HomeMy WebLinkAbout20011472.tiff CAROL Harding - Request by Noxious Weed Control Advisory Board Page 1
From: BRUCE Barker
To: CHARDING, NORTHDOMAIN.NORTHPOST.RBRODA
Date: 11/1/00 4:01 PM
Subject: Request by Noxious Weed Control Advisory Board
See the attached reso and letter(for Ron to send). Ron: we need to check to see if the board is the
"Noxious Weed Management Advisory Board"or the"Noxious Weed Control Advisory Board." The reso
is patterned off a reso the Board approved on October 31, 1994. Let me know if you need anything else.
Bruce.
OR2O aCO/-a
2001-1472
CAROL Harding_ PRE-PUBLICATION OF WEED ORDINANCE`Reply. Page 1
From: BRUCE Barker
To: CHARDING@CENTDOMAIN.CENTPOST,
Date: 11/20/00 8:37AM
Subject: PRE-PUBLICATION OF WEED ORDINANCE-Reply
The 14 days is fine. We need 30 days for compliance with 35-5.5-108. If we have 14 up front, we then
still have 16+built into our reading schedule, so we meet the 30 by the 3rd reading. I think that's OK.
Bruce.
>>> CAROL Harding 11/17/00 11:19am >>>
Bruce,
It appears we pre-published (30 days notice) Ord 169-A; owever, we did not pre-publish Ord 169 when we
first did it. So, my question is whether it needs to be pre-published or not. If so, how long before is
required, 30 days or 14 days?
As you know,we're working to get Ord 169-B ready,but before I can set up dates for reading, I need to
know pre-publication requirements.
Thanks.
Carol
RDINANCE NO. 8
PD
IN THE MATTER OF REPEALING AND REENACTING l l�
THE ry
UNDESIRABLE PLANT NOXIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE COUNTY OF D�
WELD, STATE OF COLORADO
BE IT ORDAINED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF THE COUNTY OF -r'
WELD, STATE OF COLORADO:
WHEREAS, the Board of County Commissioners of the County of Weld, State of
Colorado, pursuant to Colorado statute and the Weld County Home Rule Charter, is vested with
the authority of administering the affairs of the County of Weld, State of Colorado, and
WHEREAS, on May 4, 1002 APRIL 1, 1996, the Board of County Commissioners
adopted Weld County Ordinance 169-A, which became effective May 12, 1002 APRIL 9, 1996,
and which provides for the adoption and enforcement of an iindesiFable-plai ,marogement plan
in Weld County, and yam- r N'S rc7,-.{4
Ov 1.ns.,� 1�'-C IdG.-�i �}) I - , t,l
WHEREAS, - _____ ,� designates five (5)TEN (10) weed species as r�.'�
undesirable and ma dated for management in Weld County, those being: Leafy Spurge 1
(Euphorbia esula), Ru napweed (Acroptilon repens), Diffuse Knapweed (Centaurea r-I<,--i-iw�
diffusa), Spotted Knapweed ( ea maculosa), Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense), and vJ, 1 �
Musk Thistle (Carduus nutans), WHIT CARDARIA DRABA), WILD PROSO MILLET
(PANICUM MILIACEUM), SCOTCH THISTLE OPORDUM ACANTHIUM) AND FIELD c— -�CcZ>)
BINDWEED (CONVOLVULUS ARVENSIS), and / � ('IGj)--)
WHEREAS,WHEREAS, upon the recommendation of the Weld County Undesirable Plant NOXIOUS
WEED Management Advisory Board, the Board of County Commissioners hereby finds and
determines that there is a need to add two ONE weed species to the list of those currently
designated as undesirable NOXIOUS and mandated for management in Weld County, the two
additions being: Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) and Scotch Thistle (Onopordum
acanthium) ADDITION BEING DALMATIAN TOADFLAX (LINARIA DALMATICA) AND
REMOVAL OF TWO WEED SPECIES, WILD PROSO MILLET (PANICUM MILIACEUM) AND
WHITETOP (CARDARIA DRABA),
8rdinanee-t69 , and
WHEREAS, upon further recommendation of the Weld County Undesirable Plant
NOXIOUS WEED Management Advisory Board, the Board of County Commissioners hereby
finds and determines that there is a need to make other revisions to the Weld County
Undesirable Plant NOXIOUS WEED Management Plan, thereby requiring the repeal and
reenactment otbs'aid-e-dinalice-1-69"7L,
t-t_evc-i-n,- trs Ce;v\ .
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT O �INED, by the Board of County Commissioners of the,
County of Weld,State of Colorado, that Weld County 1&9-,�;-adepted-May
y be, and hereb� epealed and, by and through this rdinance 169-A
B, be, and hereby reenacted, as foll �' >
ARTICLE 1 --WELD COUNTY harcrm
UNDESIRABLE PLANT NOXIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT PLAN
I. INTRODUCTION
A. DESCRIPTION OF THE H COLORADO UNEIESI WEED MANAGEMENT ACT
The Colorado t dent WEED Ac , CRS §35-5.5-40-1 TOlett-
et. seq., (hereinafter"the Act") states that certain un be t s WEEDS pose a threat to
the continued economic and environmental value of the land in Colorado and that they must be
060121
ORD169-B
, d'..
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 2
managed by all landowners in the state. The undesirable plants designated for mandatory
management statewide are: Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esule), Russian Knapwecd (Acroptilon
repens), Diffuse Knapweed (Centaureo diffusa) and Spotted Knapwecd (Centauree maculosa).-
Additional weed species may be added to the state list by each local jurisdiction. The Act
states such that local governments (cities and counties) are directed to take the necessary
steps to manage the undesirable plants NOXIOUS WEEDS in their respective jurisdictions.
They are further directed to appoint an advisory commission whose responsibilities are
threefold:
1. Develop recommended management criteria and integrated weed
management plans for managing the designated undesirable plants
NOXIOUS WEEDS;
2. Recommend the addition, if necessary, of undesirable plants NOXIOUS
WEEDS that shall be subject to integrated management;
3. Recommend to the county commissioners the names of those
landowners who shall be required to submit integrated weed
management plans for managing the undesirable plants NOXIOUS
WEEDS on their property.
The Act further states that byJaaua each local governing body is to
-havgLdevelope4,and adoptegtank esirabl nt A NOXIOUS WEED
Management Plan for all lands within its jurisdictional boundaries.
DESCRIPTION OF THE COUNTY OF WELD WEED PROBLEM
A. WEED SPECIES IN WELD COUNTY TO BE CONTROLLED, PURSUANT TO COLORADO
WEED CONTROL LAWS MANAGEMENT ACT
The Pest Control Districts Law (CRS 35-5 104) enabled landowners in each
county the ability, through a lengthy petitioning and balloting process, to
establish weed control districts. Within each weed district, designated species
are mandated to be controlled. In Weld County, nine such wecd districts exist.•
The districts occur in the lower two thirds of the County, and the weed species
designated for control range from three to seven species, depending upon the
wccd district. PURSUANT TO THE COLORADO WEED MANAGEMENT
ACT(CRS 35-5.5.101,et.seq), WELD COUNTY HAS FORMED THE WELD
COUNTY NOXIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT ADVISORY BOARD T44,QEVELOP
AND RECOMMEND A NOXIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT PLAN ANDIREVIEW
SAID PLAN AT LEAST EVERY THREE (3) YEARS. THERE ARE NINE (9)
WEED SPECIES THAT ARE DESIGNATED FOR MANAGEMENT IN WELD
COUNTY AS FOLLOWS: The weed species that are currently being managed in
at least a part of Weld County are as follows:
Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula),
Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense),
Musk Thistle (Carduus nutans),
Field Bindweed (Convolvolus arvensis),
Whitetop (Cardaria drabo),
Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens)
Wild Proso Millet(Panicum miliaccum)
000121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 3
SCOTCH THISTLE (ONOPORDUM ACANTHIUM)
DIFFUSE KNAPWEED (CENTAUREA DIFFUSA)
SPOTTED KNAPWEED (CENTAUREA MACULOSA)
DALMATIAN TOADFLAX (LINARIA DALMATICA)
Under the Act (CRS §35 5.5 101,-et seq.), there are four weed species which are
mandated for county wide management. They are Leafy Spurge, and Russian, Diffu3c
and Spotted Knapweed.- Canada Thistle, Musk Thistle, Scotch Thistle and field
Bindweed arc added to the county wide undesirable plant list by this Ordinance 169 A,
in accordance with CRS §35 5.5-108(3).
Of the weed species listed previously ABOVE, Canada Thistle, Field Bindweed, Leafy
Spurge, Musk AND SCOTCH ThistleS-AND Russian Knapweed, Whitetop and Wild
Proso Millet cover the most acreage in Weld County and pose the greatest economic
and environmental threat to the county. Diffuse Knapweed is currently localized to a few
drainages and rights-of-way in the southwest part of the County, and there is one known
Spotted Knapweed infestation in the County. DALMATIAN TOADFLAX IS APPEARING
IN THE NORTHWEST PART OF THE COUNTY.
III. OBJECTIVES AND GOALS
A. STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the Weld County Public Works Department with respect to
weed management in Weld County are fourfold:
1. Develop and carry out a comprehensive noxious weed control program
on all county rights-of-way and other county property, such as in sand
and gravel mining operations, grader shed lots and open space areas.
2. Establish an educational program, by using mailings and holding
educational and calibration seminars, that will effectively communicate
weed management information to the landowners in the County.
3. Identify non-informed or negligent landowners who are not carrying out
weed management programs on their property and provide technical
support for establishing weed management plans or enforce on
properties, if necessary.
4. Work with all state and federal agencies, through intergovernmental
agreements, if necessary, towards establishing effective weed
management programs on their property.
B. SHORT TERM GOALS— (January 1995 2000 to December 1998 2004)
1. Map all the County roads for noxious weed infestations. ANNUALLY
UPDATE THE MAP OF THE COUNTY ROADS FOR NOXIOUS WEED
INFESTATIONS.
2. Map on a computer program at least half of the landowners that have
960121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 4
Leafy Spurge, Canada Thistle and Russian Knapweed infestations.
3. 2. Continue to establish contact with landowners on the South Platte and
Poudre Rivera ALONG WATERWAYS AND OTHER
ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS who have noxious weed
infestations.
4. 3. Establish educational/calibration seminars (annually) that work directly
with 150-200 landowners each year.
5. 4. Have established contact with the Colorado Department of I lighways
TRANSPORTAION, Department of Parks and Recreation, Colorado Land
Board, Division of Wildlife and U.S. Forest Service. Help them develop
Weed Management Plans and where appropriate enter into cooperative
intergovernmental agreements.
5. CONTINUE TO SHARE WEED CONTROL COSTS WITH
LANDOWNERS AS FUNDS ARE AVAILABLE THROUGH CURRENT
STATE GRANTS DESIGNATED FOR SUCH PURPOSE. ADDITIONAL
FUNDS MAY BE SOUGHT TO CONTINUE OFFERING THE SAME OR
SIMILAR COST-SHARE PROGRAM AS MAY BE APPROPRIATE.
6. DEVELOP INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENTS WITH COMMUNITIES
THROUGHOUT THE COUNTY FOR WEED MANAGEMENT ALONG
RURAL ROAD RIGHTS-OF-WAY.
7. Have established oix to cight 150-200 biological control release sites
throughout the county in cooperation with the Colorado Department of
Agriculture and private landowners.
8. By 1005 2003, have reduced the noxious weed acreage sprayed on
county rights-of-way by 15 20 10-15%.
C. LONG TERM GOALS—(January 1999 2005 to December 2002 07)
1. Have mapped on the computer program most noxious weed infestations
county wide, including private, state and federal lands.
2. 1. Have reduced the noxious weed acreage sprayed on county
rights-of-way by 40-50 30-40%.
3. 2. Have contacted and worked with most landowners county-wide who have
a noxious weed infestation.
4. 3. Have established 30 50 400-500 biological control release sites in the
county.
IV. PLAN OF WORK - IMPLEMENTATION
A. DESCRIPTION OF INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 5
The weed species designated as undesirable NOXIOUS and mandated for
management are Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula), Canada Thistle (Cirsium
arvense), Musk Thistle (Carduus nutans), Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)
� Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens), Scotch Thistle (Onopordum acanthium)
l Diffuse Knapweed (Centaurea diffusa), Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea
maculosa), and DALMATIAN TOADFLAX (LINARIA DALMATICA). Integrated
weed management methods are to be used in managing these weed species
(CRS §35-5.5-107). Integrated management techniques include education;
preventive measures; and control measures including cultural, mechanical,
biological and chemical control. For the purposes of this plan the following
definitions for the control measures will be used.
1. Cultural Control means those methodologies or management practices
conducted to favor the growth of desirable plants over undesirable plants,
including, but not limited to, maintaining an optimum fertility and plant
moisture status in an area, planting at optimum density and spatial
arrangement in an area, and planting species most suited to an area.
2. Mechanical Control means those methodologies or management
practices that physically disrupt plant growth, including, but not limited to,
tilling, mowing, burning, flooding, mulching, hand-pulling and hoeing.
3. Biological Control means the use of organisms such as sheep, goats,
cattle, insects and plant diseases to disrupt the growth of undesirable
plants.
4. Chemical Control means the use of herbicides or plant growth
regulators to disrupt the growth of undesirable plants.
Management of the various undesirable plants NOXIOUS WEEDS will vary
depending upon the site where the plantS is ARE located. Management options
for each weed species will be developed for each site. The integrated
management options listed below are meant to provide various management
techniques for controlling the noxious weeds in the various environmental sites
they are found. By no means are all the management options mentioned.
Additional combinations of management techniques are possible which may be
submitted by private landowners. The integrated weed management plans
submitted by individual landowners will be evaluated by the Weld County
Vegetation Management Specialist and the Integrated Weed Management
Advisory Commission on a casepy case basis. IF A DISPUTE REGARDING A
MANAGEMENT PLAN ARISE ARBITRATION PANEL MA*-B6-,
-REQUESTED TO DETERMINE'T INAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (CRS 35-
5.5-109(4)(IIIT-I4ROLIGH-(53(e)(lk
B. INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR EACH WEED SPECIES a2,,x s-j, J
LEAFY SPURGE: Leafy Spurge is a deep rooted perennial plant that spreads by
seeds and creeping roots. It has a vast underground root system which makes
it difficult to control with any one control technique. Leafy Spurge is found
primarily in riparian sites (along waterways such as the Poudre and South Platte
Rivers) in Weld County and also along irrigation ditches, range and pastures,
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 6
roadsides and other non-cropland sites.
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Seeding perennial grasses and forbs can be
an effective management tool. Early emerging plant species that
utilize early season moisture such as Smooth Brome (Bromus
inermis), STREAMBANK WHEATGRASS, LUNA PUBESCENT
WHEATGRASS, WESTERN WHEATGRASS, SHERMAN BIG
BLUEGRASS OR BOZOISKY RUSSIAN WILD RYE or Created
Wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) have reduced Leafy Spurge
density and limited the spread and establishment of new
infestation. Sequential glyphosate applications followed by a
seeding of Luna rubesccnt Whcatgrass, Cphraim Created
Wheatgrass, Intermediate Wheatgrass, Sherman Big Bluegrass or
Bozoiaky Russian Wild Rye THE ABOVE SPECIES has shown to
be very effective in reducing an existing stand of Leafy Spurge.
b. Mechanical Control: Mechanical control of Leafy Spurge is
difficult at best; however, repeated mowing every 14-21 days
throughout the summer, starting before flowering stage, will at
least keep the plants from going to seed and may reduce the
underground root reserve. HOWEVER, MOWING HAS SHOWN
TO STIMULATE NEW SHOOT GROWTH FROM ROOTS.
CONSEQUENTLY, MOWING ALONE MAY INCREASE SHOOT
DENSITY IN AN ESTABLISHED STAND. WHETHER
CONSISTENT MOWING FOR CONSECUTIVE YEARS (TWO TO
THREE YEARS) WILL REDUCE THE ROOT MASS AND
SUBSEQUENTLY REDUCE AN EXISTING STAND IS
UNKNOWN. Research results are not available to indicate
whether stand reduction or eradication could be achieved through
use of this technique.
c. Biological Control: Grazing with sheep and goats throughout
the spring, summer, and fall will keep Leafy Spurge from going to
seed and may reduce the underground root reserve. This
practice may also weaken the plants to make them more
susceptible to chemical control.
Several insect species that have been released by the USDA in
the United States are showing some control of Leafy Spurge.
Two NUMEROUS species of flea beetles, Apthona flava and
Apthona nigriscutis SPP., feed on Leafy Spurge. Adults feed on
the foliage during the summer and the larvae burrow through the
soil and mine the roots and fine root hairs. These insects used
alone may not control Leafy Spurge. When used along with other
insects such as Spurgia esula, a gall midge which feeds on the
flowers preventing seed production, they will weaken the plant
and make it more susceptible to other control methods,
particularly chemical control.
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 7
d. Chemical Control: There are a number of herbicides labeled for
use on Leafy Spurge. Those that can be used independently or in
combination with each other are: picloram (Tordon®); dicamba
(I3anvcl CLARITY®); IMAZAPIC (PLATEAU®); 2,4-D (many
different formulations); glyphosate (Roundup®and Rodeo®);
fosamine (Krenite®) and any OTHER EPA approved chemicals
labeled for use on Leafy Spurge.
2. Integrated Management Options by Site
a. Range, Pasture and Riparian Sites
Option #1 Biological and Chemical Control: Grazing with
sheep or goats from early April through late August or early
September, followed by a herbicide treatment in late September
or early October.
Option #2 Biological and Chemical Control: The release of
insects such as Apthona nigriscutis, Apthone flava, A.
LACERTOSA, A. CYPERISSIAE, Spurgia Esula, and other
species conducive to the area can be made. A herbicide
treatment can then be made during the true flower stage (where
inaecta were not releaacd)and in the fall AT SITES where insects
were NOT released. I lerbicide applications should only be carried
out in the fall whcrc insects are used. Usc of hcrbicidc3 at
different times if the growing season can be instituted as
additional IPM research is conducted and recommendations are
developed.
Option #3 Mechanical and Chemical Control: Mowing can be
carried out throughout the season with the first mowing cycle at
the bud stage. Mowing should stop during late August followed
by a herbicide treatment during late September or early October
(before a hard freeze).
Option #4 Biological or Mechanical Control Only: The use of
sheep or goats or mowing should be used all season to keep
Leafy Spurge from going to seed. Whether this method will keep
the existing infestation from spreading by underground root
growth is uncertain.
Option #5 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides should be used
in the spring, early summer during the true flower stage and in the
fall just before a hard freeze. Only the herbicides labeled for the
site intended will be used.
b. Along Irrigation Ditches
Option #1 Biological and Chemical Control: The release of
in3ecta such 83 Apthona nigriscuti3, Apthono flava, Spurgio C3ulo
and other species conducive to the area could be made. An
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 8
herbicide treatment should be carried out at the true flower stage
(if the Spurgia Esula has not kept the plants from going to seed)
and/or in the fall just before a hard freeze.
Option #2 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides can be used in
the spring Of, early summer during the true flower stage and in
the fall just before a hard freeze. Only the herbicides labeled for
the site intended will be used.
c. Road Rights-of-Way and Other Non-Crop Areas
Option #1 Mechanical and Chemical Control: One mowing
cycle can be carried out at the bud to early flower stage. A
herbicide application should be made at the true flower stage.
Option #2 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides can be used in
the spring or early summer during the true flower stage and in the
fall just before a hard freeze. Only the herbicides labeled for use
on roadsides and other non-cropland areas would WILL be used.
RUSSIAN KNAPwEED: Russian Knapweed is a non-native perennial plant that
spreads by seeds and creeping roots. It has the ability to release chemicals into
the environment as foliage decays which inhibit the growth of surrounding
vegetation (allelopathic properties). Thus, once established, Russian Knapweed
can colonize an area rapidly. Russian Knapweed is found primarily in range and
pastures, roadsides and other non-cropland sites in Weld County.
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Seeding perennial grasses such as Smooth
Brome (Bromus inermis), STREAMBANK WHEATGRASS, LUNA
PUBESCENT WHEATGRASS, WESTERN WHEATGRASS,
SHERMAN BIG BLUEGRASS OR BOZOISKY RUSSIAN WILD
RYE will help to compete with Russian Knapweed and slow its
spread. In addition, stimulating grass growth by fertilizing and/or
irrigation should increase grass competition. Due to the
allelopathic properties of Russian Knapweed, other control
techniques such as judicious chemical control would have to be
implemented in order to give grasses a chance to compete.
b. Mechanical Control: Mechanical control of Russian Knapweed
could be carried out throughout the summer with repeated
mowing every 14-21 days. This would at least keep Russian
Knapweed from going to seed, HOWEVER, MOWING HAS
SHOWN TO STIMULATE NEW SHOOT GROWTH FROM
ROOTS. CONSEQUENTLY, MOWING ALONE MAY INCREASE
SHOOT DENSITY IN AN ESTABLISHED STAND. Whether this
control technique CONSISTENT MOWING FOR CONSECUTIVE
YEARS (TWO TO THREE YEARS) will reduce the root mass and
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 9
subsequently reduce an existing stand is not known.
c. Biological Control: There are currently no biological control
agents available for Russian Knapweed.
d. Chemical Control: There are a number of herbicides labeled for
use on Russian Knapweed. Those that can be used
independently or in combination with each other are:
chlorsulfuron (Telar®); picloram (Tordon®); DICAMBA
(CLARITY®); CLOPYRALID & 2,4-D (CURTAIL®); CLOPYRALID
&TRICLOPYR ( REDEEM R&P®); 2,4-D (many different
formulations); glyphosate (Roundup® and Rodeo®) and any
OTHER EPA approved chemical labeled for use on Russian
Knapweed.
2. Integrated Management Options by Site
a. Range and Pastures
Option #1 Mechanical and Chemical: Mowing can be carried
out throughout the season with the first and successive mowing
cycles carried out at the bud stage. A herbicide treatment can
then be made in the fall before a hard freeze.
Option #2 Cultural and Chemical: An herbicide application,
using short residual herbicides such as glyphosate and/or 2,4-D
j P ' can be made followed up by reseeding with a competitive grass
such as smooth brome or other sod forming species FROM THE
LIST ABOVE (1.A. CULTURAL CONTROL). In addition,
I (J fertilization or irrigation could be instituted to stimulate Increased
grass growth.
Option #3 Chemical Control Only: Herbicide applications can
be made to Russian Knapweed during the bud stage, bloom to
post-bloom and/or in the fall, depending upon THE herbicide
used.
b. Road Rights-of-Way and other Non-Crop Areas
Option #1 Mechanical and Chemical: One mowing cycle can
be carried out at the bud to early flower stage. An herbicide
application can be made during the bud stage, bloom to post-
bloom and/or in the fall, depending upon the herbicide used.
Option #2 Cultural and Chemical Control: Use of short
residual herbicides such as glyphosate and/or 2,4-D can be used
in the early summer during the bud stage. Seeding with perennial
grasses such as Smooth Brome, Luna Pubescent Wheatgrass,
Ephraim Crested Wheatgrass, Intermediate Wheatgrass,
Sherman Big Bluegrass or Bozoisky Russian Wild Rye FROM
THE LIST ABOVE (1.A. CULTURAL CONTROL) can than THEN
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 10
be carried out later in the summer, at the appropriate time.
Option #3 Chemical Only: Herbicide applications can be made
during the bud stage, bloom to post bloom and/or in the fall,
depending upon the herbicide used.
DIFFUSE KNAPwEED: Diffuse Knapweed is a non-native, biennial to short-lived
perennial forb that reproduces by seed. It spreads rapidly by the mature plant
breaking off at ground level and being blown with the wind, dispersing seed. It is
a pioneer species that will quickly invade disturbed, dry sites. Diffuse Knapweed
is found in the southwest part of Weld County along rights-of-way, dry pasture
sites and in gravelly riparian sites, such as along Boulder Creek and the St. Vrain
and South Platte Rivers.
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Cultural Control of Diffuse Knapweed is similar
to Russian Knapweed in that seeding with perennial grasses such
as Smooth Brome, and erected wheatgrass STREAMBANK
WHEATGRASS, LUNA PUBESCENT WHEATGRASS,
WESTERN WHEATGRASS, SHERMAN BIG BLUEGRASS OR
BOZOISKY RUSSIAN WILD RYE will help to compete with
Diffuse Knapweed and slow its spread. Seeding alone in infested
sites will not, however, control the existing stand.
b. Mechanical Control: Mowing Diffuse Knapweed when it is in the
bud stage and again when it is flowering can significantly reduce
seed production. Keeping Diffuse Knapweed from going to seed
over a number of years can eventually eliminate an infestation,
once the seed source in the soil is depleted.
c. Biological Control: Two species of picture-winged flies,
Urophora affinis and U. quadrifasciata have demonstrated the
ability to reduce the seed production of Diffuse and Spotted
Knapweed. The flies lay eggs on the developing seed heads. As
a result of the larvae feeding on the flowering heads, the plants
produce galls which reduces seed production. The Colorado
insectory is currently rearing these two flies and has made
releases in the state the last three SEVERAL years.
d. Chemical Control: There are a few herbicides labeled for use on
Diffuse Knapweed. Those that can be used independently or in
combination with each other are: picloram (Tordon®); dicamba
(Banvel CLARITY®); glyphosate (Roundup®); 2,4-D (many
different formulations); CLOPYRALID & 2,4-D (CURTAIL®);
CLOPYRALID & TRICLOPYR (REDEEM R&P®) and any OTHER
EPA approved chemical labeled for use on Diffuse Knapweed.
2. Integrated Management Options by Site
060121
ORD169-B
l
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 11
a. Pasture and Riparian Areas
Option #1 Cultural and Chemical Control: A herbicide
application can be made in early summer when Diffuse Knapweed
is in the rosette through bolting stage. Reseeding with
competitive perennial grasses such as smooth brome and crested
wheatgrass FROM THE LIST ABOVE (1.A. CULTURAL
CONTROL) can be followed later in the summer depending upon
the herbicide used and rate of application.
Option #2 Biological and Chemical Control: The release of
insects such as Urophora affinis and U. quadrifasciata can be
made. A herbicide treatment can then be made from the rosette
through bolting stageS (where insects were not released) and in
the fall, where insects were NOT released. Herbicide applications
ohould only be corricd out in the fall, whcrc insccts arc uscd. The
use of herbicides at different times of the growing season can be
instituted as additional IPM research is conducted and
recommendations are developed.
Option #3 Mechanical and Chemical Control: Mowing can be
carried out when Diffuse Knapweed is in the bud stage and again
at flowering. A herbicide application can then be made to any
plants that have re-bolted, if necessary.
Option #4 Mechanical Control Only: Mowing can be carried out
throughout the season which will reduce seed set.
Option #5 Chemical Control Only: A herbicide application can
be made during the rosette stage, spring or fall, and while bolting.
b. Rights-of-Way and Other Non-Crop Areas
Option #1 Cultural and Chemical Control: Same as for Option
#1 in pasture and riparian areas.
Option #2 Mechanical and Chemical Control: One mowing
operation can be carried out when Diffuse Knapweed is in the bud
stage. If necessary, a herbicide application can be made to
plants that have re-bolted.
Option #3 Mechanical Control Only: Same as for Option #4 in
pasture and riparian areas.
Option #4 Chemical Control Only: Same as for Option #5 in
pasture and riparian areas.
SPOTTED KNAPWEED: Spotted Knapweed is a non-native, perennial forb that
reproduces by seed. It is a highly competitive plant in rangeland sites that will
exclude most grasses and forbs with time. There io limitcd ARE CURRENTLY
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 12
NO KNOWN Spotted Knapweed infestations currently along the South Platte
River drainage in Weld County.
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Cultural control of Spotted Knapweed is similar
to such control of Russian and Diffuse Knapweed in that seeding
with perennial grasses such as Smooth Brome and crested
wheatgrass STREAMBANK WHEATGRASS, LUNA
PUBESCENT WHEATGRASS, WESTERN WHEATGRASS,
SHERMAN BIG BLUEGRASS OR BOZOISKY RUSSIAN WILD
RYE will help to compete with Spotted Knapweed and slow its
spread. Seeding infested sites will not, however, control the
existing stand. In range and pasture conditions, good grazing
management practices will help to reduce the spread of the
knapweeds in general.
b. Mechanical Control: Mechanical control of Spotted Knapweed
could be carried out throughout the summer with repeated
mowing every 14-21 days. This would at least keep Spotted
Knapweed from going to seed. Whether this control technique will
reduce the root mass and subsequently reduce an existing stand
is not known.
c. Biological Control: The same as what was developed under
biological control for Diffuse Knapweed.
d. Chemical Control: There are a few herbicides labeled for use on
Spotted Knapweed. Those that can be used independently or in
combination with each other are: picloram (Tordon®), dicamba
(Banvel CLARITY®), 2,4-D (many different formulations and
clopyralid & 2,4-D (Curtail®); CLOPYRALID & TRICLOPYR
(REDEEM R&P®).
CANADA THISTLE: Canada Thistle is an aggressive, creeping perennial that
reproduces by seed and vegetative buds in the root system. It is a difficult plant
to control because of its extensive root system. Vertical roots may grow 6-15
foot deep and horizontal roots may extend 15 feet or more. Canada Thistle is
the most widespread noxious weed in Weld County. It can be found in most
habitat types, including: pastures, riparian sites (along waterways such as the
Poudre, South Platte, St. Vrain and Big Thompson Rivers), irrigation ditches,
along roadside rights-of-way and in the various crop and non-cropland sites.
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Plant competition from various grasses and
from alfalfa can be an effective management tool. Early emerging
grass species such as Smooth Brome and Crested Wheatgrass
STREAMBANK WHEATGRASS, LUNA PUBESCENT
WHEATGRASS, WESTERN WHEATGRASS, SHERMAN BIG
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 13
BLUEGRASS OR BOZOISKY RUSSIAN WILD RYE can be used
to compete with Canada Thistle and slow the spread and
establishment of new infestations. Competition alone, however, is
seldom effective on Canada Thistle.
b. Mechanical Control: Mechanical Control of Canada Thistle
could be carried out throughout the summer with repeated
mowing every 14-21 days. Such THIS method keeps Canada
Thistle from going to seed; however, mowing has shown to
stimulate new shoot growth from roots. Consequently, mowing
alone may increase shoot density in an established stand.
Whether consistent mowing for consecutive years (two to three
years) will reduce the root mass and subsequently reduce an
existing stand is unknown.
c. Biological Control: There is one insect species, a weevil, called
Ceutorynchus litura, that is currently being used as a biological
control agent on Canada Thistle in Colorado. The female lays
eggs on the underside of the leaves in early spring and then the
larvae bore into the main leaf vein and migrate down to the crown
of the plant. The holes created by the larvae open up Canada
Thistle to secondary infection. Where high numbers of the larvae
occur death of Canada Thistle can occur.
d. Chemical Control: There are a number of herbicides labeled for
use on Canada Thistle, depending upon where the thistle is found.
The herbicides that can be used independently or in combination
with other compounds are: picloram (Tordon®); dicamba (Derive'
CLARITY®); 2,4-D (many different formulations); chlorsulfuron
(Telar®); clopyralid & 2,4-D (Curtail®); Stinger®, Transline
CLOPYRALID &TRICLOPYR (REDEEM R&P®); glyphosate
(Roundup®, Rodeo®) and any OTHER EPA approved chemicals
labeled for use on Canada Thistle.
2. Integrated Management Options by Site
a. Range, Pasture and Riparian Sites
Option #1 Biological and Chemical CONTROL: Release of the
insect Ceutorynchus litura can be made during the early summer.
A herbicide application can then be made at the bud stage (where
insects were not released) and in the fall where insects were NOT
released. I lerbicide applications should only be carried out in the
fall, where insects were directly released. Use of herbicides at
different times of the growing season can be instituted as
additional IPM research is coordinated and recommendations are
developed.
Option #2 Mechanical and Chemical CONTROL: Mowing can
be carried out throughout the season with the first mowing cycle
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 14
at the bud stage. Mowing should stop during late August followed
by a herbicide treatment during late September through October,
before a hard freeze.
Option #3 Cultural and Chemical Control: A herbicide
application, using short residual herbicides such as glyphosate
and/or 2,4-D can be made followed-up by reseeding with a
competitive grass such as smooth brome or other sod forming
species FROM THE LIST ABOVE (1.A. CULTURAL CONTROL).
In addition, fertilization or irrigation could be instituted to stimulate
increaseD grass growth.
Option #4 Chemical Control Only: Herbicide applications can
be made to Canada Thistle from rosette to the bud stage, and/or
in the fall, depending upon the herbicide used.
b. Road Rights-of-Way and Other Non-Crop Areas
Option #1 Mechanical and Chemical CONTROL: One mowing
cycle can be carried out at the bud to early flower stage. A
herbicide application can be made from rosette to bud stage
and/or in the fall, depending upon the herbicide used.
Option #2 Cultural and Chemical Control: A herbicide
application can be made in early summer when Canada Thistle is
in the rosette through bud stage. Reseeding with competitive
perennial grasses such as smooth brome and crested wheatgrass
FROM THE LIST ABOVE (1.A. CULTURAL CONTROL) can be
followed later in the summer depending upon the herbicide used
and rate of application.
Option #3 Chemical Control Only: Herbicide applications can
be made from rosette to bud stage, and/or in the fall, depending
upon the herbicide used.
c. Cropland Sites
Canada Thistle is found in almost every crop grown in Weld
County. Prescription weed management measures developed by
Colorado State University weed scientists and the Weld County
Extension Agronomist will be used.
MUSK THISTLE: Musk Thistle is a biennial plant that reproduces only by seed.
Rosettes (clump of leaves on the ground) are formed during the first year of
growth and the plant bolts and sets seed the second year. It is a prolific seed
producer with a single plant producing up to 20,000 seeds. Musk Thistle is found
primarily in pastures and riparian sites (along waterways such as the South
Platte, St. Vrain, Big Thompson, and Little Thompson dra;i,ayca RIVERS and
Boulder Creek) and along irrigation ditches, roadside rights-of-way and other non
crop areas.
OC0121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 15
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Maintaining pastures and riparian sites in good
condition is the primary method of culturally managing Musk
Thistle. Promoting good grass growth by proper grazing
management and fertilizing according to soil testing
recommendations will prevent establishment of Musk Thistle.
b. Mechanical Control: Musk Thistle can be effectively controlled
mechanically. Severing the roots below ground with a shovel or
hoe or mowing Musk Thistle every time it reaches early flower
BUD stage will reduce, if not eliminate, seed production. If
mowing occurs mid to late DURING flower stage, the thistle
should be gathered and burned to destroy any seed that has
developed.
c. Biological Control: Two species of weevils, Rhinocyllus conicus
(seed head weevil) and Trichosirocalus horridus, attack two
different sites of Musk Thistle. The seed head weevil, as its name
implies, attacks the seeds of Musk Thistle. Eggs are laid by the
female on the back of developing flowers and then the larvae bore
into the flower, destroying the developing seed. The seed head
weevil can reduce seed production by as much as 50%. Use of
this weevil as the sole means of controlling Musk Thistle is not
very effective.
Trichosirocalus horridus attacks the crown area of Musk Thistle
rosettes, killing or weakening the plant before it bolts. Use of both
weevil species together may prove to be an effective biological
control program.
d. Chemical Control: There are a number of herbicides labeled for
use on Musk Thistle, depending upon where the thistle is found.
The herbicides that can be used independently or in combination
with other compounds are: picloram (Tordon®); dicamba (Banvel
CLARITY®); 2,4-D (many different formulations); chlorsulfuron
(Telar®); clopyralid & 2,4-D (Curtail®); Stinger®, Transline
CLOPYRALID &TRICLOPYR (REDEEM R&P®); glyphosate
(Roundup®, Rodeo®); METSULFURON (ESCORT®) and any
OTHER EPA approved chemical labeled for use on Musk Thistle.
2. Integrated Management Options by Site
a. Pasture and Riparian Sites
Option #1 Biological and Chemical CONTROL: Release of
Trichosirocalus borridus can be made at the appropriate time of
the summer. Rhinocyllus conicus is well established in Weld
County and should already be infesting the stand. A herbicide
application can then be made to Musk Thistle at the flower stage.
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 16
Telar or Escort should be used when treating Musk Thistle in the
flower stage. Herbicide applications should only be carried out in
the flower stage in order to allow the seed head weevil to
complete its life cycle. Use of herbicides to rosettes in the spring
or fall should not be carried out where Trichosirocalus horridus
was released. Use of herbicides at different times of the growing
season can be instituted as additional IPM research is conducted
and recommendations are developed.
Option #2 Mechanical and Chemical Control: Mowing can be
carried out throughout the summer when Musk Thistle is in the
bud to early flower stage. A herbicide application can than THEN
be made in October to the fall rosettes and any bolted plants.
Option #3 Mechanical Control Only: Multiple mowings (two to
four) can be carried out throughout the summer when Musk
Thistle is in the bud stage, keeping it from producing seed. If
mowing occurs mid to late flower stage, the thistle should be
gathered and burned to destroy any seed that has developed.
Option #4 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides can be used in
the spring and fall when the plant is in the rosette stage. Only the
herbicides labeled for the site intended will be used.
b. Road Rights-of-Way and other Non Crop Areas
Option #1 Biological and Chemical Control: Same as for
Option #1 in pasture and riparian sites.
Option #2 1 Mechanical and Chemical Control: One mowing
pass can be made when Musk Thistle is in the bud stage. A
herbicide application can be made in the fall to the rosettes and
re-bolted plants.
Option #3 2 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides can be used in
the spring and the fall when the plant is in the rosette stage. Only
the herbicides labeled for the site intended will be used.
SCOTCH THISTLE: Scotch Thistle is a biennial plant that reproduces only by seed.
Rosettes are formed during the first year of growth and the plants bolt and set
seeds the second year. The leaves are densely covered with hair, giving the
plant a grayish-green color. Scotch Thistle is primarily found in pastures and
riparian sites (South Platte AND ST. VRAIN River DrainageS) and along
roadside rights-of-way and other non-crop areas in southern Weld County.
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Maintaining pastures and riparian sites in good
condition is the primary method of culturally managing Scotch
Thistle. Promoting good grass growth by proper grazing
0C0121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 17
management and fertilizing according to soil testing
recommendations will help prevent establishment of Scotch
Thistle.
b. Mechanical Control: Scotch Thistle can be efficiently controlled
mechanically. Severing the roots below ground with a shovel or
hoe or mowing Scotch Thistle every time it reaches bud to carly
flower stage will reduce, if not eliminate seed production. If
mowing occurs mid to late DURING flower stage, the thistle
should be gathered and burned to destroy any seed that has
developed.
c. Biological Control: No biological control agents are available for
Scotch Thistle. One weevil species, Rhinocyllus conicus, will
move from Musk Thistle to Scotch Thistle; however, effective
control of Scotch Thistle has not been demonstrated.
d. Chemical Control: There are a number of herbicides labeled for
use on Scotch Thistle, depending upon where the thistle is found.
The herbicides that can be used independently or in combination
with other compounds are: picloram (Tordon®); dicamba (Banvel
CLARITY®); 2,4-D (many different formulations); chlorsulfuron
(Telar®); metsulfuron (Escort®); clopyralid & 2,4-D (Curtail®);
Stinger®; Transline CLOPYRALID &TRICLOPYR (REDEEM
R&P®) and glyphosate (Roundup®, Rodeo®) and any other EPA
approved chemical labeled for use on Scotch Thistle.
2. Integrated Management Options By Site
a. Pastures and Riparian Sites
Option #1 Mechanical and Chemical Control: Multiple mowings
(two to four) can be carried out throughout the summer when
Scotch Thistle is in the bud stage, keeping it from producing seed.
A herbicide application can then THEN be made in October to the
fall rosettes and any bolted plants.
Option #2 Mechanical Control Only: Multiple mowings (two to
four) can be carried out throughout the summer when Scotch
Thistle is in the bud stage, keeping it from producing seed. If
mowing occurs mid to late DURING flower stage, the thistle
should be gathered and burned to destroy any seed that has
developed.
Option #3 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides can be used in
the spring and fall when the plant is in the rosette stage. Only the
herbicides labeled for the site intended will be used.
b. Road Rights-of-Way and Other Non Crop Areas
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 18
Option #1 Mechanical and Chemical Control: One mowing
pass can be made when Scotch Thistle is in the bud stage. A
herbicide application can be made to rebolted plants in the bud
stage and/or to fall regrowth.
Option #2 Chemical Control: Herbicides can be used in the
spring and the fall when the plant is in the rosette stage. Only the
herbicides labeled for the site intended will be used.
FIELD BINDWEED: Field Bindweed is a deep rooted creeping perennial plant that
reproduces by seed and horizontal roots. Bindweed seed can survive in soil up
to 40 years; therefore, it is important that bindweed be kept from going to seed.
Field Bindweed is found throughout Weld County in most habitat types including:
rangeland, pastures, along roadside rights-of-way and in various crop and
non-cropland sites.
1. Control Measures
a. Cultural Control: Seeding perennial grasses can be an effective
management tool in providing plant competition against bindweed.
Selecting the proper native grass and/or improved cultivar grass
seed mix for a site specific location is important. For site specific
reseeding recommendations the Natural Resource Conservation
Service and the CSU Extension Office can be contacted.
b. Mechanical Control: Mechanical control of Field Bindweed can
only realistically be carried out in cultivated cropland by discing
and cultivating every 3 weeks. This would keep Field Bindweed
from producing seed and would start to reduce root reserves.
Mowing is not effective due to the creeping nature of bindweed.-
Discing in range, pasture or roadside is not environmentally
sound.
c. Biological Control: There are currently no biological control
agents on Field Bindweed that are cleared for release in the
United States; however, research is in process. Grazing with
livestock (cattle or sheep), with proper stocking rates, can be an
effective means of keeping bindweed from going to seed in range
and pasture sites.
d. Chemical Control: There are a number of herbicides labeled for
use on Field Bindweed, depending upon where the bindweed is
found. The herbicides that can be used independently or in
combination with other compounds are: picloram (Tordon®);
dicamba (Banvel CLARITY®); 2,4-D (many different formulations);
glyphosate (Roundup®, Rodeo®); QUINCLORAC
(PARAMOUNT®) and any other EPA approved chemicals
labeled for use on Field Bindweed.
2. Integrated Management Options by Site
OC0121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 19
a. Range and Pasture land
Option #1 Cultural and Chemical Control: A herbicide
application using short residual herbicides such as glyphosate
and/or 2,4-D, can be made, followed by reseeding in fall with a
competitive sod forming grass mix. In addition, fertilization
according to soil tests or irrigation could be instituted to stimulate
inereased grass growth.
Option #2 Biological Control ONLY: Grazing with cattle and
sheep throughout the summer and fall will keep Field Bindweed
from going to seed and may reduce the underground root reserve.
Option #3 Biological and Chemical Control: Grazing with cattle
or sheep from May through early September followed by a
herbicide treatment in late September or early October.
Option #4 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides can be used
during the flower stage typically in June and July, and in the fall
prior to JUST BEFORE a hard freeze. Only the herbicides labeled
for the site intended will be used.
b. Road Rights-of-Way and Other Non Crop Areas
Option #1 Cultural and Chemical Control: A herbicide
application using short residual herbicides, such asglyphosate
and/or 2,4-D, can be made followed by reseeding in the fall with a
competitive sod forming grass mix.
Option #2 Chemical Control Only: Herbicide can be used
during the flower stage, typically in June and July, and in the fall
just before a hard freeze. Only the herbicides labeled for
roadsides and other non cropland areas will be used.
c. Cropland Sites: Field Bindweed is found in almost every crop
grown in Weld County. Prescription weed management measures
developed by Colorado State University weed scientists and the
Weld County Extension Agronomist can be used.
(NOTE: THE FOLLOWING SECTION ON DALMATIAN TOADFLAX IS NEW)
DALMATIAN TOADFLAX: Dalmatian Toadflax is a deep-rooted perennial that
%6- — -
reproduces by seed and creeping roots. It has waxy, heart-shaped leaves that
clasp the stem. The flowers are snapdragon-shaped, bright yellow and have an
orange center. Dalmatian Toadflax is found from 5,000-8,000 feet in dry
rangeland sites, roadsides, fence lines, farmland and pastures. It is found in
northwest Weld County along rights-of-way and in range and pasture sites.
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 20
Control Measures
Cultural Control: Maintaining healthy sod-forming range and
pastures and planting sod-forming perennial grasses such as Luna
pubescent wheatgrass, streambank wheatgrass, Bozoisky Russian
wildrye and western wheatgrass have been shown to be effective in
reducing the spread of Dalmation Toadflax. Seeding alone in
infested sites will not, however, control the existing stand.
-2}i. Mechanical Control: Mechanical control of Dalmatian Toadflax can
be carried out throughout the summer with repeated mowing every
14-21 days. This would at least keep dalmatian toadflax from going
to seed. Whether this control technique will reduce the root mass
and subsequently reduce an existing stand is uncertain.
Biological Control: Grazing with livestock (sheep or goats), with
proper stocking rates, can be an effective means of keeping
dalmatian toadflax from going to seed in range and pasture sites.
Six species of insects feed on dalmatian toadflax and have been
released in the United States and Canada. They are: a defoliating
moth (Caliphasia lunula), an ovary feeding beetle (Brachypteralis
pulicarius), two seed capsule feeding weevils (Gymnaetron
antirhinni and G. netum), a stem boring weevil (Mecinus
janthinus), and a root boring moth (Eteobale intermediella). The
Colorado Insectary is currently rearing Caliphasia lunula and it
may be available for release on Dalmatian Toadflax. The use of
multiple bio-control species to effectively manage Dalmatian
Toadflax has yet to be demonstrated.
Q 0 Chemical Control: There are only a few herbicides labeled for use
on Dalmatian Toadflax that are effective in controlling it. The
herbicides that can be used independently or in combination with
other herbicides are: picloram (Tordon); dicamba (Clarity); 2,4-D
(many different formulations); and glyphosate (Roundup, Rodeo).
Integrated Management Options by Site
1. Range and Pasture Sites;
ay Option #1 Cultural and Chemical Control: A herbicide application using
short residual herbicides such as glyphosate and/or 2,4-D can be made
followed by reseeding in fall with a competetive sod forming mix of grass as
listed above (1.a. Cultural Control). In addition, fertilization according to soil
tests or irrigation could be instituted to stimulate increased grass growth.
bOption#2 Biological and Chemical Control: Grazing with sheep or goats
' from May throughout early September can be carried out, followed by a
herbicide treatment in October.
060121
ORD169-B
.1 1
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 21
Cj Option#3 Mechanical and Chemical Control: Mowing can be carried out
throughout the summer when Dalmatian Toadflax is in the bud stage. A
herbicide application can be made in October to any bolted plants.
2. Road Rights-of-Way and Other Non-crop Areas
a/ Option #1 Mechanical and Chemical Control: One mowing cycle can be
carried out at the bud stage. A herbicide application should be made at the
flower stage or to any plants that have rebolted in the fall.
/ Option #2 Chemical Control Only: Herbicides can be used in the spring
or early summer during the flower stage and in the fall just before a hard
freeze. Only the herbicides labeled for use on roadsides and other non-
cropland areas will be used.
C. PREVENTION MEASURES
Preventive control means using measures which will stop or forestall weeds from
contaminating an area. Establishing preventive measures are often the most
practical and cost effective means of weed control.
The preventive measures which seem most practical for Weld County are as
follows:
1. establishing USE OF weed free seed and mulch requirements for
reclamation of disturbed sites,
2. promotEing the Colorado Weed Free Hay and Forage program,
3. prioritizEing weed management areas along routes of dispersal,and
4. identifying noxious weed species inFESTING counties bordering
Weld County.
1. Weed Free Seed and Mulch Standards
Where the ground is disturbed by activities, such as road preparation for
road resurfacing, sand and gravel lot operations and, oil and gas well
operations AND LAYING UNDERGROUND UTILITY LINES, weeds will be
the first plants to colonize or re-vegetate the site. It is important that these
sites be reclaimed so that noxious weeds do not become established.
Weld County plans to establish standards within two to four years for using
WILL USE weed free seed and mulch on all county operations concerned
with the reclamation of disturbed sites, such as on roadside resurfacing
projects and sand and gravel lot operations. Additional regulations may
WILL be considered for similar PRIVATE operations being carried out on
private PUBLIC land.
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 22
2. Weed Free Hay and Forage Program
Standards have been developed that enable growers the ability to have their
hay and forage certified as noxious weed free. These standards will
encourage growers to produce noxious weed free hay and forage so that it
can be shipped and used anywhere in the U.S. (particularly where noxious
weed free standards currently exist).
The Weld County Vegetation Management Specialist will promote the
Colorado Weed Free Forage Standards through the use of seminars, radio
spots and newspaper articles.
3. Prioritizing Weed Management Areas Along Routes of Dispersal
Weeds are spread rapidly through the dispersal of weed seeds in air and
water. Consequently, high weed seed dispersal areas are associated with
rights-of-way, such as along all roads and railroads and along waterways,
i.e., along the Poudre, South Platte, St. Vrain and Little Thompson Rivers
and irrigation canals.
The County Public Works Department will carry out a noxious weed control
program on all county roads from May through Scptcmbcr OCTOBER. The
noxious weeds targeted for control include: Canada, Musk AND Scotch and
Ball Thistle; Leafy Spurge; Russian, Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed; Field
Bindweed; whitetop; and wild proso millet AND DALMATIAN TOADFLAX.
In addition, contact will continue to be made with the Department of
Transportation, all irrigation and ditch companies in the county, the Union
Pacific, Burlington Northern and Great Western Railroad companies, and
the oil and gas companies operating within the county. Information regarding
the Weld County Undesirable Plant Management Act NOXIOUS WEED
MANAGEMENT PLAN will be distributed and their cooperation will be
encouraged. Assistance in helping them develop their integrated weed
management programs will be offered. In working with landowners on
private property, all lands bordering the rivers in the county will be
considered high priority areas. Landowner compliance with the Undesirable
Plant Management Act NOXIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT PLAN will be
encouraged REQUIRED.
4. Identifying Noxious Weeds in Bordering Counties That Do Not Occur
in Weld County
Contact will continue to be made with the weed control departments in the
bordering counties to identify the noxious weed species which occur in each
county that would threaten Weld County. Plans have been developed to
monitor the borders of Weld County, as necessary.
060121
ORD169-B
.
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 23
D. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Education of the public is one of the most important components of a Weed
Management program. Emphasis will be placed on continuing a multifaceted
educational program. The following programs have been instituted in the past and
will continue to be conducted every year.
1. Timely newspaper articles concerned with weed identification and
management.
2. Timely radio broadcasts following the information in the newspaper articles.
3. Conducting Landowner weed management seminars and calibration
workshops.
4. I laving an Educational boothS at the Colorado Farm Show AND OTHER
APPROPRIATE VENUES.
5. Utilizing DISTRIBUTE brochures and CSU Service in Action brochures to
hand out FACT SHEETS to individual landowners.
E. MAPPING
Establishing An accurate baseline map of the existing noxious weed infestations in
ON the County RIGHTS-OF-WAY is extremely important for the ongoing evaluation
of the effectiveness of the county weed management program. Therefore, a
computerized mapping program will be HAS BEEN established AND WILL BE
UPDATED ANNUALLY that will map FOR the noxious weeds established in ON
Weld County RIGHTS-OF-WAY.
County roadsides will be mapped using a computer and printer/datalogger on the
spray cquipmcnt. Privatc and 3tatc land will be mappcd by Public Works
Department personnel taking aerial maps from the county assessor's office into the
field and mapping on site. Through the use of the Auto CADD computer mapping
program, the noxious weed infestations will be mapped. All mapping information
will be stored in the county IBM computer systems and can be retrieved for future
evaluation.
F. ESTABLISI IINC COOPERATIVE INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENTS
Contact will be made with the following agencies concerning compliance with the
Colorado Undcsirable Plant WEED Management Act:
1. Colorado Department of Transportation
2. Colorado State Department of Parks and Recreation
3. Colorado Division of Wildlife
4. Colorado State Land Board
060121
ORD169-B
• M
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 24
5. U.S. Forest Service
6. OTHER GOVERNMENT ENTITIES
Assistance will be offered in helping each agency develop integrated weed
management plans for their lands. Actual assistance in carrying out the weed
control programs on their properties will also be offered. Cooperative
intergovernmental agreements can be established if Weld County is asked to assist
in implementing the weed control measures.
G. ADOPT A ROADSIDE PROGRAM
An "Adopt a Roadside" program will be established which will give landowners the
ability to take the responsibility to manage the noxious weeds on the county
rights-of-way that borders their property.
Landowners who are chemically sensitive or for some reason do not want chemicals
sprayed or mowing activities carried out along their property, may take the
responsibility for managing the noxious weeds on the roadside rights-of-way.
Landowner agreements with specific requirements for compliance will be
established.
H. ENFORCEMENT ON PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PROPERTY
Cooperation from all landowners (private and state) will be encouraged through
positive communication by mail and through personal contact. When weed control
measures are not carried out by a landowner, enforcement measures may have to
CI Muted. All procedures as established by the - _ Q4�t_,��RADO
1/
(� tt.Law ACT, CRS §35-5.5-10 c ra .•.ntr. atilers Law,
CRS §35-5 108, Weld County se 96g and any and all federal, state,
and local regulations will be fo�prior to a by enforcement activities being
carried out on private or public property. Integrated weed management plans will
be requested from certain landowners, as determined by the Weld County
v(� Vegetation Management Specialist and the Undesirable Plant WELD COUNTY
cd
( NOXIOUS WEED Managcmcnt Advisory Board.
Work priorities must be established due to the size of the county and the number
11 of landowners with existing noxious weed problems. The following list prioritizes 0 j1 (p.3) where enforcement activities will be carried out in ranking order of importance:
1. Lands bordering all waterways (rivers and irrigation ditches).
2. Complaint properties.
3. Landowners identified as negligent in the past.
4. Landowners with twenty percent (20%) or more of their property infested
with noxious weeds.
060121
ORD169-B
Y
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 25
V. EVALUATION OF PROGRAM
The goals and the plan of work established in Sections III. and IV. of this Ordinance 169-A
B will be reviewed and evaluated at the end of every year. A written evaluation will be
prepared establishing additions or changes in the plan of work for the following year. Any
additions or changes must be recommended by the Undesirable Plant WELD COUNTY
NOXIOUS WEED Management Advisory Board and approved by the Board of County
Commissioners.
The Weld County Undesirable Plant NOXIOUS WEED Management Plan shall be reviewed
and amended, as needed, at least every three years (CRS §35-5.5-107(4)(a)).
ARTICLE 2 -- ENFORCEMENT OF
UNDESIRABLE PLANT NOXIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT PLAN
I. AUTHORIZED AGENT FOR ENFORCEMENT
Pursuant to CRS§35-5.5-105(2),the Weld County Vegetation Management Specialist, his
employees and agents, are hereby authorized to enforce the above-stated_Undesirable L _c,ti,�
Plant NOXIOUS WEED Management Plan in the unincorporated r < o County of Weld, _ ��
State of Col do, by utilizing those procedures set forth in CR „
35-5.5-10 ny other applicable State and Federal Statutes, rules, regulations, and �_s
ordinances inclu ' g the remaining provisions of thiWOrdinance No. 469-f $. , _
W.la,G--vwch i ^�
II. RIGHT OF ENTRY 35— S,S_/(2).1 J
I Prior to entering private lands for the purpose of enforcing the Weld County Undesirable
Plant NOXIOUS WEED Management Plan as set forth herein,the Weld County Vegetation
Management Specialist shall first obtain a "right of entry" from the Board of County
Commissioners, no less than ten days after a Notice to Control Identified Undesirable
f'la,,ta NOXIOUS WEEDS has been sent to the owner or occupant of the private lands and
said owner or occupant has failed to comply with said notice.
III. MAILING OF ASSESSMENTS
All assessments for the whole cost of any enforcement work performed by the Weld County
Vegetation Management Specialist or his designee(s) upon private lands, including up to
15%20%for inspection and other incidental costs in connection therewith, shall be mailed
to the landowner or occupant by certified mail. Failure to receive said assessment shall not
act as a defense to said assessment.
IV. FAILURE TO PAY ASSESSMENT
Any assessment which is not paid within thirty-three (33) days after the date of mailing by
certified mail to the landowner or occupant of private lands upon which the Weld County
Vegetation Management Specialist or his designee(s) have performed enforcement work,
shall constitute a lien against each lot or tract of land until paid and may be certified by
060121
ORD169-B
O
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 26
resolution of the Board of County Commissioners to the Weld County Treasurer's Office
to be collected in the same manner as provided for collection of taxes upon the private
lands in accordance with CRS §§35-5 108 and 35-5.5-109(5)(a).
ARTICLE 3 -- SEVERABILITY
,��i-- oZe f-
If any section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause or phrase of thr9rdinance No. 109-Aa,
is, for any reason, held or decided to be invalid or unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect
the validity of the remaining portions. The Board of,rco Com ggrs,_Yield County,
Colorado, hereby declares that it would have passed th s rdinance No. , and in each and
every section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause and phrase thereof irrespective of the fact
that any one or more sections, subsections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses, or phrases might be
declared to be unconstitutional or invalid.
ARTICLE 4 -- LIABILITY
This prdinance No.969=A shall not be intended to create a civil cause of action against the
Board of County Commissioners,Weld County, Colorado, or any other person that may administer
this Ordinance No. 169-A B in any manner.
ARTICLE 5 -- EFFECTIVE DATE
-
ThisKOOrdinance o. 169-kg shall become effective five (5) days after its final public notice, in
accordance with Section 3-14(2) of the Weld County Home Rule Charter.
ARTICLE 6 -- COMPLIANCE WITH NOTICE REQUIREMENTS
The Board of County Commissioners hereby states and affirms that by following the reading and
publication schedule set forth below, it has and hereby does comply with the notice requirements
of CRS §35-5.5-108.
ARTICLE 7 -- NO WAIVER OF IMMUNITIES/NO CREATION OF DUTIES, STANDARD OF
CARE, OR RIGHTS FOR THIRD PARTIES
cracs
No portion of this Ordinance, s}lall be deemed to constitute a waiver of any immunities
which Weld County, Colorado, 6' and Through the Board of County Commissioners of Weld
County, or any pest control districts and/or their Boards, or the Weld County Undesirable Plant
NOXIOUS WEED Management Advisory Board or their officers or employees may possess, nor
shall any provision of this Ordinance 169-A B be construed to create any duty, standard of care or
rights in favor of any third parties with the respect to any obligation created by thitfOrdinance#849-19S'>�)
B. \„)<L_,
BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED by the Board, if any section, subsection, paragraph,
sentence, clause, or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held or decided to be
unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions hereof. The
060121
ORD169-B
RE: ORDINANCE NO. 169-A B
PAGE 27
Board of County Commissioners hereby declares that it would have enacted this Ordinance in each
and every section,subsection, paragraph,sentence, clause, and phrase thereof irrespective of the
fact that any one or more sections,subsections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses, or phrases might
be declared to be unconstitutional or invalid.
The above and foregoingAOrdinance Number 169-S ca was, on motion duly made and
seconded, adopted by the following vote on the 1st day of April, A.D., 1996.
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
WELD COUNTY, COLORADO
ATTEST:
Barbara J. Kirkmeyer, Chair
Weld County Clerk to the Board
George E. Baxter, Pro-Tern
BY:
Deputy Clerk to the Board
Dale K. Hall
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Constance L. I larbert
County Attorney W. II. Webster
Initial Publication: February 1,-1996, in the North Weld I lerald
First Reading: March 4, 1996
Publication: March 7,-1996, in the North Weld I lerald
Second Reading: March 10, 1000
Publication: March 21, 1996, in the North Weld I lerald
Final Reading: April 1, 1000
Publication: April 4, 1996, in the North Weld I lerald
Effective Date: April 9, 1096
060121
ORD169-B
Hello