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1.S. Dr rtment of Agriculture, F� ~�a — --I � I 1
agen Base maps are 1 05 0 1
partment of the Interior,Geological SCALE 124000
lydinate grid ticks and EXHIBIT
mately positioned.
• WELD COUNTY, COLORAD I k 5
971853 U S R
Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 13
4—Ascalon fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes. 5—Ascalon fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent slopes.
This deep, well drained soil is on smooth to moderately This deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected
dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy alluvium. to highly dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy
Typically, the surface layer is dark brown fine sandy alluvium.
loam 8 inches thick. The subsoil is sandy clay loam 14 Typically, the surface layer is dark brown fine sandy
inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or loam 6 inches thick. The subsoil is sandy clay loam 15
more is calcareous sandy loam. In some areas the inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or
surface layer is loam. more is calcareous sandy loam. In some areas the
Included in this unit are small areas of Ascalon fine surface layer is loam.
sandy loam that has slopes of 6 to 9 percent, Olney fine Included in this unit are small areas of Altvan fine
sandy loam, and Otero sandy loam. Also included are sandy loam, Cascajo gravelly sandy loam, and Peetz
some areas of Rock outcrop. gravelly sandy loam. Also included are some areas of
Permeability of this Ascalon soil is moderate. Available Rock outcrop.
water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60 Permeability of this Ascalon soil is moderate. Available
inches or more. Runoff is slow to medium, and the water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60
hazard of water erosion is slight to moderate. The inches or more. Runoff is medium to rapid, and the
hazard of soil blowing is moderate. hazard of water erosion is high. The hazard of soil
This unit is used as nonirrigated cropland and blowing is moderate.
rangeland. Winter wheat is the main crop. This unit is used as rangeland and nonirrigated
This unit is well suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, cropland. Areas of nonirrigated cropland are poorly
and sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for suited for use as rangeland and should be seeded to
annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small adapted grasses.
The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation
blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and
usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient
use of fertilizer. buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry
vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,300 pounds.
Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface reduces p soil blowing, and helps to If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred
reduces runoff,
maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- preferred foraee plants decreasespltincreases.ane the eon Therefore, livestock less
mulch farming, striperopping, forage ub plants oh er
p Aping, and minimum tillage help to grazing should be managed so that the desired balance
control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce of preferred species is maintained in the plant
runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve community.
moisture. Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor
The potential plant community on this unit is mainly condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet
blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or
buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry both. Other management practices that are suitable for
vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds. use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing,
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed,
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for
of preferred species is maintained in the plant grazing.
community. This unit is well suited to windbreaks and
Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be
condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet needed when planting and during dry periods.
the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or This map unit is in capability subclass Vle,
both. Other management practices that are suitable for nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site.
use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing,
and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, 6—Ascalon-Blakeland complex, 3 to 15 percent
protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface slopes. This map unit is on alluvial and colluvial fans
layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in and on moderately dissected to highly dissected plains.
the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for This unit is 50 percent Ascalon fine sandy loam and
grazing. 30 percent Blakeland loamy sand. The components of
This unit is well suited to windbreaks and this unit are so intricately intermingled that it was not
environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be practical to map them separately at the scale used.
needed when planting and during dry periods. Included in this unit is about 20 percent Bushman fine
This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, sandy loam, Bresser sandy loam, and Wages fine sandy
nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. loam.
971853
Soil survey Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part
nark grayish brown loam 10 inches thick. The upper 15 grayish brown gravelly sandy loam 3 inches thick. The
inches of the underlying material is very channery sandy next layer is calcareous very gravelly loamy coarse sand
loam, the next 17 inches is channery sandy loam, and 21 inches thick. Below this to a depth of 60 inches or
the lower part to a depth of 60 inches or more is very more is calcareous very gravelly loamy coarse sand.
channery loamy sand. The soil is calcareous throughout. Included in this unit are small areas of soils, on
Permeability of the Curabith soil is moderate. Available backslopes, shoulders, and crests of upland ridges and
water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 60 breaks, that have fine-grained sandstone or siltstone at a
inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water depth of 20 to 40 inches; Rock outcrop on shoulders
erosion is slight to very high. The hazard of soil blowing and crests of upland ridges and breaks; and Otero sandy
is slight. loam and Stoneham fine sandy loam on the lower parts
The Canyon soil is shallow and well drained. It formed of backslopes and on upland ridges and breaks.
in calcareous loamy residuum derived from sandstone. Included areas make up about 25 percent of the total
Typically, the surface layer is dark grayish brown gravelly acreage. The percentage varies from one area to
loam 3 inches thick. Below this is gravelly loam 11 another.
inches thick. Sandstone is at a depth of 14 inches.
Permeability of this Cascajo soil is moderately rapid to
Depth to sandstone ranges from 10 to 20 inches. The
a depth of 3 inches and rapid below this depth. Available
soil is calcareous throughout.
Permeability of the Canyon soil is moderate. Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 60
inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of
water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 10 to 20
water erosion is moderate to very high. The hazard of
inches. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water erosion
is moderate to high. The hazard of soil blowing is slight. soil blowing is slight.
This unit is used as rangeland. Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few
The potential plant community on the Bushman soil is areas are used as a source of gravel.
mainly blue grama, western wheatgrass, The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
blue grama, little bluestem, sideoats grama, and prairie
needleandthread, and little bluestem. The average
annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges from 700 sandreed. The average annual production of air-dry
to 1,800 pounds. The potential plant community on the vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,200 pounds.
Curabith and Canyon soils is mainly blue grama, little f the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred
t stem, sideoats grama, and sedges. The average forage plants decreases and the proportion of less
annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges from 500 preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock
to 1,200 pounds on the Curabith soil and from 400 to grazing should be managed so that the desired balance
1,000 pounds on the Canyon soil. of preferred species is maintained in the plant
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred community.
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less Areas that are heavily infested with undesirable plants
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock can be improved by proper grazing management.
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance Management practices that are suitable for use on this
of preferred species is maintained in the plant unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation
community. grazing. Mechanical treatment is not practical because of
Management practices that are suitable for use on this the stony surface and the steepness of slope. If the
unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation plant cover is disturbed, protection from erosion is
grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a severe
erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a decrease in productivity and in the potential of the soil in
severe decrease in productivity and in the potential of this unit to produce plants suitable for grazing. Slope
the unit to produce plants suitable for grazing. limits access by livestock and results in overgrazing of
This unit is poorly suited to windbreaks and the less sloping areas.
environmental planting. This unit is poorly suited to windbreaks and
This map unit is in capability subclass Vls, environmental plantings. The main limitations are the
nonirrigated. The Bushman soil is in Sandy Plains range large accumulations of lime and moderate available
site, and the Curabith and Canyon soils are in Limestone water capacity. Supplemental irrigation may be needed
Breaks range site. when planting and during dry periods. Summer fallow,
cultivation for weed control, and selection of adapted
20—Cascajo gravelly sandy loam, 5 to 20 percent plants are needed to insure establishment and survival
slopes. This deep, excessively drained soil is on of seedlings.
backslopes and shoulders of moderately dissected to This map unit is in capability subclass Vlls,
highly dissected upland ridges and breaks. It formed in nonirrigated, and in Gravel Breaks range site.
calcareous gravelly alluvium. Slopes are concave. Areas
ar- 'ong and narrow and are 20 to 1,000 acres. 21—Cushman fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent
pically, 15 to 35 percent of the surface is covered slopes. This moderately deep, well drained soil is on
with gravel and cobbles. The surface layer is dark s slightly dissected to moderately dissected plains. It
is!. 9 /ay 1853
Soil survey Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part
l ypically, the surface layer is pale brown loamy sand 4 Most areas of this unit are used as nonirrigated
inches thick. The subsoil is sandy clay loam 27 inches cropland. Winter wheat is the main crop. A few areas are
thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or more is used as rangeland.
calcareous sandy loam. This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and
Included in this unit are small areas of Olney fine sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for
sandy loam, Ascalon fine sandy loam, and Stoneham annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small
fine sandy loam. grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation
Permeability of this Olney soil is moderate. Available usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient
water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 60 use of fertilizer.
inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface
water erosion is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to
high. maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble-
This unit is used as rangeland. mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to
The potential plant community on this unit is mainly control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce
blue grama, prairie sandreed, and needleandthread. The runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve
average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges moisture.
from 700 to 1,800 pounds. The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds.
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred
of preferred species is maintained in the plant forage plants decreases and the proportion of less
community. preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock
Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor grazing should be managed so that the desired balance
condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet of preferred species is maintained in the plant
the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or community.
both Other management practices that are suitable for Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor
us n this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet
and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or
protection both. Other management practices that are suitable for
from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface
use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing,
layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed,
the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface
grazing.
This unit is well suited to windbreaks and layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in
the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for
environmental plantings. Soil blowing can be reduced by grazing.
cultivating only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of This unit is well suited to windbreaks and
vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazarc
may be needed when planting and during dry periods. of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of
This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating
nonirrigated, and in Sandy Plains range site. only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation
between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be
44—Olney fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes.
This deep, well drained soil is on smooth to moderately needed when on for and ntr dry periods. Summer
fallow, cultivation for weed control, and selection of
dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy alluvium. adapted plants are needed to insure establishment and
Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam 6 survival of seedlings.
inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is sandy This map unit is in capability subclass IVe,
clay loam or loam, and the lower 10 inches is calcareous nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site.
sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or
more is calcareous sandy loam. 45—Olney fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent slopes.
Included in this unit are small areas of Olney loamy This deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected
sand, Ascalon fine sandy loam, and Stoneham fine to highly dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy
sandy loam. alluvium.
Permeability of this Olney soil is moderate. Available Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam f
water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60 inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is sand
inches or more. Runoff is slow to medium, and the clay loam or loam, and the lower 10 inches is calcareou
ha J of water erosion is slight to moderate. The sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or
hazard of soil blowing is slight. more is calcareous sandy loam.
971853
Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 33
Most areas of this unit are used as nonirrigated Included in this unit are small areas of Olney loamy
cropland. Winter wheat is the main crop. A few areas are sand, Ascalon fine sandy loam, Stoneham fine sandy
used as rangeland. loam, and Vona sandy loam.
This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and Permeability of this Olney soil is moderate. Available
sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60
annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of
grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation water erosion is moderate to high. The hazard of soil
usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient blowing is moderate.
use of fertilizer. This unit is used as rangeland.
Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and
maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry
mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,300 pounds.
control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred
runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve forage plants decreases and the proportion of less
moisture. preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock
The potential plant community on this unit is mainly grazing should be managed so that the desired balance
blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and of preferred species is maintained in the plant
buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry community.
vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds. Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock both. Other management practices that are suitable for
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing,
of preferred species is maintained in the plant and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed,
community. protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface
Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in
)ndition. The plants selected for seeding should meet the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for
.ne seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or grazing.
both. Other management practices that are suitable for This unit is well suited to windbreaks and
use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard
and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, of soil blowing where the surface is barren of vegetation.
protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating only in the
layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation between
the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed when
grazing. planting and during dry periods. Summer fallow,
This unit is well suited to windbreaks and cultivation for weed control, and selection of adapted
environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard plants are needed to insure establishment and survival
of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of of seedlings.
vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating This map unit is in capability subclass Vle,
only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site.
between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be
needed when planting and during dry periods. Summer 46—Otero sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes. This
fallow, cultivation for weed control, and selection of deep, well drained soil is on smooth to moderately
adapted plants are needed to insure establishment and dissected plains and alluvial fans. It formed in calcareous
survival of seedlings. loamy alluvium.
This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, Typically, the surface layer is brown sandy loam 5
nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60
inches or more is sandy loam. The soil is calcareous
45—Olney fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent slopes. throughout.
This deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected Included in this unit are small areas of Stoneham fine
to highly dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy sandy loam, soils that have a gravelly surface layer or
alluvium. gravelly underlying material, Kim and Mitchell soils, and
Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam 6 Bushman fine sandy loam. Included areas make up
inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is sandy about 20 percent of the total acreage.
,lay loam or loam, and the lower 10 inches is calcareous Permeability of this Otero soil is moderately rapid.
dandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting
more is calcareous sandy loam. depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the
971(353
34 Soil survey
hazard of water erosion is slight. The hazard of soil gravelly underlying material, Kim and Mitchell soils,
blowing is moderate. Bushman fine sandy loam, and soils that have slopes of
Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few less than 3 percent. Included areas make up about 20
areas are used as nonirrigated cropland. Winter wheat is percent of the total acreage.
the main crop. Permeability of this Otero soil is moderately rapid.
The potential plant community on this unit is mainly Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting
blue grama, prairie sandreed, and needleandthread. The depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the
average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges hazard of water erosion is moderate to high. The hazard
from 800 to 2,000 pounds. of soil blowing is moderate.
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred This unit is used as rangeland.
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock blue grama, prairie sandreed, and needleandthread. The
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges
of preferred species is maintained in the plant from 700 to 1,800 pounds.
community. If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred
Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor forage plants decreases and the proportion of less
condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock
the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or grazing should be managed so that the desired balance
both. Other management practices that are suitable for of preferred species is maintained in the plant
use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, community.
and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor
protection from soil blowing is needed. Loss of the condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet
surface layer results in a severe decrease in productivity the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or
and in the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable both. Other management practices that are suitable for
for grazing. use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing,
This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed,
sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface
annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in
grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for
usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient grazing. !E
use of fertilizer. This unit is well suited to windbreaks and
Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard
reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of
maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating
mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation
control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be
runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve needed when planting and during dry periods.
moisture. This map unit is in capability subclass Vle,
This unit is well suited to windbreaks and nonirrigated, and in Sandy Plains range site.
environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard
of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of 48—Otero-Tassel complex, 6 to 30 percent slopes.
vegetation. Soil blowing can be redpced by cultivating This map unit is on highly dissected, convex shoulders
only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation and slightly dissected to highly dissected, concave
between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be backslopes and foot slopes of breaks.
needed when planting and during dry periods. This unit is about 50 percent Otero sandy loam and
This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, about 25 percent Tassel loamy fine sand. The Otero soil
nonirrigated, and in Sandy Plains range site. is on the backslopes and foot slopes, and the Tassel soil
is on the shoulders. The individual components of this
47—Otero sandy loam, 3 to 9 percent slopes. This unit are in areas so narrow that it was not practical to
deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected to map them separately at the scale used.
highly dissected plains and fans. It formed in calcareous Included in this unit are small areas of Kim loam in
loamy alluvium and colluvium. drainageways between foot slopes; Rock outcrop on
Typically, the surface layer is brown sandy loam 5 shoulders; and soils, on backslopes, that are moderately
inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 deep to calcareous sandstone. Included areas make up
inches or more is sandy loam. The soil is calcareous 25 percent of the total acreage.
throughout. The Otero soil is deep and well drained. It formed in
Included in this unit are small areas of Stoneham fine calcareous loamy alluvium. Typically, the surface layer is
sandy loam, soils that have a gravelly surface layer or brown sandy loam 5 inches thick. The underlying
9711963
1
Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 35
material to a depth of 60 inches or more is sandy loam. 49—Paoli fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes.
The soil is calcareous throughout. This deep, well drained soil is on slightly dissected to
Permeability of the Otero soil is moderately rapid. moderately dissected alluvial fans. It formed in
Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting calcareous loamy alluvium. Slopes are concave.
depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the Typically, the upper 15 inches of the surface layer is
hazard of water erosion is high to very high. The hazard brown fine sandy loam and the lower 12 inches is brown
of soil blowing is moderate. coarse sandy loam. The underlying material to a depth of
The Tassel soil is shallow and well drained. It formed 60 inches or more is coarse sandy loam and sandy loam.
in calcareous loamy residuum derived dominantly from The soil is calcareous below a depth of 8 inches.
sandstone. Typically, the surface layer is light yellowish Included in this unit are small areas of soils that have
brown loamy fine sand 7 inches thick. The underlying a surface layer of loamy sand, soils that are
material is fine sandy loam 12 inches thick. Sandstone is noncalcareous, and soils that have restricted drainage.
at a depth of 19 inches. Depth to sandstone ranges from Included areas make up about 15 percent of the total
10 to 20 inches. The soil is calcareous throughout. acreage.
Permeability of the Tassel soil is moderately rapid. Permeability of this Paoli soil is moderately rapid to a
Available water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is depth of 15 inches and rapid below this depth. Available
10 to 20 inches. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60
water erosion is high to very high. The hazard of soil inches or more. Runoff is slow to very slow, and the
blowing is moderate. hazard of water erosion is slight to moderate. The
hazard of soil blowing is moderate.
This unit is used as rangeland.
The potential plant community on the Otero soil is Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few
areas are used as nonirrigated cropland. Winter wheat is
mainly blue grama, prairie sandreed, and
the main crop.
needleandthread. The average annual production of air-
dry vegetation ranges from 700 to 2,000 pounds. The The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
potential plant community on the Tassel soil is mainly blue grama, needleandthread, and prairie sandreed. The
average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges
blue grama, sideoats grama, little bluestem, and
threadleaf sedge. The average annual production of air- from 800 to e,is overgrazed,pognds.
dry vegetation ranges from 300 to 1,000 pounds. foraIf the e range e e the proportion of preferred
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred preferred e plants decreases increases.ane the Therefore,on of less
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less forage plants soh livestock
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock grazing should cie managed ai that the h lnt balance
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance of preferred species is maintained in plant
community.
of preferred species is maintained in the plant Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor
community. condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet
Areas that are heavily infested with undesirable plants the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or
can be improved by proper grazing management. both. Other management practices that are suitable for
management practices that are suitable for use on this use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing,
unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation and rotation grazing. Livestock grazing should be
grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from managed to protect the soil in this unit from erosion.
erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and
severe decrease in productivity and in the potential of sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for
the unit to produce plants suitable for grazing. Slope annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small
limits access by livestock and results in overgrazing of grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation
the less sloping areas. usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient
The Otero soil is well suited to windbreaks and use of fertilizer.
environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface
of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to
vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble-
only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to
between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce
needed when planting and during dry periods. runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve
The Tassel soil is poorly suited to windbreaks and moisture.
environmental plantings. The main limitations are shallow If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from erosion
rooting depth, low available water capacity, and is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a severe
steepness of slopes. decrease in productivity and in the potential of the soil to
This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, produce plants suitable for grazing.
nonirrigated. The Otero soil is in Sandy Plains range site, This unit is well suited to windbreaks and
and the Tassel soil is in Sandstone Breaks range site. environmental plantings. It has few limitations.
5371.833
Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 39
se on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed,
and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface
protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in
layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for
the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for grazing.
grazing.
This unit is well suited to windbreaks and
This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be
sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for needed when planting and during dry periods.
annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small This map unit is in capability subclass Vle,
grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site.
usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient
use of fertilizer. 57—Renohill-Shingle complex, 3 to 9 percent
Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface slopes. This map unit is on moderately dissected to
reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to highly dissected plains, upland ridges, and breaks.
maintain soil filth and organic matter content. Stubble- This unit is 50 percent Renohill fine sandy loam and
mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to 35 percent Shingle clay loam. The Renohill soil is in the
control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce less sloping, slightly concave areas, and the Shingle soil
runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve is in the steeper, convex areas.
moisture. Included in this unit are small areas of Midway and
This unit is well suited to windbreaks and Tassel soils. Also included are some areas of Rock
environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be outcrop. Included areas make up 15 percent of the total
needed when planting and during dry periods. acreage.
This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, The Renohill soil is moderately deep and well drained.
nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. It formed in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived
dominantly from shale. Typically, the surface layer is
56—Renohill fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent brown fine sandy loam 4 inches thick. The subsoil is clay
slopes. This moderately deep, well drained soil is on loam 13 inches thick. The substratum is calcareous clay
moderately dissected to highly dissected plains. It loam 12 inches thick. Shale is at a depth of 29 inches.
armed in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived Depth to shale ranges from 20 to 40 inches.
dominantly from shale. Permeability of the Renohill soil is slow. Available water
Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam 4 capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 20 to 40
inches thick. The subsoil is clay loam 13 inches thick. inches. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water erosion
The substratum is calcareous clay loam 12 inches thick. is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is moderate to
Shale is at a depth of 29 inches. Depth to shale ranges high.
from 20 to 40 inches. In some areas the surface layer is The Shingle soil is shallow and well drained. It formed
loam. in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived
Included in this unit are small areas of Midway clay dominantly from shale. Typically, the surface layer is
loam, Shingle loam, and Rock outcrop of shale. yellowish brown clay loam 4 inches thick. The underlying
Permeability of this Renohill soil is slow. Available material is clay loam 7 inches thick. Shale is at a depth
water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 20 of 11 inches. Depth to shale ranges from 10 to 20
to 40 inches. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water inches. The soil is calcareous throughout.
erosion is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is high. Permeability of the Shingle soil is moderate. Available
This unit is used as rangeland. water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 10 to 20
The potential plant community on this unit is mainly inches. Runoff is medium to rapid, and the hazard of
blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and water erosion is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is
buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry slight.
vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,300 pounds. This unit is used as rangeland.
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred The potential plant community on the Renohill soil is
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less mainly blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,400 pounds. The
of preferred species is maintained in the plant potential plant community on the Shingle soil is mainly
community. western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacatcn, and
Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor sideoats grama. The average annual production of air-
condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet dry vegetation ranges from 300 to 900 pounds.
the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred
'aoth. Other management practices that are suitable for forage plants decreases and the proportion of less
use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock
971.853
v.
Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 41
,n a severe decrease in productivity and in the potential moderately dissected plains and alluvial fans. It formed
of the soil to produce plants suitable for grazing. in calcareous loamy alluvium.
This unit is well suited to windbreaks and Typically, the surface layer is pale brown fine sandy
environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be loam 5 inches thick. The upper 3 inches of the subsoil is
needed when planting and during dry periods. clay loam, and the lower 6 inches is calcareous loam.
This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or more is
nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. calcareous sandy loam.
Included in this unit are small areas of Kim soils and
60—Shingle clay loam, 0 to 9 percent slopes. This Mitchell soils. Included areas make up about 15 percent
shallow, well drained soil is on slightly dissected to of the total acreage.
moderately dissected plains, upland ridges, and breaks. Permeability of this Stoneham soil is moderate.
It formed in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting
dominantly from shale. depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is rapid, and the
Typically, the surface layer is yellowish brown clay hazard of water erosion is slight to moderate. The
loam 4 inches thick. The underlying material is clay loam hazard of soil blowing is moderate.
7 inches thick. Shale is at a depth of 11 inches. Depth to Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few
shale ranges from 10 to 20 inches. The soil is areas are used as nonirrigated cropland. Winter wheat is
calcareous throughout. the main crop.
Included in this unit are small areas of Renohill fine The potential plant community on this unit is mainly
sandy loam, Rock outcrop of shale, areas that are blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and
intermittently ponded, Thedalund loam, and Keota loam. buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry
Included areas make up about 20 percent of the total vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds.
acreage. If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred
Permeability of this Shingle soil is moderate. Available forage plants decreases and the proportion of less
water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock
inches. Runoff is medium to rapid, and the hazard of grazing should be managed so that the desired balance
water erosion is slight to very high. The hazard of soil of preferred species is maintained in the plant
hlowing is slight. community.
This unit is used as rangeland. Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor
The potential plant community on this unit is mainly condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet
western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacaton, and the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or
sideoats grama. The average annual production of air- both. Other management practices that are suitable for
dry vegetation ranges from 300 to 900 pounds. use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing,
If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed,
forage plants decreases and the proportion of less protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface
preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in
grazing should be managed so that the desired balance the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for
of preferred species is maintained in the plant grazing.
community. This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and
Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for
condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small
the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation
both. Areas that are heavily infested with undesirable usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient
plants can be improved by proper grazing management. use of fertilizer.
Other management practices that are suitable for use on Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface
this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to
rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble-
from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to
in a severe decrease in productivity and in the potential control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce
of the soil to produce plants suitable for grazing. runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve
This unit is poorly suited to windbreaks and moisture.
environmental plantings. The main limitations are shallow This unit is well suited to windbreaks and
rooting depth and low available water capacity. environmental plantings. It has few limitations.
This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, Supplemental irrigation may be needed when planting
nonirrigated, and in Shaly Plains range site. and during dry periods. Summer fallow, cultivation for
weed control, and selection of adapted plants are
61—Stoneham fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent needed to insure establishment and survival of
slopes. This deep, well drained soil is on smooth to seedlings.
97185a
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