especially
Range-
Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is in areas of intensive agriculture.grayish land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
brown loamy sand about 7 inches thick. The subsoil is yel- attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
lowish brown and very pale brown sandy clay loam about managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
14 inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is This soil has good potential for urban development. The
very pale brown, calcareous fine sandy loam. only limiting feature is the moderately raid Permeability and available water capacity are in the substratum, which causes a hazard of permeability
ground watr
moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or contamination from sewage lagoons. The loamy sand sur-
more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard if face layer is a limitation for recreational development.
low. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops com- Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, VI nonirrigated; Sandy
monly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and alfalfa or Plains range site.
close grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent of 46—Olney fine sandy loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes.
the time. Close grown crops and pasture can be irrigated This is a deep, well drained soil on smooth plains at eleva-
with contour ditches and corrugations. Furrows, contour tions of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in mixed outwash
furrows, and cross slope furrows are suitable for row deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that
crops. Sprinkler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping til- have a dark surface layer and some small leveled areas.
lage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue help to con- Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is grayish
trol erosion. Maintaining fertility and organic matter con- brown fine sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil
tent is important. Crops respond to barnyard manure and is yellowish brown and very pale brown sandy clay loam
commercial fertilizer. about 15 inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60
The potential native vegetation on this range site is inches is very pale brown, calcareous fine sandy loam.
dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue Permeability and available water capacity are
grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is
production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- low.
ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ-
and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
the site as range condition becomes poorer. to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage,
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac-
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- tices are needed to maintain top yields.
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com-
grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in
be seeded into clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul-
drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of
spring has proven most successful. vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally may be needed at the time of planting and during dry
suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 33
more.Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
low. land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope,In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops com- attracted by developing livestockwatering facilities,
monly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and alfalfa or managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
close grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent of Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area
the time. Contour ditches and corrugations can be used in has resulted in urbanization of much of this Olney soil.
irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Furrows, con- The soil has good potential for urban and recreational
tour furrows, and cross slope furrows are suitable for row development. The only limiting feature is the moderately
crops. Sprinkler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping til- rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a
lage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue help to con- hazard of ground water contamination from sewage
trol erosion. Maintaining fertility is important. Crops lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability
respond to applications of phosphorus and nitrogen. subclass IIIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains
In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, range site.
barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to st.Slizift' M$This is a deep,
winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 25 bushels we I drained soil on smooth plains at elevations of 4,680 to
per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years 4,900 feet. It formed in eolian sands. Included in mapping
to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is are small areas of soils that have a subsoil within 20
too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. inches of the surface. Also included are small areas of
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- soils that have a loam and sandy clay loam subsoil.
lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. Typically the surface layer of this Osgood soil is gray-
Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. ish brown sand about 22 inches thick. The subsoil is
The potential native vegetation on this range site is brown sandy loam about 12 inches thick. The substratum
dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue to a depth of 60 inches is pale brown loamy sand and
grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, sand.
and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60
ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As condi- inches or more. Surface runoff is very slow, and the ero-
tion deteriorates, sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and sion hazard is low.
switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, and This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive
sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade the cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The cropping
site as range condition becomes poorer. system should be limited to such close
al-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based falfa, wheat, and barley. This soil also wn crops is suited to ir-
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- rigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small
Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop.
grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested Closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers can be
wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected used in irrigating close grown crops. Contour furrows or
should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can sprinklers should be used for new crops. Applications of
be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be nitrogen and phosphorus help in maintaining good produc-
drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in tion.
spring has proven most successful. The potential vegetation on this soil is dominated by
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats
suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in grama, needleandthread, little bluestem, and blue grama.
establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- Potential production ranges from 2,500 pounds per acre in
tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of favorable years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As
vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation range condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem,
may be needed at the time of planting and during dry switchgrass, sand reedgrass, sideoats grama, and little
periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival bluestem decrease; forage production drops; and sand
are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa sage increases. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade
pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The and "blowout" conditions can occur as range condition
shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- becomes poorer.
an peashrub. Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, indiangrass, switchgrass,
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape sideoats grama, little bluestem, and blue grama are suite-
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- ble for seeding. Because this soil is susceptible to soil
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- blowing, the grasses should be seeded with an interseeder
34 SOIL SURVEY
or drilled into a firm, clean sorghum stubble. Seeding tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of
early in spring has proven most successful. Brush vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation
management can also help to improve deteriorated range. may be needed at the time of planting and during dry
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival
suited to this soil. Blowing sand and low available water are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa
capacity are the principal hazards in establishing trees pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The
and shrubs. This soil is so loose that trees should be shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi-
planted in shallow furrows, and vegetation is needed an peashrub.
between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil.
to insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non-
good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern game species can be attracted by establishing areas for
redcedar, ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed
best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans
peashrub. for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The agriculture.
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can has resulted in urbanization of much of this Otero soil.
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape This soil has excellent potential for urban and recrea-
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- tional development. The only limiting feature is the
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- moderately rapid permeability in the substratum, which
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- causes a hazard of ground water contamination from
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be sewage lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well.
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, Capability subclass Its irrigated.
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. 51—Otero sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a
Few areas of this soil are in major growth and ur- deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,700 to
banized centers. The chief limiting feature is the rapid 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian
permeability in the substratum, which causes a hazard of deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that
ground water contamination from seepage. Potential for have loam and clay loam underlying material.
recreation is poor because of the sandy surface layer. Typically the surface layer is brown sandy loam about
Capability subclass IVe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Deep 12 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60
Sand range site. inches is pale brown calcareous fine sandy loam.
50—Otero sandy loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is
deep, well drained soil on smooth plains at elevations of moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
4,700 to 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is
deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that low.
have loam and clay loam underlying material. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
Typically the surface layer is brown sandy loam about is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area. Land
12 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipelines may be
inches is pale brown calcareous fine sandy loam. needed for proper water application.
Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com-
more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
low. In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat,
This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to
is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels
ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years
and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitaiton is
to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, too low for beneficial use of fertilizer.
sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Generally, such charac- Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til-
teristics as a high clay content or a rapidly permeable lage are needed to control water erosion. Terracing also
substratum slightly restrict some crops. may be needed to control water erosion.
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- The potential native vegetation on this range site is
rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer- grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama,
cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora-
suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range
establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass,
44 SOIL SURVEY
to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is low.
too low to make beneficial use of fertilizer. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is moderate.
lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. The potential native vegetation is dominated by little
Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. bluestem, sideoats grama, sand reedgrass, blue grama,
The potential native vegetation is dominated by hairy grama, switchgrass, and needleandthread. Potential
western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buffalograss is also production ranges from 700 pounds per acre in favorable
present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds years to 200 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condi-
per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in unfavorable tion deteriorates, the tall and mid grasses decrease, blue
years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buf- grama and hairy grama increase, and forage production
falograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds and annuals in- drops.
vade the site as range condition becomes poorer. Management of vegetation should be based on taking
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based half or less of the total annual production. Deferred graz-
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- ing is practical in improving range condition. Seeding and
tion. Range pitting can reduce runoff. Seeding is desirable mechanical treatment are impractical.
if the range is in poor condition. Western wheatgrass, Windbreaks and environmental plantings generally are
not suited to these soils. Onsite investigation is needed to
blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pubescent
wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seed- determine if plantings are feasible.
ing. The grass selected should meet the seasonal require- Wildlife populations are limited because the necessary
habitat elements are lacking. Because most of the acreage
ments of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm
sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared is rangeland, only rangeland wildlife, for example scaled
quail and antelope, are typical. Extreme care is needed in
seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven most success-
ful. managing livestock grazing in order to provide suitable
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and habitat on these soils.
Potential is poor for urban and recreational develop-
shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
ment. The chief limiting soil features are the loose, coarse
suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
vegetation should be continued for as many years as textured soil, steep slopes, and rapid permeability. Capa-
possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and bility subclass VIIs irrigated, VIIs nonirrigated; Gravel
have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern Breaks range site.
atittagt
redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and i • This is a deep,
hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, excessively drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,650 to
5,100 feet. It formed in eolian deposits. Included in
lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
Wildlife important secondary mapping are small areas of soils that have lime within a
is an use of this soil. The depth of 40 inches.
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked Typically the surface layer is brown sand about 8
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape inches is brown sand.
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be low.
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The cropping
This soil has poor potential for urban and recreational system should be limited to such close grown crops as al-
development. Slow permeability and high shrink swell falfa, wheat, and barley. The soil also is suited to ir-
cause problems in dwelling and road construction. Capa- rigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4
bility subclass IIIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Clayey years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small
Plains range site. grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop.
68—Ustic Torriorthents, moderately steep. These are Closely spaced contour ditches or sprinkers can be used
deep, excessively drained soils on terrace breaks and in irrigating close grown crops. Contour furrows or sprin-
escarpments at elevations of 4,450 to 5,100 feet. They klers should be used for new crops. Applications of bar-
formed in gravelly alluvium and have slopes of 9 to 25 nyard manure and commercial fertilizer help to maintain
percent. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that good production.
have pockets of sandy loam and loam in the underlying The potential vegetation is dominated by sand
material. bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats grama,
Typically the surface layer is pale brown gravelly sand needleandthread, little bluestem, and blue grama. Poten-
about 10 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth tial production ranges from 2,500 pounds per acre in
of 60 inches is pale brown gravelly sand. favorable years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 45
range condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, The potential vegetation is dominated by sand
switchgrass, sand reedgrass, sideoats grama, and little bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats grama,
bluestem decrease, forage production drops, and sand needleandthread, little bluestem, and blue grama. Poten-
sage increases. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade tial production ranges from 2,500 pounds per acre in
and "blowout" conditions can occur as range condition favorable years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As
becomes poorer. range condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem,
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based switchgrass, sand reedgrass, sideoats grama, and little
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- bluestem decrease, forage production drops, and sand
don. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. sage increases. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade
Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, indiangrass, switchgrass, and "blowout" conditions can occur as range condition
sideoats grama, little bluestem, and blue grama are suita- becomes poorer.
ble for seeding. Because this soil is susceptible to soil Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
blowing, it should be seeded using an interseeder, or the on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
seed should be drilled into a firm, clean sorghum stubble. tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
Seeding early in spring has proven most successful. Brush Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, indiangrass, switchgrass,
management also can help in improving deteriorated side-oats grama, little bluestem, and blue grama are suita-
range. ble for seeding. Because this soil is susceptible to soil
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well blowing, it should be seeded using an interseeder or the
suited to this soil. Blowing sand and the moderate availa- seed should be drilled into a firm, clean sorghum stubble.
ble water capacity are the principal hazards in establish- Seeding early in spring has proven most successful. Brush
ing trees and shrubs. The soil is so loose that trees should management can also help in improving deteriorated
be planted in shallow furrows, maintaining vegetation range.
between the rows. Supplemental irrigation is needed to Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have good not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed to
survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, determine if plantings are feasible.
ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs best suited Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. Ran-
are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian peashrub. geland wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can This soil has fair potential for urban development. The
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape chief limiting soil features are the rapid permeability and
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- the susceptibility to soil blowing. Septic tank absorption
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- fields function properly, but in places the sandy sub-
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- stratum does not properly filter the leachate. Sewage
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be lagoons must be sealed. Once established, lawns, shrubs,
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, and trees grow well. Capability subclass VIe irrigated,
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. VIe nonirrigated; Deep Sand range site.
This soil has fair potential for urban development. The 71—Valent-Loup complex, 0 to 9 percent slopes. This
primary limiting soil features are the rapid permeability level to moderately sloping map unit occupies hills, ridges,
and the susceptibility to soil blowing. Septic tank absorp- and depression or pothole-like areas in the sandhills at
tion fields function properly, but in places the sandy sub- elevations of 4,670 to 4,700 feet. The Valent soil makes up
stratum does not properly filter the leachate. Sewage about 60 percent of the unit, the Loup soil about 35 per-
lagoons must be sealed. Once established, the lawns, cent. About 5 percent is dune sand. The Valent soil occu-
shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability subclass IVe ir- pies the hills and ridges and the Loup soil the depressions
ri ed VIe nonirrigated; Deep Sand range site. or potholes.
'C+ H'his is a deep, The Valent soil is deep and excessively drained. It
excessively drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,650 to formed in eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer is
5,100 feet. It formed in eolian deposits. Included in brown sand about 8 inches thick. The underlying material
mapping are small areas of soils that have lime within a to a depth of 60 inches is brown sand.
depth of 40 inches. Also included are small areas of soils Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is
that have sandstone between 40 and 60 inches. moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or
Typically the surface layer of the Valent soil is brown more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is
sand about 6 inches thick. The underlying material to a low.
depth of 60 inches is brown sand. The Loup soil is deep and poorly drained. It formed in
Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is sandy alluvium. Typically the surface layer is very dark
moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or grayish brown, mottled loamy sand about 16 inches thick.
more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is The underlying material to a depth of 60 inches is light
low, brownish gray, mottled loamy sand and sandy loam.
6 SOIL SURVEY
Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 16 inches thick.
noderate. A water table is at or near the surface in The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam.
.piing and about 36 inches below the surface in fall. Sur- Permeabiliity Permeability is
moderately
Th rapid. Available
water
er
'ace runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low'. capacity
This unit is used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The inches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion
potential native vegetation on the Valent soil is hazard is low.
s corn-
lominated by
sand
lttleTebluestem,sand
dl needleanduestem,thread, and monly and In rgtownd areas in the area. Perennials soil is tgrasses andraf alfalfa or
hairy gr
ama,grama. Potential
acre in favorable ry'earsi to 1 400 pounds in un- the grown crops shoul
d tches be grown at least 50 percent of
and corrugations be used in
favorable ating oe grown crops bluestem,years.
reedgrasss range �nsid oat etgrama,eSande little tour r furrows,sand cross slope fur ows are Furrows,
sand suitable row d blowout grass n- o desirable. Keeping til-
crease, ande forageproduction drops.ps.n"Blowouts" occur las lage to airrigation
t minimumand s
utilizing crop residue help to con-
range condition becomes poorer. trol erosion. Maintaining fertility is important. Crops
The native vegetation on the Loup soil is dominated by respond to applications of phosphorus and nitrogen.
sv'itchgrass, little bluestem, sand reedgrass, and western In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, ,
rley,slender wheatgrass, alkali sacaton,ass, sand tsaltgrass,em, esedg, and banter and
The predicted aveagest of the reage is y yield is 20abushels
rush are also present. Potential production ranges from per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years
4,000 pounds per acre in favorable years to 3,000 pounds to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is
in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the too low for beneficial use of fertilizer.e and prairiecordgrass decrease,�andsaltgrasrass, s,le blueuestem,grama, lage are needed farming,control so lblowing and water erosion.
cropping, and minimum i
sand dropseed, sedge, and rush increase. Undesirable Terracing The potential a be eeded t ioneded to ntrouthiswater
erossite is c
weeds and annuals invade the site as range condition dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
becomes poorer. rama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, Itt
Seeding with an interseeder is advisable if the range is g
in poor condition. Sand reedgrass, sand bluestem, sideoats awestern
ranges from s2,200 pounds also
prominent.
ro riacre in favora-
grama, re switchgrass,u little bluestem, indiangrass, and blue production
grama are suitable for seeding. Seeding early in spring ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range rates,has proven most successful. Grazing should be light to condition and switchgrass odecreaseeand bsand lue grama,uestem, ssa dand rdropseed,
eedgrass,
Wildlife important
range deterioration.
is an secondary use of this unit. On and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade
the Valent soil, rangeland wildlife, for example, the the site
srt ange
diiti tin on o esis spoorer.soil should be based
pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing
livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing, on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
and reseeding where needed. tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
The Loup soil, which is typically wet and produces an Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass. switchgrass, sideoats
grs, and crested
dlife such las mallard, teal, geese,t and miscellane- wh atgrasseare suitable for eseeding.nt tThe grass selected
ous shorebirds. Primary management of this soil for wet- should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It
a
land wildlife includes managing livestock grazing, fencing should o be drillednto a Seedingan, firm early insorghu sprim stubsbleprovenr
to control livestock, protecting from fire, and preventing prepared seedbed.
drainage. Natural wetland vegetation should be allowed most successful.
y well
to develop. Capability subclass VIe Sand i Meadow range site, suited ir- d to this soil. Blowing sand l and lowavailable water
rigated; Valent soil in e Choppycapacity are the principal hazards in establishing trees
Loup soil d Meadow range site.
his is a and shrubs. The soil is so loose that trees should be on deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on ins and planted in shallow furrows andntal irrigation ti is needed ined
to
high formedterraces
ia of 4,6its. 0I to e,200d ap ins betweinsureen the rows.sury val. Trees that are best suited and have good
aesoin eolian or alluvial as. dAlso includ. Included sd in areas of survival aremapping
soils sthat leveled hav aaloamysubstr substratumd
some areas of ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs esin juniper, eastern tcedar,
suited
soils that are nonurfac a a a depth of 6a inches.
are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian peashrub.
Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayish Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
brown. The upper 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 6 cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
inches is fine sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
a
n r.
•
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART
47
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be spring has proven most successful.
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. suited to this soil. Blowing sand and low available water
This soil has good potential for urban and recreational capacity are the principal hazards in establishing trees
development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and and shrubs. The soil is so loose that trees should be
trees grow well. The chief limiting soil feature is the planted in shallow furrows and vegetation maintained
rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed
hazard of ground water contamination from sewage to insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have
lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, western
the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IIIe redcedar, ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs
irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian
73—Vona loamy sand, 3 to 5 percent slopes. This is a peashrub.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains and
high terraces at elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
formed in eolian or alluvial deposits. Included in mapping pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
are some leveled areas. Also included are small areas of be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
soils that have a loamy substratum and some areas of
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
soils that are noncalcareous to a depth of 60 inches.
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayish
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
brown. The upper 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 5
inches is fine sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 14 inches thick.
The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam. This soil has good potential for urban and recreational
development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and
Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
trees grow well. The primary limiting soil feature is the
capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60
inches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a
hazard is low. hazard of ground water contamination from sewage
lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by
This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive
cropping is hazardous because of soil blowing. The the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IVe
cropping system should be limited to such close grown tmgated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site.
crops as alfalfa, wheat, and barley. The soil is also suited 74—Vona loamy sand, 5 to 9 percent slopes. This is a
to irrigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains at
eoln
years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in that
grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that
have a loamy substratum and areas of soils that are non-
Closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers can be
used in irrigating close grown crops. Contour furrows or calcareous to a depth of 60 inches.
spinklers should be used for new crops. Application of Typically the surface layer is grayish brown. The u
pper6s inches is loamy sand and ro lower 4 inches l fine
barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer helps to main-
fain good production. sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light yellowish
sub-
The potential native vegetation on this range site is brown fine sandy loam about 12 inches thick. The dominatedp by sand bluestem,g sond reedgrass, stratum to a depth of 60 inches is loamy sand.
. Needleandthread,lue switch and blue Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
and western wheatgrass grass, sideoats grama, capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60
are also prominent. Potential inches or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion
production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- hazard is low.
ale years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range The potential native vegetation on this range site is
condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama,
and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential
:he site as range condition becomes poorer. production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range
,n taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass,
ion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed,
,and bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade
:Tama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested the site as range condition becomes poorer.
a
�.�� 72 .� yr' 2 T -` 49
•
44°•
•z ; � ' '..
rr,: ' • O---,-*-0
70
70 _ •
a�
2972 � Y .
'Mw..
•
33 49
c.
70•• •....:1
4i.9. ..
*jilt. 1%4
R .ir
,44
y-
k a " 73 .r .a 69
m ". ..t 1 .,
1
n ;69 rs M � zat g 49
f ?
70 69a.
m *r • , -• -- s
£ 3 G
49'_ ` xw$' 70 , Br -70 •
44
`, y ri ';',41.1::,‘;:":" l' Stry ;Stza. 70 la" ;.
4.
'a•3f ,tk. ---:-.^..-.0"..a:••..,-
'...- .11-4;,:::÷. i f CO*
�d
X72 : -.. .. - {., a x„ 15h -,, 72
44
49
. ^�,
.:. +!-:'
mi 5 ,, -i�4 49 ; y;
,,.- 70
72
-"44 47
45
�-----., v•
q �v 72 \
PF
•
ii\LH . ..
IS; ;k
•
" ll'? -cit.
\
Y�
•
•
•
•
1 t
£ 1
70 • r
70
,fix r
i
)
'T
it tt
•
2972
72 70
k
• 49
49 ,fie' r r,,. `170 -Z.
Asa
49 .. r i� x fi .- 4 . .44 �,
¢ �Cw
•„ 69 r
v - • aan J •
-i ,- � ~ ,,
; `:
49 $ -+ v.. " y+ z i x,.70 °; ? 70 ;Z:',3-3,:..-
4's.7 .. 'i y
49 ;g, • ,'c 7 44 .. $� {yo 3ro3 b p..s" 's k"3 i,. '�•'*,,:,1:.r..:2E '72R
Y
•
, % 72
72•
'2 e.%
I44
•
49
y •Y
• Ufa
- 70 rX, _
M..;. 5 .. s4. a9 '
70
72
cr,
47 .
•
x.69 •
\ 70
•
Pc
,_.." 72 2 _.
49
r .ICE "` F,- jfi.`^st. 44
re
1 •
>.
.;
ate{._,,
L i
70
2972 1
70
r
69 G`
3 49
t-F
49 :‘,1,-.
1f 70 .10144[1I
49 r illkilk(H", -:
-t 4a
' "m h
v x , N S .r .a42-:2:02:::•••A`,-"`"‘
44 z`, ^, 7 � �a r 4
44 :�'
n.
'. ""_
1A�1's F$'� ,/
n ' e «+' . -%
:44
49
Www r
f'
70 tA4.:,.. r `.
49
Ye, e.i't' 70
44 47
69
6
45
u. .xr �._
Hello