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WELD COUNTY,COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART
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982258
0 Scale 1=24000
000 4000 3000 2000 1000 10000 Feet
10,000-foot goo ticks based on state This map is compiled on 1974 aerial
coordinate system.Land division WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART NO. 22 photography by the U.S. Department
corners, if shown,are approximately of Agriculture.Soil Conservation Service
nntitinnP.d. and rnnncr atinv pc.n ripe
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 27
Typically the surface layer is light brownish gray fine establish. This soil, however, does have good potential for
ndy loam about 8 inches thick. The underlying material such recreational development as camp and picnic areas
light olive brown fine sandy loam. Soft sandstone is at and playgrounds. Capability subclass IVe irrigated, VIe
a depth of about 28 inches. nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site.
Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water 39—Nunn loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a deep,
capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,550 to 5,000
•10 inches. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the ero- feet. It formed in mixed alluvium. Included in mapping
sion hazard is moderate. are small, long and narrow areas of sand and gravel
This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive deposits and small areas of soil that are subject to occa-
cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The cropping sional flooding. Some small leveled areas are also in-
system should be limited to such close grown crops as al- eluded.
falfa, wheat, and barley. This soil is also suited to ir- Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish
rigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 brown loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is light
years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small brownish gray clay loam about 12 inches thick. The upper
grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. part of the substratum is light brownish gray clay loam.
Close grown crops can be irrigated from closely spaced The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is brown sandy
contour ditches or sprinklers. Contour furrows or sprin- loam.
klers should be used for new crops. Applications of Permeability is moderately slow. Available water
nitrogen and phosphorus help in maintaining good produc- capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches
tion. or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is
The potential native vegetation on this range site is .low.
dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
grams. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ-
and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential ling corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favors- and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage,
nndition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac-
1 switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, tices are needed to maintain top yields.
d sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade All.methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
site as range condition becomes poorer. rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and corn-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats
suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested
wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected vegetation should be continued for as many years as
should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can Possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and
hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush, lilac,
spring has proven most successful.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
not suited. Onsite investigation is needed to determine if Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
plantings are feasible. cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
cropland areas provide wildlife habitat for ring-necked be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture.
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop-
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- ment. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength,
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be and moderately slow permeability. These features create
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the
The underlying sandstone is the most limiting feature substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields
this soil. Neither septic tank absorption fields nor and foundations. Some areas are adjacent to streams and
wage lagoons operate properly. Site preparation for are subject to occasional flooding. This soil has fair poten-
llings is more costly. Environmental and beautifica- tial for such recreational development as camp and picnic
a plantings of trees and shrubs may be difficult to areas and playgrounds. Capability class I irrigated.
32 SOIL SURVEY
are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As rar
pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgn
shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropse
an peashrub. and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses inv.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The the site as range condition becomes poorer.
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked Management of vegetation on this soil should be ba
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can on taking half and leaving half of the total annual prod
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condit
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, side(
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- grama, blue grama, and pubescent wheatgrass are su
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. ble for seeding. The grass selected should meet
Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded
has resulted in urbanization of much of this Olney soil. a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled int
This soil has good potential for urban and recreational firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring
development. The only limiting feature is the moderately proven most successful.
rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a Windbreaks and environmental plantings are gener
hazard of ground water contamination from sewage suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazarn
lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by
class I irrigated. tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a stril
47—Olney fine sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irriga
This is a deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of may be needed at the time of planting and during
4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in mixed outwash deposits. periods. Trees that are best suited and have good sun
Included in mapping are small areas of soils that have a are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponde
dark surface layer. Some small leveled areas are also in- pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry.
eluded. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Sit
Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is grayish an peashrub.
brown fine sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil.
is yellowish brown and very pale brown sandy clay loam cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-ne(
about 14 inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species
inches is very pale brown, calcareous fine sandy loam. be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and es,
Permeability and available water capacity are cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is es
moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or tial and should be included in plans for habitat dev(
more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Ra
low. land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, ca
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- attracted by developing livestock watering facil
monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where nee(
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding
ple of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa has resulted in urbanization of much of the Olney
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, This soil has good potential for urban and recreat
or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing development. The only limiting feature is the moder.
pipelines may be needed for proper water application. All rapid permeability in the substratum, which cans
methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow irrigation is hazard of ground water contamination from se'
the most common. Barnyard manure and commercial fer- lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capal
tilizer are needed for top yields. subclass Ile irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Sandy F
In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, range site.
barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to 48—Olney fine sandy loam, 3 to 5 percent sl
winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels This is a deep, well drained soil on plains at elevatio
per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in mixed outwash dep
to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is Included in mapping are small areas of soils that h:
too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. dark surface layer and small areas of soils that
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- sandstone and shale within a depth of 60 inches.
lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. Typically the surface layer of this Olney soil is gr
Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. brown fine sandy clay loam about 8 inches thick. The
The potential native vegetation on this range site is soil is yellowish brown and very pale brown fine e
dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue loam about 12 inches thick. The substratum to a der
grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, 60 inches is very pale brown, calcareous fine sandy lc
and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential Permeability and available water capacity
production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inch
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 39
mall grain or irrigated pasture. This soil has severe orates, the mid grasses decrease and forage production
zstrictions and requires very careful management. Most drops. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade the site as
;ligation methods are suitable, but the length of runs range condition becomes poorer.
should be short to prevent overirrigation. Light, frequent Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
irrigations are best. Barnyard manure and commercial on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
fertilizer are needed for normal yields. tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by alkali Western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacaton, sideoats
sacaton, western wheatgrass, and blue grama. Buf- grama, little bluestem, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested
falograss, sideoats grama, needleandthread, little wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected
bluestem, sedge, winterfat, and fourwing saltbush are also should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can
present. Potential production ranges from 800 pounds per be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble or it can be
acre in favorable years to 500 pounds in unfavorable drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
years. As range condition deteriorates, the mid grasses spring has proven most successful.
decrease and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
and annuals invade the site as range condition becomes not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed to
poorer. determine if plantings are feasible.
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based Rangeland wildlife, such as antelope, cottontail, and
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produe- coyote, are best suited to this soil. Because forage produc-
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. tion is typically low, grazing management is needed if
Western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacaton, sideoats livestock and wildlife share the range. Livestock watering
grama, little bluestem, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested facilities also are utilized by various wildlife species.
wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected This soil has poor potential for urban and recreational
should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can development. The chief limiting feature is the shallow
be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble or it can be depth to shale. Capability subclass VIe irrigated, VIe
drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in nonirrigated; Shaly Plains range site.
spring has proven most successful. 60—Shingle-Renohill complex, 3 to 9 percent slopes.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally This gently sloping to moderately sloping map unit is on
,ot suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed to plains, hills, and ridges at elevations of 4,600 to 4,750 feet.
ietermine if plantings are feasible. The Shingle soil makes up about 65 percent of the unit,
Rangeland wildlife, such as antelope, cottontail, and and the Renohill soil about 25 percent. About 10 percent
coyote, are best suited to this soil. Because forage produc- is Tassel fine sandy loam. The Shingle soil occupies the
tion is typically low, grazing management is needed if steeper, convex parts of the landscape, and the Renohill
livestock and wildlife share the range. Livestock watering soil occupies the less steep, slightly concave positions.
facilities also are utilized by various wildlife species. The Shingle soil is shallow and well drained. It formed
This soil has poor potential for urban development. The in residuum from calcareous shale. Typically the surface
chief limiting feature is the shallow depth to shale. Capa- layer is grayish brown loam about 6 inches thick. The un-
bility subclass IVs irrigated, VIs nonirrigated; Shaly derlying material is light yellowish brown clay loam. Cal-
Plains range site. careous clayey shale is at a depth of about 18 inches.
59—Shingle loam, 3 to 9 percent slopes. This is a shal- Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is
low, well drained soil on upland hills and ridges at eleva- low. The effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 inches. Sur-
tions of 4,850 to 5,200 feet. It formed in residuum from face runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard is
shale. Included in mapping are some small outcrops of moderate.
shale and sandstone. The Renohill soil is moderately deep and well drained.
Typically the surface layer is grayish brown loam about It formed in residuum from shale. Typically the surface
4 inches thick. The underlying material is light yellowish layer is grayish brown clay loam about 9 inches thick. The
brown clay loam about 10 inches thick. Shale is at a depth subsoil is grayish brown and pale brown clay loam about
of about 16 inches. 14 inches thick. The substratum is clay loam. Shale is at a
Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is depth of about 32 inches.
low. The effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 inches. Sur- Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is
face runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40 inches.
moderate. Surface runoff is rapid, and the erosion hazard is
The potential native vegetation on this soil is moderate.
dominated by alkali sacaton, western wheatgrass, and This unit is used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The
blue grama. Buffalograss, sideoats grama, needle- potential native vegetation on the Shingle soil is
andthread, little bluestem, sedge, winterfat, and fourwing dominated by alkali sacaton, western wheatgrass, and
-altbush are also present. Potential production ranges blue grama. Buffalograss, sideoats grama, needle-
Inn 800 pounds per acre in favorable years to 500 andthread, little bluestem, sedge, winterfat, and fourwing
pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteri- saltbrush are also present. Potential production ranges
40 SOIL SURVEY
from 800 pounds per acre in favorable years to 500 production ranges from 1,750 pounds per acre in favora-
pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteri- ble years to 950 pounds in unfavorable years. As range
orates, the mid grasses decrease and forage production condition deteriorates, the sideoats grama, little bluestem,
drops. Undesirable weeds and annuals invade the site as and sand reedgrass decrease; yucca, sedge, and blue
range condition becomes poorer. grama increase; and forage production drops.
Management of vegetation on the Shingle soil should be Management of vegetation should be based on taking
based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual half or less of the total annual production. Deferred graz-
production. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor ing is practical in improving range condition. Seeding and
condition. Western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacaton, mechanical treatment are impractical.
sideoats grama, little bluestem, pubescent wheatgrass, Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needed to
grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of determine if plantings are feasible.
livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum Production of vegetation on this treeless soil is low,
stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. especially during drought, when annual production can be
Seeding early in spring has proven most successful. as low as 300 pounds per acre. Rangeland wildlife, such as
The potential native vegetation on the Renohill soil is antelope and scaled quail, can be attracted by managing
livestock grazing, installing livestock watering facilities,
dominated by western wheatgrass and blue grama. Buf-
falograss is also presented. Potential production ranges and reseeding where needed.
This soil has poor potential for urban development. The
from 1,000 pounds per acre in favorable years to 600
chief limiting feature is the shallow depth to sandstone.
pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition deteri-
Capability subclass VIe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Sand-
orates, a blue grama-buffalograss sod forms. Undesirable
weeds and annuals invade the site as range condition stone Breaks range site.
becomes poorer. 62—Terry fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes. This
Management of vegetation on the Renohill soil should
eleva-
tions of 4,500 to 5,000 feet. It formed in residuum from
is a moderately deep, well drained soil on plains at eleva-
be based on taking half and leaving half of the total an-
nual production. Range pitting can reduce runoff. Seeding sandstone. Included in mapping are small areas of soils
that have sandstone deeper than 40 inches. Also included
is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Western
are small areas of soils that have a subsoil of sandy clay
wheatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pu-
bescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable loam and clay loam.
Typically the surface layer of this Terry soil is pale
for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal
brown
requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, fine sandy loam about 6 inches thick. The subsoil is
firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm pale u brown fine very sandy loam fi 21 inches loam.thic The
Sand-
prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven substratum is pale brown fine sandy stone is at a depth of about 37 inches.
most successful. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
Rangeland wildlife, such as antelope, cottontail, and capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to
coyote, are best suited to this unit. Because forage 40 inches. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard
production is typically low,grazing management is needed is low.
if livestock and wildlife share the range. Livestock water- This soil is suited to most of the irrigated crops com-
ing facilities also are utilized by various wildlife species. monly grown in the area. The moderate depth restricts
Capability subclass VIe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Shin- some crops. A suitable cropping system is corn, corn for
gle soil in Shaly Plains range site, Renohill soil in Clayey silage, barley, 3 to 4 years of alfalfa, and wheat. This soil
Plains range site. is also well suited to irrigated pasture.
61—Tassel fine sandy loam, 5 to 20 percent slopes. Furrows or sprinklers can be used in irrigating row
This is a shallow, well drained soil on upland breaks at crops. Flooding from contour ditches and sprinkling are
elevations of 4,850 to 5,200 feet. It formed in residuum suitable in irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Small
from sandstone. Included in mapping are small areas of heads of water and short runs reduce the risk of erosion.
sandstone outcrop and areas of noncalcareous soils. Production can be maintained by frequent irrigations and
Typically the surface layer of this Tassel soil is light by applications of barnyard manure and commercial fertil-
yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 7 inches thick. The izer. Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop
underlying material is light yellowish brown very fine residue are important.
sandy loam. Sandstone is at a depth of about 11 inches. In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat,
Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to
capacity is low. The effective rooting depth is 10 to 20 winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 25 bushels
inches. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years
is moderate. to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is
The potential native vegetation is dominated by too low for beneficial use of fertilizer.
sideoats grama, little bluestem, blue grama, threadleaf Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til-
sedge, sand reedgrass, and needleandthread. Potential lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion.
46 SOIL SURVEY
Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 16 inches thicl
moderate. A water table is at or near the surface in The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam.
spring and about 36 inches below the surface in fall. Sur- Permeability is moderately rapid. Available wate
face runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low. capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 6
This unit is used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The inches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosio
potential native vegetation on the Valent soil is hazard is low.
dominated by sand reedgrass, sand bluestem, blue and In irrigated areas this soil is suited to the crops con
hairy grama, little bluestem, needleandthread, and monly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and alfalfa o
sideoats grama. Potential production ranges from 1,800 close grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent c
pounds per acre in favorable years to 1,400 pounds in un- the time. Contour ditches and corrugations can be used i
favorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the sand irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Furrows, cor
bluestem, sand reedgrass, sideoats grama, and little tour furrows, and cross slope furrows are suitable for roe
bluestem decrease; sandhill muhly and blowout grass in- crops. Sprinkler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping ti
crease, and forage production drops. "Blowouts" occur as lage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue help to cor
range condition becomes poorer. trol erosion. Maintaining fertility is important. Crol
The native vegetation on the Loup soil is dominated by respond to applications of phosphorus and nitrogen.
switchgrass, little bluestem, sand reedgrass, and western In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter whea
wheatgrass. Indiangrass, sand bluestem, prairie cordgrass, barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted t
slender wheatgrass, alkali sacaton, saltgrass, sedge, and winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 20 bushe'
rush are also present. Potential production ranges from per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate yea'
4,000 pounds per acre in favorable years to 3,000 pounds to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation i
in unfavorable years. As range condition deteriorates, the too low for beneficial use of fertilizer.
switchgrass, sand bluestem, indiangrass, little bluestem, Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum ti
and prairie cordgrass decrease, and saltgrass, blue grama, lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosio'
sand dropseed, sedge, and rush increase. Undesirable Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion.
weeds and annuals invade the site as range condition The potential native vegetation on this range site 1
becomes poorer. dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and bh:
Seeding with an interseeder is advisable if the range is grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats gram
in poor condition. Sand reedgrass, sand bluestem, sideoats and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potenti:
grama, switchgrass, little bluestem, indiangrass, and blue production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favor:
grama are suitable for seeding. Seeding early in spring ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As rang
has proven most successful. Grazing should be light to condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgras
prevent range deterioration. and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropsee,
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this unit. On and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invac
the Valent soil, rangeland wildlife, for example, the the site as range condition becomes poorer.
pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by developing Management of vegetation on this soil should be basE
livestock watering facilities, managing livestock grazing, on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produ,
and reseeding where needed. tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor conditio
The Loup soil, which is typically wet and produces an Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoa
abundance of wetland vegetation, attracts wetland wil- grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crest€
dlife species, such as mallard, teal, geese, and miscellane- wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selectE
ous shorebirds. Primary management of this soil for wet- should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock.
land wildlife includes managing livestock grazing, fencing should be drilled into a clean, firm sorghum stubble or
to control livestock, protecting from fire, and preventing prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has provE
drainage. Natural wetland vegetation should be allowed most successful.
to develop. Capability subclass VIe irrigated, VIe nonir- Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly wE
rigated; Valent soil in Choppy Sand Meadow range site, suited to this soil. Blowing sand and low available watt
Loup soil in Sandy Meadow range site. capacity are the principal hazards in establishing tre'
72—Vona loamy sand, 0 to 3 percent slopes. This is a and shrubs. The soil is so loose that trees should l
deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains and planted in shallow furrows and vegetation maintain'
high terraces at elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It between the rows. Supplemental irrigation is needed
formed in eolian or alluvial deposits. Included in mapping insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have go'
are some leveled areas. Also included are small areas of survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redceda
soils that have a loamy substratum and some areas of ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs best suit'
soils that are noncalcareous to a depth of 60 inches. are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian peashrub.
Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayish Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. TI
brown. The upper 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 6 cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-neck'
inches is fine sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species e:
f
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 47
attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected
ver. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
hind wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be spring has proven most successful.
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. suited to this soil. Blowing sand and low available water
This soil has good potential for urban and recreational capacity are the principal hazards in establishing trees
development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and and shrubs. The soil is so loose that trees should be
trees grow well. The chief limiting soil feature is the planted in shallow furrows and vegetation maintained
rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed
hazard of ground water contamination from sewage to insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have
lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, western
the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IIIe redcedar, ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs
irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian
73—Vona loamy sand, 3 to 5 percent slopes. This is a peashrub.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains and
high terraces at elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
formed in eolian or alluvial deposits. Included in mapping pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
re some leveled areas. Also included are small areas of be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
soils that have a loamy substratum and some areas of
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
soils that are noncalcareous to a depth of 60 inches.
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayish
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
brown. The upper 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 5
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
inches is fine sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 14 inches thick.
This soil has good potential for urban and recreational
e substratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam..
development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and
Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
trees grow well. The primary limiting soil feature is the
pacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60
ches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a
hazard is low. hazard of ground water contamination from sewage
in lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by
This soil is suited to limited crop
ping.g' Intensive the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IVe
cropping is hazardous because of soil blowing. The irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site.
cropping system should be limited to such close grown 74—Vona loamy sand, 5 to 9 percent slopes. This is a
crops as alfalfa, wheat, and barley. The soil is also suited deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains at
to irrigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in eolian
years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that
grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. have a loamy substratum and areas of soils that are non-
Closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers can be calcareous to a depth of 60 inches.
used in irrigating close grown crops. Contour furrows or Typically the surface layer is grayish brown. The upper
spinklers should be used for new crops. Application of 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 4 inches is fine
barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer helps to main- sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light yellowish
tam good production. brown fine sandy loam about 12 inches thick. The sub-
The potential native vegetation on this range site is stratum to a depth of 60 inches is loamy sand.
dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60
and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential inches or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion
production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- hazard is low.
ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range The potential native vegetation on this range site is
condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama,
and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential
the site as range condition becomes poorer. production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range
taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass,
n. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed,
..nd bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade
grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested the site as range condition becomes poorer.
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 47
attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected
over. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can
vial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be
went, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be spring has proven most successful.
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. suited to this soil. Blowing sand and low available water
This soil has good potential for urban and recreational capacity are the principal hazards in establishing trees
development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and and shrubs. The soil is so loose that trees should be
trees grow well. The chief limiting soil feature is the planted in shallow furrows and vegetation maintained
rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed
hazard of ground water contamination from sewage to insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have
lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, western
the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IIIe redcedar, ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs
irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian
73—Vona loamy sand, 3 to 5 percent slopes. This is a peashrub.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains and
high terraces at elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
formed in eolian or alluvial deposits. Included in mapping pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
are be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
some leveled areas. Also included are small areas of
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
soils that have a loamy substratum and some areas of
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
soils that are noncalcareous to a depth of 60 inches.
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayish
land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
brown. The upper 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 5
attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
inches is fine sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
yellowish brown fine sandy loam about 14 inches thick.
'"he substratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam.. This soil has good potential for urban and recreational
development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and
Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
trees grow well. The primary limiting soil feature is the
ipacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60
rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a
iches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion
hazard is low. hazard of ground water contamination from sewage
This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by
pp g' the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass IVe
cropping is hazardous because of soil blowing. The irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site.
cropping system should be limited to such close grown 74—Vona loamy sand, 5 to 9 percent slopes. This is a
crops as alfalfa, wheat, and barley. The soil is also suited deep, somewhat excessively drained soil on plains at
to irrigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in eolian
years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that
grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. have a loamy substratum and areas of soils that are non-
Closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers can be calcareous to a depth of 60 inches.
used in irrigating close grown crops. Contour furrows or Typically the surface layer is grayish brown. The upper
spinklers should be used for new crops. Application of 6 inches is loamy sand and the lower 4 inches is fine
barnyard manure and commercial fertilizer helps to main- sandy loam. The subsoil is brown and light yellowish
taro good production. brown fine sandy loam about 12 inches thick. The sub-
The potential native vegetation on this range site is stratum to a depth of 60 inches is loamy sand.
dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water
grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60
and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential inches or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion
production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- hazard is low.
ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range The potential native vegetation on this range site is
condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue
and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama,
and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential
the site as range condition becomes poorer. production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range
taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass,
on. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed,
And bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade
grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested the site as range condition becomes poorer.
48 SOIL SURVEY
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in
tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul-
Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of
grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation
wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected may be necessary at the time of planting and during the
should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can dry periods. Trees that are best suited and have good
be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar,
drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in Ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackber-
spring has proven most successful. ry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and
Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well Siberian peashrub.
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil.
capacitysuited this soil. Blowing sand e and low shin trees Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non-
and
sh are the principal hazards in trees shing should be s game species can be attracted by establishing areas foi
la shrubs. This soil is t so s loose ad that Li inta nestingpand escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbec
planted in shallow furrows and vegetation maintained nesting cover is essential and should be included in plan:
between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may be needed for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive
to insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have a culture.
good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
This soil has good potential for urban and recreationa
redcedar, ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs development. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. The
best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian only limiting feature is the rapid permeability in the sub
peashrub. stratum, which causes a hazard of ground water con
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. Ran- tamination from sewage lagoons. Capability subclass II:
geland wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can irrigated.
be attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, 76—Vona sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. deep, well drained soil on plains and high terraces a
This soil has good potential for urban and recreational elevations of 4,600 to 5,200 feet. It formed in eolian am
development. Once established, the lawns, shrubs, and alluvial deposits. Included in mapping are some levele(
trees grow well. The primary limiting soil feature is the areas. Also included are small areas of soils that have :
rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a loamy substratum and areas of soils that are noncalcare
hazard of ground water contamination from sewage ous to a depth of 60 inches.
lagoons. In places recreational development is limited by Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayisl
the susceptibility to soil blowing. Capability subclass VIe brown sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil i
irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. brown fine sandy loam about 18 inches thick. The sub
75—Vona sandy loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a stratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam.
deep, well drained soil on high terraces at elevations of Permeability is moderately rapid. Available wate
4,650 to 4,950 feet. It formed in alluvial deposits. Included capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 6
in mapping are some leveled areas and small areas of inches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosio
soils that have a loamy substratum. hazard is low.
Typically the surface layer of this Vona soil is grayish In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops cow
brown sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil is monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beet:
brown fine sandy loam about 20 inches thick. The sub- beans, alfalfa, small grain, and onions. An example of
stratum to a depth of 60 inches is sandy loam. suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa fo.
Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water lowed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain,o
capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipeline
inches or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion are needed for proper water applications.
hazard is low. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow V
This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and con
is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa (fig. 7), small grain, Windbreaks and environmental plantings are general!
potatoes, and onions. An example of a suitable cropping suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard
system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by Cu
silage, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. The rapidly tivating only in the tree row and by y leaving a strip
permeable substratum slightly restricts some crops. vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigatic
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- may be necessary at the time of planting and during dr
rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation manage- periods.Trees that are best suited and have good survi
ment is essential. Barnyard manure and commercial fertil- are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, p
izer are needed for top yields. pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry 11
FOUN. tTION II Consulting Engineers •
ENGINEERING Ltd.
SCOTT SKEEN
Project Engineer
303-702-0661
5110 Granite Street 515 Main Street,Suite C
Loveland,Colorado 80538 Longmont,Colorado 80501
SUBSURFACE AND PERCOLATION
INVESTIGATION FOR LCT B IN THE
NORTHWEST (-:1PRTEt: OP SECTION 20
AND NORTHEAST QUARTER-OF• SECTION 19 ,
TOWNSHIP �/3 NORTH, PANE 56 WEST,
WELD COO ; ., COLORADO
Prepared for•
Engels Design Associates
2105 Clubhouse Drive -
Greeley, Colorado 80631
January 6, 1994 .. :. -
•
Commission No. : 1269-16-01-01
Prepared By
FOUNDATION & SOILS ENGINEERING, INC.
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
100 East Third Street
Loveland, CO 80537
FOUNDATION Engineering,
AND SOILS I Inc.
January 6, 1994
Commission No. : 1269-16-01-01
Engels Design Associates
2105 Clubhouse Drive
Greeley, Colorado 80631
Dear Mr. Engels:
The enclosed report presents the results of a subsurface and
percolation investigation for- . Lot B in the Northwest Quarter of
Section 20 and Northeast Quarter of Section 39, Township .3 North,
Range 66 West, Larimer County, Colorado.
In summary, .non-swelling soils and moderately.. to highly. .swelling
>bedrockstratum were encountered in th?;iorings: Although the site
. soils and/or rock . are suitable for. . support. ; of the .aroposcd
structures, care will be needed in both the-design and co;; cructiof
of the buildings to minimize the potential for foundation and floor
slab movement.
Site conditions indicate that a cfyichinatinn evapitra SpJ.ratlon and
absorption (ETA) sewage disposal system is required for the. :e.
The attached geotechnical report presents the results of our .
investigation and recommendations coi,cerni.;g design and construc-
tion of the foundation system and supper:. of floor slabs.
We appreciate the opportunity to be of service 'to :you on this
project. If you. have any questions, pThase feel free to call . .
Respectfully,
Thomas W. Finl ,
Engineering Geologist ,: :m,, ,
Re)v�i@@wed by: yy'.-
Kevin W. PatterSOn% Y. F.
FOUNDATION d SOILSiEtGINEERS, 1Ne.
TWF/jlb
100 East 3rd Street • Loveland,Colorado 80537 • (303)663-0138
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Letter of Transmittal i
Scope 1
Site Description 1
Field Investigation 2
Laboratory Testing Procedures 4
Subsurface Conditions 5
Foundation Recommendations 6
Basement and Subdrains 9
Floor Slabs 10
Site Grading and Utilities 12
Landscaping and Drainage 13
Percolation Test Results 15
General Information 16
Test Boring Location Map Figure 1
Legend of Soil Symbols Figure 2
Boring Logs Figure 3
Consolidation Swell Tests Figure 4
Summary of Test Results Figure 5
Suggested Specifications for Placement Appendix A
of Compacted Earth Fills and/or Backfills
Individual Sewage Disposal System Design Summary Appendix B
SCOPE
The following report presents the results of our subsurface and
percolation investigation on Lot B in the Northwest Quarter of
Section 20 and Northeast Quarter of Section 19, Township 3 North,
Range 66 West of the 6th Prime Meridian, Larimer County, Colorado.
This investigation was performed for Engels Design Associates at
the request of Mr. Joe Engels.
We understand the site is to be developed into a single family
residence. Construction is to be typical wood frame type and brick
veneer and as such, should generate only light loading, on the
order of 1, 000 to 2, 000 PLF. Concentrated loads, if any, should
not exceed 15 to 20 KIPS.
The purpose of this investigation is to identify subsurface condi-
tions and to obtain test data to properly design and construct the
foundation system, floor slabs, and sewage disposal system. The
conclusions and recommendations presented in this report are based
upon the acquired field and laboratory data and previous experience
with similar subsurface conditions in the area.
SITE DESCRIPTION
The site is located approximately one-half (1/2) to one (1) mile
1
east of Platteville on the south side of County Road No. 32. The
building site on the 200+ acre parcel is sparsely vegetated and has
an approximate slope of four degrees (4°) towards the west.
FIELD INVESTIGATION
The field investigation consisted of three (3) borings at selected
locations on the site. Six (6) additional shallow borings were
drilled for percolation testing. Distances between borings are as
indicated on the attached test boring location map, Figure 1 . The
borings were advanced using a four (4) and six (6) inch diameter
continuous flight power auger. All borings were continued to hard
bedrock or to depths considered sufficient for the purposes of this
report as set forth in the scope.
The borings were laid out by Foundation & Soils Engineering, Inc.
personnel based on a site plan provided by the client . Distances
from the referenced features to the boring locations, as indicated
on the attached diagram, are approximate and were made by pacing.
Angles for locating the borings were estimated. Elevations of the
borings are approximate and were obtained using a level and rod.
The elevations were referenced to an assumed elevation of one
hundred (100) feet using Test Hole No. 1 . The approximate location
of the benchmark is shown on the attached boring location map,
2
Figure 1 . The locations and elevations of the borings should be
considered only to the degree implied by the methods used to make
those measurements.
Complete logs of the boring operations were compiled by a represen-
tative of our firm as the borings were advanced. The approximate
location of soil and rock contacts, free groundwater levels, and
standard penetration tests are shown on each boring log. The
transition between different strata can be and most often is
gradual .
An index of soils relative density and consistency was obtained by
use of the standard penetration test, ASTM Standard Test D-1586.
The penetration test result listed on the log is the number of
blows required to drive the two (2) inch split-spoon sampler twelve
(12) inches (or as shown) into undisturbed soil by a one hundred
and forty (140) pound hammer dropped thirty (30) inches.
Undisturbed samples for use in the laboratory were taken in three
(3) inch O.D. thin wall samplers (Shelby) , pushed hydraulically
into the soil in accordance with ASTM D-1587. In this sampling
procedure, a seamless steel tube with a beveled cutting edge is
pushed hydraulically into the ground to obtain a relatively
undisturbed sample of cohesive or moderately cohesive soil . All
samples were sealed in the field and preserved at natural moisture
content until time of test.
3
LABORATORY TESTING PROCEDURES
The recovered samples were tested in the laboratory to measure
their dry unit weights, natural water contents, and for classifica-
tion purposes. Selected samples were tested for strength and
stability characteristics. These include swelling, compressibility,
collapse and shear strength of the soil and/or rock.
One dimensional consolidation-swell tests were performed on
selected samples to evaluate the expansive, compressive and
collapsing nature of the soils and/or bedrock stratum. In the
consolidation-swell test, a trimmed specimen is placed in a one-
dimensional confinement ring and a vertical load is applied. After
seating, the sample is inundated with water and the height change
of the specimen is recorded. The confining load is then incremen-
tally increased until the specimen is compressed to its original
volume. Results of those tests are presented at the end of this
report.
A calibrated hand penetrometer was used to estimate the approximate
unconfined compressive strength of selected samples. The calibra-
ted hand penetrometer has been correlated with unconfined compres-
sion tests and provides a better estimate of soil consistency than
visual examination alone.
4
SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
Generally, silty sands overlie a claystone bedrock stratum to the
depths explored. Free groundwater was not encountered in the
borings.
Sands containing moderate amounts of silty, slight amounts of clay
and traces of gravel were encountered in the upper six (6) to seven
(7) feet of the borings. These deposits exhibit moderate bearing
capacities with no swell potential .
A claystone bedrock stratum was encountered below the upper sands.
The upper four (4) to five (5) feet appear to be moderately
weathered. Minor lenses of coal were observed in these deposits.
The claystones exhibit moderate to high bearing capacities with a
moderate to high swell potential . The claystones were encountered
to the depths explored.
Groundwater observations were made as the borings were being
advanced, immediately after completion, and twenty-four hours after
the drilling operation. At the time of our field investigation,
groundwater was not encountered. The groundwater table can be
expected to fluctuate throughout the year depending upon variations
in precipitation, surface irrigation and runoff on the site. Due
to the shallow depth of bedrock at this site, surface water from
the above sources could percolate through the upper soils or
5
backfill becoming trapped upon the relatively impervious bedrock
stratum forming a perched water table. The ambient groundwater
table at the site is not expected to rise to a level which would
affect the construction or utilization of a residence constructed
over a basement unless a source of water not presently contributing
becomes available.
FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS
Drilled Piers and Grade Beams
Due to the anticipated depths of the foundation and the proximity
to the underlying claystone bedrock stratum, we recommend the use
of a drilled pier and grade beam type foundation system. The piers
should be drilled a minimum of five (5) feet into the firm bedrock
with a minimum length of ten (10) feet. The piers should be
designed for a maximum end bearing value of 15, 000 PSF, maximum
side shear on that portion of the pier in bedrock of 1,500 PSF and
a minimum dead load of 10, 000 PSF. A nominal amount of reinforcing
steel should be used in all piers.
Difficulty is sometimes experienced in achieving the desired
minimum dead load. If this occurs, we suggest the piers be
reinforced full length to take the difference between the "desired"
and the "obtainable" dead load in tension . The side shear value
given above may be used in uplift provided the sides of the hole
6
are grooved.
In drilling the piers, the following design and construction
details should be observed:
1 . Piers should be designed for the maximum end bearing, minimum
dead load and skin friction specified in this report.
2. Grade beams should be reinforced with rebar to span between
each pier. Rebar should be run continuously around corners
and be properly spliced.
3. Bearing walls should be omitted in the basement. Partitions
should be hung from the floor joists and beams which are
supported by adjustable steel columns. A minimum two (2) inch
void should be constructed under all partition walls located
over slabs.
4. All piers should penetrate a minimum of five (5) feet into the
firm bedrock with a minimum length of ten (10) feet.
5. All piers should be reinforced their full length to resist
tension. We recommend the use of at least two (2) #5 bars. The
rebar should extend into the grade beam to tie the pier to the
grade beam.
7
6. A minimum of four (4) inches air space should be provided
beneath all grade beams to insure the concentration of dead
load pressure on all piers.
7. All piers should be carefully cleaned and dewatered before
pouring concrete. In our opinion, casing and/or dewatering
probably will not be required. Concrete and reinforcement
should be placed immediately after drilling of each pier.
8. Most of the bedrock at the site can be drilled with normal
heavy commercial-size pier drilling rigs. Some of the bedrock
is very hard and a problem may arise if the contractor
attempts to drill the pier holes with small drill rigs. In
case drilling refusal is encountered, the depth of penetration
into bedrock may be reduced if design criteria are adjusted
accordingly.
9. A representative number of pier holes should be inspected
during construction by a competent representative of the
geotechnical engineer in order to insure that the required
penetration and depths are met, that no loose material remains
in the hole, and that the holes are properly dewatered prior
to placement of the concrete.
8
BASEMENTS AND SUBDRAINS
Basement construction is feasible at this site. However, where
basement or other habitable lower levels are located within three
(3) feet of the bedrock, we recommend that such lower levels be
provided with a perimeter drainage system. The drainage system
should contain a four (4) inch diameter perforated drain pipe
encased in a minimum of twelve (12) inches of clean, 3/4 inch
gravel graded in accordance with ASTM C 33-78. The drain pipe
should extend around the lower level with the invert being placed
a minimum of four (4) inches below the bottom of the footing to
facilitate moisture transfer to the perimeter drain system. The
gravel should be placed a minimum of eight (8) inches over the pipe
the full width of the trench. The whole system should then be
covered with untreated building paper or geotextile to minimize
clogging of the gravel with the backfill material .
The above drain system should be run at 1/8 inch per foot minimum
to either a sump constructed in the basement or "daylighted" well
beyond the foundation system. The sump should be a minimum of
eighteen (18) inches diameter by three (3) feet deep and surrounded
by at least six (6) inches of clean gravel similar to that provided
around the drain. The sump should be provided with a pump designed
to discharge all flow from the sump a minimum of five (5) feet
beyond the backfill zone.
9
FLOOR S LAB S
Soils at proposed foundation elevations are stable at their natural
moisture condition. However, should moisture contents of the
bedrock stratum increase, heaving will result, particularly at
basement elevations. This phenomenon can result in cracking of the
garage slabs or other slabs-on-grade. In our opinion, the only
positive solutions are to use .a structural floor system which
allows the floor to be isolated from the underlying soils, or
constructing a non-expansive soil mat under the slabs. These
methods are quite expensive and in our opinion, are not warranted
provided the owner is willing to accept the risk of damage. With
the above in mind, construction of the structure, as much as
possible, should be done to accommodate movement of the slabs
without damage. We recommend the following:
1 . Slabs should be constructed "free floating" . The slab should
be isolated from all structural components and utilities which
penetrate the slab. Isolation may be accomplished with 1/2
inch isolation material or by sleeving.
2. Provide a two (2) inch minimum void space above or below
interior nonload bearing partitions where floors consist of
slabs-on-grade. All phases of construction should be con-
structed to allow the void to function as intended.
10
3. Eliminate undersiab plumbing where feasible. Where such
plumbing is unavoidable, it should be pressure tested during
construction to minimize leaks which would result in wetting
of the subsoils.
4. Separate slabs-on-grade into panels by use of control joints.
We recommend joints be placed no more than fifteen (15) feet
on center. Control joints should also be located at potential
weak areas such as the corners of driveway slabs.
5. All slabs-on-grade should be underlain with a four (4) inch
layer of clean, crushed rock or gravel to help distribute
floor loads and to provide a capillary break should moisture
penetrate under the slab.
6. Due to the proximity of the bedrock, any lower levels (i . e.
basements) located within three (3) feet of the bedrock
stratum should be provided with a perimeter drain as described
in this report.
7. All exterior slabs should be constructed using a more durable
sulfate resistant concrete containing Type II cement and with
higher air contents and lower water cement ratios.
11
SITE GRADING AND UTILITIES
Specifications pertaining to site grading are included below and
in Appendix A of this report. It is recommended that the upper
eight (8) inches of topsoil below building, filled and paved areas
be stripped and stockpiled for reuse in planted areas. The upper
six (6) inches of the subgrade below paved and filled areas should
be scarified and recompacted plus or minus two percent (+2%) of
optimum moisture to at least ninety-five percent (95%) of Standard
Proctor Density ASTM D-698-78 (See Appendix A of this report) .
Additional fill should consist of the onsite clayey soil or
imported materials approved by the geotechnical engineer. Fill
should be placed in uniform six to eight (6-8) inch lifts and
mechanically compacted plus or minus two percent (+2%) of optimum
moisture to at least ninety-five percent (95%) of Standard Proctor
Density ASTM D-698-78.
Bedrock encountered at the site may be used as fill material in
selected areas. Heavy-duty construction equipment equivalent to an
excavator having a gross weight of ninety thousand (90,000) pounds
may be needed to excavate the firm bedrock. Bedrock used as fill
should be broken into pieces less than six (6) inches in diameter.
Proper placement of the bedrock as fill may be difficult, and a
disc or other mixing equipment may be needed to obtain uniform
moisture and proper compaction. It is recommended that bedrock not
12
be used as backfill adjacent to proposed buildings.
LANDSCAPING AND DRAINAGE
Every precaution should be taken to prevent wetting of the subsoils
and percolation of water down along the foundation elements.
Finished grade should be sloped away from the structure on all
sides to give positive drainage. A minimum of twelve (12) inches
fall in the first ten (10) feet is recommended. Sprinkling systems
should not be installed within ten (10) feet of the structure.
Downspouts are recommended and should be arranged to carry drainage
from the roof at least five (5) feet beyond the foundation walls.
Plantings are not recommended around the perimeter of the founda-
tions. However, if the owners are willing to accept the risks of
foundation and slab movement, low water use plant varieties could
be used. A horizontal impervious membrane, such as polyethylene,
should not be used next to the foundation wall . We recommend the
use of a landscape fabric which will allow normal evaporation in
lieu of a plastic membrane. All plants located next to the
foundation should be hand watered only using the minimum amount of
water.
Backfill around the outside perimeter of the structure, except as
noted above, should be compacted from optimum moisture to three
13
percent (3%) above optimum moisture, and from eighty-five percent
(85%) to ninety percent (90%) of Standard Proctor Density as
determined by ASTM Standard Test D-698. The backfill should be
mechanically compacted in loose lifts not to exceed twelve (12)
inches. Expansive soils and/or bedrock fragments should not be used
for backfill materials. If imported material is used, the soil
should be relatively impervious and non-expansive. The foundation
walls should be well-cured, braced or subfloor installed prior to
backfilling. Past experience has shown that severe damage could
occur to the foundation walls if expansive material is placed for
backfill and allowed to become wet.
The backfill placed immediately adjacent to the foundation walls,
if not properly compacted, can be expected to settle with resulting
damage to sidewalks, driveway aprons, and other exterior slabs-on-
grade. To avoid settlement and disfigurement of the slabs in the
event that the backfill is not properly compacted, we recommend
that concrete slabs which must span the backfill be supported by
the foundation walls. This is conventionally done by use of a brick
ledge or haunch. Exterior slabs could be dowelled to the foundation
wall. The slab should be reinforced as necessary for the span
involved.
14
PERCOLATION INVESTIGATION
Six (6) percolation test holes were drilled at locations shown on
the boring location map, Figure 1 . Percolation rates of 60, 80, 80,
80, 80, and 120 minutes per inch with an average of 83 minutes per
inch were obtained using the standard test procedures described by
the Weld County Health Department. Exposed subsurface conditions
in the test hole indicate six (6) feet of silty, slightly clayey
sand over a weathered claystone to the depths explored. Groundwater
was not encountered.
Based on a four (4) bedroom residence (2 persons per bedroom) and
the conditions described above, we recommend the use of a 1250
gallon septic tank followed by a combination evapotranspiration and
absorption (ETA) bed of 1862 square feet. All construction shall
be in accordance with the Weld County Health Department Individual
Sewage Disposal System Regulations.
Due to the location of the bedrock, the system shall be placed no
deeper than two (2) feet into the ground.
If water saving devices (e. g. toilets, showerheads) are utilized
in the residence, the Weld County Health Department may allow a
reduction in the ETA bed size. The gallon per flush and/or gallon
per minute figures provided by the manufacturer shall be supplied
to the Health Department or Engineer so that the proper factors can
15
be applied to the reduction of the field area. A 25% reduction for
water saving devices will result in a 1396 square foot ETA bed.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The data presented herein were collected to help develop designs
and cost estimates for this project. Professional judgments on
design alternatives and criteria are presented in this report.
These are based on evaluation of technical information gathered,
partly on our understanding of the characteristics of the structure
proposed, and partly on our experience with subsurface conditions
in the area. We do not guarantee the performance of the project in
any respect, only that our engineering work and judgments rendered
meet the standard of care of our profession.
The test holes drilled were spaced to obtain a reasonably accurate
picture of subsurface conditions for design purposes. These
variations are sometimes sufficient to necessitate modifications
in design.
We recommend that construction be continuously observed by a
qualified soils technician trained and experienced in the field to
take advantage of all opportunities to recognize some undetected
condition which might affect the performance of the foundation
system and sewage disposal system.
16
APPENDIX A
Suggested Specifications for Placement of Compacted Earth Fills
and/or Backfills.
GENERAL
A soils engineer shall be the owner's representative to supervise
and control all compacted fill and/or compacted backfill on the
project. The soils engineer shall approve all earth materials prior
to their use, the methods of placing, and the degree of compaction
obtained. A certificate of approval from the soils engineer will
be required prior to the owner's final acceptance of the filling
operations.
MATERIALS
The soils used for compacted fill beneath interior floor slabs and
backfill around foundation walls shall be impervious and non-
swelling for the depth shown on the drawings. No material shall be
placed for fill which has a maximum dimension of six (6) inches or
greater. All materials used in either compacted fill or compacted
backfill shall be subject to the approval of the soils engineer.
1
PREPARATION OF SUBGRADE
All topsoil and vegetation shall be removed to a depth satisfactory
to the soils engineer before beginning preparation of the subgrade.
The subgrade surface of the area to be filled shall be scarified
to a minimum depth of six (6) inches, moistened as necessary, and
compacted in a manner specified below for the subsequent layers of
fill . Fill shall not be placed on frozen or muddy ground.
P LAC I N G FILL
No sod, brush or frozen material or other deleterious or unsuitable
material shall be placed in the fill . Distribution of material in
the fill shall be such as to preclude the formation of lenses of
material differing from the surrounding material . The materials
shall be delivered and spread on the fill surface in such a manner
as will result in a uniformly compacted fill . Prior to compacting,
each layer shall have a maximum thickness of eight (8) inches and
its upper surface shall be relatively horizontal .
MOISTURE CONTROL
The fill material in each layer, while being compacted, shall as
nearly as practical contain the amount of moisture required for
2
optimum compaction. The moisture shall be uniform throughout the
fill . The contractor may be required to add necessary moisture to
the backfill material in the excavation if, in the opinion of the
soils engineer, it is not possible to obtain uniform moisture
content by adding water on the fill surface. If, in the opinion of
the soils engineer, the material proposed for use in the compaction
is too wet to permit adequate compaction, it shall be dried in an
acceptable manner prior to placement and compaction.
COMPACTION
When an acceptable uniform moisture content is obtained, each layer
shall be compacted by a method acceptable to the soils engineer and
as specified in the foregoing report as determined by the standard
Proctor test (ASTM D698) . Compaction shall be performed by rolling
with approved tamping rollers, pneumatic-tired rollers, three-wheel
power rollers, or other approved equipment well-suited to the soil
being compacted. If a sheepsfoot roller is used, it shall be
provided with cleaner bars attached in a manner which would prevent
the accumulation of material between the tamper feet. The roller
should be so designed that the effective weight can be increased.
MOISTURE - DENSITY DETERMINATION
Samples of representative fill materials to be placed shall be
3
furnished by the contractor to the soils engineer for determination
of maximum density and optimum moisture for these materials. Tests
for this determination will be made using methods conforming to
requirements of ASTM D698. Copies of the results of these tests
will be furnished to the contractor. These test results shall be
the basis of control for compaction effort.
DENSITY TESTS
The density and moisture content of each layer of compacted fill
will be determined by the soils engineer in accordance with ASTM
D1556 or D2167. Any material found not to comply with the minimum
specified density shall be recompacted until the required density
is obtained. The results of all density tests will be furnished to
both the owner and the contractor by the soils engineer.
4
APPENDIX B
INDIVIDUAL SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM DESIGN SUMMARY
I . System Type - Evapo-Transpiration/Absorption (ETA) Field
II . Design Criteria
A. Number of bedrooms as stated by owner - 4
B. Design for 2 residents/bedroom - 8 persons
C . Provide for garbage grinder and automatic clothes
washing machine.
D. Percolation-Rate (t) - 83 min. /inch (Avg. 3 holes )
E. Evapo-transpiration Rate (RET) - O. 17 GPD/S.F.
III . Calculations
A. Quantity of Sewage (Qt) = 75 x 8 x 1 . 5 x 1 .2 = 1,080
Gallons/Day (GPD)
B. Field Size (Based on percolation + Evaporation)=
Area = Qt RET = 0 . 17 GPD/S .F . Rp = N = 0 . 41
RET + R YT:-
N = 4 - t - 60)= 3 . 713
( 80
A= 1080 = 1862 Sq. Ft. ( 1396 sq. ft. with 25%
0 . 17 + 0 . 41 water-saving reduction)
IV. Construction Notes
A. Gravel - The gravel shown in the system cross section
provides storage capacity for liquids . Size may range
from 3/4" to 1-1/2 " washed gravel . Chosen size must be
poorly graded. Sand may be used in place of the gravel .
The sand shall have an effective size between 0 . 25 mm
and 1 . 0 mm with a uniformity coefficient of 4 . 0 or less .
The four (4) inch perforated pipe must be wrapped in
filter fabric if the sand is used in place of the
gravel.
B . Wicking Material - The wicking material transfers
liquids from the gravel storage to the vegetative cover
for evaporation and plant transpiration. The wicking
material shall be clean, fine sand such as wash tailings
from a gravel plant. The material should consist of
approximately 15-2O percent silt . Material must be
tested and approved by Engineer prior to purchase.
5
C. Hay or straw - A 2 inch layer of hay or straw shall be
placed over the gravel prior to placing the wicking
material . The straw prevents the wicking material from
sifting into the gravel during construction. Alternate
methods may be acceptable. Contact Engineer prior to
construction. The hay or straw is not necessary if sand
is used in lieu of the gravel .
D. Sodding or seeding - Transfer of liquids to the
atmosphere by vegetative transpiration is an integral
part of the design. The top surface of the ETA field(s)
must be sodded or seeded with a high water use grass .
The sodded or seeded grass cover must be established
prior to use of the system or as soon as practicable.
E . Septic tank (and distribution box(es ) if used) - Shall
be installed on a stable base and shall be level .
F. Size of septic tank recommended - 1250 gallons .
G. Trees or shrubs - Shall not be planted within ten feet
of the field(s) without submittal to Engineer for
approval of species and location.
H. Component grades and elevations - The building sewer to
the septic tank shall be laid with a minimum fall of 1/8
inch per foot ( 1/4 inch fall per foot is recommended) .
The grade of the ETA field laterals shall be from zero
(O) inches to four (4 ) inches per one hundred ( 1OO)
feet.
ETA field laterals are higher in relative elevation than
those in a conventional septic tank-soil percolation
field. Allow for this when planning for component
elevations, pipe slopes, and soil cover throughout the
installation.
I . Drainage - Drainage swales or berms shall be constructed
as shown or as necessary to prevent any run-off from
flooding the field(s) . The field(s) shall have a 1%
surface cross slope (maximum) to promote drainage and
air flow.
V. Additional System Requirements
A. Vehicular traffic or other heavy loadings - Shall be
prohibited over the field(s) .
B. Animal traffic and point loads - Hoofed animal traffic
over the field(s ) shall be prohibited. Other point loads
which would indent the field(s) surface shall be
prohibited.
C. Grass cover - The specified grass cover is essential to
proper functioning of the system. Grazing animals,
gardens, or any use which would disturb the established
grass cover on the field(s ) is prohibited.
7
Date: January 6, 1994
Commission No. 1269-16-01-01
1-1,-/O.)P-
Se f--2.0-3-6,
o • 1-> No. 3v
1/2M Ai
toot pre- ael
u=.1
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(rat- ISO
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BORING LOCATION MAP _
FIG. 1
Date January 6, 1994
Commission No. 1269-16-01-01
LEGEND
OF SOILS SYMBOLS
FILL
o°°•
°°o a GRAVELS •
SANDS SHELBY TUBE SAMPLE
\ \`
\\\ SILTS •
•' GRAVELS, SAND &
b•'o�Q SILT COMBINATIONS STANDARD PENETRATION
owe\
o;:-'•o• SANDY GRAVELS, TEST SAMPLER
�' °'''• GRAVELLY SANDS
SILTY SANDS,
\ SANDY SILTS
. 1. ` SANDY CLAYS, WATER TABLE AT
CLAYEY SANDS TIME OF DRILLING
••••.•;. SAND, SILT & CLAY
N• \ COMBINATIONS
•
CLAYS
(, HOLE CAVED
•
�-\ WEATHERED BEDROCK
SILTSTONE
—— CLAYSTONE * 20/12 indicates that 20 blows
of a 140 lb. hammer falling
30" was required to penetrate
• SANDSTONE 12"
--1
--I LIMESTONE
U-■
!.1)-
,�I GRANITE
Date January 6, 1994
Commission No 1269-16—01-01
BORING. LOGS .
-r6Yr 16(4- N'• I I-1.0.Z 14,2, (Pr,7zt,5r(r•..
1°O- .
! —
\,
GS `574.'6.14 rx.-) • . - .. CaaJLL.S I.Mors-r,
rZo
40 ,�
-. - .a GL* -14..to{ra. , PHLtII
. .--- ...1!
-a V. /..
- — --‘ /I2-
GvaL-, r'IcV,Alex' --0
. — 4-6..rzt7 , aclrt- ?'ta.,4
I
i,7 —
I 'I.
as
��e.sr, Iz/i 4-/4;
FOUNDATION ENGINEERING -FIG. 3
SWELL- CONSOLIDATION
LOAD (PSF)
500 1000 5000 10000
+ Saturated at constant
pressure
J
-J
W
F 4 .
0
C
• 2
0
• a
o 0 Y
m t_4 -- b
z `
0
z 2
m
m
CEO
c' 4 . a "
a ro
•
so
J p p.
0 6 . w
CO zn
p o•
a'• N
O -
b
I- r
SAMPLE OF vat.'rwt. ai). FROM TEST HOLE NO. 0
2
AT DEPTH OF ri FEET NATURAL MOISTURE CONTENT NATURAL DRY DENSITY
8 2 Ivts..} PCF
0 •
FOUNDATID N ENGINEERING
SUMMARY OF LABORATnRY TEST RESULTS •
Sarole Locicion Gradation Percent Atterberg Limits Unconfined Standard
Natural Natural
Moisture Dry Density . Passing Compressive Penetration Soil or
Hole Depth Gravel Sand No. 200 Liquid Plasticity Strength blows/Ft. bedrock Type
(Feet) Concen: (X) U'CP1 (X) (X) Sieve Limit Index * (PST)
I
1 2-3 3.2 6 68 26 --- Silty sand
1 3-4 3.6 12/12 Silty sand
1 7-8 26.3 • 20/12 Weathered
Claystone
2 2-3 5.5 50/6 Silty sand
2 8-9 29.4 108.4 9,000+ --- Weathered
Claystone
2 9-10 23.2 20/12 Weatthestone
0
o w
2 14-15 14.5 9,000+ 50/11 Claystone B m
µ “
N
V' 4
o w
O o
G
z
o n
.. rn
.-.
NO
CT r
b 1/40
I v]
a--` A
a,
i O
F-`
O
1
*Based on Pocket Penetrometer
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ( ET) and
I EVAPOTRANSPIRATION /ABSORPTION (ETA) BEDS
I
i
•
I% Cross slope for drainage 3"of turf to be maintained •
//
/
. M ..
20e_ a"- IS" Wicking Sand `
•:
Sand
30° r 2„min. ' 3V A'
y[` ,"a
IQ Gravel or- see note - 6��min, pg'g,o,V
e r •
u
1. 36" j 6I MAX. I 4"dIa.Perf.Pipe
tt
o w)
o
8
rr
5 N m
rrn v
O o w
— Grovel to be 3/4" to I-I/2" — Site drainage shall preclude storm - z a
— Sand may be substituted for rock if water runoff over bed and 0 C ,, n
sand hds effective size between pending w/in 10' of bed. z 2 •' T
0.26 -I.0mm ,uniformity coefficient .--
of 4.0 or less. in ❑
4r' Perf. Pipe to be wrapped in — Layer of straw,untreated bldg.paper, or jT] D
filter fabric if sand Is used n
4 layer of pea gravel to be placed o
In place of gravel .fre over gravel matrix � "
H P., O
O 2 -+
• oZ
e: January 6, 1994
Commission o. : 1269-16-01-01
FOUN OAT I O N
ENGINEERING
1 IOO'max. (6'inc.hip-)
end caps •
IBS-36" I
.,,..<,
I I i
/ I I I I
} dmaxt
I
4' PertPVC I
(level) I I
I 1 a
I 1 I
I E
o
I o
I III
1
Distribution Box
_/4"per Ft.slope
4' Non-Pert. PV C
Septic
Tank tti)v Bed to be
1253 golf It('2- Ft.2
I Bed area can be reduced if
water saving fixtures are used,
PLAN VIEW OF BED
FIG. 7
Hello