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Home My WebLink About20050628.tiff y ..-..%;-,41,-4--. ':-.. . 'off i �l"•S4 -` , TF "y {,J t xz` AURORA ORGANIC DAIRY 6788 State } li2hwa} 66 I ongmont. Colorado 80503 t I . , w' Sk.1$� 1iLW .+'r A IA.3) -',,,',Q--1.-1 -- Jn su , - '. Comprehensive Manure and ,, cJ. `i'Vastewater Management Plan f ,A'S -a x�i +r }e^i xp a54 r 7'rt 1r ' p,,f a r { {y „ c:2.2.:22 I 3 ,p#i>r aYFiW '' t ssAJ.2, t ..3yyc, p4 xtJtin^a- _.lik Prepared b': AGPROfessionals, LLC s 4i 4311 Hwy 66, Suite 4 Longmont, CO 80504 -iri t g rf A �6 x$ November 09. 2004 I our lira ig r./II'anirmeniu1l'rlgrcwurO/N 2005-0628 AGPROfessionals, LLC 11.09.2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER'S CERTIFICATION 3 CONTACTS AND AUTHORIZED PERSONS 3 LEGAL DESCRIPTION 3 SITE DESCRIPTION 4 FACILITY 4 MAPS 4 STORMWATER AND PROCESS WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT 4 SURFACE RUNOFF 4 25 year, 24-hour Storm 4 10 year, 10-day Storm 4 Stormwater Containment Capacity 5 Surface Runoff Management and Disposition 5 PROCESS WASTEWATER 5 GROUND WATER PROTECTION 5 POND LEVELS 6 FLOODPLAINS 6 OFF-SITE DRAINAGE DIVERSION 6 SOLID MANURE MANAGEMENT 6 LAND APPLICATION OF SOLID MANURE 6 RECORD KEEPING 7 LIMITATIONS 7 Appendix A 8 Appendix B 9 Appendix C 10 Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 2 AGPROfessionals,LLC 11.09.2004 Introduction This Comprehensive Manure and Wastewater Management Plan (CMWMP) has been developed and implemented to comply with requirements, conditions and limitations of the Colorado "Confined Animal Feeding Operations Control Regulation", Reg 81 and the general CAFO Permit. This CMWMP outlines current site conditions, structures and areas requiring management of solid manure, stormwater run-off and process wastewater. This CMWMP will be kept on-site and amended prior to any change in design, construction, operation or maintenance which significantly increases the potential for discharge of solid manure, stormwater run-off and process wastewater to waters of the State. This CMWMP shall be amended if it is ineffective in controlling discharges from the facility. Below is the date of the last CMWMP amendment: Amendment 1: Amendment 2: Aurora Organic Dairy will keep records relating to the CMWMP onsite for a minimum of three years. Professional Engineer's Certification This CMWMP has been prepared by, or under the direct sup 'enEric W. Dunker, P.E., Colorado Registered Professional Engineer No. 33915. p 9. fGf As O •�rl.os.ex� Contacts and Authorized Persons Aurora Organic Dairy 6788 State Highway 66 Longmont, CO 80504 The individual(s) at this facility who is (are) responsible for developing and implementation, maintenance and revision of this CMWMP are listed below: Jay Wilson Owner, Owners Representative (Name) (Title) Barney Little On-Site Manager (Name) (Title) Legal Description The legal description of Aurora Organic Dairy is: The E'h of the NE'/<, and the NE'/ of the SE'/ of Sec. 30, Township 3 North, Range 67 West, Weld County, Colorado. Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure&Wastewater Management Plan 3 AGPROfessionals,LLC II 09.2004 Site Description Facility Aurora Organic Dairy is a proposed new dairy facility located on the south side of State Highway 66, and approximately 7/8 mile east of Weld County Road 13. Dairy construction will be industry-typical steel and wood posts, pipe and cable fence, concrete feed aprons and feed bunks, feed alleys and cow movement alleys, feed storage areas and associated storage structures and maintenance facilities, waste management and control structures. The ultimate maximum capacity at Aurora Organic Dairy will be 1,250 milking cows. Cow numbers fluctuate during the year. However, the average number of cattle at the facility is expected to be approximately 1,700 head. Farm ground borders the facility on three sides; north, west and south. An existing dairy borders on the east. Maps The maps described below are included in Appendix A. Topographic Map The Topographical Location Map shows the location of Aurora Organic Dairy, topography and major drainages. Site Layout Map The Site Layout Map details the proposed configuration of the dairy. Soils Map The USDA Soil Survey map details the area's soil types. Also included are detailed soil descriptions. Stormwater and Process Wastewater Management Surface Runoff Aurora Organic Dairy controls stormwater with four retention ponds located at the south end of the property (see Site Layout Map in Appendix A). Aurora Organic Dairy will monitor the site and maintain appropriate diversion structures to ensure runoff enters the appropriate stormwater collection systems. 25 year, 24-hour Storm The 25-year, 24-hour storm event for the area west of Platteville, Colorado is 4.0 inches. Using the SCS runoff curve number 90 for un-surfaced areas, 97 for paved or covered areas, and 65 for pasture or native areas, the amount of runoff generated during a 25-year event is 10.3 acre-feet. These figures account for rainfall occurring directly on the pond surfaces. 10 year, 10-day Storm The 10-year, 10-day storm event for Longmont, Colorado is 5.05 inches. Using the SCS runoff curve number 81 for un-surfaced areas, 94 for paved or covered areas, and 46 for pasture or native areas, the amount of runoff generated during a chronic event is 10.4 acre-feet. These figures account for rainfall occurring directly on the pond surfaces. Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 4 AGPROfessionals, LLC 11.092004 Stormwater Containment Capacity The stormwater ponds have a combined capacity of 20.4 acre-feet. This represents 10.1 acre- feet more than required for a 25-year, 24-hour storm, and 10.0 acre-feet more than required for a 10-year, 10-day storm. Calculations for the 25-year and 10-year storms and pond capacities are in Appendix B. Surface Runoff Management and Disposition The stormwater pond system is designed for total evaporation. Design calculations were done for the pond system utilizing average evaporation combined with average precipitation and the 10-wettest years' precipitation. Two tables were generated to illustrate that the system will work as designed. The tables account for the following: • Average precipitation values for Longmont, CO • Precipitation values from the 10-wettest years in recorded history for Longmont, CO • Average monthly lake-evaporation data for Longmont, CO • Process wastewater generation rate of 0 GPD for the dairy(process water discharged to sanitary sewer) • Evaporation area equal to the surface area of the settling ponds when full and the main ponds at a level that is appropriate to contain the 25 year, 24-hour storm event • Dairy drainage area of 45.6 acres • Runoff percentage from NRCS National Engineering Handbook • Evaluating table to ensure no pumping is required to maintain capacity for a 25- year, 24-hour or chronic storm event These tables, in Appendix B, show that during average years and the 10-wettest years, the pond system maintains capacity for a 25-year or chronic storm event. Process Wastewater Aurora Organic Dairy generates process wastewater within the milking parlor. It is estimated that Aurora Organic Dairy will generate a maximum of 15,000 gallons of process wastewater per day at maximum capacity. A table summarizes the process wastewater in Appendix B. Dairy parlor floors and walls, milking equipment, pipelines, and tanks are washed with fresh water. There are multiple options to handle the process wastewater including the use of a methane digester or utilizing the Saint Vrain Sanitary District Sewer System. At this point the sanitary sewer system is the option that is planned to be utilized, if another option becomes more feasible this CMWMP will be amended to reflect that option. Wastewater will flow via pipeline out of the dairy into the existing pre-treatment pond, then to a pretreatment processing center before being discharged to the St. Vrain Sanitation District via sewer line. The pretreatment process will reduce total solids, total suspended solids, BOD5day, and ammonia to a level that satisfies the sanitation district. The pre-treatment will include but may not be limited to the following processes depending on cost and final design considerations: • Solids Screening • Lagoon with Aeration • Anaerobic Reactor • Clarifier Ground Water Protection The stormwater ponds and the process wastewater system will be constructed to meet the 10-6 cm/sec maximum seepage requirement in the state's regulations. Upon completion of the Aurora Organic Daiiy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 5 AGPROfessionals,LLC 11.09.2004 wastewater retention structures, the liners will be inspected and certified by a licensed professional engineer. Proof of lining will be kept on site and copies fonvarded to the Weld County Department of Public Health and Environment. Pond Levels The stormwater ponds and process wastewater system will have appropriate pond-level gauges installed when built. The gauges will show incremental depths as well as the appropriate level to maintain capacity for a 25-year, 24-hour or chronic storm event. Floodplains AGPROfessionals, LLC, has reviewed the Weld County FEMA maps and concluded that Aurora Organic Dairy and facilities will not be within a mapped 100-year floodplain. Off-Site Drainage Diversion Aurora Organic Dairy site is bordered on three sides (west, north& east) by irrigation and/or drainage ditches that virtually eliminate the chance of stormwater run-on. The dairy slopes south so stormwater cannot come from that direction. Solid Manure Management Aurora Organic Dairy manages solid manure through routine pen cleaning and maintenance. Pen density is managed to optimize the surface area and keep cows clean while maintaining solid, dry footing for livestock. Aurora Organic Dairy harrows outside pens daily and cleans them out at least semi-annually. Manure from the outside corrals and solids off of the mechanical separation unit will be given away to farmers and/or hauled off to a third-party composting site. Table 1 below calculates the amount of manure produced and the associated nutrients on an "as excreted basis". In addition, `as-hauled' and `composted' weights are calculated accounting for predictable moisture losses. The calculations are based on NRCS Agricultural Waste Management Field Handbook, for dairy cattle and an average capacity of 1,250 lactating cows. Table 6: Solid Manure Produced and Associated Nutrients ASAE D384.1-Dec 2001 Moisture Manure TS VS Nitrogen Prosphorus Potassium Number of Wt./hd, (lbs./day/ (lbs./day/ (lbs./day/ (lbs./day (lbs./day/ (lbs./day/ Animal Type Hd lbs. Total Wt.,lbs. (%) 1000#) 1000#) 10008) /1000#) 1000#) 1000#) Milk Cows 1,250 1,500 1,875,000 86.0 86.0 12.0 10.0 0.45 0.094 0.29 Dry Cows4 50 1,200 540,000 86.0 86.0 12.0 10.0 0.45 0.094 0.29 Totals 1,700 2.415,000 Total Daily Production 146,200 20,400 17,000 765 160 493 Total Annual Production 53,363,000 7,446,000 6,205,000 279,225 58,327 179,945 Manure produced w/moisture content of 86.0% 26,682 Manure to apply w/moisture content of 46.0% 6,917 Compost produced w/moisture content of 40.0% 6,226 Land Application of Solid Manure Aurora Organic Dairy does not plan to apply solid manure to its own land. They plan to give solid manure away to area farmers for use on the farmers' land and/or haul it off site to a third- party composting site. Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 6 AGPROfessionals,LLC 11.09.2004 Record Keeping Aurora Organic Dairy will keep records per Table 2 (forms are in Appendix C): TABLE 2: RECORD-KEEPING FORMS & SCHEDULE ITEM FORM USED FREQUENCY OF RECORDING Rainfall Precipitation Log Each event,or more frequently during intense or long-lasting storms Manure/Compost Removal Removal Log Daily during removal Pond Inspection Pond Lagoon Monthly Inspection Form y Limitations AGPROfessionals, LLC, has no control over the services or information furnished by others. This Comprehensive Manure and Wastewater Management Plan was prepared and developed in accordance with generally accepted environmental consulting practices. This plan was prepared for the exclusive use of Aurora Organic Dairy and specific application to the subject property. The opinions provided herein are made based on AGPROfessionals, experience and qualifications, and represent AGPROfessionals best judgment as experienced and qualified professionals familiar with the agriculture industry. AGPROfessionals, LLC, makes no warranty, expressed or implied. Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 7 AGPROfessionals,LLC 11.09.2004 Appendix A • Topographic Location Map • Site Layout Map • Soils Map and Detailed Descriptions Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 8 o \\ / ".' .✓'� V " i 3BS0� , 'v Lake \ I 3.3 , — i. c �, .- '^ .. 0 Li, • 4▪r LLear1 H stet ��}}((�� ~J., —_ �., \ ._._ asj( . _ ' gibes _____—_k_____. ____ „_:1431.5.81,/,h= JS•� l 7:: .., I _ \ if _ /l // ::: \ �, • L'/ ~-cY ,.‘,7„ iti / .. 111• . / 1, rl _ 24 \'\ 19 e•z\ ii \, I, 1. ti J j /' �j17 l (h V i� .1 465of tku ' . / .� >�_ 1:%a �t" v' — • M1 GO ,,..—/ • osd4 HWY 66 •• �� e".„.-“S`..--c: �.:; %; / -. . - DAIRY 7./ i 'r —i/ 7 lj f! ' ! �/ / 1't �� W.C.R.13 COLORAD• % �� - rtI 1 .ill / ^ / l qq / 1 I1 \ 7-- (l7 / Di(ch !� / J \ , I -.\.....-/- So -; 1'. Y9 ..l' ,,/ 2 ' , ../" I l , -, / Xo / ( 1 ,___ /` ii ) ^ems �__ i � �` 1� �.� 489> u / r X818 ��`� \ ` ti r --�✓--4a ° xr ��\ "� .. �( _ I � K�gt Vrain Soh r---1 �, X31 �� I, u L 808 'I ° y cf S I 51, 4 CE a ndiJ '__; '``, '_'� ;•'N� + Name:GOWANDA Location: 040° 12'04.6" N 104°55'53.6" W Date: 10/10/2002 Caption:AURORA DAIRY-COLORADO Scale: 1 inch equals 2000 feet Topographic Location Map Copyright(C)1997,Maptech,Inc. AAA ACCESS AP xwv. _1; - -_ - - _ _ �� g +4 11 v v y ` , \ I �' .. \��", �s \� \�� _A v BOVIDARY '��_ - j't SS AP. IL _ PARLOR rtriGl:art'. 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S 3 —i—x, �} S'Y`r ti.�fi --,,jr..:,,: a f '{. . _ t nxt :i 'Or 7 x`4 �'3 u °° 69 a 70 - e r +4 7 FY.^ m rt i- ' v...4.-3-1 di' i -.� r ..;414,344r t 73 I , '1,1447,4 ° r, � }, 73 y' 76 x� t _ 4 ' al 73 1 .„44,'4;"--.,,63' I +i r`r 're.-,n, .y - I } �� e F� 4 - �k+x !, Z �;_ i4 .:. 72 48 @ wk f--'c51. s r 11. r 70 ori4sr r,. 8 SOIL SURVEY filter the leachate. Sewage lagoons require sealing. 60 percent of the unit. Aquents, which have a lighte Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability subclass colored surface layer, make up about 35 percent. About IIs irrigated. percent is Aquepts and Bankard sandy loam. 2—Altvan loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep, These are deep, poorly drained soils that formed i well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,500 to 4,900 recent alluvium. No one pedon is typical. Commonly th feet. It formed in old alluvium deposited by the major soils have a mottled, mildly alkaline to moderately a rivers. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that kaline loamy or clayey surface layer and underlyin show evidence of poor drainage. Also included are small, material and are underlain by sand or sand and gray( long and narrow areas of sand and gravel deposits. within 48 inches. In places they have a gleyed layer in th Typically the surface layer of this Altvan soil is grayish underlying material. brown loam about 10 inches thick. The subsoil is brown Most of the acreage is subject to flooding. The watt and light yellowish brown clay loam and sandy clay loam table is at or near the surface early in spring and recede about 14 inches thick. The substratum is calcareous loamy to as deep as 48 inches late in fall in some years. sand about 5 inches thick over gravelly sand. These soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habita Permeability and available water capacity are Some small areas have been reclaimed by major drainag moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to 40 inches. and leveling and are used for irrigated crops. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is low. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It The potential native andvegetatione is dominated bySal alas is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- sedge, switchgrass,s , d western wheatgrass.prominen ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, sedge, rush, and alkali bluegrass are also p r acre er. and onions. An example of a suitable cropping Potential production ranges from 3,000 pounds per i system is 3 favorable years to 2,000 to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, pounds in unfavorable years. A sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Land leveling, ditch range condition deteriorates, the s grass, alka lining, and installing pipelines may be needed for proper sacaton, and western wheatgrass decrease and saltgras_ water application. sedge, and rush increase. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- Management of vegetation should be based on takin half and leaving half of the total annual production. Seed rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- ing is difficult and costly because numerous tillage pram mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. Windbreaks and environmental plantins of trees and tices are required to eliminate the saltgrass soc. Switchgrass, western wheatgrass, alkali sacaton, tal shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well —' suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing wheatgrass, and tall fescue are suitable for seeding. The; vegetation should be continued for as many years as can be seeded into a clean, firm seedbed. Seedbe. possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and preparation usually requires more than 1 year t; eliminate the saltgrass sod. A grass drill should be uses: have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and Seeding early in spring has proven most successful. Wetland wildlife, especially waterfowl, utilize this unit hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. The wetland plants provide nesting and protective covet This soil can produce habitat elements that are highly as well as some food. The nearby irrigated cropland suitable for openland wildlife including pheasant, cotton- where wildlife obtain much of their food and find protec tail, and mourning dove. Such crops as wheat, corn, and tive cover, makes this unit valuable to both wetland ant alfalfa provide suitable habitat for openland wildlife, openland wildlife. especially pheasant. Tree and shrub plantings and Openland wildlife, especially pheasant, use this unit fo_ undisturbed nesting cover would enhance openland wil- cover and nesting. Deer find excellent cover in some dlife populations. areas. This Altvan soil has fair to good potential for urban These valuable wildlife areas should be protected from and recreational development. The chief limiting soil fea- fire and fenced to prevent encroachment and overuse b` tures for urban development are the shrink-swell paten- livestock. They should not be drained. tial of the subsoil as it wets and dries and the rapid These soils have good potential as a source of sand and permeability of the sand and gravel substratum. Septic gravel. Capability subclass VIw; Salt Meadow range site. tank absorption fields function properly, but in places the 4—Aquolls and Aquepts, flooded. This nearly !eve substratum does not contain enough fines to properly map unit is in depressions in smooth plains and along tht filter the leachate. Sewage lagoons require sealing. bottoms of natural drainageways throughout the survey Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability subclass area. Aquolls, which have a dark colored surface layer IIe irrigated. make up about 55 percent of the unit. Aquepts, whici 3—Aquolls and Aquents, gravelly substratum. This have a lighter colored surface layer, make up about 2:. nearly level map unit is on bottom lands and flood plains percent. About 20 percent is soils that are well drained of all the major streams in the survey area. Aquolls, and soils that have sandstone or shale within 48 inches of which have a dark colored surface layer, make up about the surface. h .� 14 SOIL SURVEY ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue potatotes, and onions. An example of a suitable cropping grama. Several mid grasses, such as western wheatgrass system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for and needleandthread, are also present. Potential produc- -^ silage, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conserva- tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years tion practices are needed to maintain top yields. to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease; blue grama, buf- rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and corn- falograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase; mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well Management of vegetation on this soil should be based suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- vegetation should be continued for as many years as tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble or it can be drilled into a lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove, firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has and cottontail, are best suited to this soil. Wildlife habitat proven most successful. development, including tree and shrub plantings and Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be suc- shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well cessful without irrigation during most years. Under ir- suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing rigation, good wildlife habitat can be established, benefit- vegetation should be continued for as many years as ing many kinds of openland wildlife. possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and This soil has good potential for urban and recreational have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and developments. Road design can be modified to compen- sate for the limited capacity of this soil to support a load. hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. Capability class I irrigated. 15—Colby loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep, Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove, well drained soil on uplands at elevations of 4,850 to 5,050 and cottontail, and rangeland wildlife, such as antelope, cottontail, and coyote, are best suited to this soil. Under feet. It formed in calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer is pale brown loam about 12 irrigation, good wildlife habitat can be established, inches thick. The underlying material is very pale brown benefiting many kinds of openland wildlife. Forage production is typically low on rangeland, and grazing silt loam to a depth of 60 inches. management is needed if livestock and wildlife share the Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is range. Livestock watering facilities also are utilized by high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is various wildlife species. moderate. This soil has good potential for urban and recreational In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- development. Road design can be modified to compensate for the limited capacity of this soil to support a load. monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, and onions. An exam- Capability my subclass Ile irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; pie of a suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 Loamy Plains range site. followed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, 16—Colby l drained soil lo on 3 uplandto 5 percent and ridges d This is a deep, or beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing well 5,050 hills at elevations of osits. to ded feet. It formed in calcareous f eolian pipelines may be needed for proper water application. deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- have fine sandy loam or loam underlying material. rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- Typically the surface layer is pale brown loam about 10 mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. inches thick. The underlying material is very In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, silt loam to a depth of 60 inches. pale brown barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitation is is moderate. too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. In irrigated areas this soil is suited to crops commonly Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- grown in the area. Perennial grasses and alfalfa or close lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. grown crops should be grown at least 50 percent of the __Terracing may also be needed to control water erosion. time. Contour ditches and corrugations can be used in ir- 26 SOIL SURVEY shale is about 18 inches. Permeability is moderate. Availa- plication of barnyard manure and commercial fertili ble water capacity is low. The effective rooting depth is Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop resi 10 to 20 inches. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and are important. the erosion hazard is moderate. In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wh This unit is used as rangeland and wildlife habitat. The barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is plantec potential native vegetation is dominated by alkali sacaton, winter wheat and is summer fallowed in alternate yr western wheatgrass, and blue grama. Buffalograss, to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitatio sideoats grama, needleandthread, little bluestem, sedge, too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. winterfat, and fourwing saltbush are also present. Poten- Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum tial production ranges from 800 pounds per acre in lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosi favorable years to 500 pounds in unfavorable years. As The potential native vegetation on this range sit, range condition deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and 1 and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats gra nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Poter Management of vegetation on this unit should be based production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in fav on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As ra tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgr Western wheatgrass, blue grama, alkali sacaton, sideoats and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand drops. grama, little bluestem, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses inv wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected the site as range condition becomes poorer. should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can Management of vegetation on this soil should be ha be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be on taking half and leaving half of the total annual pro( drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condit spring has proven most successful. Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, side( Rangeland wildlife, such as antelope, cottontail, and grams, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and ere: coyote, are best suited to this unit. Because forage wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selec production is typically low, grazing management is needed should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It if livestock and wildlife share the range. Livestock water- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it car ing facilities also are utilized by various wildlife species. drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding ear13 The nearby cropland makes areas of this unit valuable as spring has proven most successful. escape cover for openland wildlife, especially pheasants. Windbreak and environmental plantings are gener Capability subclass VIe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Shaly not suited to this soil. Onsite investigation is needec Plains range site. determine if plantings are feasible. 37—Nelson fine sandy loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. ' This is a moderately deep, well drained soil on plains at cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-nee elevations of 4,800 to 5,050 feet. It formed in residuum pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species from soft sandstone. Included in mapping are small areas be developed by establishing areas for nesting and esc of soils that have sandstone at a depth of more than 40 cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is est inches. tial and should be included in plans for habitat deve Typically the surface layer is light brownish gray fine ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Rai sandy loam about 9 inches thick. The underlying material land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, car is light olive brown fine sandy loam. Soft sandstone is at attracted by developing livestock watering facilit a depth of about 30 inches. managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where need, Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water The underlying sandstone is the most limiting feat capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to of this soil. Neither septic tank absorption fields 40 inches. Surface runoff is slow to medium, and the ero- sewage lagoons operate properly. Site preparation sion hazard is low. dwellings is more costly. Environmental and beautif This soil is suited to most of the irrigated crops corn- tion plantings of trees and shrubs may be difficult monly grown in the area, but it is somewhat restricted establish. This soil, however, does have good potential because it is only moderately deep. A suitable cropping such recreational development as camp and picnic ar system is corn, corn for silage, barley, 3 to 4 years of al- and playgrounds. Capability subclass Ills irrigated, falfa, and wheat. This soil is also well suited to irrigated nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. pasture. 38—Nelson fine sandy loam, 3 to 9 percent slot Row crops can be irrigated by furrows or sprinklers. This is a moderately deep, well drained snit 6n'plain; Flooding from contour ditches and sprinkling are suitable elevations of 4,800 to 5,050 feet. It formed in reside in irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Small heads derived from soft sandstone. Included in mapping of water and short runs help to reduce erosion. Produc- small areas of soils that have sandstone at a depth tion can be maintained with frequent irrigations and ap- more than 40 inches. WELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 27 Typically the surface layer is light brownish gray fine establish. This soil, however, does have good potential for sandy loam about 8 inches thick. The underlying material such recreational development as camp and picnic areas is light olive brown fine sandy loam. Soft sandstone is at and playgrounds. Capability subclass IVe irrigated, VIe a depth of about 28 inches. nonirrigated; Sandy Plains range site. Permeability is moderately rapid. Available water 39—Nunn loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a deep, capacity is moderate. The effective rooting depth is 20 to well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,550 to 5,000 40 inches. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the ero- feet. It formed in mixed alluvium. Included in mapping sion hazard is moderate. are small, long and narrow areas of sand and gravel This soil is suited to limited cropping. Intensive deposits and small areas of soil that are subject to occa- cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The cropping sional flooding. Some small leveled areas are also in- system should be limited to such close grown crops as al- eluded. falfa, wheat, and barley. This soil is also suited to ir- Typically the surface layer of this Nunn soil is grayish rigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 brown loam about 12 inches thick. The subsoil is light years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small brownish gray clay loam about 12 inches thick. The upper grain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. part of the substratum is light brownish gray clay loam. Close grown crops can be irrigated from closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers. Contour furrows or sprin- The lower part to a depth of 60 inches is brown sandy klers should be used for new crops. Applications of loam. nitrogen and phosphorus help in maintaining good produc- Permeability hig is tive slow. depth is 60 inches es tion. capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is The potential native vegetation on this range site is or more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue low. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- • ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favors- ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac- and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade tices are needed to maintain top yields. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- the site as range condition becomes poorer. Management of vegetation on this soil should be based rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and coin- --- an taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well suited to this soil. Cultivation to control competing grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected vegetation should be continued for as many years as possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush, lilac, spring has proven most successful. Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally Siberian peashrub, and American plum. not suited. Onsite investigation is needed to determine if Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The plantings are feasible. cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can cropland areas provide wildlife habitat for ring-necked be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- This soil has fair to poor potential for urban develop- ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- ment. It has moderate to high shrink swell, low strength, land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be and moderately slow permeability. These features create attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, problems in dwelling and road construction. Those areas managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. that have loam or sandy loam in the lower part of the The underlying sandstone is the most limiting feature substratum are suitable for septic tank absorption fields of this soil. Neither septic tank absorption fields nor and foundations. Some areas are adjacent to streams and sewage lagoons operate properly. Site preparation for are subject to occasional flooding. This soil has fair poten- dwellings is more costly. Environmental and beautifica- tial for such recreational development as camp and picnic ^'ion plantings of trees and shrubs may be difficult to areas and playgrounds. Capability class I irrigated. 34 SOIL SURVEY or drilled into a firm, clean sorghum stubble. Seeding tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of early in spring has proven most successful. Brush vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation management can also help to improve deteriorated range. may be needed at the time of planting and during dry Windbreaks and environmental plantings are fairly well periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival suited to this soil. Blowing sand and low available water are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa capacity are the principal hazards in establishing trees pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The and shrubs. This soil is so loose that trees should be shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- planted in shallow furrows, and vegetation is needed an peashrub. between the rows. Supplemental irrigation may needed Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. to insure survival. Trees that are best suited and have Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non- good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern game species can be attracted by establishing areas for redcedar, ponderosa pine, and Siberian elm. The shrubs nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberian nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans peashrub. for habitat development, especially Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The agriculture. pin areas of intensive cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can has resulted in urbanization of much--of--this-Otero soil. be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape This soil has excellent potential for urban and recrea- cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- tional development. The only limiting feature is the tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- moderately rapid permeability in the substratum, which ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Range- causes a hazard of ground water contamination from land wildlife, for example, the pronghorn antelope, can be sewage lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. attracted by developing livestock watering facilities, Capability subclass Its irrigated. managing livestock grazing, and reseeding where needed. 51—Otero sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a Few areas of this soil are in major growth and ur- deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,700 to banized centers. The chief limiting feature is the rapid 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian permeability in the substratum, widen causes a hazard of deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that ground water contamination from seepage. Potential for have loam and clay loam underlying material. recreation is poor because of the sandy surface layer. Typically the surface layer is brown sandy loam about Capability subclass IVe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Deep 12 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 Sand range site. inches is pale brown calcareous fine sandy loam.w y sandyscapacity deep, ell drain dsoil on s percent smooth plains at opes,This is elevations moderate.rb The effectility is ive rooting depth id. Available water is60inches or 4,700 to 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that low. have loam and clay loam underlying material. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It Typically the surface layer is brown sandy loam about is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area. Land 12 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipelines may be inches is pale brown calcareous fine sandy loam, needed for proper water application. Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and corn- more. Surface runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. low. In nonirrigated areas this soil is suited to winter wheat, This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is planted to is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- winter wheat. The predicted average yield is 28 bushels ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in alternate years and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 to allow moisture accumulation. Generally precipitaiton is to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Generally, such charac- Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- teristics as a high clay content or a rapidly permeable lage are needed to control water erosion. Terracing also substratum slightly restrict some crops. may be needed to control water erosion. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- The potential native vegetation on this range site is rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer- grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, Wr`t COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART ^ 35 and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, should be grown at least 50 percent of the time. Contour and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade ditches and corrugations can be used in irrigating close site as range condition becomes poorer. grown crops and pasture. Furrows, contour furrows, and ,,janagement of vegetation on this soil should be based cross slope furrows are suitable for row crops. Sprinkler of ing half and leaving half of the total annual produc- irrigation is also desirable. Keeping tillage to a minimum tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. and utilizing crop residue help to control erosion. Main- Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats taining fertility is important. Crops respond to applica- grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested tions of phosphorus and nitrogen. wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected The potential native vegetation on this site is should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue be seeded into a clean, firm stubble, or it can be drilled grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential proven most successful. production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favora- Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cut- and switchgrass decrease, and blue grama, sand dropseed, tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation the site as range condition becomes poorer. may be needed at the time of planting and during dry Management of vegetation on this soil should be based periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested an peashrub. wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be game species can be attracted by establishing areas for drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed spring has proven most successful. nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in riculture. establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- pid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of l._. resulted in urbanization of much of this Otero soil. vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation This soil has excellent potential for urban and recrea- may be needed at the time of planting and during dry tional development. The only limiting feature is the periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival moderately rapid permeability in the substratum, which are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa causes a hazard of ground water contamination from pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The sewage lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- Capability subclass IIIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; an peashrub. Sandy Plains range site. Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. 52—Otero sandy loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes. This is a Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non- deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,700 to game species can be attracted by establishing areas for 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans have loam and clay loam underlying material. Also in- for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive eluded are small areas of soils that have sandstone and agriculture. shale within a depth of 60 inches. Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area Typically the surface layer of this Otero soil is brown has resulted in urbanization of much of this Otero soil. sandy loam about 10 inches thick. The underlying material The soil has excellent potential for urban and recreational to a depth of 60 inches is pale brown calcareous fine development. The only limiting feature is the moderately sandy loam. rapid permeability in the substratum, which causes a Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is hazard of ground water contamination from sewage moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or lagoons. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capability more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is subclass IIIe irrigated, VIe nonirrigated; Sandy Plains low• range site. This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It 53—Otero sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes. This is a is suited to the crops commonly grown in the area. deep, well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,700 to perennial grasses and alfalfa or close growing crops 5,250 feet. It formed in mixed outwash and eolian 36 SOIL SURVEY deposits. Included in mapping are small areas of soils that Rapid expansion of Greeley and the surrounding area have sandstone and shale within a depth of 60 inches. has resulted in urbanization of much of this Otero soil. Typically the surface layer is brown sandy loam about This soil has excellent potential for urban and recrea- 10 inches thick. The underlying material to a depth of 60 tional development. The primary limiting feature is the inches is pale brown calcareous fine sandy loam. Permeability is rapid. Available water capacity is moderately rapid permeability in the substratum, which m moderate. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or causess a hazard of ground water d contamination from more. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion preparation r lagoons. aT oft are additional shrubs,costs in ees hazard is low. because of slope. Lawns, and trees This soil is suited to limited cro grow well. Capability subclass IVe irrigated, Vie nonir- pping. Intensive rigated; Sandy Plains range site. cropping is hazardous because of erosion. The cropping 54—Paoli loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes. This is a deep, system should be limited to such close grown crops as al- well drained soil on terraces at elevations of 4,700 to 5,250 falfa, wheat, and barley. This soil also is suited to ir- feet. It formed in alluvial deposits. Included in mapping rigated pasture. A suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 are small areas of soils that have a loamy sand surface years of alfalfa followed by 2 years of corn and small layer. rain and alfalfa seeded with a nurse crop. Typically the surface layer is grayish brown loam and Closely spaced contour ditches or sprinklers can be used in irrigating close grown crops. Contour furrows or mfiine rsial to a andy loam about 605 inches shlg The undhrlyray sprinklers should be used for new crops. Applications of fine sandy loamepth of inches is light brownish gray nitrogen and phosphorus help in maintaining good produc- tion. Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is The potential native vegetation on this range site is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface runoff is very slow, and the erosion hazard is low.dominated by sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, and blue This soil is used almost entirely for irrigated crops. It grama. Needleandthread, switchgrass, sideoats grama, and western wheatgrass are also prominent. Potential is suited to all crops commonly grown in the area, includ- ing corn, sugar beets, beans, alfalfa, small grain, potatoes, production ranges from 2,200 pounds per acre in favors- ble years to 1,800 pounds in unfavorable years. As range and onions. An example of a suitable cropping system is 3 condition deteriorates, the sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, to 4 years of alfalfa followed by corn, corn for silage, and switchgrass decrease and blue grama, sand dropseed, sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Such characteristics as and sand sage increase. Annual weeds and grasses invade the rapidly permeable substratum slightly restrict some the site as range condition becomes poorer. crops. Management of vegetation on this soil should be based All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- rigation is the most common. Proper irrigation water tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. management is essential. Barnyard manure and commer- Sand bluestem, sand reedgrass, switchgrass, sideoats cial fertilizer are needed for top yields. grama, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally in wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected suited to this soil. Soil blowin the should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can establishing trees and shrubs, gain be controlledrincipal aby dCul- be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation spring has proven most successful. may be needed at the time of planting and during dry Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival suited to this soil. Soil blowing, the principal hazard in are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa establishing trees and shrubs, can be controlled by cul- pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The tivating only in the tree row and by leaving a strip of shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- vegetation between the rows. Supplemental irrigation an peashrub. may be needed at the time of planting and during dry Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. The periods. Trees that are best suited and have good survival cropland areas provide favorable habitat for ring-necked are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa Pheasant and mourning dove. Many nongame species can pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The be attracted by establishing areas for nesting and escape shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, and Siberi- cover. For pheasants, undisturbed nesting cover is essen- an peashrub. tial and should be included in plans for habitat develop- Wildlife is an important secondary use of this soil. ment, especially in areas of intensive agriculture. Ring-necked pheasant, mourning dove, and many non- In areas protected from flooding, this soil has good game species can be attracted by establishing areas for potential for urban and recreational development. The nesting and escape cover. For pheasants, undisturbed chief limiting feature is the rapid permeability in the sub- nesting cover is essential and should be included in plans stratum, which causes a hazard of ground water con- for habitat development, especially in areas of intensive tamination from sewage lagoons. Road designs should be agriculture. modified to compensate for the moderate frost potential. 52 SOIL SURVEY the limited capacity of this soil to support a load. Capa- Management of vegetation on this soil should be based bility class I irrigated. on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- 82—Wiley-Colby complex. 1 to 3 percent sloops. This tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. —.nearly level map unit is on smooth plains in the western Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass, blue 3art of the survey area at elevations of 4,850 to 5,000 grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are feet. The Wiley soil makes up about 60 percent of the suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the unit, and the Colby soil about 30 percent. About 10 per- seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into cent is Heldt silty clay and Weld loam. a clean, firm sorghum stubble or it can be drilled into a The Wiley soil is deep and well drained. It formed in firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer is proven most successful. pale brown silt loam about 11 inches thick. The subsoil is Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally pale brown silty clay loam about 23 inches thick. The sub- well suited to these soils. Cultivation to control competing stratum to a depth of 60 inches is very pale brown silty vegetation should be continued for as many years as clay loam. possible following planting. Trees that are best suited and Permeability is moderately slow. Available water have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and or more. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, hazard is moderate. lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. The Colby soil also is deep and well drained and formed Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove, in calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer and cottontail are best suited to these soils. Wildlife is pale brown loam about 7 inches thick. The underlying habitat development, including tree and shrub plantings material is very pale brown silt loam to a depth of 60 and grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be inches. successful without irrigation during most years. Under ir- Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is rigation, good wildlife habitat can be established, benefit- high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. ing many kinds of openland wildlife. Surface runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is The Wiley soil has only fair potential for urban and moderate. recreational development. Slow permeability, moderate This map unit is used for irrigated and nonirrigated shrink-swell potential, and limited bearing capacity cause cropland and for rangeland, wildlife habitat, and urban problems in dwelling and road construction. The Colby development. soil has good potential for urban and recreational develop- In irrigated areas these soils are suited to all crops ment. Road design can be modified to compensate for the ,ommonly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets, limited capacity of this soil to support a load. Capability beans, alfalfa, small grain, and onions. An example of a subclass IIe irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Loamy Plains suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa fol- range site. lowed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or 83—Wiley-Colby complex. 3 to 5 percent slopes. This beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipelines gently sloping map unit is on plains at elevations of 4,850 may be needed for proper water applications. to 5,000 feet. The Wiley soil makes up about 60 percent of All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- the unit, and the Colby soil about 30 percent. About 10 rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- percent is Heldt silty clay and Weld loam. mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. The Wiley soil is deep and well drained. It formed in In nonirrigated areas these soils are suited to winter calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer is wheat, barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is pale brown silt loam about 11 inches thick. The subsoil is planted to winter wheat. The predicted average yield is pale brown silty clay loam about 23 inches thick. The sub- 28 bushels per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in al- stratum to a depth of 60 inches is very pale brown silty ternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally clay loam. precipitation is too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. Permeability is moderately slow. Available water Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- capacity is high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. or more. Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the ero- Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. sion hazard is moderate. The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue The Colby soil also is deep and well drained and formed grama. Several mid grasses such as western wheatgrass in calcareous eolian deposits. Typically the surface layer and needleandthread are also present. Potential produc- is pale brown loam about 7 inches thick. The underlying tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years material is very pale brown silt loam to a depth of 60 to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition inches. deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease; blue grama, buf- Permeability is moderate. Available water capacity is falograss, snakeweed, yucca and fringed sage increase; high. The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- Surface runoff is medium to rapid, and the erosion hazard ^nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. is moderate. w ) COUNTY, COLORADO, SOUTHERN PART 53 This unit is used for irrigated and nonirrigated The Wiley soil has only fair potential for urban and cropland and for rangeland, wildlife habitat, and urban recreational development. Slow permeability, moderate elopment. shrink-swell potential, and limited bearing capacity cause irrigated areas these soils are suited to the crops problems in dwelling and road construction. The Colby cc mly grown in the area. Perennial grasses and alfal- soil has good potential for urban and recreational develop- fa or close grown crops should be grown at least 50 per- ments. Road design can be modified to compensate for cent of the time. Contour ditches and corrugations can be the limited capacity of this soil to support a load. Capa- used in irrigating close grown crops and pasture. Fur- bility subclass life irrigated, IVe nonirrigated; Loamy rows, contour furrows, and cross slope furrows are suita- Plains range site. ble for row crops. Sprinkler irrigation is also desirable. Keeping tillage to a minimum and utilizing crop residue Use and management of the soils help to control erosion. Maintaining fertility is important. Crops respond to applications of phosphorus and nitrogen. The soil survey is a detailed inventory and evaluation In nonirrigated areas these soils are suited to winter of the most basic resource of the survey area—the soil. It wheat, barley, and sorghum. Most of the acreage is is useful in adjusting land use, including urbanization, to planted to winter wheat. The predicted average yield is the limitations and potentials of natural resources and the 28 bushels per acre. The soil is summer fallowed in al- environment. Also, it can help avoid soil-related failures ternate years to allow moisture accumulation. Generally in uses of the land. precipitation is too low for beneficial use of fertilizer. While a soil survey is in progress, soil scientists, con- Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- servationists, engineers, and others keep extensive notes lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. about the nature of the soils and about unique aspects of Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. behavior of the soils. These notes include data on erosion, The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue drought damage to specific crops, yield estimates, flood- grama. Several mid grasses, such as western wheatgrass ing, the functioning of septic tank disposal systems, and and needleandthread, are also present. Potential produc- other factors affecting the productivity, potential, and tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years limitations of the soils under various uses and manage- to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition ment. In this way, field experience and measured data on deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease; blue grama, but- soil properties and performance are used as a basis for falograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase; predicting soil behavior. d forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- Information in this section is useful in planning use and �'- invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. management of soils for crops, pasture, and rangeland, as nagement of vegetation on these soils should be sites for buildings, highways and other transportation based on taking half and leaving half of the total annual systems, sanitary facilities, and parks and other recrea- production. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor tion facilities, and for wildlife habitat. From the data condition. Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheat- presented, the potential of each soil for specified land grass, blue grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested uses can be determined, soil limitations to these land uses can be identified, and costly failures in houses and other wheatgrass are suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the seasonal requirements of livestock. It can structures, caused by unfavorable soil properties, can be be seeded into a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be avoided. A site where soil properties are favorable can be drilled into a firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in selected, or practices that will overcome the soil limita- tions can be planned. spring has proven most successful. Planners and others using the soil survey can evaluate Windbreaks and environmental plantings of trees and the impact of specific land uses on the overall productivi- shrubs commonly grown in the area are generally well ty of the survey area or other broad planning area and on suited to these soils. Cultivation to control competing the environment. Productivity and the environment are vegetation should be continued for as many years as closely related to the nature of the soil. Plans should possible following plantings. Trees that are best suited maintain or create a land-use pattern in harmony with the and have good survival are Rocky Mountain juniper, east- natural soil. em redcedar, ponderosa pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, Contractors can find information that is useful in locat- and hackberry. The shrubs best suited are skunkbush ing sources of sand and gravel, roadfill, and topsoil. Other sumac, lilac, Siberian peashrub, and American plum. information indicates the presence of bedrock, wetness, or Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove, very firm soil horizons that cause difficulty in excavation. and cottontail, are best suited to these soils. Wildlife Health officials, highway officials, engineers, and many habitat development, including tree and shrub plantings other specialists also can find useful information in this and grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be soil survey. The safe disposal of wastes, for example, is successful without irrigation during most years. Under ir- closely related to properties of the soil. Pavements, side- ligation, good wildlife habitat can be established, benefit- walks, campsites, playgrounds, lawns, and trees and ',3jnany kinds of openland wildlife. shrubs are influenced by the nature of the soil. AGPROfessionals,LLC 11.09.2004 Appendix B • 25-year, 24-hour&10-year, 10-day storm and pond capacity calculations • Table 1: Stormwater Accumulation Calculation (Average Years' Precipitation) • Table 2: Stormwater Accumulation Calculation (10-Wettest Years in Recorded History) • Process Wastewater Production Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 9 Aurora Organic Dairy 26-year,24-hour&10-year,10-day Storm Events&Pond Capacity Calculations dI25-year,24-hour storm amount taken off of NOAA ATLAS Z Volume Ill- 25 year,24-hour event sopluvials of 25-yr,24-hr precipitation map,and within the immediate Earthen Concrete& rea of the facility. Areas Roof Areas Pasture Total Applicable Storm Event for Location,inches I 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 SCS Runoff Curve Number (90 for unsurfaced lots) 90 97 65 I (97 for surfaced lots) S(potential max retention after runoff begins),inches 1.11 0.309 5.385 Surface Area of Drainage Basins,acres 28.8 2.3 14.5 45.6 (Separate different drainage areas) (Include pens,alleys,mill areas,working areas,etc.) Inches of Runoff using SCS Runoff Curve Factor I 2.92 3.65 1.03 Minimum Retention Capacity Required,acre-feet 7.01 0.69 1.24 8.95 Surface Area of Retention Structures,acres I 4.11 Amount of Rainfall Directly on Pond Surface,acre-feet 1.37 Total Containment Capacity Required,acre-feet 10.3 10-year, 10-day storm amount taken from NRCS calculated data of 10- 10-year,10-day event year events according to Colorado General CAFO Permit requirements,and from the nearest station to the facility(Longmont, Earthen Concrete& CO) Areas Roof Areas Pasture Total Applicable Storm Event for Location,inches I 5.05 5.05 5.05 5.05 SCS Runoff Curve Number (81 for unsurfaced lots)' 81 94 46 I (94 for surfaced lots)* S(potential max retention after runoff begins),inches 2.35 0.638 11.739 Surface Area of Drainage Basins,acres 28.8 2.3 14.5 45.6 (Separate different drainage areas) (Include pens,alleys,mill areas,working areas,etc.) Inches of Runoff using SCS Runoff Curve Factor I 3.03 4.36 0.51 Minimum Retention Capacity Required,acre-feet 7.28 0.83 0.61 8.71 Surface Area of Retention Structures,acres I 4.11 Amount of Rainfall Directly on Pond Surface,acre-feet 1.73 Total Containment Capacity Required,acre-feet 10.4 ----- Taken from Table 2-3 B of NAGS publication`Technical Release 60,Design of Earth Dams and Reservoirs',adjusted curve numer from 24 ..ours to 10 days. Total Capacity Required for Regulatory Storm Event,acre-feet 10.4 Total Capacity Available,acre-feet 20.4 Excess Capacity over Regulatory Requirement,acre-feet 10.0 Months Process Water Storage,acre-feet _ - Optimum Capacity for Stormwater&Process Water,acre-feet 10.4 Total Capacity Available,acre-feet 20.4 Excess Capacity over Optimum,acre-feet 10.0 Pond Capacities Pond#1 Pond#2 Pond#3 Cumulative Area @ Depth, Cumulative Area @ Cumulative Depth,ft Area @ Depth,ft2 Vol.,A.F. ft2 Vol.,A.F. Depth,ft2 Vol.,A.F. 0 3,024 - 3,024 - 48,210 - 2 6,314 0.21 6,314 0.21 55,675 2.38 4 9,843 0.59 9,843 0.59 63,584 5.12 6 13,629 1.12 13,629 1.12 71,847 8.23 8 Top Top 80,466 11.7 10 89,441 Totals (Cubic-Feet) 48,967 48,967 510,888 (Acre-Feet) 1.12 1.12 11.7 (Gallons) 366,295 366,295 3,821,667 Pond#4 Cumulative Depth,ft Area @ Depth,ftVol.,A.F. 0 38,106 - 2 43,783 1.88 4 49,720 4.03 6 55,883 6.45 8 62,272 Totals (Cubic-Feet) 280,995 889,817 (Acre-Feet) 6.45 20A (Gallons) 2,101,966 6,656,223 AGPROfessionals,LLC 1 of 1 Eric W. Dunker, P.E. Aurora Organic Dairy Table 1:Stormwater Accumulation Calculation(Average Years'Precipitation) Init.Volume ^(I Process Water Generated!GPD= Pond Surface Area,err 178,971 Evaporation Area,ft = 163,607 0 Precip.• Percent Runoff Area Total Runoff Lake Evap. Evap.Area Total Evap. Process-H20 Net Change Amt. Pumped Vol In Lagoon Annual Pumped Month (inches) Runoff (Acres) (Acre-Ft.) (inches)"' (Acres) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) Jan 0.41 5.8% 45.58 0.23 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.14) - Feb 0.38 5.7% 45.58 0.21 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.23) - Mar 1,09 6.0% 45.58 0.62 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.07) - Apr 1.70 8.5% 45.58 1.13 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.00 0.00 r May 2.47 17.6% 45.58 2.49 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 0.99 0.99 " Jun 1.71 14.5% 45.58 1.53 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.29) 0.71 - 10 ca Jul 1.11 13.4% 45.58 0.95 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.93) - } Aug 1.24 12.5% 45.58 1.01 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.68) - Sep 1.24 14.4% 45.58 1.10 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.15) - Oct 1.31 11.5% 45.58 1.02 2.80 3.76 0.88 - 0.14 0.14 Nov 0.68 6.0% 45.58 0.39 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.11) 0.03 Dec 0.46 6.0% 45.58 0.26 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.11) - Jan 0.41 5.8% 45.58 0.23 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.14) - Feb 0,38 5.7% 45.58 0.21 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.23) - Mar 1.09 6.0% 45.58 0.62 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.07) - Apr 1.70 8.5% 45.58 1.13 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.00 0.00 N May 2.47 17.6% 45.58 2.49 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 0.99 0.99 't Jun 1.71 14.5% 45.58 1.53 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.29) 0.71 m Jul 1.11 13.4% 45.58 0.95 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.93) - T Aug 1.24 12.5% 45.58 1.01 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.68) - Sep 1.24 14.4% 45.58 1.10 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0A5) - Oct 1.31 11.5% 45.58 1.02 2.80 3.76 0.88 - 0.14 0.14 Nov 0.68 6.0% 45.58 0.39 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.11) 0.03 Dec 0.46 6.0% 45.58 0.26 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.11) - Jan 0.41 5.8% 45.58 0.23 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.14) - Feb 0.38 5.7% 45.58 0.21 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.23) - Mar 1.09 6.0% 45.58 0.62 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.07) - ,-,. Apr 1.70 8.5% 45.58 1.13 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.00 0.00 co May 2.47 17.6% 45.58 2.49 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 0.99 0.99 '° Jun 1.71 14.5% 45.58 1.53 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.29) 0.71 - m Jul 1.11 13.4% 45.58 0.95 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.93) - Aug 1.24 12.5% 45.58 1,01 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.68) - Sep 1.24 14.4% 45.58 1.10 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.15) - Oct 1.31 11.5% 45.58 1.02 2.80 3.76 0.88 - 0.14 0.14 Nov 0.68 6.0% 45.58 0.39 1.60 3.76 _ 0.50 - (0.11) 0.03 Dec 0.46 6.0% 45.58 0.26 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.11) - Jan 0.41 5.8% 45.58 0,23 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.14) - Feb 0.38 5.7% 45.58 0.21 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.23) - Mar 1.09 6.0% 45.58 0.62 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.07) - Apr 1.70 8.5% 45.58 1.13 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.00 0.00 y. May 2.47 17,6% 45.58 2.49 4,80 3.76 1.50 - 0.99 0.99 a° Jun 1.71 14.5% 45.58 1.53 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.29) 0.71 - °1°i Jul 1.11 13.4% 45.58 0.95 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.93) } Aug 1.24 12.5% 45.58 1.01 5.40 3,76 1.69 - (0.68) - Sep 1.24 14.4% 45.58 1.10 4.00 376 1.25 - (0.15) - Oct 1.31 11.5% 45,58 1.02 2,80 3.76 0.88 - 0.14 0.14 Nov 0.68 6.0% 45.58 0.39 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.11) 0.03 Dec 0.46 6.0% 45.58 0.26 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.11) - Jan 0.41 5.8% 45.58 0.23 1.20 3.76 0,38 - ' (0.14) - Feb 0.38 5.7% 45,58 0.21 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.23) - Mar 1.09 6.0% 45.58 0.62 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.07) - Apr 1.70 8.5% 45.58 1.13 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.00 0.00 rn May 2.47 17.6% 45.58 2.49 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 0.99 0.99 a Jun 1.71 14.5% 45.58 1.53 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.29) 0.71 - °1°i Jul 1.11 13.4% 45.58 0.95 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.93) Y Aug 1,24 12.5% 45.58 1.01 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.68) - Sep 1.24 14.4% 45.58 1,10 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.15) - Oct 1.31 11.5% 45.58 1.02 2.80 3.76 0,88 - 0.14 0.14 Nov 0.68 6.0% 45.58 0.39 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.11) 0.03 Dec 0.46 6.0% 45.58 0.26 1.20 3.76 0,38 - (0.11) - Maximum Volume Pumped= - Average Volume in Pond= 0.16 Maximum Volume in Pond= 0.99 Precipitation for Longmont,CO,NOAA "SCS,National Engineering Handbook '*Evaporation for Longmont,CO,NOAA AgPro Environmental Services, LLC 1 of 1 Eric W. Dunker, P.E. Aurora Organic Dairy Table 2:Stormwater Accumulation Calculation(10-Wettest Years In Recorded History) Init.Volume Process Water Generated,GPD= Pond Surface Area,ft'= 178,971 Evaporation Area,ft'= 163,607 0 Precip.' Percent Runoff Area Total Runoff Lake Evap. Evap.Area Total Evap. Process-H20 Net Change Amt. Pumped Vol.In Lagoon Annual Pumped Month (inches) Runoff (Acres) (Acre-Ft.) (inches)"' (Acres) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) Jan 0.26 5.8% 45.58 0.15 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.23) - Feb 0.15 5.7% 45.58 0.08 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.35) - Mar 0.71 6.0% 45.58 0.40 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.28) - m Apr 1.35 8.5% 45.58 0.90 3.60 3.76 1.13 - (0.23) - m May 6.86 17.6% 45.58 6.92 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 5.42 5.42 Jun 1.21 14.5% 45.58 1.08 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.73) 4.68 - = Jul 0.52 13.4% 45.58 0.44 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (1.44) 3.25 m Aug 1.35 12.5% 45.58 1.10 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.59) 2.66 } Sep 0.11 14.4% 45.58 0.10 4.00 3.76 1.25 • - (1.15) 1.51 Oct 2.14 11.5% 45.58 1.67 2.80 3.76 0.88 - 0.79 2.30 Nov 0.04 6.0% 45.58 0.02 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.48) 1.82 Dec 0.88 6.0% 45.58 0.50 1.20 3.76 0.38 - 0.13 1.95 Jan 0.27 5.8% 45.58 0.15 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.22) 1.72 Feb 0.26 5.7% 45.58 0.14 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.29) 1.43 Mar 1.51 6.0% 45.58 0.86 2.20 3.76 0.69 - 0.17 1.60 m Apr 1.94 8.5% 45.58 1.29 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.16 1.76 m May 4.31 17.6% 45.58 4.35 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 2.85 4.61 N Jun 2.52 14.5% 45.58 2.25 5.80 3.76 1.82 - 0.44 5.05 - a Jul 0.48 13.4% 45.58 0.41 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (1.47) 3.58 m Aug 3.99 12.5% 45.58 3.25 5.40 3.76 1.69 - 1.56 5.14 > Sep 0.74 14.4% 45.58 0.66 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.59) 4.55 Oct 0.85 11.5% 45.58 0.66 2.80 3.76 0.88 - (0.21) 4.33 Nov 1.92 6.0% 45.58 1.09 1.60 3.76 0.50 - 0.59 4,93 Dec 1.47 6.0% 45.58 0.84 1.20 3.76 0.38 - 0.46 5.39 Jan 1.13 5.8% 45.58 0.64 1.20 3.76 0.38 - 0.26 5.65 Feb 0.62 5.7% 45.58 0.35 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.09) 5.56 —+ Mar 1.12 6.0% 45.58 0.64 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.05) 5.51 j Apr 2.04 8.5% 45.58 1.36 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.23 5.74 co May 4.25 17.6% 45.58 4.29 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 2.79 8.52 m Jun 0.04 14.5% 45.58 0.04 5.60 3.76 1.82 - (1.78) 6.74 - a Jul 0.72 13.4% 45.58 0.61 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (1.26) 5.48 m Aug 0.93 12.5% 45.58 0.76 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.93) 4.55 >- Sep 0.52 14.4% 45.58 0.46 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.79) 3.76 Oct 0.75 11.5% 45.58 0.58 2.80 3.76 0.88 - (0.29) 3.46 Nov 0.15 6.0% 45.58 0.09 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.42) 3.05 Dec 0.12 6.0% 45.58 0.07 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.31) 2.74 Jan 0.17 5.8% 45.58 0.10 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.28) 2.46 Feb 0.22 5.7% 45.58 0.12 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.32) 2.15 Mar 2.34 6.0% 45.58 1.33 2.20 3.76 0.69 - 0.65 2.79 Apr 0.96 8.5% 45.58 0.64 3.60 3.76 1.13 - (0.49) 2.30 m May 3.17 17.6% 45.58 3.20 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 1.70 4.00 Jun 0.28 14.5% 45.58 0.25 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (1.57) 2.44 a Jul 0.95 13.4% 45.58 0.81 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (1.07) 1.37 m Aug 0.73 12.5% 45.58 0.60 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (1.09) 0.27 } Sep 0.87 14.4% 45.58 0.77 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.48) - Oct 0.28 11.5% 45.58 0.22 2.80 3.76 0.88 - (0.66) - Nov 0.10 6.0% 45.58 0.06 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.44) - Dec 0.66 6.0% 45.58 0.38 1.20 3.76 0.38 - 0.00 0.00 Jan 0.09 5.8% 45.58 0.05 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.32) - Feb 0.15 5.7% 45.58 0.08 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.35) - Mar 0.31 6.0% 45.58 0.18 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.51) - Apr 0.10 8.5% 45.58 0.07 3.60 3.76 1.13 - (1.06) - ro m May 3.62 17.6% 45.58 3.65 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 2.15 2.15 N Jun 2.38 14.5% 45.58 2.13 5.80 3.76 1.82 - 0.31 2.46 - --- 4t Jul 1.58 13.4% 45.58 1.35 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.53) 1.93 m Aug 1.22 12.5% 45.58 0.99 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.70) 1.23 } Sep 2.53 14.4% 45.58 2.25 4.00 3.76 1.25 - 1.00 2.23 Oct 0.81 11.5% 45.58 0.63 2.80 3.76 0.88 - (0.25) 1.99 Nov 0.39 6.0% 45.58 0.22 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.28) 1.71 Dec 1.57 6.0% 45.58 0.90 1.20 3.76 0.38 - 0.52 2.23 AgPro Environmental Services, LLC 1 of 2 Eric W. Dunker, P.E. Aurora Organic Dairy 1 Table 2:etormwater Accumulation Calculation(10•Wettest Years In Recorded History) Init.Volume Process Water Generated,GPD= Pond Surface Area,ft-7= 176,971 Evaporation Area,ft2= 163,607 0 Precip'I Percent Runoff Area Total Runoff Lake Evap.I Evap.Area I Total Evap. Process-H2O Net Change Amt.Pumped Vol. In Lagoon Annual Pumped Month I (inches) Runoff (Acres) (Acre-Ft.) (inches)"' (Acres) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft) __(Acre-Ft.) _ (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) (Acre-Ft.) Jan 0.01 5.8% 45.58 0.01 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.37) 1.86 Feb 0.11 5.7% 45.58 0.06 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.38) 1.48 Mar 4.69 6.0% 45.58 2.67 2.20 3.76 0.69 - 1.99 3.47 m Apr 1.33 8.5% 45.58 0.88 3.60 3.76 1.13 - (0.24) 3.22 m May 4.94 17.6% 45.58 4.98 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 3.48 6.71 - Jun 2.68 14.5% 45.58 2.39 5.80 3.76 1.82 - 0.58 7.28 a Jul 2.52 13.4% 45.58 2.15 6.00 3.76 1.88 - 0.27 7.55 Li Aug 1.25 12.5% 45.58 1.02 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.67) 6.88 } Sep 0.30 14.4% 45.58 0.27 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.99) 5.90 Oct 0.05 11.5% 45.58 0.04 2.80 3.76 0.88 - (0.84) 5.06 Nov 2.46 6.0% 45.58 1.40 1.60 3.76 0.50 - 0.90 5.96 Dec 0.57 6.0% 45.58 0.33 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.05) 5.91 Jan 0.54 5.8% 45,58 0.30 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.07) 5,84 Feb 0.31 5.7% 45.58 0.17 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.27) 5.57 Mar 1.38 6.0% 45.58 0.79 2.20 3.76 0.69 - 0.10 5.67 v Apr 1.83 8.5% 45,58 1.22 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.09 5.76 co May 0.53 17.6% 45.58 0.53 4.80 3.76 1.50 - (0.97) 4.79 n Jun 1.46 14.5% 45.58 1.30 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.51) 4.28 - # Jul 2.09 13.4% 45.58 1,78 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.10) 4.18 A• ug 1.49 12.5% 45.58 1.21 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.48) 3.71 } Sep 0.32 14.4% 45.58 0.28 4.00 3.76 1,25 - (0.97) 2.74 Oct 2.79 11.5% 45.58 2.17 2.80 3.76 0.88 - 1.30 4.04 Nov 0.11 6.0% 45.58 0.06 1.60 3.76 0.50 - (0.44) 3.60 Dec 0.33 6.0% 45.58 0.19 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.19) 3.41 Jan 0.59 5.8% 45.58 0.33 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.04) 3.37 Feb 0.37 5.7% 45.58 0.21 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.23) 3.14 Mar 0.89 6.0% 45.58 0.51 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.18) 2.96 �-.. 3 Apr 2.13 8.5% 45.58 1.42 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 0.29 3.25 nn May 0.80 17.6% 45.58 0.81 4.80 3.76 1.50 - (0.70) 255 ro Jun 1.50 14.5% 45.58 1.34 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.48) 2.08 - 4t Jul 1.62 13.4% 45.58 1.38 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (0.50) 1.58 d A• ug 0.04 12.5% 45.58 0.03 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (1.66) >- Sep 1.40 14.4% 45.58 1.25 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.01) - Oct 0.74 11.5% 45.58 0.58 2.80 3.76 0.88 - (0.30) - Nov 1.73 6.0% 45.58 0.99 1.60 3.76 0.50 - 0.49 0.49 Dec 1.28 6.0% 45.58 0.73 1.20 3.76 0.38 - 0.35 0.84 Jan 0.04 5.8% 45.58 0.02 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.35) 0.49 Feb 0.32 5.7% 45.58 0.18 1.40 3.76 0.44 - (0.26) 0.23 Mar 0.73 6.0% 45.58 0.42 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.27) - m Apr 3.61 8.5% 45.58 2.40 3.60 3.76 1.13 - 1.27 1.27 co May 1.94 17.6% 45.58 1.96 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 0.46 1.73 m Jun 1.56 14.5% 45.58 1.39 5.80 3.76 1.82 - (0.42) 1.31 - a Jul 0.89 13.4% 45.58 0.76 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (1.12) 019 d Aug 1.15 12.5% 45.58 0.94 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.75) } Sep 0.76 14.4% 45.58 0.68 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.58) - Oct 1.61 11.5% 45.58 1.25 2.80 3.76 0.88 - 0.38 0.38 Nov 1.57 6.0% 45.58 0.90 1.60 3.76 0.50 - 0.39 0.77 Dec 0.34 6.0% 45.58 0.19 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.18) 0.59 Jan 0.58 5.8% 45.58 0.33 1.20 3.76 0.38 - (0.05) 0.54 Feb 1.45 5.7% 45.58 0.81 1.40 3.76 0.44 - 0.37 0.91 Mar 1.00 6.0% 45.58 0.57 2.20 3.76 0.69 - (0.12) 0.79 IC Apr 1.09 8.5% 45.58 0.73 3.60 3.76 1.13 - (0.40) 0.39 °' May 2.08 17.6% 45.58 2,10 4.80 3.76 1.50 - 0.60 0.99 o Jun 2.53 14.5% 45.58 2.26 5.80 3.76 1.82 - 0.44 1.43 a Jul 0.46 13.4% 45.58 0.39 6.00 3.76 1.88 - (1.49) - m` Aug 1.17 12.5% 45.58 0.95 5.40 3.76 1.69 - (0.74) ^> Sep 0.58 14.4% 45,58 0.52 4.00 3.76 1.25 - (0.74) - Oct 0.88 11.5% 45.58 0.69 2.80 3.76 0.88 - (0.19) - Nov 1.28 6.0% 45.58 0.73 1,60 3.76 0.50 - 0.23 0.23 Dec 1.73 6.0% 45.58 0.99 1.20 3.76 0.38 - 0.61 0.84 Maximum Volume Pumped= - Average Volume in Pond= 2.59 Maximum Volume in Pond= 8.52 Precipitation for Longmont,CO,NOAA "SCS,National Engineering Handbook "'Evaporation for Longmont,CO,NOAA AgPro Environmental Services, LLC 2 of 2 Eric W. Dunker, P.E. Aurora Organic Dairy Process Wastewater Production No. of Water Gallons/ Washes Volume Type of Use Wash per Day (GPD) Bulk Tank (Automatic Wash) 100 1 100 Pipeline in Parlor 120 3 360 Miscellaneous Equipment 100 3 300 Parlor Floor Wash 120 3 360 Parlor Floor Flush 1,200 10 12,000 Milk Floor 40 3 120 Total Daily Flow(GPD) 13,240 Design Factor 1.13 Design Flow(GPD) 14,994 Annual Flow(Acre-Feet) 16.80 AgPro Environmental Services, LLC 1 of 1 Eric W. Dunker, P.E. AGPROfessionals,LLC 11.09.2004 Appendix C • Precipitation Log • Manure and/or Compost Removal Log • Pond/Lagoon Inspection Form Aurora Organic Dairy Comprehensive Manure& Wastewater Management Plan 10 PRECIPITATION LOG (Record precipitation after each event&frequently during events if rainfall is intense or for long duration.) Facility Name: _ Year: Rain Gauge Location: Date Time Time Elapsed Beg. Reading End Reading Total Rainfall Comments: MANURE and/or COMPOST REMOVAL LOG (to track manure and/or compost removed from facility by others) Facility Name: Year: Date r # Of loads Average tare-weight Total weight Total weight Person hauled of loads hauled (lbs.) hauled (lbs.) hauled (tons) hauling • Comments: r.. • Pond/Lagoon Inspection Form (Inspect ponds/lagoons monthly.) Facility Name: Pond Name: Person Performing Inspection: Date: Item Yes /No Follow-Up Date Follow-Up Initials Needed? YIN Completed 2 feet freeboard existing? 25-year/24-hour capacity available? Visible bank erosion? Visible seepage on sides or base? Rodent burrows or holes? Trees, stumps or roots on dike? Inlet clear and erosion free? Sludge/Solids accumulation present? Other: Other: Other: Comments: Hello