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HomeMy WebLinkAbout971853.tiff e9 61 1 48 n 48 4 5 \ \ \ 48 \ 772 4 ? _ • 29 \ \.. _7"..' 5 29 29 61 15 . V . 48 13 -\„. \ a 73 48 9 29 48 48 / \ 46 _ 35 62 ---- 4] 29 48 47 47 ( 18 40 36 44 44 47\) )k 144 Cree 29 7 / 47 47 9 62 32 44 2 45 24 12 22 48 29 4 48 45 45 48 47 \r\ 4 47 _ 48 q 46 44 60 r -7- 48 C4 I 51 X 5 4 A. , O0 20 f \ 60 31 48 \ 45 / 4 44 45 0 --) / 27 \ a 2. 44 25 5t 4 4 20 4 65 \ 4 • 40 \ 54 i t 62 4 44 4 31 57 5 56 56 RAYMEREME TER 45 C 40 61 31 EMETERY \ a4 5° � 4 : 4 L 5 (Joins sheet 42) 1 R.58 W. 1 3/4 1/2 1/4 0 1 1.S. Dr rtment of Agriculture, F� ~�a — --I � I 1 agen Base maps are 1 05 0 1 partment of the Interior,Geological SCALE 124000 lydinate grid ticks and EXHIBIT mately positioned. • WELD COUNTY, COLORAD I k 5 971853 U S R Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 13 4—Ascalon fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes. 5—Ascalon fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent slopes. This deep, well drained soil is on smooth to moderately This deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy alluvium. to highly dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy Typically, the surface layer is dark brown fine sandy alluvium. loam 8 inches thick. The subsoil is sandy clay loam 14 Typically, the surface layer is dark brown fine sandy inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or loam 6 inches thick. The subsoil is sandy clay loam 15 more is calcareous sandy loam. In some areas the inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or surface layer is loam. more is calcareous sandy loam. In some areas the Included in this unit are small areas of Ascalon fine surface layer is loam. sandy loam that has slopes of 6 to 9 percent, Olney fine Included in this unit are small areas of Altvan fine sandy loam, and Otero sandy loam. Also included are sandy loam, Cascajo gravelly sandy loam, and Peetz some areas of Rock outcrop. gravelly sandy loam. Also included are some areas of Permeability of this Ascalon soil is moderate. Available Rock outcrop. water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60 Permeability of this Ascalon soil is moderate. Available inches or more. Runoff is slow to medium, and the water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60 hazard of water erosion is slight to moderate. The inches or more. Runoff is medium to rapid, and the hazard of soil blowing is moderate. hazard of water erosion is high. The hazard of soil This unit is used as nonirrigated cropland and blowing is moderate. rangeland. Winter wheat is the main crop. This unit is used as rangeland and nonirrigated This unit is well suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, cropland. Areas of nonirrigated cropland are poorly and sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for suited for use as rangeland and should be seeded to annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small adapted grasses. The potential plant community on this unit is mainly grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient use of fertilizer. buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,300 pounds. Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface reduces p soil blowing, and helps to If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred reduces runoff, maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- preferred foraee plants decreasespltincreases.ane the eon Therefore, livestock less mulch farming, striperopping, forage ub plants oh er p Aping, and minimum tillage help to grazing should be managed so that the desired balance control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce of preferred species is maintained in the plant runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve community. moisture. Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor The potential plant community on this unit is mainly condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry both. Other management practices that are suitable for vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds. use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, forage plants decreases and the proportion of less protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in grazing should be managed so that the desired balance the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for of preferred species is maintained in the plant grazing. community. This unit is well suited to windbreaks and Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet needed when planting and during dry periods. the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, both. Other management practices that are suitable for nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, 6—Ascalon-Blakeland complex, 3 to 15 percent protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface slopes. This map unit is on alluvial and colluvial fans layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in and on moderately dissected to highly dissected plains. the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for This unit is 50 percent Ascalon fine sandy loam and grazing. 30 percent Blakeland loamy sand. The components of This unit is well suited to windbreaks and this unit are so intricately intermingled that it was not environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be practical to map them separately at the scale used. needed when planting and during dry periods. Included in this unit is about 20 percent Bushman fine This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, sandy loam, Bresser sandy loam, and Wages fine sandy nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. loam. 971853 Soil survey Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part nark grayish brown loam 10 inches thick. The upper 15 grayish brown gravelly sandy loam 3 inches thick. The inches of the underlying material is very channery sandy next layer is calcareous very gravelly loamy coarse sand loam, the next 17 inches is channery sandy loam, and 21 inches thick. Below this to a depth of 60 inches or the lower part to a depth of 60 inches or more is very more is calcareous very gravelly loamy coarse sand. channery loamy sand. The soil is calcareous throughout. Included in this unit are small areas of soils, on Permeability of the Curabith soil is moderate. Available backslopes, shoulders, and crests of upland ridges and water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 60 breaks, that have fine-grained sandstone or siltstone at a inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water depth of 20 to 40 inches; Rock outcrop on shoulders erosion is slight to very high. The hazard of soil blowing and crests of upland ridges and breaks; and Otero sandy is slight. loam and Stoneham fine sandy loam on the lower parts The Canyon soil is shallow and well drained. It formed of backslopes and on upland ridges and breaks. in calcareous loamy residuum derived from sandstone. Included areas make up about 25 percent of the total Typically, the surface layer is dark grayish brown gravelly acreage. The percentage varies from one area to loam 3 inches thick. Below this is gravelly loam 11 another. inches thick. Sandstone is at a depth of 14 inches. Permeability of this Cascajo soil is moderately rapid to Depth to sandstone ranges from 10 to 20 inches. The a depth of 3 inches and rapid below this depth. Available soil is calcareous throughout. Permeability of the Canyon soil is moderate. Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 water erosion is moderate to very high. The hazard of inches. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water erosion is moderate to high. The hazard of soil blowing is slight. soil blowing is slight. This unit is used as rangeland. Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few The potential plant community on the Bushman soil is areas are used as a source of gravel. mainly blue grama, western wheatgrass, The potential plant community on this unit is mainly blue grama, little bluestem, sideoats grama, and prairie needleandthread, and little bluestem. The average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges from 700 sandreed. The average annual production of air-dry to 1,800 pounds. The potential plant community on the vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,200 pounds. Curabith and Canyon soils is mainly blue grama, little f the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred t stem, sideoats grama, and sedges. The average forage plants decreases and the proportion of less annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges from 500 preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock to 1,200 pounds on the Curabith soil and from 400 to grazing should be managed so that the desired balance 1,000 pounds on the Canyon soil. of preferred species is maintained in the plant If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred community. forage plants decreases and the proportion of less Areas that are heavily infested with undesirable plants preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock can be improved by proper grazing management. grazing should be managed so that the desired balance Management practices that are suitable for use on this of preferred species is maintained in the plant unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation community. grazing. Mechanical treatment is not practical because of Management practices that are suitable for use on this the stony surface and the steepness of slope. If the unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation plant cover is disturbed, protection from erosion is grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a severe erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a decrease in productivity and in the potential of the soil in severe decrease in productivity and in the potential of this unit to produce plants suitable for grazing. Slope the unit to produce plants suitable for grazing. limits access by livestock and results in overgrazing of This unit is poorly suited to windbreaks and the less sloping areas. environmental planting. This unit is poorly suited to windbreaks and This map unit is in capability subclass Vls, environmental plantings. The main limitations are the nonirrigated. The Bushman soil is in Sandy Plains range large accumulations of lime and moderate available site, and the Curabith and Canyon soils are in Limestone water capacity. Supplemental irrigation may be needed Breaks range site. when planting and during dry periods. Summer fallow, cultivation for weed control, and selection of adapted 20—Cascajo gravelly sandy loam, 5 to 20 percent plants are needed to insure establishment and survival slopes. This deep, excessively drained soil is on of seedlings. backslopes and shoulders of moderately dissected to This map unit is in capability subclass Vlls, highly dissected upland ridges and breaks. It formed in nonirrigated, and in Gravel Breaks range site. calcareous gravelly alluvium. Slopes are concave. Areas ar- 'ong and narrow and are 20 to 1,000 acres. 21—Cushman fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent pically, 15 to 35 percent of the surface is covered slopes. This moderately deep, well drained soil is on with gravel and cobbles. The surface layer is dark s slightly dissected to moderately dissected plains. It is!. 9 /ay 1853 Soil survey Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part l ypically, the surface layer is pale brown loamy sand 4 Most areas of this unit are used as nonirrigated inches thick. The subsoil is sandy clay loam 27 inches cropland. Winter wheat is the main crop. A few areas are thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or more is used as rangeland. calcareous sandy loam. This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and Included in this unit are small areas of Olney fine sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for sandy loam, Ascalon fine sandy loam, and Stoneham annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small fine sandy loam. grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation Permeability of this Olney soil is moderate. Available usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 60 use of fertilizer. inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface water erosion is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to high. maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- This unit is used as rangeland. mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to The potential plant community on this unit is mainly control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce blue grama, prairie sandreed, and needleandthread. The runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges moisture. from 700 to 1,800 pounds. The potential plant community on this unit is mainly If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and forage plants decreases and the proportion of less buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds. grazing should be managed so that the desired balance If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred of preferred species is maintained in the plant forage plants decreases and the proportion of less community. preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor grazing should be managed so that the desired balance condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet of preferred species is maintained in the plant the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or community. both Other management practices that are suitable for Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor us n this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or protection both. Other management practices that are suitable for from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface grazing. This unit is well suited to windbreaks and layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for environmental plantings. Soil blowing can be reduced by grazing. cultivating only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of This unit is well suited to windbreaks and vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazarc may be needed when planting and during dry periods. of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating nonirrigated, and in Sandy Plains range site. only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be 44—Olney fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes. This deep, well drained soil is on smooth to moderately needed when on for and ntr dry periods. Summer fallow, cultivation for weed control, and selection of dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy alluvium. adapted plants are needed to insure establishment and Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam 6 survival of seedlings. inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is sandy This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, clay loam or loam, and the lower 10 inches is calcareous nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or more is calcareous sandy loam. 45—Olney fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent slopes. Included in this unit are small areas of Olney loamy This deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected sand, Ascalon fine sandy loam, and Stoneham fine to highly dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy sandy loam. alluvium. Permeability of this Olney soil is moderate. Available Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam f water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60 inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is sand inches or more. Runoff is slow to medium, and the clay loam or loam, and the lower 10 inches is calcareou ha J of water erosion is slight to moderate. The sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or hazard of soil blowing is slight. more is calcareous sandy loam. 971853 Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 33 Most areas of this unit are used as nonirrigated Included in this unit are small areas of Olney loamy cropland. Winter wheat is the main crop. A few areas are sand, Ascalon fine sandy loam, Stoneham fine sandy used as rangeland. loam, and Vona sandy loam. This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and Permeability of this Olney soil is moderate. Available sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60 annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation water erosion is moderate to high. The hazard of soil usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient blowing is moderate. use of fertilizer. This unit is used as rangeland. Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface The potential plant community on this unit is mainly reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,300 pounds. control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve forage plants decreases and the proportion of less moisture. preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock The potential plant community on this unit is mainly grazing should be managed so that the desired balance blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and of preferred species is maintained in the plant buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry community. vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds. Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet forage plants decreases and the proportion of less the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock both. Other management practices that are suitable for grazing should be managed so that the desired balance use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, of preferred species is maintained in the plant and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, community. protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in )ndition. The plants selected for seeding should meet the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for .ne seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or grazing. both. Other management practices that are suitable for This unit is well suited to windbreaks and use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, of soil blowing where the surface is barren of vegetation. protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating only in the layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation between the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed when grazing. planting and during dry periods. Summer fallow, This unit is well suited to windbreaks and cultivation for weed control, and selection of adapted environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard plants are needed to insure establishment and survival of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of of seedlings. vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed when planting and during dry periods. Summer 46—Otero sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes. This fallow, cultivation for weed control, and selection of deep, well drained soil is on smooth to moderately adapted plants are needed to insure establishment and dissected plains and alluvial fans. It formed in calcareous survival of seedlings. loamy alluvium. This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, Typically, the surface layer is brown sandy loam 5 nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 inches or more is sandy loam. The soil is calcareous 45—Olney fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent slopes. throughout. This deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected Included in this unit are small areas of Stoneham fine to highly dissected plains. It formed in calcareous loamy sandy loam, soils that have a gravelly surface layer or alluvium. gravelly underlying material, Kim and Mitchell soils, and Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam 6 Bushman fine sandy loam. Included areas make up inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is sandy about 20 percent of the total acreage. ,lay loam or loam, and the lower 10 inches is calcareous Permeability of this Otero soil is moderately rapid. dandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting more is calcareous sandy loam. depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the 971(353 34 Soil survey hazard of water erosion is slight. The hazard of soil gravelly underlying material, Kim and Mitchell soils, blowing is moderate. Bushman fine sandy loam, and soils that have slopes of Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few less than 3 percent. Included areas make up about 20 areas are used as nonirrigated cropland. Winter wheat is percent of the total acreage. the main crop. Permeability of this Otero soil is moderately rapid. The potential plant community on this unit is mainly Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting blue grama, prairie sandreed, and needleandthread. The depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is medium, and the average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges hazard of water erosion is moderate to high. The hazard from 800 to 2,000 pounds. of soil blowing is moderate. If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred This unit is used as rangeland. forage plants decreases and the proportion of less The potential plant community on this unit is mainly preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock blue grama, prairie sandreed, and needleandthread. The grazing should be managed so that the desired balance average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges of preferred species is maintained in the plant from 700 to 1,800 pounds. community. If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor forage plants decreases and the proportion of less condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or grazing should be managed so that the desired balance both. Other management practices that are suitable for of preferred species is maintained in the plant use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, community. and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor protection from soil blowing is needed. Loss of the condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet surface layer results in a severe decrease in productivity the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or and in the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable both. Other management practices that are suitable for for grazing. use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient grazing. !E use of fertilizer. This unit is well suited to windbreaks and Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve needed when planting and during dry periods. moisture. This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, This unit is well suited to windbreaks and nonirrigated, and in Sandy Plains range site. environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of 48—Otero-Tassel complex, 6 to 30 percent slopes. vegetation. Soil blowing can be redpced by cultivating This map unit is on highly dissected, convex shoulders only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation and slightly dissected to highly dissected, concave between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be backslopes and foot slopes of breaks. needed when planting and during dry periods. This unit is about 50 percent Otero sandy loam and This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, about 25 percent Tassel loamy fine sand. The Otero soil nonirrigated, and in Sandy Plains range site. is on the backslopes and foot slopes, and the Tassel soil is on the shoulders. The individual components of this 47—Otero sandy loam, 3 to 9 percent slopes. This unit are in areas so narrow that it was not practical to deep, well drained soil is on moderately dissected to map them separately at the scale used. highly dissected plains and fans. It formed in calcareous Included in this unit are small areas of Kim loam in loamy alluvium and colluvium. drainageways between foot slopes; Rock outcrop on Typically, the surface layer is brown sandy loam 5 shoulders; and soils, on backslopes, that are moderately inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 deep to calcareous sandstone. Included areas make up inches or more is sandy loam. The soil is calcareous 25 percent of the total acreage. throughout. The Otero soil is deep and well drained. It formed in Included in this unit are small areas of Stoneham fine calcareous loamy alluvium. Typically, the surface layer is sandy loam, soils that have a gravelly surface layer or brown sandy loam 5 inches thick. The underlying 9711963 1 Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 35 material to a depth of 60 inches or more is sandy loam. 49—Paoli fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent slopes. The soil is calcareous throughout. This deep, well drained soil is on slightly dissected to Permeability of the Otero soil is moderately rapid. moderately dissected alluvial fans. It formed in Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting calcareous loamy alluvium. Slopes are concave. depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow, and the Typically, the upper 15 inches of the surface layer is hazard of water erosion is high to very high. The hazard brown fine sandy loam and the lower 12 inches is brown of soil blowing is moderate. coarse sandy loam. The underlying material to a depth of The Tassel soil is shallow and well drained. It formed 60 inches or more is coarse sandy loam and sandy loam. in calcareous loamy residuum derived dominantly from The soil is calcareous below a depth of 8 inches. sandstone. Typically, the surface layer is light yellowish Included in this unit are small areas of soils that have brown loamy fine sand 7 inches thick. The underlying a surface layer of loamy sand, soils that are material is fine sandy loam 12 inches thick. Sandstone is noncalcareous, and soils that have restricted drainage. at a depth of 19 inches. Depth to sandstone ranges from Included areas make up about 15 percent of the total 10 to 20 inches. The soil is calcareous throughout. acreage. Permeability of the Tassel soil is moderately rapid. Permeability of this Paoli soil is moderately rapid to a Available water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is depth of 15 inches and rapid below this depth. Available 10 to 20 inches. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water capacity is high. Effective rooting depth is 60 water erosion is high to very high. The hazard of soil inches or more. Runoff is slow to very slow, and the blowing is moderate. hazard of water erosion is slight to moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is moderate. This unit is used as rangeland. The potential plant community on the Otero soil is Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few areas are used as nonirrigated cropland. Winter wheat is mainly blue grama, prairie sandreed, and the main crop. needleandthread. The average annual production of air- dry vegetation ranges from 700 to 2,000 pounds. The The potential plant community on this unit is mainly potential plant community on the Tassel soil is mainly blue grama, needleandthread, and prairie sandreed. The average annual production of air-dry vegetation ranges blue grama, sideoats grama, little bluestem, and threadleaf sedge. The average annual production of air- from 800 to e,is overgrazed,pognds. dry vegetation ranges from 300 to 1,000 pounds. foraIf the e range e e the proportion of preferred If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred preferred e plants decreases increases.ane the Therefore,on of less forage plants decreases and the proportion of less forage plants soh livestock preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock grazing should cie managed ai that the h lnt balance grazing should be managed so that the desired balance of preferred species is maintained in plant community. of preferred species is maintained in the plant Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor community. condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet Areas that are heavily infested with undesirable plants the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or can be improved by proper grazing management. both. Other management practices that are suitable for management practices that are suitable for use on this use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation and rotation grazing. Livestock grazing should be grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from managed to protect the soil in this unit from erosion. erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and severe decrease in productivity and in the potential of sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for the unit to produce plants suitable for grazing. Slope annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small limits access by livestock and results in overgrazing of grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation the less sloping areas. usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient The Otero soil is well suited to windbreaks and use of fertilizer. environmental plantings. It is limited mainly by the hazard Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface of soil blowing where the surface layer is barren of reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to vegetation. Soil blowing can be reduced by cultivating maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- only in the tree rows and by leaving a strip of vegetation mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce needed when planting and during dry periods. runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve The Tassel soil is poorly suited to windbreaks and moisture. environmental plantings. The main limitations are shallow If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from erosion rooting depth, low available water capacity, and is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a severe steepness of slopes. decrease in productivity and in the potential of the soil to This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, produce plants suitable for grazing. nonirrigated. The Otero soil is in Sandy Plains range site, This unit is well suited to windbreaks and and the Tassel soil is in Sandstone Breaks range site. environmental plantings. It has few limitations. 5371.833 Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 39 se on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for grazing. grazing. This unit is well suited to windbreaks and This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for needed when planting and during dry periods. annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient use of fertilizer. 57—Renohill-Shingle complex, 3 to 9 percent Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface slopes. This map unit is on moderately dissected to reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to highly dissected plains, upland ridges, and breaks. maintain soil filth and organic matter content. Stubble- This unit is 50 percent Renohill fine sandy loam and mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to 35 percent Shingle clay loam. The Renohill soil is in the control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce less sloping, slightly concave areas, and the Shingle soil runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve is in the steeper, convex areas. moisture. Included in this unit are small areas of Midway and This unit is well suited to windbreaks and Tassel soils. Also included are some areas of Rock environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be outcrop. Included areas make up 15 percent of the total needed when planting and during dry periods. acreage. This map unit is in capability subclass IVe, The Renohill soil is moderately deep and well drained. nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. It formed in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived dominantly from shale. Typically, the surface layer is 56—Renohill fine sandy loam, 6 to 9 percent brown fine sandy loam 4 inches thick. The subsoil is clay slopes. This moderately deep, well drained soil is on loam 13 inches thick. The substratum is calcareous clay moderately dissected to highly dissected plains. It loam 12 inches thick. Shale is at a depth of 29 inches. armed in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived Depth to shale ranges from 20 to 40 inches. dominantly from shale. Permeability of the Renohill soil is slow. Available water Typically, the surface layer is brown fine sandy loam 4 capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 20 to 40 inches thick. The subsoil is clay loam 13 inches thick. inches. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water erosion The substratum is calcareous clay loam 12 inches thick. is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is moderate to Shale is at a depth of 29 inches. Depth to shale ranges high. from 20 to 40 inches. In some areas the surface layer is The Shingle soil is shallow and well drained. It formed loam. in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived Included in this unit are small areas of Midway clay dominantly from shale. Typically, the surface layer is loam, Shingle loam, and Rock outcrop of shale. yellowish brown clay loam 4 inches thick. The underlying Permeability of this Renohill soil is slow. Available material is clay loam 7 inches thick. Shale is at a depth water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting depth is 20 of 11 inches. Depth to shale ranges from 10 to 20 to 40 inches. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water inches. The soil is calcareous throughout. erosion is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is high. Permeability of the Shingle soil is moderate. Available This unit is used as rangeland. water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 The potential plant community on this unit is mainly inches. Runoff is medium to rapid, and the hazard of blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and water erosion is moderate. The hazard of soil blowing is buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry slight. vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,300 pounds. This unit is used as rangeland. If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred The potential plant community on the Renohill soil is forage plants decreases and the proportion of less mainly blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry grazing should be managed so that the desired balance vegetation ranges from 400 to 1,400 pounds. The of preferred species is maintained in the plant potential plant community on the Shingle soil is mainly community. western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacatcn, and Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor sideoats grama. The average annual production of air- condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet dry vegetation ranges from 300 to 900 pounds. the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred 'aoth. Other management practices that are suitable for forage plants decreases and the proportion of less use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock 971.853 v. Weld County, Colorado, Northern Part 41 ,n a severe decrease in productivity and in the potential moderately dissected plains and alluvial fans. It formed of the soil to produce plants suitable for grazing. in calcareous loamy alluvium. This unit is well suited to windbreaks and Typically, the surface layer is pale brown fine sandy environmental plantings. Supplemental irrigation may be loam 5 inches thick. The upper 3 inches of the subsoil is needed when planting and during dry periods. clay loam, and the lower 6 inches is calcareous loam. This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, The substratum to a depth of 60 inches or more is nonirrigated, and in Loamy Plains range site. calcareous sandy loam. Included in this unit are small areas of Kim soils and 60—Shingle clay loam, 0 to 9 percent slopes. This Mitchell soils. Included areas make up about 15 percent shallow, well drained soil is on slightly dissected to of the total acreage. moderately dissected plains, upland ridges, and breaks. Permeability of this Stoneham soil is moderate. It formed in calcareous loamy or clayey residuum derived Available water capacity is moderate. Effective rooting dominantly from shale. depth is 60 inches or more. Runoff is rapid, and the Typically, the surface layer is yellowish brown clay hazard of water erosion is slight to moderate. The loam 4 inches thick. The underlying material is clay loam hazard of soil blowing is moderate. 7 inches thick. Shale is at a depth of 11 inches. Depth to Most areas of this unit are used as rangeland. A few shale ranges from 10 to 20 inches. The soil is areas are used as nonirrigated cropland. Winter wheat is calcareous throughout. the main crop. Included in this unit are small areas of Renohill fine The potential plant community on this unit is mainly sandy loam, Rock outcrop of shale, areas that are blue grama, western wheatgrass, sedges, and intermittently ponded, Thedalund loam, and Keota loam. buffalograss. The average annual production of air-dry Included areas make up about 20 percent of the total vegetation ranges from 500 to 1,500 pounds. acreage. If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred Permeability of this Shingle soil is moderate. Available forage plants decreases and the proportion of less water capacity is low. Effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock inches. Runoff is medium to rapid, and the hazard of grazing should be managed so that the desired balance water erosion is slight to very high. The hazard of soil of preferred species is maintained in the plant hlowing is slight. community. This unit is used as rangeland. Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor The potential plant community on this unit is mainly condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacaton, and the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or sideoats grama. The average annual production of air- both. Other management practices that are suitable for dry vegetation ranges from 300 to 900 pounds. use on this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, If the range is overgrazed, the proportion of preferred and rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, forage plants decreases and the proportion of less protection from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface preferred forage plants increases. Therefore, livestock layer results in a severe decrease in productivity and in grazing should be managed so that the desired balance the potential of the soil to produce plants suitable for of preferred species is maintained in the plant grazing. community. This unit is suited to winter wheat, barley, oats, and Range seeding is suitable if the range is in poor sorghum. Because precipitation is not sufficient for condition. The plants selected for seeding should meet annual cropping, a cropping system that includes small the seasonal requirements of livestock or wildlife, or grain and summer fallow is most suitable. Precipitation both. Areas that are heavily infested with undesirable usually is too low for crops on this unit to make efficient plants can be improved by proper grazing management. use of fertilizer. Other management practices that are suitable for use on Maintaining crop residue on or near the surface this unit are proper range use, deferred grazing, and reduces runoff, reduces soil blowing, and helps to rotation grazing. If the plant cover is disturbed, protection maintain soil tilth and organic matter content. Stubble- from erosion is needed. Loss of the surface layer results mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tillage help to in a severe decrease in productivity and in the potential control erosion and conserve moisture. Terraces reduce of the soil to produce plants suitable for grazing. runoff and the risk of erosion and help to conserve This unit is poorly suited to windbreaks and moisture. environmental plantings. The main limitations are shallow This unit is well suited to windbreaks and rooting depth and low available water capacity. environmental plantings. It has few limitations. This map unit is in capability subclass Vle, Supplemental irrigation may be needed when planting nonirrigated, and in Shaly Plains range site. and during dry periods. Summer fallow, cultivation for weed control, and selection of adapted plants are 61—Stoneham fine sandy loam, 0 to 6 percent needed to insure establishment and survival of slopes. This deep, well drained soil is on smooth to seedlings. 97185a Hello