HomeMy WebLinkAbout991695.tiff 8 SOIL SURVEY
filter the leachate. Sewage lagoons require sealing. 60 percent of the unit. Aquents. which have a lighter
Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability subclass colored surface layer. make up about 35 percent_ About 5
Its irrigated. percent is Aquepts and Bankard sandy loam.
2 -Altvan loam, I to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep. These are deep, poorly drained soils that formed in
well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,500 to 4,900 recent alluvium. No one pedon is typical. Commonly the
feet. It formed in old alluvium deposited by the major soils have a mottled, mildly alkaline to moderately a]-
rivers. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that kaline loamy or clayey surface layer and underlying
show evidence of poor drainage. Also included are small, material and are underlain by sand or sand and gravel
long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits. within 48 inches. In places they have a gleyed layer in the
Typically the surface layer of this Altvan soil is grayish underlying material.
brown loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil is brown Most. of the acreage is subject to flooding. The water
and light yellowish brown clay loam and sandy clay loam table is at or near the surface early in spring and recedes
about 14 inches thick. The substratum is calcareous loamy to as deep as 48 inches late in fall in some years.
sand about 5 inches thick over gravelly sand. These soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat.
Permeability and available water capacity are Some small areas have been reclaimed by major drainage
moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40 inches. and leveling and are used for irrigated crops.
Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low. The potential native vegetation is dominated by alkali
This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It sacaton, switchgrass, and western wheatgrass. Salltgrass,
is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- sedge, rush, and alkali bluegrass are also prominent.
ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, Potential production ranges from 3,000 pounds per acre in
and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 favorable years to 2,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As
to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, range condition deteriorates, the ewitchgrass, alkali
sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Land leveling, ditch sacaton, and western wheatgrass decrease and sal'.tgrass,
lining, and installing pipelines may be needed for proper sedge, and rush increase.
water application. Management of vegetation should be based on taking
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- half and leaving half of the total annual production. Seed-
rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com-
mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. ing is difficult and costly because numerous tillage prac-
Windbreaks and environmental plantins of trees and tices are required to eliminate the saltgrass sod.
shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well Switchgrass, western wheatgrass, alkali sacaton, tall
suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing wheatgrass, and tall fescue are suitable for seeding. They
vegetation should be continued for as many years as can be seeded into a clean, firm seedbed Seedbed
possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and preparation usually requires more that. 1 year to
have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern eliminate the saltgrass sod. A grass drill should be used.
redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and Seeding early in spring has proven most successful.
hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, Wetland wildlife, especially waterfowl, utilize this unit.
lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. The wetland plants provide nesting and protective cover,
This soil can produce habitat elements that are highly as well as some food. The nearby irrigated cropland,
suitable for openland wildlife including pheasant, cotton- where wildlife obtain much of their food and find protec-
tail, and mourning dove. Such crops as wheat, corn, and tive cover, makes this unit valuable to both wetland and
alfalfa provide suitable habitat for openland wildlife, openland wildlife.
especially pheasant Tree and shrub plantings and Openland wildlife, especially pheasant, use this unit for
undisturbed nesting cover would enhance openland wil- cover and nesting. Deer find excellent cover in some
dlife populations. areas.
This Altvan soil has fair to good potential for urban These valuable wildlife areas should be protected from
and recreational development. The chief limiting soil fea- fire and fenced to prevent encroachment and overuse by
tures for urban development are the shrink-swell poten- livestock. They should not be drained.
tial of the subsoil as it wets and dries and the rapid These soils have good potential as a source of sand and
permeability of the sand and gravel substratum. Septic gravel. Capability subclass Vlw; Salt Meadow range site.
tank absorption fields function properly, but in places the 4—Aquolls and Agaettr, flooded. This nearly level
substratum does not contain enough fines to properly map unit is in depressions in smooth plains and along the
filter the leachate. Sewage lagoons require sealing. bottoms of natural drainage ways throughout the survey
Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability subclass area. Aquolls, which have a dark colored surface layer,
Ile irrigated. make up about 55 percent of the unit. Aquept.s. which
3—Aquolls and Aquents, gravelly substratum. This have a lighter colored surface layer, make up about 25
learly level map unit is on bottom lands and flood plains percent. *bunt"En percent is soils that are well drained
of all the major streams in the survey area. Aquolls, and soils that have sandstone or shal• an i", . of
which have a dark colored surface layer, make up about the surface. EXHIBIT
991695 1 ol• 1
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART b
These are deep, poorly drained soils that formed in If summer fallowed in alternate years. this soil is well
recent alluvium. No one pedon is typical. Commonly the suited to whiter wheat, barley, and sorgf UM. Winter
soils have a mottled, mildly to moderately alkaline loamy wheat is the principal crop. The predicted average yield is
or clayey surface layer and underlying material that ex- 33 bushels per acre If the crop is reinter tilled, spring
tends to a depth of 60 inches or more. In places they have wheat can be seeded. Generally' p ecipitation i- too low
a gleyed layer in the underlying material. for beneficial use of fertilizer.
Most of the acreage is subject to excessive runoff The Stubble mulch farming. striperuppmg, LUAU a.mrriwn: !q
neat Cr table is at or near the surface in sprung and during lage are needed to control soil blotting aid a ater erosion,
the peak of the irrigation season. Te^racing also may be needed to control vat i--r erosion.
These soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The potential native vegetation o❑ this range site is
Some small areas are irrigated pasture. dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgriss and blue
The potential native vegetation is dominated by grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sndttoats grama,
switchgrass, prairie cordgrass, saltgrass, alkali sacaton, and western wheatgrass are alse prominent.. Poe(ntial
big bluestem, indiangrass, western wheatgrass, slender production ranges from 2,200 pounds per aim- in fri rora
wheatgrass, sedge. and rush. Cattails and bul rusli grow ble years to 1,500 pounds in unfavorable yeurs. As range
in th=e. swampy spots associated with these range sites. condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem situ reedp r ,ss.
Pot is tial production ranges from 4,000 pounds per acre in and switchgr ns dec•r-as, and blue gritm x r 'lr rl e,-r1.
far.aible years to 3,00(1 pounds in unfae.irabre veaia_ As "nil sand sage increase Annual r e l aid K a ,e-s u''''''
mid:: he site as ange comfit-Ina s be•s a iii PC M
i �,. .ondition deteriorate e s, the tali rm n. grasses
d., ruse, production drops, and saltgrass, sedge, and rush
Management of vegetation ge tation sl oil.. Le l 1 it ,kiiif;
in_r ease_ The farming and irrigation in adjacent areas has
half and leaving halt of int. total annum p. tontine -.1
increased the amount of salts on much of the acreage. rip; Ss desirable if the range its in pap condition 4a;,ut
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based bluestem, sand reedgracs, swrt hyrax, sr i o tits kit aria,
blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass and cirsce:z whe•at
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
tior:. Switchgrass, big bluestem, indiangrass, western
grass are suitable for seeding the grass selected stoold
he
w heatgrass, pubescent wheatgrass, intermediate wheat- meet the seasonal requirement u: live st c. k 't can
ra tall wheat rass and tall fescue are suitable for seeded into a clean heir saigi a s it tali or. it ern 'ar
g' =s g drilled into a Finn. prepared seer Lein_ Se• ,iiiig ear i it.
seeping The plants selected should nit the :not al spring has proven most surcea fiat
requirements of livestock.. For successful seeding, a firm Windbreaks and envh-oivnd,al piantiags ace gybe ra'l
prepared seedbed is needed. A grass drill should be used. suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the •,iincrea hazard h.
Seeding early in spring has proven most successful_ 'cm establishing trees and snrubs, cat be torni.oi!ed by col
lage is needed to eliminate the undesirable vegetation_ riveting only in the. tree non and by leaving a strip of
Wetland wildlife, especially waterfowl, utilize this unit. vegetation between the roses. Supplemental irrigation
The wetland plants provide nesting and protective cover may be needed at the i,inie of planing and durink ti rni
as Nell as some food. The nearby irrigated cropland, periods. Trees that are best suited anti have good survival
where wildlife obtain much of thew food and find protec- are Rocky Mountain juilper, eastern red.e;ia1. PUod.'rosa
five cover, makes this unit valuable to both wetland and pine, Siberian elm, Russian olive., anal ha •hl.ierrl_ Tht•
open[and w ildiife. shrubs best suited are sh,unkaush sine at, lithe. and Sidi' ,
Cpenland wildlife, especially pheasant, use this unit for an peashrub.
cove • and nesting. Deer find excellent cover in some Wildlife is an important secondary use of this sop 'fns
areas. These valuable wildlife areas should be protected cropland areas provide Favorable habitat to ring-n:'chrd
from fire and fenced to prevent encroachment and pleasant and mourning dove_ Many norgau.e species can
overuse by livestock. They should not be drained. Capa- be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
bility subclass VIw; Aquolls in Salt Meadow range site, cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen
Aqu:lpts in Wet Meadow range site t.ial and should be included in plans to,- h: iiit at deeeli,p-
ii -Ascalon sandy loans 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is inent. Rangeland w-ildlif, for esamrii' the uni ig-htiru an-
t ,Ie.,p, well drained soil or uplands at -,. ul i,ti00 ,efopt, ca:, hrt attra 4.eJ d. Item:_ : .r I' m ..ei;ng
to 5.200 feet.. It formed in alluvium include,: r., n ,gipine facilities, managinfi b, .•stun ri gi-it •t. „ ii i e.se.-t..,„
art ::mall areas of rock outcrop. nacre needed_
Typically the surface layer is brown s,utdr daani about Few areas of this Asc plan sou: are n [MI I Lr grew-r, aua
lb inches thick. The subsoil is pale brown a'ni yellowish urbanized eentens_ The =ihrinh sw,I; potential of th, situ
boor-a sandy cla. loam about 15 inches t hi.'I 'Inc sub 5,.11 as it wets and drita is the •r ist lit ti:m., soil f. ;,. LT -
stratum to a depth of' (di inches is calcareous tine sand,c It at must be consitlere.i in planning Cut .it., am
loan strutting roads. ( apabilitr ::eat.. ilk I. .idrrinai
Pt rmeability ie 1 so,-rate A aiiahl.. : .t r,,,..!:,di is Saudo t'1 in. ra=:ge site
nig.t The effectrae rood ing deptl, i. tin iliel..... f,‘ f: t*--Aseatun sand, r oen., I in <, nee ,i.—• ..
-.sat r.ti:of- si, t and the i t.,:Lo_ 1 . L ., t, ( ..... ..
WELD COUNTY, COl_OdADo, zotcuefiN 1'A01 17
Typically the surface layer of this Colombo soil is dark Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
grayish brown clay loam about 14 inches thick. The upper cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
7 inches of the underlying material is pale brown pheasant and mourning dove. Many >aangame species can
stratified clay loam and loam. The lower part to a depth be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
of 60 inches is very pale brown loam stratified with thin cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cFner is essen-
lenses of fine sand, medium sand, and clay loam_ Dal and should be included in plaits for habitat develop--
Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is went, especially, in areas of intensive agricul:.a Range--
high. Tne effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. land wildlife, for example, :he pro'ghor I :one ale. can be
Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low. attracted by developing livestock watering facilities.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops coo-
Where this soil is on flood plains and is susceptible to
managing livestock grazing, and reseeding whore needed.
monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets,
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- flooding, it has poor potential for unbar; and recreational
pie of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa development. On the higher terraces, potential is fair.
Dwelling and road designs may need to be modified to
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain,
compensate for the limited capacity of this son to support
or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing
may he needed for proper water application.
a load and to protect it against frost action t'.apability
pipelines P Psofa ass Ile irrigated, ft le nonu r€,ated; l,'aye=y I lairs
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow h'-
range star.
rigatior is the most common. Barnyard manure and :aim- 21 --Dacono clay loam, 1) to I percent slopes. T!us id ::
mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. deep, well drained ,oil on terraces at elevations „f 1,SF'tl
In nonirrigated areas this soil is well suited to winter to 4.970 feet. It formed 'n mixed ;Liu vi um. Ir:eluded in
wheat, barley, and sorghum if it is summer {allowed in al- mapping are small, long and narrow areas of sand :Led
tertate years. Winter wheat is the principal crop. The gravel deposits and some small leveled areas.
predicted average yield is 33 bushels per acre. If the crop Typically the surface layer of this Dacono soil is gray-
is winterkilled, spring wheat can be seeded. Generally ish brown clay loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is
precipitation is too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. grayish brown clay loam about 15 inches thick. The sub-
Stubole mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- stratum is very gravelly sand_
lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. Permeability is moderately slow. Available water
Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. capacity is moderate. The ffechve rooting depth is SC to
The potential native vegetation is dominated by /0 inches. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard
western wheatgrass. Blue grama, switchgrass, sand is low.
reedgrass, big bluestem, slender wheatgrass, indiangrass, This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
and green needlegrass are also present. Potential produc- is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ-
tion ranges from 1,000 pounds per acre in favorable years ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
to full) pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
deteriorates., the tall grasses decrease, blue grama and to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn fir silage..
buffaiograss increase, and forage production drops. Un- nagrar beets, small graiii, Jr beans Generally, such eharac
desirable weeds and annuals invade the site and erosion teristics as a high clay content or a rapidly permeable
substratum slightly restrict sonic crops.
can occur as range condition becomes poorer.
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but. furrow hi-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer-
nigxtion is the most common. Proper irrigation water
Lion_ Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition.
Western wheatgrass, switchgrass, sand reedgrass, foal fertilizer are needed for top yields.
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and
sideoats grama, pubescent wheatgrass, intermediate
shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
wheatgrass, and blue grama are suitable for seeding. The suited to this soil. Cultivationto control competing
grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of vegetation should be continued for as many years as
livestock. It can be seeded into a firm prepared seedbed. possible 1'::dlowing planting Trees that are best suited nnrt
A grass drill should be used. Seeding early in spring has have goon survival are Rocky Mountain junipe., eastern
proven most successful reJeedar, ponderosa pine, t'ibernan elm, Russian-olive, anti
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skutkbush sumac,
shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well lilac. Siberian peashrab, and American plum.
suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing ppenland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove.,
vegetation should be continued for as many years as and cottontail are best suited to this soil. Wildlife habitat
possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and development, including tree and shrub plantings anu
have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be sue-
redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and ressfui without irrigation during most ii ear . lI rider i-
hackberr;,-. The shrub- best suited are sknnkbush sumac rig]tie , gore i e".i:dlife habitat can be estaolis'e< , benefit
lilac, S-he r t n r.a-.bra b. an_l A:ut t ban plan.. u E ; 'alkali:, of ripe n lard wildfire.
SOIL ci-RVpv
This soil has only fair potential for urban and recrea- prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has proven
tional development. Above the sand and gravel sub- most successful.
stratum the soil has moderate to high shrink sw ell. low Windbreaks and enyironrnental plantings of trees and
strength, and moderately slow permeability. These fea- shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
tures create problems in dwelling and road construction. suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
Excessive permeability in the substratum can cause con- vegetation should be continued for as many years as
tamination of the ground water supply from septic tank possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
leach fields. Sewage lagoons need to be lined. Capability have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
subclass Its irrigated. redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and
22--Dacono clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac,
deep, well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,550 lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
to 4,970 feet It formed in mixed alluvium. Included in Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove.
mapping are small, long and narrow areas of sand and and cottontail, are best suited to this soil. Wildlife habitat
gravel deposits and some small leveled areas. development, including tree and shrub plantings and
Typically the surface layer of this Dacono soil is gray- grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be sue-
ish brown clay loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is cessful without irrigation during most years. Under ir
grayish brown clay loam about 15 inches thick. The sub- rigation, good wildlife habitat can established, benefiting
stratum is very gravelly sand. many kinds of openland wildlife. Rangeland wildlife, for
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water example, the pronghorn antelope, can be attracted by
capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to developing livestock watering facilities, managing
40 inches. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
hazard is low. This soil has only fair potential for urban and recrea-
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- tional development.. Above the sand and gravel sub-
monly grown in the area. including corn, sugar beets, stratum the soil has a moderate to high shrink-swell
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- potential, low strength; and moderately slow permeability.
ple of a. suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa These features create problems in dwelling and road con-
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, struction. Excessive permeability in the substratum can
or beans. Generally, such characteristics as a high clay cause contamination of the ground water supply from
content or a rapidly permeable substratum slightly septic tank leach fields. Sewage lagoons need to be lined.
restrict some crops. Capability subclass Ile irrigated, Jilt nonirrigated;
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- Clayey Plains range site.
rgatior is the most common. Proper irrigation water 23---Fort Collins loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a
management is essential. Barnyard manure and coinmer- deep, well drained soil on terraces and smooth plains at
cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. elevations of 4,500 to 5,050 feet. It formed in alluvium
1n nonirrigated areas most of the acreage is in small modified by thin eolian deposits. Included in mapping are
grain snd is summer fallowed in alternate years. Winter some small leveled areas and few small areas of a soil
wheat is the principal crop. The predicted average yield is that is calcareous at the surface.
3R busnels per acre. if the crop is winterkilled, spring Typically the surface layer of this Fort Collins soil is
wheat can he seeded. Generally precipitation is too low grayish brown loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil is
for beneficial use of fertilizer. brown and very pale brown clay loam and loam about 20
Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- inches thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is
rn, are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. fine sandy loam.
The potential native vegetation is dominated by Permeability is moderate. A vailahle water capacity is
western wheatgrass and blue grams. Buffalograss is also high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more.
present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low.
per acre in favorable years to 600 pounds in unfavorable This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buf- is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ-
falograss sod forms Undesirable weeds and annuals in- ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
wade the site as range condition becomes poorer. and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage.
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- sugar beets, small grain, or beans. FEW conservation prac-
rion. Range pitting can help in reducing runoff. Seeding is tices are needed to maintain top yields.
desirable if the range is in poor condition. Western All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
wheatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pu- rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and corn-
hescent wheatgrass. and crested wheatgrass are suitable menial fertilizer are needed for too yields.
for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and
requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean. shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
firm sorghum stubble or it can be drilled into a firm suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
28 sett. `;tBvrY
40--Nunn loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep, vegetation should be continued for as many years as
well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,550 to 5,000 possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
feet. It formed in mixed alluvium. Included in mapping have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern
are small, long and narrow areas of sand and gravel redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and
deposits and small areas of soils that are subject to occa- hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkliush sumac.
sional flooding. Some leveled areas are also included. lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
brown loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is light cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked
brownish gray clay loam about 12 inches thick. The upper pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can
part of the substratum is light brownish gray clay loam. be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is brown sandy cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
loam. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water merit, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range-
capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
hazard is low. managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed.
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop-
monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, merit. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength,
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- and moderately slow permeability. These features create
ple of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the
or beans. Generally such characteristics as a high clay substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields
content. or a rapidly permeable substratum slightly and foundations. Some areas of this soil are adjacent to
restrict some crops. streams and are subject to occasional flooding The poi en
All methods of irrigation are suitable, hut furrow ir- tial is fair for such recreational development as camp and
rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water picnic areas and playgrounds. Capability subclass Ile ir
management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer- rigated, IIk nonirriga.ted; Loamy Plains range site.
cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. 41—Nunn clay loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a
Most nonirrigated areas are used for small grain. The deep, well drained soil on terraces and smooth plains at
soil is summer fallowed in alternate years. Winter wheat elevations of 4,550 to 5,150 feet.. It formed in mixed allu-
is the principal crop. If the crop is winterkilled, spring vfum and eolian deposits. Included in mapping are small,
wheat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is too low long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits and
for beneficial use of fertilizer. small areas of soils that are subject -o occasional flooding.
Such practices a.s stubble mulch farming. striperopping, Some small leveled areas are also included.
and minimum tillage are needed to control soil blowing Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish
and water erosion. brown clay loam about 9 inches thick. The subsoil is light
The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue brownish gray clay loam about 14 inches thick. The upper
grama. Several mid grasses, such as western wheatgrass part of the substratum is clay loam. The lower part to a
and needleandthread, are also present. Potential product- depth of 60 inches is sandy loam.
Lion ranges from 161)0 pounds per acre in favorable years Permeability is moderately slew. Available water
to 1,080 pounds in unravel-811c years. As range condition capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches
deteriorates, the mid grasses de(reuse: bine grama. bid- or more, Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is
falograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase: low.
and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- 'Phis soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It
nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ-
Management of vegetation on this soil should be based ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes,
on taking half and leaving half of the total annual product and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3
don. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage,
Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass, blue sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac-
grama pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are tires are needed to maintain top yields.
suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir-
seasonal requirements of livestock. It can he seeded into rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com-
a clean, firm sorghum stubble. or it can he drilled into a mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields.
firm prepared seedbed. S,rling early in spring has Windbreaks and environmental plantings Al trees and
proven most successful shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well
Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well vegetation should be continued for as many years as
suited to this soil. ('ultivation to control competing possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 29
have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern The potential native vegetation is dominated by
redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and western wheatgrass and blue grama. Puffalograss is also
hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, present. Potential production ranges from 1,000 pounds
lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. per acre in favorable years to 6O11 pounds in unfavorable
Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The years. As range condition deteriorates, a blue grama-buf
cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked falograss sod forms. Undesirable weeds and annuals in-
pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can vade the site as range condition becomes poorer.
be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape Management of vegetation of this soil should be based
cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc-
tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- don. Range pitting can help in reducing runoff. Seeding is
ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. desirable if the range is in poor condition. Western
This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop- wheatgrass, blue grama, sideoats grama, buffalograss, pu-
ment. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength, hescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable
and moderately slow permeability. These features create for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal
problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas requirements of livestock. It can he seeded mini; a clean,
that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a firm
substratum are suitable fur septic tank absorption fields prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has ;paver_
and foundations. Some areas of this soil are adjacent to most successful.
streams and arc subject to occasional flooding. The poten- Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally
tial is fair for such recreational development as camp and well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing
picnic areas and playgrounds. Capability class 1 irrigated. vegetation should be continued for ;s many years a:;
12—Nunn clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and
deep, well drained soil on terraces and smooth plains at have good survival are Rocky Mountain jumper, eastern
elevations of 4,550 to 5,150 feet. It formed in mixed allu- redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and
vium and eolian deposits. Included in mapping are small, hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac,
long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits and lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum.
small areas of soils that are subject to occasional flooding. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The
ilot.e h veled areas are also included. eroplar(I areas provide favorable habitat Cur ring-necked
Topically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish pheasant and mourning clove. Many nongame species can
brown clay loam aobut 9 inches thick. The subsoil is light be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape
brownish gray clay loam about 14 inches thick. The upper cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen-
part of the substratum is light brownish gray clay loam. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop-
The lower part to a depth of 6O inches is brown sandy went, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range
loam. land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be
Permeability is moderately slow. Available water attracted by developing livestock watering facilities,
capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 6O inches managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed_
or more_ Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop-
hazard is low_ meat. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength,
In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops corn- and moderately slow permeability. 'these features create
manly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, problems in dwelling and road construction Those areas
beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the
pie of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields
followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, and foundations. Some areas of this soil are adjacent to
or beans. Generally such characteristics as the high clay streams and are subject to occasional flooding. The poten--
content or the rapidly permeable substratum slightly tial is fair for such recreational development as camp and
restrict some crops. picnic areas and playgrounds. Capability subclass Ile ir-
All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- rigated, IIIc nonirrigated; Clayey Plains range site.
rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water 43 -Nunn loamy sand, 0 to I percent slopes. This is a
management is essential. Barnyard manure and coalmen- deep, well drained soil on terraces at. 'elevations of 4,700
vial fertilizer are needed for top yields. to 4,900 feet. It formed in alluvium along Box Elder
In nonirrigated areas roust of the acreage is in small Creek. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that.
grain and it is summer (allowed in alternate years. have a loamy subsoil and small areas of soils that are sub-
Winter w neat is the principal crop. The predicted average ject to rare flooding.
yield is 33 bushels per acre. If the crop is winterkilled, Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is brown
slit eel eat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is too loamy sand overburden about 9 inches thick. The subsoil
for bt'nefieial use of fertilizer. is dark to very dark grayish brown chat loam about 21
._.,;male mule., farming striperupping. and minimum if- inches thick. The substratum to depth el Ott inches its
!-�' .t- ? ceded to control son! bloc,ing and water ercai ,:S teavn_ very fine sand, loam r -and, ,r sat
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