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Home My WebLink About20000257.tiff 47 * YM'.{ VSION • l�r 48 , t I 4 42 66 �40 1 52 40 9 ��y y o o 51 H , 2 57 67 51 is J ,o tii � .15 � ' o . 66 "•'� .3 *I 42 4 5r 52 • 47 a 40 . i 4ypl�..'a, 67 qp 44. 53 a , a , '�.. 3 r M 82 /\ 6] y N.•36 47 & .. `t� \/\7 79 y 7 8 I t 40 ►� UN/ON 83 w w .p � acF{ 40 ¥. 6 �, �.. \oc 82 I .441/. 40 ••' S1t.f 63 " I 4 -!/`i ' 68 p67 ,.,w SCy 3; .; z o a 79 _ 79 79 i 79 —{— 57 �+ 83 66 .{ . I to 79 18 � (( 17 ' e 67 ? «1 r' .1 6t.-4..n d fi .ap p,, mr F*,,.per V. 83 r:v , £/. , \.7, of \ , `- r 1 e �{382 ^' 83 t4 = 4 Y n \ 40 .I + 16 8/ 82 4t112 83 * "1tp��# 13 77 83 r 7�" 17% 42 36 47 16 z ]9 r, ¢ { 39 .. Y 19 ez 2O — I cF .ate 3 p21 zo _ 17 a ..o 40 "�° ' 83a. 42 1] to i36 ��`' dFA4 l 83 v4 e " 1" 17 00 4 x 4 y. 4 • 82 _r .* 'it* • ,5 83 / 40 6' , 7 40 ^�2 r = v , ` .a 83 2000-0257 NONTECHNICAL.SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT Petersburg r i • �Qil rtdmE and description • Symbol i • • 40 Nunn loam, 1 to 3 percent-slopes . •The Nunn soil is a deep, well drained soil. It is . formed- on terraces from eclian material. The surface . is a leer.. The- ubsciz is city loam. The underlying • _ . • material is clay loam and sandy loam. The soils have . Moderately slow permeability. Their available water • holding capacity is high. Roots penetrate to 60 inches or more. Runoff is slow and i`re erosion hazard due to . wind is moderate. ' . 5' Flo clay loan, 3 to 5 percent slopes : • • • .The aria soil is d deep, well drained soil. It formed - it :lavej alluvium an plains and high terraces of the ' • South Platte. The surface is a clay loam. The subsoil . is . _:ay. The a';bntratum is a clay or clay lose . axt nding to b3 inches or more. The soils have a slow . to very glow permeability. The.available water holding . capacity i high and roctn penetrate to 60 inches or acre. Punoff is slow to sedum and the hazard to wind erosion is moderate. . ;. Weld :Dear, 1 to 3 percent slopes . . • The Weld soil is a deep; well drained soil. It is - • formed on smooth plains from solian material. The • - . surface is a loam. The subsoil is a heavy clay loam and light clay. The underlying material is a silt loam. . The soils have slow permeability, Their available . water holding capacity, is high. Roots penetrate to 60 . ;aches or more. R;inoff is slaw and the erosion hazard , due to wind is low. ' i? Miley-Colby complex, 3. to 5 percent. slopes . • . liDNTECHNICAL SDILS DfSCRIPT1' 'EDDRT Petersburg �: Soil name and description Symbol ' This'map unit is on smooth plains. This unit consists ' of-o0 percent kiiey and 30 percent Colby soils. The Miley soil is a deer, well drained soil. It formed in calcareous eoliar, deposits. The surface is a Silt 1oae. The subsoil 13 a .silty clay loam The substratum to a • . . depth of 50 inches, or More i a silty clay loam. This . soil has a moderately slow permeability. The available • . water holdi3g capacity is high. Roots penetrate to a . depth of 60 inches ar more. Runoff is slog and the . • ; erasion hazard due to wind'is high. The Colby soil is a deep, Jaen drained soil. It formed in calcareous . eo ian.deposits. The surface as a ions• The underlying material to a depth of 60 inches or acre is a R.ilt • - loam. This soil has . Moderate permeability. The ' • • available water holding capacity is high, Roots penetrate to a depth of 60 inches or :ore. Runoff is cola a...d the er,.ion hazard-due to wind is high. • . U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRIC':LTURE- _ RUE ' OF 2. NA?GSF:L RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE OV1S/99 •!. RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT . . Petersburg (The information in this'report indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the .need for onsite investigation) . . . ,tap symbol C3up areas. Picnic areas ; Playgrounds ; Paths and 'trails Golf `EirwayS and ..:iii rue • I 10. a Moderate: Moderate; ;Slight J��,..__ _.__.._. Moderate: Moderate: _ d�lsty dusty slope, dusty . dusty Ulm ;Slight . Slight Moderate: • Slight • Slight . slope I . 0. Weld •----;yodeTate: ;Moderate: hoderaL.: Moderate: 'Slight • • ; dusty dusty" slope, dusty ' ; dusty • . : 3 I .. I Niley -;"'ode. ate. • .Moderate: • ;"cder-ate: . 'Moderate: • Slight . : dusty • dusty slope, ' dusty . • dusty Colby- Moderate: ;Moderate: Moderate: Moderate; Slight dusty ; dusty lope, dusty • ; dusty • • ••f.3. DEPARTMENT D AGRICULTURE Doe+5/49'. • NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE?�'?vE. . ' • FECREATIJNP'_ Drvr.CPIEK` :ndncte -- REP TIChAt •D!VELOPi r . The soils of the aurvef area are rated in thii.report according to liaitaticne that affect their suitability. for -eceeatior'. The ratings are based or: rsstriCtive sail features, sueb as wetness, slope, and texture of the surface . layer, Susceptibility to fleedin5 is eensiJered. Not considered in the ratings, but iaportant in evaluating a ;ite, re the locat:,0s and accessibility of the area, the size and shape of the area and its scenic quality, . :egetatien, access to water, potential water impoundment sites, and access to ps'blic sewer lines. The capacity of :he 5'3i: te absorb septic tank effluent and :he ability of the soil to support vegetation are also important. Soils . ,u5ject to flooding are lieited far recreation use by the duration and.intensity of flooding and the season when '.'larding occues. In rlaenin; recreation facilities, onsite assessment of the.height, duration, intensity, and frequency ;r flooding is essential.. , . • . Iii.• report the degree of 5p-- -ialt,tizr; is expressed as ;Slight," "Moderate,; or ;Severe." .Slight' Means that eowl Irc,ertis a"e genera favo,able and that limitations ara minor and easily overcome. Modecate" means that imitat•-ZC f..an be overcome or alleviated by planning, design, or Special ecintanaee e. '5evere'.means that sail rs are unfavorable and that limitations can be offset only by. cost:i soil reclamation, special design, :pe .,.ut' ;teasiee eniaterence, ileitsd use, Or by i•. coebieatioe of these esasufes. he i:ferration irt.this report car. be supplemented by iifc.eatiOr available in other reParts, for exaeple, • eterprstatioes for septic tank absorptian fields in the Sa ilary.Tacilities report and interpretations for dwellings ithout beseeer:ts and for 1eca: roads-and streets in the guilding Site Development report. • ARFAS require site preparation, such _s shaping and leveling the tent mad parking areas, stabilizing roads and .. nesi++nly user; areas, and instail:og sanitary facilities and utility lines. Camp ara are subject to heavy foot • 'affic and some vehicular traffic, The best soils have ',lid s open and are not wet or subject to flooding daring p e, The do s re ar au stales or boulders, absorbs rainfall readily but remains fire, and is he t?ri.�� -a, use. surface ha, w of musty when dry.- Strong sllpes.and stones cr bouiders can greatly increase the cost of constructing campsites. ICNTC AREAS are s'abje;t_to heavy foot traffic. Most vehicular traffic is confined to access roads and parking. • . reas The best soils fog picnic areas are firs when wet, are not dust' when dry, are not subject to flooding during he—period of use, and du not have sip or stones or baulder3 that increase the cost of shaping sites cr of e:'.ding access road: and parking areas. . - _Ay n Ul1DS- require soils that can withstand intensive foot traffic. The best soils are almost level and are not wet or abject ta. floodng during the season of use, The surface is free of stones and boulders, is'fire after rains, and is of duty when dry. If grading is needed, the depth of the soil aver bedrock or hardpan should be considered. eaaS AND TcAI;.S for hiking and horseback riding should require little or no cutting and filling. The best soils - . -e not net, zIrD fire, after rains, and not dusty when dry, and are not subject to flooding more than once a year during he period of :se. , They have moderate slopes .end `ew or •na stones or boulders on the surface . • 11, FAIRMA!'5 are •.+,bleat. to Leavy foot traffic aed soma light vehicular. traffib. C;rttieg. r filling may be - i fairways f. whenwet, d sfre not to . :quirad. The best s:�ils for 'jse. :s golf :a:rbay are "w x..e.. err not.dusty when dry, and a subject . rolor:ged floc^,in2 dying the period of use. They have moderate slopes and no stones or boulders on the surface. e suitaI!iity of the soil `:,r' tees , g:cars is not considered in rating the soils. . • • PAGE 1 OF 2 s HPArIEN7 F ,pgRr,".!'TuRt 0411.5194 a-'j 0R" 'A! RE^" 'r5 CSISERYA'i?Z S'RYICE • . • E GIN`EERI�i6 INDEX P?CPERTIES ' P teTsbcrg ' • — — C,dS5� 1saz;on fragments . Percentage passing ! - q ' Depth 1SDi to tl+'�' ; _i :dive inu ber-- Liquid; Plas— • !tp :1,mbo. r --__ ; ;14 ' 3-10 ' _ liail;ticity t t� �n�+ �Q,. name 9{;2`led ! kASNTO inches:inches:iltChBs; TW200 40;�10 � :index I- a r i In -� r ._.___ --- • Pct Pct - - �- Pct• , . 0: , . ku;,r----_------; G-9 :loam ' . CL-ML, CL A-4 0 0 100 100 85-95 60-75 ; 25-30 5-10 9-29 :Clay loam, clay CL, CH , ' A-7 0 0-5 95-i'0O 90-100 85-P5 65-75 ;'40-60 25-40 . • ' 29-4C !;Clay.loam,- CL, SC A-6 ; . A O-5 90-100 60-100 60-90 35-75 ; 30-40 15-25 • rlanm, gravelly t • sandy clay . t C Sardy tay SC-SM r> SC .-2 A-4 . 0 D-.5 ,00-100 75-100;50-80 25.50 1`-25i MP-10 loam., fife . sandy loam, ; t i • • sandy loam • , i r •i • • • i � f 11m • O-5 Clay '.cap ' ;Ct. ;A-6 0 ; 4 100 100 ,90-100 70-80 30-40 10-20 5_;7 .Clay :EL ;P,7 0 i 0 ' 100 ' '00 ;90-100 75-95 4C-50 15-25 17-5C '"'ay, ;lay•1o3a;CL ;4-6, A-7 0 0 10C 100 !90.100,70-?5 .35-50 15-25 • . . ; r ' leld--- ---i 0-8 Loam ' :0l-F' CL ;P-4 • . S 0 '00 100 85-95 60-75 : 25-30 5-10 15 F 'C• • :A-6, A-7. • 0 0 i 100 100 95-100 85-95 35-5C 15-30 8-., Silt _.a.y. ;.., , } 1'13m, Silt!- , t + . ; , :lay, clay. ' + t 15.60 tilt loam, CL-ML, GL . :A-4, A-6 0 0 100 95-100 85-100 70-95 20-35 . 5-15 loam, silty . . clay !cam ' . 60-64 ,Silt Ioam, K'-, CL-ML, A-4 C , 0 - 100 75.100 60-100 35-85 20-30 8P-i0 • ; loam, sandy SI", SC-5M • . - , • !Lam • ' • 1 • , 'iley - 0-II ;Silt loam "!L • • A-4 0 0 . 100 1.00 90-100 70-90. 30-35 5-10 11-60.:Silty clay CL. ,R-6 0 0 100 100 90-100 70-95 25-35 10-20 loam, gilt • , • . 1cam, clay • • I , . • t Ica$ • ' r - t t ' ; 60.64 ,Silt loam, ,4s. . -6, A-4 0 0 . ; 100 100 90-100;50-95 30-45 5-15 • silty clay 1 loam, loam . . • • + r t olby - 0-7 loam CL-ML, CL A-4. 0 0 100 100 ' 85-95 ;60-75 25-30 5-10 7-60 ;Silt loam ML A-4 ; 0 0 100 ; 100 90-100;80-90 30-35 5-10 i • ' • t a t ..� • I_-.__loll _.____I______.... -.....—._.:_..- - ' • ( PAGE OF 2 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE �_ 2 i5499 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE . Et1i;IuEEQiNr INDEX PROPERTIES - . • Endnote -- EHGINFEF.iN1' INDEX PROPERTIES • r This report gives estimates of. the mein:eerIng. clas ifi,.atioand of d layers rangeaofie of indexopropertieslfar the upper ,hi R w3jOr'layers of ?aCf? soil ir, the survey area. "1051 aD_».. have y . 5 or 6 feet. DEPTH to the upper and loser boundaries of each layer is 'indicated. The range•in depth and information on other properties ;rf each layer are given in the published Soil Survey for'each soil series under 'Soil Series and {hair Morphology," • . Agri�u.ture. These terms are'defined • TEXTURE i°. given in the standard terms used by the U.S. Department of culture. according to percentages of.'sand, silt, and clay in the fraction` f ,he Soil that-is nless�thann2 millimeters ss than .in diameter. 'Loam,".for example, is soil that is 7 to 27 percent ay 50 rs thane modifier is percent sand. If the content of particles coarser than sand •is as (filch t5 percent, an app Rch as about • added, for exaxple, "gravelly.' Textural terms are defined in the Soil Survey glossary. Classification of the soils is determined^accodngton the datoil•classification system and the system adopted by the American A3sociatian of -4teHighway UN system classifies soils according is properties that affect their use as construction material. Soils are.•The U� f� to grain-size distribution, of the faction less than 3 inches in diameter and according to ^ clot i,isd according g' Ldt;.c;t;� index, liquid liait,.and organic matter contDent�H,Sc�dl�and OH;gravelly highiysoils organicesoitsed a=as PT&N,SoilsGM, GL, . p silty end clayey soils as ML, CL, , �' ;A, SM,ng and SC; n Y • � _Di tiny engineering properties of t+ao groups Can have a dual classification, for•exaaple, CL- • ng to those properties that affect roadway construction and eainter:ance. . The PASHTO system cia�.•if ips rolls accOrding : In this system, the fraction of a mineral. soil that' is less than 3 inches ,in diaaeter is classified in one of seven groups from, A4! through P-7 on the basis'of grain-size distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity index. Soils in, roup A-7 group A-: are coarse grained and Ier in. :entsizVsified fines in/groui�silt aA�Bvon the basifiecftvssualr yies,ectionme, a�yn lfglaboratory are fine grained. Highly organic soils are ... r glees{=led as.A-i-a, A-1-b, F-2-4, A-2-5, A-[`6, f+'2`7• A-7- . ata are .available, the H-1, k-r, and fi-7 groups are further ;, or A-7-6. As an additional refinement, the suitability of a soil.as subgrade material can be indicated by a group index number. Group index numbers range from D for the best subgrade material to 20 ar higher.for the poorest. l i FRAGMENTS larger than 3 inches in diameter are indicated •as a g percentage centag ofc the atototal al soil the fon a nla dry-weight as percentage is. The percentages are.estimates determined tainly by convert{ ight . percentage. • iercentage of sail particles passing designated SIBV85 (PERCEN AGEePASSINGTSIEVEENE UMBERua)is the rcentaged f200h(USA . ;cll fraction less than 3 inches in diameter based �he S Fst, 10, ., based of . standard Series), have openings Of .4..76, 2.0D, 0.420;and O:074 eillimeters,. .espectively. n .aboratory tests of soils sampled in the servey arta and in nearby areas and on estimates made in the field'. :QUID LIMIT and•PLASTICITY INDEX (Rttmrberg"limits) iodica• ttee.tharplasticitas yyndhara on cieristiceioftf aon il. Testiaa'as :gtimates gee based en test data from the sou vey•area or If grain-sire distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity.index.are generally rounded to the nearest 5 percent. Thus, the ranges of gradation and p,terberg Iieits extend a marginal amount (1 or 2 percentage points) across i rite the classification in the marginal zone is omitted.in this report.• :,ossification boundaries, , { U S. 9EPAPTIINT CF RSRI•CU'.TUR PV 4E • L OF 2 NATURAL RFSC':RCES C0HSERO7T0N S!RY:CF 09/15/99. . • �" CHEMICAL PR0PERTTFS OF THE SOILS C P.etersbur2 'lap eymbo1 . 964.1t1, . Clay Caticn- Soil . • Ca.ciui Gypsum ;Salinity • Scdium and soil Nee exchange reaction carbonate adsorption • capacity - ' • ',- • ratio --,- — ----- - In Pct aeq(100S pv �Fct �; Pot � /crA 41; , V:in . 0-9 20-27;15.0-30.0; 6.1-7.8 --- . -- --- --- -29 35-•50;15.0-30.0, 6.1-8.4 0.15 --- . 0-2 --- 29-40 25-40;14.4-20.0' 7,9- .0 • 4-15 ; 0-2 --- 40-60 15-.25; 5.0-15.0; . .479.4 • 4-i5 ; --- 0-2 , i .-- ; ' L . L [Ulu-- ------ 0-5 27-34120.0-35.0 7.4-7.8 0-5• --- -_. --- , r 5-17 40-50;25.0-40.0 7.4-8.4 1-5 --- 0- , -- '. 17-60 35-50;20.0-4.0.0 7.9-8.4• 5-15 --- 0••" • --- I Nell---- ------ 0-8 15-27;15,0-30.0 6.6-7.8 --- --- --- ; --- • . 8-1.5 35-50:20.D-30.6 .,1-6-7.8-7.8 0-4 --- • --- --- r . ; 15-60 20-35 20.0-30.0 7.4-9,0 _-6 ; --- ; 0-2 ..... . k. 60-64 15-25 15.0-25,0 7.4-9.0 2-6. --- 0-2 ! --- 33: •r . • Miler' - 0-11 . 15-27 5.0-20.0 7,4-8.4 ; 0-10 --- ..... • „, . ; 11-64 18-35 10.0-20.0 7.9-8.•4 ; 5-10 --- --- --- 60-64 18.35 5.0 20.0 7.9-9.0- ; .5-15 --- . 0-2 _ --- 0-7 15-27 5.0-20.0 .'74-8.4 0-5 --- --- ' Colby----_..___. . --- 7-60 18.27 5.0-20.0 7.4-8.4 5-15 --- --- ; --- • r • i - .1 . J.S. 3EPARTxEM7 OF AGRICULTURE • PAGE OF (09/15/99 NATURAL RESOURCES COHSERyATIQN.SERVI;E . OhE"ICRL PROPERTIES 'OF THE 3ttIlS ' . • E dncte H MICAt ^ROPERTIES OF THE SOILS . This report shows estimates of moos characteristics and features that affect soil behavior. These estimates are given for the major layers of each soil in the survey area. The estimatee . are: based on field observations and on test data for- these and similar soils. . • that as'a soil separate consists of eioeral soil particles that are less than 0.002 - -• • millieeter in diameter. In this report, the estimated clay content of each major soil layer • .is given as a.percentage, by weight, 'of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in . diaeeter. The amount and kind of clay greatly affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil. They deiereine the ability of the• soil to adsorb cations and tor of soil retain moisture. They influence shrinl-swell .poterttial, permeability, and plasticity, i ease dispersion, and other soil, properties. The amount and kind.of clay in a soil also affect tillage and eartheoving operations. ' Cr'+ICP EXC?iAN&E CAPACITY ft. C) is the total amount of cations held in a soil in•such e eae that they can be removed only by exchanging with enothercatdon iio the aneteeah soil• . Snlutior. CEC is a erasure of the ability a. . . plant nutrients. SSails with low CEC hold few cations and may require more frequent applications of fertilizers than sails with high C{ pollution C. eb lwi y d thhighCEC have the potential to retain cations, thus reducing the possibility *of r` ..REACTION is a.oeasure of acidity or alkalinity and is expressed as a range in pH !;...es. The range ,ie pH of each ma,er horizon is based on mafy field tests. =ar many soils, ve eee have been verified by laboratory analyses. Soil reaction is important in selecting :rape and otcher. plaets, in evaluating soil amendments for fertility and stabilization, and in deterairing the risk of corrosion. • eetCTUK CARBONATE is the percentage by weight of calcium carbonate it the firia-earth aateeial, less than 2 millimeters inilia. 'Y,SUM is the percentage by weight of hydrated calcium sulfates 20 millimeters or . etalle: iU ei_ee,. iT the ;oil, .;ALINITY is a measure of soluble salts le the soil at saturation. It is expressed rs the electrical conductivity of the saturation extract, in millimhos per centimeter 3t 25 degrees C. Estimates are based nr field and laboratory measurements at representative rites of nneirrigated soils. . . .he salinity of irrigated soils is affected by the quality of the irrigation water ' ,nd by the frequency of water application. Hence, the salinity of soils in individual fields :an differ greatly from the value given in the report•. Salinity affects the suitability of soil.. for. crop production, the stahilitp of soil if used as construction material, and he potential of the epi1 to corrode metal and concrete, - ;ODIUM ADSORPTION RATIO kSAR) expresses the relative activity of sodium ions in xchange reactions• in the soil. SAR is a measure of the amount of sodium relative to :alcium and magnesium in the water extract frox saturated soil paste. J.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE . PAGE 1 OF 4 . . • • NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION! SERVICE 09/15/99 • • PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF s0TL5 • . . Petersburg • • (Entries under -Erasion factors--7" apply to the entire profile. Entries under "Wind erodibility group" and "End erodability index' apply only to the surface sayer) . ----- :Erosion factors hind :Wind Yap symbol Depth Clay i Moist. Perin- :Available hrink- 'Organic ercdi-`erodi" and �.c:l lame bulk bility ; water ssa'll natter . . ; bility,b111ty ^E,isity • • .;capacity patart.ia1 . K Ef I group index ,r`r --- -- -------- ------ — " D^f 9/cc ��- In/hr In/in _ �� act r + + : • 1 1 • - 40: • 1 , 1 ' _ N „n--- ---- 's-g ' 20-27;1.25-1.40; 0.;:•0-2:00 :0.I4-0.17 Low 2.0-4.0, .0.24; 0.24 5 6 '; 41 c-2p 35-5011.35-1.40; 0.06-0.20 ;0.15-^.1a Nigh. •G.5-2.0; 0,28 0.32 . � 7c-40 25-40:1 40.1.45.; 0.2C-0.60 0.10.0.18 Moderate •0.0-1.0'; 0.24 .0.28 ; 40-60 15-25:,1.35-1,45; _.00-6:00 ;0.11.0.14 Low 0.0-0.5 0.20 0.24 57: . 1 U!e--,---------- 0.5 27-34si.25-1.40 0.20-0.60 ;0.17-0.20:Moderate 1.0-3.0, 0.20 0.20 5 41 86 5-17 40-5D'1.?5-1.3x0 0.06 0.20 ;C.i4-O',:6;Nigh 0.3-1.0, 0.17- D.17 ; . ' . ; 17-60 5-50'1 15-1.40 0.06-0.20 ;0.14-0.211Mi.gh . ,0.0-0.5:, 0.20 0.20 • ; ' I. 1 , t + , + + , , ' , .1 1 , • 1 7 : . 1 I .Weld : 0-8 15-27 1.25-1',40; 0.60-6.00 ;D:14-0.17,1:ow • ;2.0-4.0; 0.24 0.24 3 6 ; 48 . • 8.15 ! 35-50 1,301.40. 0.0E-0.29 '^•18-0.20'High 0.5-2,0' 0.28 0.28 15-60 ; 20-35 1,25-1.35; 0.60-2.00 0.16-0.16 Moderate 0.5-1.0 0.28 0.28 60-64 ' 15.25 1.25-1.40; 0.60-2.00 0.12-0,18 Low 0.5-1.0 0,28 0.28 . . Wiley--- 0-11 15-271,15-1.30 0.60-2.00 0.15-0.20 Lot ' 0.5-1.0 0.43 0.43 .5 41 86 11-60 18-35 1,15-1.30 0.60-2.00 0.1 -0.21 Moderate 0.0-0.5, 0.32 0,.32 ' 60-64 18-35 1.15-1.40 0.60-2.00. 0.16-0.21 Low 0.0-0.5 0.37 0.37 Colby 00-7. 15-27. 1.25-1:40 0.60-6.00. 0.14-0.18' Low . - 0.5-2.0 0.37 0.37 5 41 86 7-60 18-27 1.15-1.30 0.60-2.00 :D.15-0.20 Low 0.5-1.0 0.43 0.43 t. PAGE ': OF 4 . • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE' D?r,5/?9 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE r • " . • ' Pt'YST^Ai PROPERTIES GF soil 5 . Endncte --.PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS. • This °aport shows estimates of some characteristics and features that affect soil behavior:' These estimates are given for the major layers of each soil in the survey area. The.estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these a d similar.soils. e AY at real! separate consists of eineral soil particles that are less than 4.002 eillieater in diameter, . In this report, the estimated clay content.of each sajor soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 ;illiaeters in diameter. .The amount and kind of clay greatly affect the fertility and physical condition; of the.soil. They determine the Ability of the soil to adsorb cations and ' • to retain moisture. They influence shrink-swell potential, permeability, plasticity, the ease of soil di5persian, and other soil properties. The amount and kind of.cley i^ a evil also affect tillage end- aartheoving operations. IG ST P'ILK•DENSTTY is the weight of soil (eeendry) pet ';nit volume. Volume is measured when the soil is 3i field moisture capacity, the moisture content at 1/' bar moisture tension. Weight is determined after 'reins the •soit at.le deg"ees C. In this report, the estimated. moist bulk density of eec` major.soil . icrizon Is expressed .in gran; peg' cubic centimeter of. soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in :flaunter. Rule density date =ire used to campute shtink.siell potential, available water capacity, total • ;ere epee, sod other soi; properties. The waist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore space available for. Eater and roots. A bulk lerisitf of more ;her, l.e car: restrict grater storage and root penetration. .Moist .;elk density ie influenced by texture, kind..)f clay, content of organic !latter, and soil structure, . ;ASILTTY cafe;: to the ability of a evil to traf!smit water or air. . The estimates indicate the . • .ate of downward mnveeer.t of eater when the ,oil is saturated. They are based an soil characteristics ibwer°Jed l:+ t!e field, r pa'ticele.rY l' strecture porosity, and texture. Permeability is considered in , ' ;he design ::.t soil l:ainage ,yeteea, septic tank_absorption: fields, and construction where the rate of char movement elder saturated conditions affect?, behavior. 1VAI"ARLs MATER CAPACITY. refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of storing for use by bets, The capacity for water storage is'gi'ven in inches of water psi inch of soil far each major soil layer, 'he capecite varies, depending or soil properties tent affect the retention of water and the depth of the root One. The acst iKPvttant 'properties are the content of organic matter, eoi1 texture. bulk density, and soil • ;►rdcture. Available water capacity ie an important factor in the choice of plants or crops to be grown and in he design and management of irrigation systems. Available water capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of rates actually available to plants at any given time. . ;NRINK-SWrLe POTENTIAL is the potential for volume change in a soil with a loss or gain of moisture. Volume .hange occurs vainly because of the interaction of clay minerals with water and vries with the amount and.type :1 clay minerals in the soil. The size of the load on the soil and the magnitude of the change in soil moisture . :cntent influence the amount of swelling of soils in place. Laboratory measurements •of swelling of undisturbed . -1ods were made for many soils. For ethers, swelling was estimated on the basis of the kind and amount, of • • lay minerals in the soil and on measurements of similar soils. If the shrink-swell potential is rated moderate .a very high, shrinking and swelling car, cause damage to buildings, roads, and other structures. Special-design s often needed. Shrink-swell potential classes are based on the change in length of an unconfined clod as wilture content is increased from air-dry to field capacity, The change is based on the soil fraction less hen 2 millimeters in diameter. The classes-are "Low," a change of less than 3 percent; 'Moderate," 3 to 6 +ercent; and "High,' more than 6 percent. "Very high," greater than 9 percent, is sometimes used. . ;.S. BEwART"'Ek`. OF RGPtCU1TURE PAGE 3 OF IATURAI. RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 09/:5/99 • PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS . • . • :ndnate • PHYSICA PR PEFTTE5 OF SOILS--Continued IRGANIC MATTER is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of decomposition,. In report 3, . .ha estimated content of organic clatter is expressed as a percentage, .by weight, of the soil material that is. .ens than 2 milliaeters in diamete*. The•content of organic matter iil a soil can be,maintained or increased by . earn:ieg crop residue .to the soil. Organic matter affects the available water capacity, infiltration rate, acrd .filth: It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for crops. . 'ROSION FACTOR K i.dicatee the susceptibility'of the whole soil (including racks and rock fragments) to .beet Pad rill erosion by water. Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) • a predict the average annual rate of soil. loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per acre per year. The • etimates are based primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and organic matter (up to 4 percent) and on soil tructu~e and permeability. 'Values of K range from 0.05 to 0.69. The higher the value, the .pore susceptible •he soil is. to sheet aed rill. erosion by water. • ROSION FACTOR Xf is like EROSION FACTOR K but it is for the fine-earth Erection of the soil. Rock- and . . . aik fragments.are not cGae.dared . • fOSTON FACTOR T is an estimate of the maximum average annual-rate of soil erosion 'by wind or water that can ccur without.affecting crop productivity over a sustained period. The-fate is in tons per acre per year. I!;[' =ROGi�IIiTY GROUPS are made up of soil= that have similar properties affecting their resistance to wind ' .- i..on. in cultivated areas. The groups. indicate tree susceptibility of soil to wind erosion,. Soils are grouped ,rding to the following distinctions: • • 1.•Coarse sands, sands, fine sands, and very foe sands. These Sams are generally not Suitable for crops. Taey are extremely erodible, and vegetation is dif`icalt to . establ ah. - • 2. Loamy coarse sands, '.cagy sands, :caay fine sands, loamy • very fine sands, and s.;pric soil material. These soils are • very highly eradibie. Crops can be grown if intensive • . • . measures to control kind erosion are. used. . ;. Coarse.sandy thaws, sandy foams, fine sandy foams, and • . .very fine sandy loafs. •These•soils are highly erodible, • . Crops can be grown'if intensive measures to control wind . erosion :ore used. . . : • 41. 'Calcareous foams, silt hams, clay loamy, and silty clay . lcaws. These soils are erodible. Crops can be grown if -• intensive ereasures to control wind erosion are used. . • 4. Clays, silty clays, noncalcareous clay loamy, and silty , • clay loves that are more than .35 percent clay. These soils . are-moderately erodible. Crops can be grown if measures to control wind erosion are used. . : . R r J.;.. OEPAP.T'IF47 OFr;RI^ULT�loE Pf�C�E Os 4 . 4AVJRAI •RESO�14C:S CONSERVATION' SERVICE • • e9/}5/9A . • PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS idnots -- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS--Continued . 5. lfoncalcareaus loaros and silt loans that are less than 20 percent clay and sandy. clay loess, sandy clays, and heeic spit material. These soils are slightly erodible. Crops . can be grow if measures to control wind.erosion are used. • • £. Itoncalcareous laems and silt .pares that are more than 20 . percent.cly and noncalc 'eous clay hams that are less than 3S percent clay. These zcils are very slightly erodible, • . Crops can be.grown if ordinary measures to control wind . . erosion are used. 7. Silts, nrrr,ralcarenus silty clay loses that are less than - . 3S percent clay, and fibrin soil material. These soils are • . very slightly irodible. Crops can he'grown if ordinary - . aeasttre' to rontrcl.w lid erosion a'e used. . 9. Soils that are not subject to wind erosion because of . . coarse fragPents on the surFace ar because of•ssrface '' :4'NO EPODI5ILITY INDEX is Teed in the rind erosion. equation ( E0). The index number indicates the ,nt o' soil last in tons per.acre par year. The range of wind eredibility index numbers is 0 to 300. .?!.S. DFpART ENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE. !.0F 3 NATURA! RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 09/:5!93 , MATER FEATURES . • Petersburg - , Flooding ,:igh water table and bonding gyp ay�!�.+i :Hydra- � ----_—._1 Rater �. � ,� � Maximum ' and soil name ,logic , Frequency Duration Months table Kind of Months ; Ponding ; pcnding ;group depth ;water table duration ; depth . _ _________ . Ft Ft Nunn-----.------ C• None • --- --- ',6.0 --- --- . --- --- I 51: I Ulm- - C None --- --•- C.C --- • -.- --- 14: i ' Neid.. .C ;wags --- --• >6.0 --- - --- ___ • 1 ` ?Kiley- ' B NOBS --- --- >6.0 --- --- --- --- • . . i I I , IB None --- ' --- >6.0 ` --_ ' • ___ -.. ` --- I I I 1 t f I • • f -• 2 OF 'J:S. •DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE .i. PAGE.. . 091F5f43 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE . WATER FEATURES •• • EAdnOte WATER FEATURES this report gives estimates of various oil water. features. The estimates are used in land use planning that involves . engineering considerations. iydrologic soil groups are used to estimate runoff cfrrom�precapihatice. . Soils not f protected edr,by thvegeiationP are reorough:! ,ssigned to One of four groups. They are grouped a 9 let ind eeceive precipitation from long-duration storms. The four hydrologic soil groups are: . Group " A'. Soils having a.high infiltration rate.(low • . ' runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist mainly • of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or-. gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water • • traese scion group 'S.'. Soil; having a soderete infiltration rate when • • thorcughle wet.• T'iese consist chie'ly of moderately deep or • deed, :eoderate:y well drained or well drained soils that ' have aederateiy fine texture to modeeatsii coarse texture. These aoils.have a aoderate rata of water treneeission. • • .coup "C', Soils having t slow : f ltretion rate when - • • thoraeghly set. These consi t chiefly of soils having a layer that iepedes the downwa'd movement of water or soils • of acderet•ale file :axtsre OT fine texlere. These sails • • • hoe „ slow rite a'-• eater transmission. •?enap 'g° Soils haviny.a very slot infiltration rate (high ;snofz potential) when thoroughly sett These consist ch'_a'le of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential, • )oils that ha're a pereanerit high water table, soils that gave a elaypan or clay.layyer at or near the surface, and. .s ils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. these soily'have a very slow rate of watet transmission: f a soil is assigned to two hydrologic groups in this report,, the first letter is for drained areas and the second f from s for undrained areas. Flooding, the temporary inundation of an area, is caused by overflowing streams, by djacent slopes, or by tides. dater standing for short periods.after rainfall or snommelt is not considered lcoding, 'Tot is water in swamps and marshes. This,report gives the frequency and duration of !loading and he time of year when flooding is most likely. frequency, duration, and probable dates of occurrence are estimated. . requercy is expressed as °Norte", "Rare', "Dec*sional', and 'Frequent'. "None" Means that flooding is not probable; ;are' that it is unlikely but possible under unesuai weather conditions; 'Occasional' that it occurs, on the aerage, once or lass in 2 years; and "Frequent" that it occurs, on the average, more than once in 2 years. • , ressed ac 'Very brief' if less that, ? days, 'Brief' if.2 to 7 days,. "Long" if 7 to 30 days, and 'Very jra►..on is exp` ,. •ing' if more than 30 days. The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of grave , and, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; i•rreguiar decrease in organic matter content'with increasing depth; . absence of distinctive horizons that farm in soils that are not subject to flooding. Also considered are local reflation ahout the extent and levels of flooding and•the relation af.each soil on the landscape to historic floods. • l.5. 9E7ARTME iT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 3 DF 3 • IATURAI RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE • 09/15/99 • WATER FEATURES edeote -- *ATER FEATURES--Continued • • "nforeation an the extant of flooding based or soil data is less specific than that provided by detailed engineering urveys that delineate flood-prone areas at spe:ific flood frequency levels. • sigh water table seaspeel is the highest level of a saturated zone.in-the soil in Most Years. The depth to a easonal high water table applies to undrained soils. :The estimates ate based mainly on the evidence of a saturated ' one, namely grayish colors or mettles in the soil. Indicated in this report•are the depth to the seasonal high • • . eter table; the kind of water.table; that is, "Ppparent',' `Artesian', or "Perched`; and the months of the year that he water table commonly is high. A water table that is seasonally high for less than l month is not indicated.in • his report. • • n 'Apparent' water table is a. thick zone of free Mater in the soil. . It is indicated by the level at which water Wide in an uncased borehole after adequate time is allowed for adjustment in the surrounding soil. n 'ertesizn" eater table exist: under a hydrostatic beneath an impermeable layer. When the impermeable layer has been eaetreted by a,cased borehole, the water rises. The final level of the eater in the cased borehole is characterized as r• artesian water table. • • 'Perched' cater table is eater standing above an unsaturated zone. Ir, places an upper, or 'Perched", water able is separated from a lower one by a dry zone. Only saturated zones within adepth of about 6 feet are ndicated. • • ' ,ing.is standing water in a closed depression. The water is removed only by deep percolation, transpiration, aaporation, or a combination of these processes. . • his report gives the depth and duration of pending and. the time of year when pending is most likely. Depth, duration, •:d probable•dates of occurrence are estimated. • apth it expressed aS the depth of ponded water in feet above the soii s'tface. Duration is expressed as "Very Fief" if less than 2 days, °Brief" if e2 to 7 days,."long" if 7 to 30 days; and "Very long' if more than 30odays_. The iformetiee Is based on the relation of each soil on the landscape to historic pending and on local information-about )e extent and levels of pending. U.S. • DEPARPIEN7 D` AGRICULTURE 1 OF NA'`•1RAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVT'E 09/15/99 SOIL FEATURES • Petersburg ^ --_--- w Bedrock eaented pan Subsidence — Risk of corrosion Potential Map symbol frost action Uncoated ; —�— — and soil name Depth Hardness; Depth kind ;Initial Total steel Concrete — In 1 in In In I I I . 13: 1 Nunn >60 + -- Moderate High !Low 1 , �• I I ;7: i 1 Low Moderate. !Low ' Weld-.. . ?bfi --- --- -••- --- Moderate High Low ) i I , 60 --- - !Low Nigh !Low e r' l ;60 ' --- --- ; --- --- --- !Low Low 'Low Colby r : I U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE • PAGE 2 OF 2 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 09/15/99 .1 SOIL FEATURES • Endnota.-- SOIL FEATURES This report gives estimates of various soil features. . ThE: estieates are used in land use planning that involves • . engineering considerations. . Depth to bedrock is given if bedrock is within a depth of 5 feet. The depth is based on many soil borings and on observations during soil mapping. The rock is either "Soft" or "Hard'. If the rock is "Soft' or fractured, excavations • Carr be made•with trenching machines, backhoes, or small rippers: If the rock is 'Hard' or massive, blasting or special equipment generally is needed for excavatione . Cemented pans are cemented or indurated subsurface layers within a depth of 5 feet, Such pans cause difficulty in . excavation, Pans are classified as "Thin" or 'Thick". A "Thin" pan is less than 3 inches thick if continuously indurated or less than 18 inches thick if discontinuous Dr fractured. Excavations can be made by trenching machines, backhoes, or small rippers. A 'Thick" pan is more than ?.inches thick if continuously indurated or more than IB . inches thick if discontinuous or fractured. - Such a.pan is so thick or massive that blasting or special equipment is deeded in excavation. ' - . Subsidence is the settlement of organic soils or of saturated minera; soils of very low density. Subsidence results from either desiccation and shrinkage or oxidation of organic material, or both, following drainage. Subsidence takes place gredually, 'usually, over.a period of several years. This report shows the expected initial subsidence, shich usually is a result of drainage, and total_ subsidence, which usually is• a result of oxidation.' Not shown in the report is subsidence caused.by an imposed surface load or by the withdrawal of ground water throughout t' •=vtensive area as a result of lowering the water table. . Potential frost action is the likelihood of upward or lateral expansion of the soil caused by.the•formation of • :egregated.ice lenses tfrost heave) and the subsequent collapse of the soil and loss of strength on thawing. Frost action Occurs when moisture noes into the freezing zone of the oil. Temperature, texture, density, permeability, content of organic matter, and depth to the eater table are the most important factors-considered in evaluating the potential for frost action. It is assumed that the soil is not insulated by vegetation or snow and is not artificially. drained. Silty and highly structured clayey soils that have a high water table in winter are the most susceptible to frost action. Well drained, very gravelly, .or very sandy soils are the least susceptible. Frost heave and low soil strength during thawing cause damage mainly to pavements and other rigid structures. • Risk of co!rosion•Pertains to potenti•al.soil-induced electrochemical or chemical action that dissolves or weakens uncoated steel or concrete. . The rate of corrosion of Uncoated steel is related to such factors as soil moisture, particle-size distribution, acidity, and electrical conductivity of the soil. The rate of corrosion of concrete is based mainly on the sulfate and sodium content,•texture, moisture content, and acidity of the soil. Special site examination and design.eay be needed if the combination of factors,creates- a severe corrosion environment. The steel installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers is more susceptible to corrosion than steel in installations that are entirely within one kind of soil or within one soil layer. For uncoated steel, the risk of corrosion, expressed as "flow", 'Moderate', or 'High', is based on soil drainage class, total acidity, electrical • .resistivity 'near field capacity, and electrical conductivity of the saturation extract. . For concrete, the risk of corrosion is also expressed as 'loo", 'Moderate', or "High". It is based or soil texture, . acidity, and amoOnt of sulfates in the saturation extract. U.S. �• PABE 1 OF 3. c DEPARTMENT OF RGRTcUVUFE 1 i5f?? NATURAL AtS�JUFC C' C0�!SEPV TI'JN SERVICE SANITARY FACILITIES . Petersburg • 'The infarmation in this report indicates•the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for onsite t investigation) , • Sewage lagoon ; Trench ; Area Daily cover Map symbol Septic tank sanitary sanitary - for landfill and soil nave absorption areas fields landfill landfill • 10: ,, Slight Fair: Non, Severe: Severe: Slight air: 5tanes • peres slowly seepage • ;7: ;light ;Slight Good - Severe: Moderate: , Ulm- -__-- , • peips slowly S slope , ?g: • 'Slight • �oQd Moderate: Moderate: Slight percs slowly seepage, , slope . • 33: 'Slight Food Ailey----------- Moderate: Moderate: ;Slight . peres slowly • seepage, slope Slight „Slight Good Mode a e Moderate: of}.ght ,�lig _ Colby percs slowly . seepage, , , slope. 3. U.S. DEPARTMENT DF AGRICULTURE • PAGE . 2 2 OF F5,,3 `NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE SANITARY FACIL9 ITIES - a Endnote ••• SANITARY FACILITIES . This report shows the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect septic tank absorption fields, 'sewage lagoons, and sanitary landfills.' The limitations are considered "Slight" if soil properties and site features generally are favorable for the indicated use and limitations are minor and easily overcome; `Moderate" if soil properties or site features are not favorable for the indicated use and special planning, :design, or maintenance is needed to overcome or ®inimi:e the limitations; and 'Severe' if soil properties or site. features are so unfavorable of so difficult to overcome that special design,. significant increases in construction costs, and possibly increased maintenance are required. This report also shows the suitability of the soils for use as daily cover far landfills. A rating of 'Good' indicates that soil properties and site features are favorable for the use and good performance and low maintenance can be expected; "Fair" indicates that 3011 properties and aide features are moderately favorable far the use and one or sore soil properties or site features make the soil less desirable than the soils'rated "Good'; and 'Poor" indicates that one of more sci: 'pruper`i.es er site features are unfavorable for the use, and overcoming the unfavorable lie reOUire5 specie; design, extra maintenance, or costly alteration. yrape'.�. • SEPTIC TAO ABSORPTION ='E;O" are .:real in which effluent `none a septic tank is distributed into the soil through tiles o' pe;ferctev pipe. Only that part. cif the soli between depths of 24 to 72 inches is evaluated: The ;acing atips, p rfof soils. Permeability, a high -a tiny° are tia:,e on soil properties, sztr. features, and observed.performance armanre the ,star table, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, and flooding affect absorption of the effluent. Large stones . and bedrock or a cemented pan interfere with nstal?etion. Unsatisfactory performance of septic tank absorption fields, including excessively slow absorption of'ef?iuent, surfacing of effluent, and. hillside seepage, can affect public heeith. • ;-eurdwater can be polluted if, highly permeable sand and gravel or fractured bedrock is less than 4 feet below the . of the abscrlitien field, if slope is excessive, or if the water table is near the surface. There must be '.ur.,ted soil material beneath the absorption field to filter the effluent effectively.. Many local ordinances • 'equirc that this xatariel be of'a certain thickness. . • lEWPOE LAGOONS are shallow ,:ends constructed to hold sewage while aerobic bacteria decompose the solid and liquid raster. ._evens should have a nearly level flear surrounded by cut slopes or embankments of compacted soil. Lagoons . ;eneraily are designed to hcld:the sewage within a depth of 2 to 5, feet. Nearly impervious soil material. for the lagoon 'icor and sides is required to mirimiee seepage and contamir,at{on of ground water. ' This report gives ratings for ;he natural soil that makes up the lagoon llocra The surface layer and, generally, 1 or 2 feet of soil material elaw the' surface layer are excavated to provide material for the embankments. The ratings are based on soil ,roperties, site features, and observed performance of the soils. Considered in the ratings are slope, permeability, a - nigh water table, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, flooding, large stones, and content of organic matter. oeeessive seepage due to rapid permeability of the soil or a water table that is high enough to raise the level of sewage n the lagoon causes a lagoon to function unsatisfactorily. Pollution results if seepage is excessive or if floodwater )vertops the lagoon. A high content of organic matter is detrimental to proper functioning of the lagoon because it nhibits aerobic activity. Slope, bedrock, and cemented pans can cause construction problems,: and large stones can cinder compactior of the lagoon floor. ;ANTTARY LANDFILLS are areas where solid waste is�.disposed of by burying it in soil. There are two types of landfill, • .rrenct', and area. In a trench larrdfll, the waste is placed in a trench: .It.is spread., compacted, and covered daily d th a thin layer of soil excavated at the site. In an area landfill, the waste' is placed in successive.layers on the urface of the soil. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a thin layer -of soil form a.source away roe the site. Both types of. landfiil must be able to bear heavy vehicular traffic. Both types involve a risk of ,roundwater pollution. Ease of excavation and revegetation need to be considered. The ratings in this report are based . • U.S. pEP4RTIfENT OF AgRICU1TURE • (' PAGE' 3 OF 3 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 09/15/99 . • SANITARY FACILITIES • . fndnote SANITARY FACILITIES--Continued on soil properties, Site features, and observed performance of the soils. Permeability, depth to bedrock or to a• cemented pan, a high eater•table, slope, and flooding affect both types of landfill. Texture, stones and boulders, highly organic layers, Sail reaction, and content of salts and sodium.affect trench type landfills. Unless otherwise stated, the ratings apply only to that part of the sail within a depth of about•6 feet.. For deeper trenches, a limitation rate "Slight" or "Moderate' may not he valid. Onsite investigation is needed. • • DAILY COVER FOR LANDFILL is the soil material that is used to cover compacted solid waste in an area type sanitary landfill. The soil material is obtained offsite, transported to the landfill, and spread over the waste. Soil texture, wetness, coarse fragments, and slope affect the ease of removing and spreading the material during wet and dry periods. Loamy or silty soils that are free of large stones or excess gravel are the best cover for a . landfill. Clayey soil_, way be sticky or cloddy and are difficult to spread; sandy evils.are subject to soil blowing. After coil materiel has been removed, the soil.material remaining in the barrow area must be thick enough ove7 bedrock, a cemented par:, or the eater table to permit revegetation. The soil material used as final cover for a landfill should be suitable for plants. The surface layer generally has the best workability, more organic matter than the rest of the profile, and the best potential for plants. Material from the surface layer should be stockpiled for'use la Ltie final Cavef. U.S. DEPARTMENT 3F AuRirULTURC PAGE ] -OF 4�4'25/g2 • . NOM! RESOURCES "4NSERVRTION SERVICE EU?LO?Nt SITE DEV OPMENT - Petershurg • • (The information in this report indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for onste • investigation) • Yip symbol Shallow Dwellings • Dwellings Small Local roads Lawns and commercial and streets landscaping ad so.. Haase excavations ; withqut with . basements basements buildings • 4i.': • Nunn-- Moderate: Severe: ,Slight Severe: Severe: - Slight too clayey shrink-swell shrink-swell shrink-swell, law stnsngth . • • Ula..---,• - Moderate; • Severe: Severe: • Severe: . • Severe: Slight too claysy shrink-swell shrink-swell shrink:swell ' shrink-swell, low strength . ,i...-- Slight Moderate; moderate: • ,Moderate: - Moderate: , Slight shrink-swell shrink-swell. shrink-swell shrink-swell, • low strength, . frost action • 33; . • Wiley-. . Slight Moderate: Moderate: Moderate: Severe: Slight- . shrink-swell shrini-swell shrink-swell, low strength* • _.Upe . . Colby ;Slight : , Slight Slight Moderate: Moderate: Slight , . Slope 'low strength • (' /f PAGE :. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE E 2 OF F; ' 7 HRT'JRAt P.ESDUP,CES ^RNSERVA?1711 SERVICE. . . BUILDING SITE 'DEVELOPMENT ' Endnor.e BUILDING SITE DEVELOPMENT . This report shows the. de gr.,ee and kind of soil limitations that affect shallow excavations, dwellings with and without basements, small commercial buildings, local roads and streets, and lawns and landscaping. The limitations are "Slight", "Moderate", or "Severe". The limitations are considered "Slight" if soil properties and site features are amorally favorable for the indicated use and limitaions are minor and easily•overcone; "Moderate" if soil properties ' or site features are not favorable for the indicated use and special planning, design,n,3 > or maintenance is needed to overcome et minimize the limitations; and "Severe' if eoiJ properties or site features are so unfavorable or so iifficelt to overcome that special design, cigrlificaet increases in construction costs, and possibly increased raintenance are required; .Special feasibility studies may be required where the soil limitations are severe. . ;tALLDW EYAVPTIONS are trenches or hc'es dug to a mzeimum depth of 5 or f, feet for basements, graves, utility lines, . )pant ditches, and ether purposes. The ratings are based on soil properties, site features, and observed performance.of the ;ails. The ease of digging, filling, and compacting is affected by the depth to bedrock,.a cemented pan, or a very Firs Jena layer; stone content; soil_ texture; and :lope. The time of the year that e.<cavatioes can be made is affected by the depth to a 5e2FP.al high water table and the susceptibility of the soil to flooding. The. resistance of •he's eavetien walls or bends to el:wyming or roving is affected by soil texture and the depth to the water table. nC1 n S ,Ctrl . es • art arc r ^�N?~��i.iAi DUI<.''�" �aM•.�LIbs. A,�I, SMALL �� ,..,� arc. :,ructur..., built or, shallow foundations on undisturbed soil. The load limit is the samo as that fo? single-family dwellings no higher tijan trres stories. Ratings are made for small. iomr!er.,ial huildings without basetents, for dwellings with basements, and for dwellings without basements. The ratings :re based on soil. properties, site Features, and observed performance of the soils. A high water table, depth to bedrock s :tones slope, and flooding affect the ease of excavation and construction. Landscaping ... ,; a ;:..mer,Led pan, lay g Zvi that requi-e oils and falls of more than 5 or 6 feet are not considered. j. drg OCA ROADS AND :MEETS have'en all-weather surface end carry automobile and ii-ght truck traffic all year. They . . , tave .a „rtg .de ;;f cut or fill soil mater31, a base of eravel, crushed reek, or stabilized soil material, and a 'lrxi5le or rigid surface. Cute and fills are •generelly properties; site features, and observed performance of the .Dil„ Depth to bedrock or tc a cemented pan, a high water table, flooding, large stones, and slope affect the ease of :xceveting and grading. Soil strength (as inferred from the engineering classification cf the soil), shrink-swell ,otentiai, frost action potential, and depth to a high water table affect the traffic-supporting capacity. ANNS ANC LANDSCAPING require soils on which turf and ornamental trees and shrubs can be established and • iaintained. The ratings are based on soil properties, site features, and observed.performance of the soils. Soil eaction, a high water table, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, the available water capacity in the upper 40 nches, and the content of salts, sodium, and sulfidic materials affect plant growth. Flooding, wetness, slope, •toni.ness, and the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the'surface layer affect trafficability after vegetation s established. • • r .S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE . PAGE 1 OF • 3 ?NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 09/15/90 • • CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS . Petersburg ,The information in this report indicates the dominant-soil condition but does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation; . Map symbol Roadfill Sand • • Gravel Topsoil • "and soil name Iv. Nunn_ ;Good ;Improbable: Improbable ;Poor: EXCESS fires : excess fines too clayey . 7: Ulm---- ;Poor: :Improbable: improbable: Poor: shrink-swe31, ; excess fines excess fines too clayey low strength 9: Weld---------•---;Good Improbable: Improbable: Poor: . excess fines excess fines ' - ; thin layer 1 3" , Fair: ; Wiley ;'poor: :Improbable: :Improbable: law strength excess fines ; excess fines too clayey Colby -- ,,air: Improbable: :improbable: Good • . low strength excess fines excess fines . II I ------------- r ! PAGE 2 OF s J.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 2 O5/g9 9FTURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE • r- CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ' indnote -- CUMSTRUCTION MATERIALS This report gives information about the soils as a source of roadfill, sand, gravel, and topsoil. The soils are rated 'Good", 'fair', or "Poor" as a source of roadfill and topsoil. They are rated as a "Probable" or "Improbable" source of sand and gravel. ' The ratings are based on soil properties and site features that affect the removal of the . •ioi1 and its use as construction material. Normal compaction, elior processing, and other standard construction • eractices are assumed. Each soil is evaluated to a depth of 5 or 6 feet. Ioadfill is soil material that is excavated in one place and used in road embankeentt in another place. In this report, • :he Soils are rated as a source of roadfill for low embankments, generally less than 6 •feet high and less :xacting in design than higher embankments. The Tatings are for the soil material below the surface layer to a . iepth of 5 or 6 feet. It is assumed that soil layers. will be mixed during excavating and spreading. Many soils have .ayers 5f contrasting suitability +within their profile. The report entitled Engineering_Index Properties is also available red it provides detailed irformat.iosi about each soil layer. This information can help determine the suitability of each ;yen for ese as roadfill. The performance of 3011 efter it is et'bii.ized_with'lime et cement is not considered in : e atings. "ie ratings are based rte soil paspeities, site feat.urae, and observed performance of the soils. The thickness of ;;r `.able. 3,•3lserial is a eaj_nr•er'nsid>>ration. The ease of excavation ie affected by large stones, a high water table, the 3011 performs in place after it has been companted and drained is determined by its strength (as .ac slope. }low wall .nTarrsd nom the ai:gineering classifi:.atioe of the 5011; and.shrink-swell potential. . rated "Good" contain significant amounts of stand or gravel or both. They have at least 5 feet of suitable • • . el, a lox Shrink- well pr;terti3 , fee eebbles and stones, en6 slopes of 15 percent or less, Depth ,to the rater table i_ more thee 3 feet ;pile ratan,; "'air" have more than 35 percent silt- _rid c ay.._i sd particles and have a plasticity of. less than 10. •r7) ?ays a eederate shrink awelll potential, slopes of 15 to 25 percent, e: any stones. Depth to the water table is 1 oils rated "Pew' have a plasticity index of more than 10, a high shrink swell potential, many stones, or slopes of ore than 25 percent. They.are wet, and the depth to the water table is less than 1 foot. These soils may have ayes of suitable material, but the ataterial is less than 3 feet thick. ..,r.d :end gravel are natural aggregates suitable for commercial use with a minimum of processing. Sand and • ;ravel are esed in many kinds of construction. Specifications for each use vary widely. In this report only . he probability of finding material in suitable quantity is evaluated. The suitability of the.material for specific . ,urp05e5 is not evaluated, nor are factors that affect excavation of the material, The properties used to evaluate he eei,l as a source of sand or gravel are gradation of grain sizes (as indicated'by.the engineering classification f the soil), the thickness of euiteble material, and the content of rock fragments. .Minds of rock, acidity, and tratifiratior are given ih the soil series descriptions. Gradation of grain sizes is given in the,Engineering Index ' ropert'.es report. . eel] rated as a "Probable" source has a layer of clean sand and gravel or a layer of sand or gravel that contains p to 12 percent silty fines. This material must be at least 3 feet thick and less than 50 percent, byweight, large . tones. All other roils are rated as an "Improbable" source. Coarse fragments of soft bedrock, such as shale and iltstone, are not considered to be sand and gravel.. • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 3 OF 3 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 09/15/99 /' CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Entinote -- CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS--Continued ' . • Topsoil is used to cover an area so that vegetation can be established and maintained. The upper 40 inches of a soil is evaluated for use as topsoil. Also evaluated is the reclamation potential o₹ the •borrow area. Plant growth is affected by toxic material and by such properties as soil reaction, available water capacity, and fertility. The ease of excavating; loading, and spreading is affected by rock fragments, slope, a water table, soil texture, and thickness of suitable material. Reclamation of 'the borrow area is affected by slope, -a water table, rock fragments, bedrock, ' and toxic material. . • Soils fate ""Good" have friable loamy material to a depth of at least 40 inches.. They are free'of stones .and cobbles, have little or no gravel, and have slopes.of less than 8 percent. They are low in content of soluble salts, are naturally fertile or respond well to fertilizer, and are not 30 wet that excavation is difficult. Soils rated " air" are sandy soils, loamy soils that have a relatively high content of clay, sails that have only ?0 c 40 i.nahes of suitable material, soils that have an appreciable amount of gravel, stones, ee soluble salts, or _oils that have slopes of 8 to IS percent. .The soils are not sp wet that excavation is difficult. 5o is rate "Poor" .are very sandy or clayey, have less than 20 inches'of suitable material, have a large amount of ;ravel, stones, or soluble salts, have slopes of more than 15 percent, or have a seasonal water table at or near the Surface, The surface layer of most soils is generally preferred for topsoil because of it organic matter cantata. • '9 „nic matter grea ly increases the absorption and retention of moisture and nutrients for plant growth.' . . . • S. DEPARTMENT or PCRICULTORE . { ( PAGE 1, Of F A?!RAL RESOURCES COMSFPVATIOR SERVICE • 09/15/79 • • PRIME FARMLAND Petersburg • • Map ; Soil name ymbol • p ;.Nunn loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes (where irrigated) 9 ;Weld loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes [where irrigated) - - Hello