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.. ..LD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PAR_ 49
hrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Sibe ' nd switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropsee
a peashrub. d sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses inva e
ildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. e th site as range condition becomes poorer.
cro land areas provide favorable habitat for ring-ne ed nagement of vegetation on this soil should be sed
phe •ant and mourning dove. Many nongame specie can on t ing half and leaving half of the total annual oduc-
be a racted by establishing areas for nesting and scape tion. eeding is desirable if range is in poor c dition.
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover i essen- Sand uestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats
tial an should be included in plans for habitat evelop- grama. ue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, d crested
ment, e ecially in areas of intensive agricultur . Range- wheat are suitable for seeding. The s selected
land wil ' e, for example, the pronghorn antelo e, can be should mee the seasonal requirements of liv stock. It can
attracted by developing livestock waterin facilities, be seeded in o a clean, firm sorghum stub e, or it can be
managing vestock grazing, and reseeding wh re needed. drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. eeding early in
This soil as good potential for urban an recreational spring has pro n most successfuL
development. Lawns, shrubs, and trees w well. The Windbreaks d environmental pla ings generally are
only limiting ature is the rapid permeab' ty in the sub- suited to this so Soil blowing, th principal hazard in
stratum, whic causes a hazard of gro nd water con- establishing trees d shrubs, can e controlled by cul-
tamination fro sewage lagoons. Capab 'ty subclass Ile tivating only in the tree row an by leaving a strip of
irrigated; lye no ' 'gated; Sandy PI ' range site. vegetation between he rows. Supplemental irrigation
77—Vona sand loam. 3 to 5 perce t slopes. This is a may be needed at th time o planting and during dry
deep, well drained oil on plains at e vations of 4,600 to periods. Trees that are st s ted and have good survival
5,200 feet. It fo ed in eolian posits. Included in are Rocky Mountain juni eastern redcedar, ponderosa
mapping are small as of soils t t have a loamy sub- pine, Siberian elm, Rus -olive, and hackberry. The
stratum and areas o soils that e noncalcareous to a shrubs best suited are s bush sumac, lilac and Siberi-
depth of 60 inches. an peashrub.
Typically the surface yer of his Vona soil is grayish Wildlife is an impo t s dary use of this soil. The
brown sandy loam abo 8 in es thick. The subsoil is cropland areas pro ' e favorab habitat for ring-necked
brown fine sandy loam out 15 inches thick. The sub- pheasant and mo ing dove. M y nongame species can
stratum to a depth of 60 in h is sandy loam. be attracted by e tablishing areas or nesting and escape
Permeability is modera ly rapid. Available water cover. For phe ts, undisturbed n sting cover is essen-
capacity is moderate. The fective rooting depth is 60 tial and shoul be included in plans or habitat develop-
inches or more. Surface o is medium, and the erosion ment, es • y in areas of intensive 'culture. Range-
hazard is low, land wildiif , for example, the prongho antelope, can be
In irrigated areas th' soil is suited to the crops com- attracted y developing livestock wa ring facilities,
monly grown in the are Pere 'al grasses and alfalfa or managin livestock grazing, and reseeding here needed.
close grown crops sho d be gro at least 50 percent of This U has good potential for urban an recreational
the time. Contour dit es and co ations can be used in devel ment. Lawns, shrubs, and trees gro well. The
irrigating close gro n crops and p ture. Furrows, con- only . iting feature is the rapid permeability the sub-
tour furrows, and c ss slope furrow are suitable for row s turn, which causes a hazard of ground w ter con-
crops. Sprinkler ' gation is also de ' ble. Keeping til- t ination from sewage lagoons. Capability subc IIIe
lage to a minim and utilizing crop sidue help to con- gated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range sit
trol erosion. M ' taming fertility is portant. Crops 78—Weld loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a deep,
respond to app ' tions of phosphorus an nitrogen. well drained soil on smooth plains at elevations of 4,850 to
In nonirriga areas this soil is suited winter wheat, 5,000 feet. It formed in eolian deposits. Included in
barley, and s rghum. Most of the acre is planted to mapping are small areas of soils that have a subsoil of
winter whe The predicted average yield 's 28 bushels loam and light clay loam. Also included are some leveled
per acre. e soil is summer (allowed in al mate years areas.
to allow m isture accumulation. Generally p 'pitation is Typically the surface layer of this Weld soil is brown
too low t make beneficial use of fertilizer. loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil is brown and pale
Mulch arming, striperopping, and minimum ' age are brown heavy clay loam and light clay about 20 inches
needed o control soil blowing and water erosion Terrac- thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is silt loam.
ing als may be needed to control water erosion. Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is high.
Th potential native vegetation on this range ite is The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface
dom' ated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, an blue runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low.
gra a. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats a, This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
an western wheatgrass are also prominent. Pote tial is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area includ-
p duction ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favo - ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes.
e years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As ran e and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
ondition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reed to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage.
951897
1
D SOIL SURVEY
agar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac- The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue
ces are needed to maintain top yields. grama. Several mid grasses, such as western wheatgrass
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- and needleandthread. are also present. Potential produc-
igation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years
iercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition
Windbreaks and environmental plantings generally are deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease; blue grama, buf-
/ell suited to this soil. Summer fallow a year before falograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase;
planting and continued cultivation for weed control are and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an-
Leeded to insure establishment and survival of plantings. nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
Cocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
Iine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass, blue
/eashrub, and American plum. grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are
Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove, suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the
and cottontail, are best suited to this soil Wildlife habitat seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into _
ievelopment, including tree and shrub plantings and a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a
pass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be suc- firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has
:essful without irrigation in most years. Under irrigation, proven most successful
;ood wildlife habitat can be established, benefiting many Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
kinds of openland wildlife. well suited to this soil. Summer fallow a year before
This soil has good potential for urban and recreational planting and continued cultivation for weed control are
development. The chief limiting soil features for urban needed to insure establishment and survival of plantings.
development are the shrink-swell potential of the subsoil Trees that are best suited and have good survival are
as it wets and dries and the limited capacity of the soil to Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa
support a load. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capa- pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The
bility class I irrigated. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian
79—Weld loam. I to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep, peashrub, and American plum. dove,
well drained soil on smooth plains at elevations of 4.850 to Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning
5,000 feet. It formed in eolian deposits. Included in and cottontail, are best suited to this soil. Wildlife habitat
mapping are small areas of soils that have a subsoil of development, including tree and shrub plantings and
foam and light clay loam. Also included are some leveled grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be suc-
areas. cessful without irrigation during most years. Under ir-
Typically the surface layer of this Weld soil is brown rigation, good wildlife habitat can be established, benefit-
loam about 8 inches thick. The subsoil is brown and pale ing many kinds of openlandwildlife.
for urban and recreational
brown heavy clay loam and light clay about 20 inches This soil has good potential
thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is silt loam. development. The chief limiting soil features for urban
Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is high. development are the shrink-swell potential of the subsoil
The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface as it wets and dries and the limited capacity of the soil to
runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low. support a load. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well Capa-
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- bility subclass IIe irrigated, Inc nonirrigated; Loamy
moray grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets (fig. Plains range site.
8), beans, alfalfa, small grain, and onions. An example of a —Weld loam. 3 to 5 percent slopes. This is a de
suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa fol- well ' ed soil on plains at elevations of 4,850 to ,000
lowed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or feet. It ed in eolian deposits. Included in ma mg are
beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipelines small are f soils that have a subsoil of 1 and light
are needed for proper water applications. clay loam.
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- Typically the urface layer is b loam about 8
rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- inches thick. The s oil is brown d pale brown heavy
mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. clay loam and light c abou inches thick. The sub-
This soil is well suited to winter wheat, barley, and stratum to a depth of 60 s is silt loam.
sorghum if it is summer fallowed in alternate years. Permeability is slow. v ' ble water capacity is high.
Winter wheat is the principal crop. The predicted average The effective rootin epth is inches or more. Surface
yield is :;3 bushels per acre. If the crop is winterkilled, runoff is medium d the erosion is moderate.
spring wheat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is too In irrigated as this soil is suit to most of the crops
low for beneficial use of fertilizer. commonly own in the area, such as c alfalfa, wheat.
in and minimum til- and b ey. Sugar beets are often gro . The soil is
Stubble needed md to facontrong, striperopping,blowing
g,
loge are control soil blwi and water erosion. sui to irrigated pasture. Ditch lining a installing
Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. 1pf alines are needed for proper water applicatio
951897
52 SOIL SURVEY
the limited capacity of this soil to support a load. Capa- Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
bility class I irrigated. on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
82—Wiley-Colby complex. 1 to 3 percent slopes. This tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
nearly level map unit is on smooth plains in the western Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass, blue
part of the survey area at elevations of 4,350 to 5,000 grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are
feet. The Wiley soil makes up about 60 percent of the suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the
unit, and the Colby soil about 30 percent. About 10 per- seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into
cent is Heldt silty clay and Weld loam. a clean, firm sorghum stubble or it can be drilled into a
The Wiley soil is deep and well drained. It formed in firm -prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has
calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer is proven most successful.
pale brown silt loam about 11 inches thick. The subsoil is Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
pale brown silty clay loam about 23 inches thick. The sub- well suited to these soils. Cultivation to control competing
stratum to a depth of 60 inches is very pale brown silty vegetation should be continued for as many years as
clay loam. possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and
or more. Surface runoff is medium, -and the erosion hackberry. The shrubs-best suited are skunkbush sumac,
hazard is moderate. lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
The Colby soil also is deep and well drained and formed Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove,
in calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer and cottontail are best suited to these soils. Wildlife
is pale brown loam about 7 inches thick. The underlying habitat development, including tree and shrub plantings
material is very pale brown silt loam to a depth of 60 and grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be
inches. successful without irrigation during most years. Under ir-
Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is rigation, good wildlife habitat can be established, benefit-
high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. ing many kinds of openland wildlife.
Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is The Wiley soil has only fair potential
recreational development. Slow permeability, moderate
moderate.
This map unit is used for irrigated and nonirrigated shrink-swell potential, and limited bearing capacity cause
cropland and for rangeland, -wildlife habitat, and urban problems in dwelling and road construction. The Colby
development. soil has good potential for urban and recreational develop-
In irrigated areas these soils are suited to all crops ment. Road design can be modified to compensate for the
commonly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, limited capacity of this soil to support a load. Capability
beans, alfalfa, small grain, and onions. An example of-a subclass Ile irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Loamy Plains
suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa fol- range site.
lowed by corn, corn for silage. sugar beets, small grain, or —Wiley-Colby complex, 3 to 5 percent slopes. T "
beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipelines gen sloping map unit is on plains at elevations of 0
may be needed for proper water applications. to 5, eet. The Wiley soil makes up about 60 pe nt of
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- the unit, d the Colby soil about 30 percent. out 10
rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and corn- percent is dt silty clay and Weld loam.
mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. The Wiley ' is deep and well drained t formed in
In nonirrigated areas these -soils are suited to winter calcareous eolian eposits. Typically the urface layer is 1
wheat, barley, -and sorghum. Most of the acreage is pale brown silt 1 about 11-inches ck. The subsoil is
planted to winter wheat. The predicted average yield is pale brown silty clay about 23 ' cites thick. The sub-
28 bushels per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in al- stratum to a depth of inches ' very pale brown silty
ternate years to allow moisture -accumulation. Generally clay loam.
precipitation is too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. Permeability is moderat slow. Available water
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- capacity is high. The eff ve ting depth is 60 inches
lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. or more. Surface runof medi to rapid, and the ero-
Terracing also.may be needed to control water erosion. sion hazard is mode
The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue The Colby soil -is deep and well ' ed and formed
grams. Several mid grasses such as western wheatgrass in calcareous eo ' deposits. Typically t surface layer
and needleandthread are also present. Potential produc- is pale brown own about 7-inches thick. underlying
tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per-acre in favorable years material is ery pale brown silt loam to a th of 60
to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition inches.
deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease; blue grams, buf- Pe ability is moderate. Available water cap ty is
falograss, snakeweed, yucca and fringed sage increase; high e effective rooting depth is 60 inches or re.
and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- S ace runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion h
nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. ' moderate.
951897
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