HomeMy WebLinkAbout830372.tiff- .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
AR192152 ORDINANCE NO. 108
PERMIT NO. _ 8
PERMIT FOR PLOWING GRASSLAND
APPLICANT NAME: Herchel Dillard
ADDRESS: 24806 Pleasant Avenue
Galeton, CO 80623
LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY TO BE CULTIVATED (Map delineating
' the proposed land use change attached) :
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Part of the NEQ of Section 20 , T7N, R64W of the 6th P.M. , Weld
County, Colorado
•
APPROVED SOIL CONSERVATION PLAN ATTACHED. Yes
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PERMIT ISSUED BY THE CLERK TO THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
OF WELD COUNTY, COLORADO.
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Landowner: �t/.22e..cia ,�E
atdu t +Mti I'" uuzs� L '
Dail 4.3 -O- 57.3
Weld Cdltnty Clerk & Recorder
Notary,, , L�'. and Clerk to the $oatd
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,i• �� -S E A 4s9/1�',
, ++Pceicmissapi Expires: 9/6/1 ---1 077C-I'Y i
Deluty County Cl k
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This permit is issued pursuant to Weld County Ordinance No . 108
adopted by the Weld County Board of County Commissioners
on May 19, 1982, and requiring the issuance of permits for
the plowout and cultivation of grassland. Pursuant to Ordi-
nance No. 108, the landowner is required to follow a conserva-
tion plan approved by the local Conservation District Board.
The landowner is advised to contact the local Soil Conserva-
tion District Board for any amendments or updates to the
Conservation Plan .
83O312
RECORDER'S MFVF'Rt,s!DUM
AT THE TIME OF RECOf CATI^^I THIS IN-
STRUMENT WAS FOUND TO BE INADEQUATEFOR THE BEST Pi I DIOCR PFat. REPRCDUCTION
BECAUSE OF ILLEGIBILITY, CARBON OR PHOTO
COPY. DISCOLORED PAPER, ETC ��ll , ""y 3/ F ( /�',
j/Township ---- ..7_k___ , Range Cv 7 , County---- '.z ___ _ ,State. (12*--1--1-
ORDINANCE NO. 108
PERMIT NO. j7, L.
0992 REC
92 592 03/28/83 16 : 07 } }0 2/036
F 0.:7 : n:1 MARY ANN r:E::uE:::R: T±:::a:N t:::►...I:::I:K & RECORDER WELD CO, CO
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FORM 50 F
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NUMPr
West Greeley Soil Conservation District
P.O. Box 86 - Greeley, Colorado 80632
RESOURCE OR LAND USE PLAN REVIEW
NAME: Michael G. Shay (Herchel Dillard, Landowner)
LEGAL DESCRIPTION: Pt. NE4 Section 20, T7N, R64W
DATE OF REVIEW: March 14, 1983 .
ACREAGE BY LAND USE: Non-irrigated Cropland - 106 ac.
Wildlife Area - 30 ac.
CC 2.
PLAN DISPOSITION: Plan approved as presented.
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COMMENTS:
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;) ._Uf S etj Creeiey Soil Conservation District Board
11
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CONSERVATION DEVELOPMENT SELF GOVERNMENT
CONSERVATION PI. MAP
OUR SOIL*0UR STRENGTH Prepared by UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT of AGRICULTURE * SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE SCS CPA•
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CONSERVATION ASSISTANCE NOTEa CONTINUATION SHEET I •80
LAND USER 4e/ --)„
DATE ASSISTED UV NOTES.
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL GUIDE
Soil Conservation Service Section IV
Colorado April 1977
Standards and Specifications
•
CONSERVATION CROPPING SYSTEM
(Code 328)
Standard
- Definition
Growing crops in combination with needed cultural and management
measures. Cropping systems include rotations that contain grasses
= and legumes as well as rotations in which the desired benefits are
achieved without the use of such crops.
Purpose
To improve or maintain good physical condition of the soil ; protect
the soil during periods when erosion usually occurs; help control
weeds , insects , and diseases; and meet the need and desire of farmers
for an economic return.
y. Where applicable
z.-
On all cropland and on certain recreation and wildlife land.
Specifications
1 . Dry Cropland
a. A cropping sequence will be applied that will provide adequate
residue for protection from wind and water erosion.
b. Crop residues will be managed in such a way that soil loss is
held to an acceptable amount.
C.!: c. The Universal Soil -Loss Equation and Wind Erosion Formula will
be used to determine adequacy of the cropping system.
2. Irrigated Cropland
a. Soil Condition Rating Indices for Irrigated Crops, Agronomy
Technical Note #52 dated March 1977, will be used to determine the
adequacy of the cropping sequence and soil fertility management.
b. Crop residues will be managed in accordance with Crop Residue
Use Specifications.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL GUIDE
Soil Conservation Service Section IV
Colorado All Areas
March 1978
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
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STRIPCROPPING, WIND (Code 8'8'5-C)
B 099:? REC 01921592 03.•'26/83 16 : 07 $0.00 13/036
F 039:3 MARY ANN FEUERSTE:I:N CLERK & RECORDER WELD CO, CO
Definition
Growing wind-resisting crops in strips alternating with row crops or
fallow and arranged at angles to offset adverse wind effects.
Purpose
To reduce wind velocity at the soil surface, thereby reducing soil
blowing and damage to crops. To trap snow and increase stored soil
moisture.
Where applicable
On cropland subject to soil blowing and where needed as part of a
cropping system for snow catchment and moisture conservation.
Specifications
Follow guidance set forth in "Guide for Wind Erosion Control on Cropland
in Great Plains States" (Revised 1976), or Agronomy Technical Note #53,
to calculate widths of wind strips.
I. Wheat-Fallow Systems
A. Strips of wheat will be planted alternately with the stubble
from the previous crop; in approximately equal widths to
facilitate rotation.
B. Strips will run approximately perpendicular to the prevailing
wind direction.
C. Maximum Strip Widths (narrower strips provide better protection
and require less protective cover) .
1. 0-2% slope, 660 feet widths
2. 2-5% slope, 330 feet widths
3. 5% or greater slope, 165 feet widths
!-
2
D. Wheat stubble in the protective strips will be left standing
through the critical erosion period. (Nov. through May) .
E. A minimum of 350# of residue will be left on the soil surface
after planting for soils in WEC's 1, 2, 3 & 4. If the Guide
for Wind Erosion Control or Technical Note #53 indicate larger
amounts are needed, then those amounts should be left on the
surface after planting.
c II. Annual Row Crop Systems
A. Strips of high residue producing crops will be grown in alter-
nate strips with erosion susceptible crops. Strips will be
approximately perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.
v 3 B. Width and spacing of protective strips:
1. Row Crop Plants - Minimum width of protective strips will
be the equivalent width of 4 rows spaced 40 inches apart.
Spacing between strips will not exceed 30 feet.
2. Drilled Plants - Minimum width of protective strips will
be two rows (12" - 20" spacing) and the spacing between
strips will not exceed 30 feet.
w v C. The protective crop will be harvested with a combine or mowed
leaving the stubble 12 to 18 inches tall. The protective
residue will be left on the soil surface through the critical
wind erosion season (Nov-May) or until the seedbed is prepared
for the following crop which is expected to occur in early
April. Spring seedbed preparation should result in a ridged
surface for wind erosion protection.
C4 III. Perennial Tall Grass Barriers
} A. Only tall growing species such as Tall wheatgrass, Switchgrass
and Indiangrass will be planted. Range site descriptions or
a Critical Area Planting specifications will be used to deter-
mine specie adaptation.
c.
B. Seedbed preparation will consist of only those operations
necessary to assure a firm soil condition relatively free
of weeds. Planting in residue from a previous crop is
acceptable.
C. Seeding rate specifications will be used to determine amounts
of seed to plant.
D. Barriers shall consist of at least two rows of grass spaced
10-40 inches apart.
3
E. Barrier spacing will not exceed 60 feet. The barriers will
be approximately perpendicular to the prevailing wind direc-
tion. Barriers will be deferred from grazing on a year-round
basis.
F. Weed control will be practiced as needed to.control competition
until grass is well established.
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Technical Guide
Soil Conservation Service Section IV
Colorado All Field Offices
February 1982
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATION
•
CONSERVATION TILLAGE SYSTEM (Acre) 329
Standard
Definition
A form of noniversion tillage that 1 . Zero tillage, slot planting or
retains protective amounts of residue no-till.
mulch- on the surface throughout the
year. These include no-tillage, strip This is a method planting into
tillage, minimum tillage and other prior crop residue by disturb-
types of noninversion tillage. ing only the immediate area of
the row. Crop residue is left
Purpose on the surface for erosion
control.
To protect the soil from erosion and
help maintain or develop good soil 2. Strip tillage.
tilth, and desirable water infiltra-
tion rates and water storage. Tillage operations for seedbed
preparation are limited to a
Conditions where practice applies strip not to exceed one-third
of the distance between rows.
On cropland and on certain other A protective cover of crop
lands where annual vegetation is residue remains on the
grown. balance. Tillage and planting
are accomplished in the same
Planning considerations operation.
Conservation tillage provides a pro- 3. Minimum Tillage
duction system that leaves crop resi-
dues on the surface after planting. Limiting the number of tillage
Crop residues are left standing as operations to those essential
long as possible prior to the succeed- to control weeds, improve soil
ing crop to trap blowing snow. Herbi- aeration, permeability and
cides are used immediately following tilth. Sweeps, rod weeders or
harvest, prior to and during planting, straight shank chisel imple-
to control volunteer grain and other ments will be used.
vegetation.
Specifications
This practice is most effective when
carried out in conjunction with other A. The primary objective is to
practices such as strip cropping, accomplish weed control with
terracing and contour farming. no tillage or with a limited
number of conservation tillage
One of the following conservation operations, so that adequate
tillage systems should be used: amounts of crop residue can be
maintained for protection from
erosion.
B 0992 REC 01921592 03/2.8/83...8/83 16 : 07 $0,00 17/036
F 0597 MARY ANN P'GUI:::kSTI:I N (:,;I._I:LRI( t RliiCOliDIi::It WELD CO, COL
TGN #182 2/82
329-2-Conservation Tillage System
B. The minimum amount of crop residue left on the soil surface after
planting shall be 1 ,500 pounds per acre of corn or sorghum residue, or
5O0 pounds per acre of flat small grain residue or its equivalent.
C. Soil loss by water and wind shall be reduced to the loss tolerance
established for that soil. The Universal Soil Loss Equation and the
Wind Erosion formula can be used to arrive at the amount of residue
necessary to keep the soil loss within limits.
Table 1 - A Guide for Estimating Residue Reduction from Tillage Operations
Approximate Percent of
C Residue Reduction After
Co o One Trip or Pass Over
Tillage Operation the Field
o w Rod Weeder 10
3 Sweeps (30" or more) 10
o t
°= Rod Weeder and Semichisel 15
hi
Field Cultivator - (16-18 inch sweeps) 25
Eif
Till Planter 20
Chisel Plow (straight shanks) 20
= Chisel Plow (twisted shank) 50
One-Way or Tandem Disc 50
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Moldboard Plow 75-100
Co O D. On systems where tillage operations are permitted:
co z
EN 1. Subsurface tillage equipment should be used to keep the residue on
the soil surface.
C
2. On soils that tend to crust, or with some slope to them, a chisel
type implement may need to be used after harvest to increase water
infiltration and reduce soil loss due to runoff.
z
E.; z
-- c 3. Chemicals may be used to aid in reducing or eliminating tillage
operations. Use manufacturers labels or Colorado Weed Control
ci cf. Handbook for specific rate recommendations. The following options
are recommended.
c- a. Fall sweep (4 inches deep) plus Atrazine. Fall sweep
0 immediately (within two weeks) after wheat harvest to kill
c. — existing vegetation. Atrazine applied immediately following
fall sweep will kill volunteer wheat and weeds until the next
summer. Limit summer tillage operations prior to planting.
b. Apply a combination of non-selective contact or non-residual
herbicides (such as Paraquat or Roundup) plus Atrazine to kill
existing weeds and for long-term weed control. Limit summer
tillage operations.
TGN #182 2/82
Conservation Tillage System 329-3
c. Contact herbicide plus Bladex, Igran or other short residual
(45-60 days) may be used for spring application to eliminate
early spring and early summer tillage. Limit summer tillage
operations.
d. 2-4D Butyl Ester plus atrazine or a short residual triazine is
an economical alternative if approximately 90% of the fall weeds
are broadleaf. Limit summer tillage operations.
E. For no-till systems:
1. Conventional tillage operations will not be used to control volun-
teer crop growth or annual forbs and grasses. On soils with a heavy
clay or silty surface that tend to seal, a light crust breaking may
be needed using or a chisel using sweeps p straight shanks.
a. Wheat-fallow (chemical only) - Use of chemicals to eliminate
tillage operations. The following ,is required:
(1) Contact herbicides, such as Paraquat or Roundup, plus
atrazine or residual and tank mixes such as atrazine-Bladex
and atrazine-Igran shall be applied immediately following
harvest to kill existing weeds and give long-term weed
control.
1 .`v
(2) A short residual herbicide may be used for spring applica-
tion if necessary to control weeds to substitute for
tillage operations normally used.
(3) A slot or no-till planter or grain drill shall be used that
`• will disturb not more than 25% of the soil surface.
N.
r- b. Corn, sorghum, and small grains (chemical only) . Use of chemi-
cals to eliminate tillage operations in irrigated cropland or
annual cropping systems. The following is required:
0J
(1) A contact herbicide plus Bladex, Igran or other short
residual (45-60 days) may be used for spring application if
r' c needed to control weeds to eliminate early spring and early
summer tillage.
id r (2) A slot or no-till planter or adequate grain drill shall be
used that will disturb not more than 25% of the soil
surface.
(3) Atrazine may be used in a wheat-sorghum-fallow or a wheat-
LL
corn-fallow sequence.
F. Farmers must be made aware of the hazards involved in using residual
herbicides.
TGN #182 2/82
329-4-Conservation Tillage System
1 . Caution must be exercised in use of atrazine on soils with a pH of
7.5 or higher.
2. Caution should be taken when applying long residual herbicides
annually so no overlap or carry-over effect of chemical occurs.
3. A minimum of 20 gallons of water, preferably 30, will be needed to
get adequate coverage of chemical.
V 4. For more uniform application, large volume sprayers with wide stable
boom coverage are preferred over small units with narrow coverage.
The wider swath should result in fewer overlaps or skips. Dust
should be held to a minimum as it deactivates some herbicides.
Nozzle spacing should not be greater than 40 inches for uniform
distribution.
0
G. Specific chemical recommendations shall be in accordance with container
_ = labels and/or Colorado Weed Control Handbook.
Trade names were used in this standard only to make the information more
understandable. This does not imply endorsement of certain products or
criticism of products not named or mentioned.
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TGN #182 2/82
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Technical Guide
Soil Conservation Service Section IV
Colorado All Field Offices
February 1982
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATION
MULCHING — 484
(Acre)
w C
Standard
cti Definition B. Straw or Hay Mulch
Applying plant residues or other 1. The material will be grass
ilj
Cr) materials not produced on the site to hay or cereal grain straw (both
_ the soil surface. referred to as straw in these
specifications) .
re Purpose
2. The normal rate of appli-
To conserve moisture; prevent surface cation shall be 4,000 lbs/ac. of
compaction or crusting; reduce runoff air-dry material spread uniformly
- `'.= and erosion; control insects; and help over the area.
establish plant cover.
id 3. At least 50% of the mulch
`: Conditions where practice applies by weight shall be 10 inches or
more in length.
... zOn soils subject to erosion on which
— low-residue-producing crops, such as 4. The straw will be free of •
grapes and small fruits are grown; on noxious weeds.
critical areas; and on soils that have
a low infiltration rate. 5. One of the following
methods of anchoring the straw
mulch will be used:
c Specifications
a. Manufactured mulch
} A. General netting: Mulch netting will be
e pulled hand tight over straw.
1 . The area shall be relatively Mulch netting will be held firmly
smooth and free of gullies or drifts. in place by metal pins commer-
u ti, cially available from mulch net
2. Mulching material shall be manufacturers for this purpose.
— applied immediately before or after They are usually made of 8 guage
seeding unless seed is applied with wire and are 6-8 inches long. Pin
the mulch. When stabilizing sandy spacing will be in accordance with
soils it is recommended that seeding the manufacturer's instructions.
will be done after mulch application If the soil is sandy or otherwise
to prevent seeding too deep. For loose, use longer pins and wooden
additional information refer to stakes to firmly secure the
Agronomy Technical Note #47 (Rev. 1). netting.
TGN #182 2/82
484-2-Mulching
b. Asphalt: Either liquid or emulsified asphalt products may be
blown on with the straw, or sprayed or sprinkled after the straw is spread.
An application rate of 0.10 gal/sq.yd. or 500 gal/ac. should be used with
the liquid asphalt and a rate of 0.04 gal/sq.yd. or approximately 200
gal/ac. should be used for the emulsified asphalt. Manufacturer's
recommendations should be followed in the mixture of asphalt and carrying
agent.
c. Other products are polyvinyl T acetates and organic tackifiers.
0 / d. Mechanical method - special equipment is manufactured
specifically for this purpose. However, if a "mulch crimper" is not
available, a farm type disc plow can be used by setting the disc straight
(.7„- ,_ and apply adequate weight to crimp the straw 4 inches into the soil.
3
0 Cc: C. Jute Netting
A heavy woven jute mesh designed for mulching. Install in accordance
with the manufacturer's recommendations.
D. Excelsior Mat
A wood product covered with a plastic netting. Installation will be in
accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
w z
E. Erosion Control Fabric or Blanket
N.
A biodegradable polypropylene material constructed with knitted yarn
ti interwoven with strips of paper. Installation will be in accordance with
the manufacturer's recommendations.
Ed
-' — F. Feedlot or Barnyard Manure
2
c 1. The manure must be of a type that has 60% or more, by weight, heavy
chunks 5 inches or more in diameter. Granular or powdery manure will not
meet specifications.
2. The minimum rate of application shall be 20 tons per acre spread
uniformly over the area.
3. The manure will be applied immediately before or after seeding
depending on conditions determined by the technician.
TGN #182 2/82
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Technical Guide
Soil Conservation Service Section IV
Colorado All Field Offices
October 1981
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
CROP RESIDUE USE - (ac.) 344
Definition B. Each field will be evaluated for
potential wind and water erosion.
Using plant residues to protect using the Wind Erosion Curves and
`: cultivated fields during critical the Universal Soil Loss Equation.
'N - erosion periods.
- C. If only one of the erosion
., Purpose hazards (wind or water) is signifi
cant, the land treatment will be
a To conserve soil moisture, increase planned so that erosion from neither
soil infiltration, reduce soil loss, wind nor water will exceed the
0W and improve soil tilth. designated "T" value for that soil.
Condition where practice applies D. If both wind and water erosion
are significant in a given field,
On land where crop residues are land treatment shall be planned so
• produced.
that the total soil loss from wind
Pi and water does not exceed the desig-
Specifications nated "T" value.
w: z I. Non-Irrigated Small Grain - Use E. If the treatment is planned to
• the "Guide for Wind Erosion Control control wind erosion the technician
on Cropland" or Agronomy Note #53 will record (1) the amount of
for guidance on amounts of residue residue required on the soil surface
required on the soil surface during at planting time, (2) the unshel-
the critical wind erosion season. tered distance usually described as
is This will normally be considered as field width perpendicular to the
a the amount of flat small grain prevailing winds, (3) ridge rough-
- stubble equivalent residue after the ness factor, i.e. , unridged.
v planting operation.
F. If the treatment is planned
A. To calculate residue require- primarily to control water erosion,
ments, average the annual soil loss the technician will develop alterna-
for the entire rotation or wheat- tives in accordance with the
- r fallow cropping system. This method Universal Soil Loss Equation for (1)
will show the benefits of residue length of slope (2) cropping
management for the entire cropping management factor and (3) erosion
system. If this method is used the control practice factor.
wind erosion curves will determine
the amount of residue needed but in
no case will the minimum requirement
be less than 500 lbs. per acre of
flat small grain stubble equivalent
at planting time.
TGN //178
344-2 Crop Residue Use
G. Planning Considerations
1. Subsurface tillage equipment such as sweeps, blades and
rodweeders should be used for most tillage operations.
2. Chemical weed control to reduce the number of tillage operations
is beneficial in managing the residue.
3. Reducing field widths is an effective way to reduce the need for
large amounts of crop residue.
No
V4. When inadequate residue is produced the soil surface will be
ridged by chiseling or listing.
II. Non-Irrigated Sorghums
A. Pounds of residue required through the critical wind erosion period
`a- (November-May).
Minimun Required
Crop and Spacing Residue
1. Drilled sorghums on row 750ff
spacing of 20" or less
2. Forage sorghum on 1000$
20" - 40" rows
wz
3. Grain sorghum on 1500#
20" - 40" rows
When the above residue requirements are met, the practice will be considered
id adequate to hold the soil loss to the acceptable "T" level.
z B. Planning Considerations
� c
1. The above amounts of residue will be left on the soil surface
through May or until spring seedbed preparation which usually
occurs in early
April. Spring seedbed preparation should result
c'< '* in a ridged surface for wind erosion protection.
2. When inadequate residue is produced the soil surface will be
e. - ridged by chiseling or listing. Soils coarser than sandy loam
usually require listing to provide satisfactory surface
roughness.
3. Grazing will be restricted on machine harvested crops when
marginal amounts of residue are produced.
USDA/SCS/Colorado/ 10/81 TGN #178
Crop Residue Use 344-3
III. Irrigated Crops
A. The pounds of residue required on the soil surface during the
critical erosion period are as follows.
Wind Erodibility Drilled Crops
Groups 20" rows or less Row Crops
1 & 2 1500 2500
3 & 4 1000 1750
5, 6 & 7 750 1000
B. Critical Erosion Periods (Modified for Necessary tillage)
1. W.E.G. 's 1&2 Sprinkler Irrigated - Maintain the required amounts
of residue until the planted crop has enough growth to protect
the soil.
2. Gravity Irrigated Row Crops - Maintain the required amounts of
residue as long as feasible after harvest. The cropping system
and method of irrigation are to be considered. If fall plowing
destroys the residue, the field will be left rough and cloddy
until spring seedbed preparation, (about March 1st as a
minimum).
ci
in CD
IN Li
•
1 Cr'
cc a-
TGN #178 USDA/SCS/COLORADO/ 10/81
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Technical Guide
Soil Conservation Service Section IV
) Colorado All Field Offices
March 1982
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATION r.
WILDLIFE UPLAND HABITAT MANAGEMENT (Acre) 645
Standard
Definition
. i v Retaining, creating, or managing b. Light livestock use on criti-
cal game habitat areas.
- areas, other than wetland, for food
and shelter for wildlife. c. All activities except noxious
3
we?.1 control will he suspended
Purpose
from April 1 to June 30 to
avoid disturbance of game bird
To keep, make, or improve habitat for nesting activities.
desired kinds of wildlife.
Developing and Managing
c Conditions where practice applies
1 . Food, cover and water needs for
On sites, other than wetland, that the designated key wildlife
mss., _7 are suitable for the kinds of wild-
. de-
I M V life food or cover plants that are species will be provided in t quate amounts and arrangement.
needed.
z Information on species ' habitat
requirements can be obtained from
Specifications Guide the SCS biologist.
,. y Preservation - 2. For tree and shrub plantings ,
specifications shall be the same
t:
1. The practice must be named in the as for Field Windbreak (392)
vplan and the amount or location and
Farmstead and Feedlot Windbreak
_ c designated for wildlife habitat (380) for species, site prepara-
" 7.. should be indicated. For tion, spacing, time of planting,
instance, on a given field where and cultural treatment.
brush control is applied and
where sage grouse habitat preser- 3. For
grasses, legumes, and other
vation is planned, show the loca- herbaceous species not found in
tion and the amount of land plant guides, specifications for
_ preserved (not to be treated) . Critical Area Planting
(342) ,
Pasture and Hayland Planting
2. Erosion control must be main-
(512), and Range Seeding (550)
tained.
will be followed.
3. Preserve vegetation that is valu- Considerations for Pheasant Habitat
able to wildlife for food and Development and Management
cover. ---
1. Purpose of development
a. No brush control activities
unless it is necessary to a. Primary purpose is to provide
develop or improve habitat
for wildlife.
TGN / 1.85 USDA/SCS/Colorado 3/82
•
645-2
Afr
food, protective cover, and undisturbed nesting cover for wildlife.
b. Other values for plantings such as screening, windbreaks or beauti-
fication are secondary, but should be considered.
2. Location
a. Most areas and soils are suitable for development as wildlife
habitat. Special attention should be given to odd areas and draws
in close proximity to cropland for development. Areas needing
protection from erosion should also be considered for wildlife
-4.3
development.
'` b. Wildlife habitat developments should, if possible, be located away
from farmsteads and heavily traveled roads.
c. Food should be nearby: food plots or crop residues will satisfy
3
this requirement.
d. Water should be nearby if at all possible.
V
3. Trees and Shrubs
.
a. Species planted will normally be selected from the list of adapted
species found in standard and specifications for Field Windbreak r.,;”4r
id
(392) . However, other species may be used after consultation with ,
the State SCS Biologist, Woodland Specialist, Colorado State Forest
cu
Service District Forester, or Colorado Division of Wildlife repre-
z sentative. Special considerations will be given to those species
'�. that provide food.
N
b. Spacing will normally follow standard and specifications for
Farmstead and Feedlot Windbreak (380). However. local judgment will
be used to:
Z
Z (1) Plan for wide spacing between rows if nesting cover is planned
c - between rows. These plantings will normally be wider than 30
feet between rows.
C
(2) Clump plantings may be used, if desired.
c. Two or more species may be planted within a given row or clump.
d. Replacement of trees or shrubs in a planting is not required if 70
percent or more survive. However, replanting may be necessary if
survival is drastically low within a given row.
e. Due considerations will be given for planning plantings on the
contour instead of',in,straight lines.
r
USDA/SCS/Colorado 3/82 TGN /1185
645-3
4. Nesting Cover
a. Nesting cover will be in close proximity to food and tree-shrub
plantings.
b. Existing grasses and/or forb-grass vegetation may serve as nesting
or protective cover.
c
c. Planted nesting cover may consist of grasses or grass-legume
mixtures. Adapted grasses will be used. Where possible, both tall
and mid-grasses will be used.
5. Other Considerations
03
a. Livestock exclusion will be practiced. This may be done by planned
deferment or by fencing.
b. Maintenance will be planned. In non-irrigated plantings cultivation
is recommended for a minimum of three years. Cultivations should be
,. limited to the needs of the trees. Generally cultivation is neither
necessary nor desirable after August 15.
c. Where necessary and planned, weed control may consist of herbicide
^i u treatment following guidelines found in standard and specifications
for Farmstead and Feedlot Windbreaks (380).
d. Preservation, with fencing as necessary, may be all that is neces-
sary to provide quality wildlife habitat on some areas if the basic
habitat constituents,, „food, cover, and water, are present. Refer to
Fencing (382) for standard and specifications.
Considerations for Big Game Habitat Management
1. Land designated as wildlife land for big game should have the following
c support data:
E
a. Range sites.
00 b. Range surveys, including browse surveys (SCS-Range-416) and
v - available forage estimates.
c. AUM calculations with season of use will be made considering all use
by herbivores.
2. Criteria for land adequately treated and protected will be the same as
for rangeland.
TGN //185 USDA/SCS/Colorado 3/82
^
` 644-Wildli 'Wetland Habitat Management
rUNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Technical Guide
1 ,,J Soil Conservation Service Section IV
Colorado All Field Offices
1., March 1982
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
WILDLIFE WETLAND HABITAT MANAGEMENT (ac.) 644
Standard
Definition
4. Fences, if required, shall not be
Retaining, creating, or managing closer than 25 feet from the mean
^ y wetland habitat for wildlife. highwater line.
oix
Purpose 5. Water control structures ,
islands, and loafing sites shall
To keep, make, or improve habitat for be given consideration in all
is waterfowl, furbearers, or other created impoundments.
ti `- - wildlife. P
v «:: Where dams or dikes will impound
▪ Conditions where practice applies more than 2 acre-feet of water
above natural ground, a water
rOn wetland and areas where water can
x _ control structure shall be
�. be impounded or regulated by diking, provided which (1) will permit
damming, ditching, or flooding. drainage of water in the impound
meat in excess of 2 acre-feet,
;.7; c
Specifications Guide and (2) will automatically remove
cif
excess rainfall and contributing
General runoff and maintain the water
surface elevation at planned
'- 7. z 1. Developments with water impound- levels during the time the im-
`� ` ment shall meet requirements of poundment is flooded. The water
..--, the State Engineer of Colorado. control structure may provide for
They shall also meet the stan- partial drainage of the impound-
-' c dards and specifications for Pond ment below the 2 acre-feet
(378), Dike (356), and/or Struc- level.
:5- .v ture for Water Control (587),
unless otherwise noted. 6. Structures may impound water up
zzi u_
to ten feet in maximum depth.
2. There shall be interdisciplinary
planning of the District Conser- I. Preservation (existing wetlands)
vationist, SCS Engineer, and SCS
Biologist on areas greater than A. The practice must be named in
10 acres. the plan and the amount or
location designated for wild-
3. Areas will be protected from un- life wetland preservation
planned fires and grazing. Light shall be indicated.
grazing may be allowed after June
30 to prevent excessive duff B. Do not drain area.
formation which decreases useful-
ness of area to waterfowl.
TGN 1/185
•
644-2
C. A minimum of 25 percent of area shall have no grazing allowed.
D. Protect area from unplanned fire. Prescribed burning or light
grazing after June 30 may be used to prevent excessive duff
formation which decreases usefulness of area for waterfowl.
II. Developing and Managing
Refer to management guides or SCS Biologist for food, cover, and water
o needs of various wildlife forms that are dependent or use wetland
areas.
^. L Refer to plant guides or SCS Biologist for information on establishing
and managing plants useful to wetland wildlife species.
0
3 A. DAMS AND DIKES FOR WETLAND WILDLIFE
The purpose is to provide food and water for wildlife such as wild
ducks, sora, snipe, etc. , by the development of new habitat, or the
improvement of existing habitat on lands other than marshlands.
Shallow water impoundments are created by construction of earthen
dams, ditches, and structures which wfll permit drainage, flooding,
.o x and the control of the water level in the impoundments.
x = 1. SITE EVALUATION FOR FEASIBILITY
v ,;
z Surveys and investigations will be made in sufficient detail to
determine the source, suitability and amount of available water,
N.
and the suitability of the site for construction.
Lc:
Impoundments will be constructed on soils which will retain
J water without excessive seepage losses.
2. DESIGN CRITERIA
a. Water Supply
a'.
Z. An adequate water supply will be provided to flood the
impoundment to the design depth within one month after
flooding starts.
v
b. Water Control Structures
Metal, concrete, treated timber, or other approved water
control structures shall be in accordance with standards and
specifications for Structure for Water Control (587) .
J
USDA/SCS/Colorado 3/82 TCN #185
n J
644-3
c. Drainage
Adequate surface drains shall,be provided to remove surface
water from 75 percent or more of-the impoundment area. How-
ever, a lesser degree of drainage may'be used when recom-
mended by the SCS Biologist.
d. An emergency spillway is not required where the impoundment .
is surrounded entirely by a dam or dike and has no drainage
O or runoff discharging into it.
Where there is a contributing drainage or runoff area
t`' outside the impoundment, emergency spillway capacity shall
be sufficient to carry the maximum outflow expected for a
0 :_ rainfall frequency as per Table 3 of Pond Standard 378
-x without overtopping the dam or dike. Reduction of spillway
size due to temporary detention may be considered.
The emergency spillway shall consist of (1) a concrete or
earthen spillway, (2) a conduit, or (3) a combination of an
earthen or concrete spillway and a pipe with the spillway
0 ,� crest at or above the normal water elevation.
f- - 3. SPECIFICATIONS FOR DAMS OR DIKES
4h j cOz
a. Scope 0-1 ` The maximum settled height of earth dams or dikes shall be
c - 10 feet for impoundments with no outside contributing drain-
_ age area. The maximum settled height for other structures
shall be teri (10) feet plus the depth of the emergency
spillway. The height shall be measured from the lowest
point in the cross section of the centerline of the dam.
z
b. Freeboard
}
r < (1) Where impoundment is surrounded entirely by dams or
dikes (no outside water) the following minimum free-
boards
shall be used:
Height of Dam or Dike - Ft. Freeboard - Ft.
0-1 0.4
1-3 0.75
3-10 1 .5
The freeboard is the difference between the top of the
dam or dike and the maintained water surface.
(2) Where runoff is discharging into the impoundment area
the following minimum freeboards shall be used.
TCN /1185 USDA/SUS/Colorado 3/82
•
644-4 •
Height of Dam or Dike - Ft. Freeboard - Ft.
0-3 0.3
3-10 1 .0
The freeboard is the difference in elevation between
the top of the dam or dike and the water surface in the
emergency spillway when it is flowing at design depth.
.c; p c. Allowance for settlement
M v
c
(1) Dragline constructed. The allowance for settlement
re) f shall not be less than 30 percent for clays and silty
soils, and 20 percent for sandy soils.
v 3 (2) Blade Constructed (bulldozers, motor graders and
scrapers) . The allowance for settlement shall not be
44 less than 20 percent for clays and silty soils, and 10
percent for sandy soils.
d. Berms
The berm located between the toe. of the dam or dike and the
slope edge of the borrow shall be not less than 6 feet
except that dams or dikes constructed by bulldozers do not
require a berm if the slope of the upstream borrow is not .:.
w: z steeper than the front slope of the dam or dike.
K., e. Side Slopes
cr
The side slopes shall not be steeper than 3: 1 upstream and
2: 1 downstream.
tri
C.'
Z f. Top Width
z
r
The top width shall not be less than that given in the
following table:
E.N EN Height of Dike - Ft. Top Width - Ft.
4- 0-1 2 ft.
1-3 4 ft.
3-6 6 ft.
6-10 8 ft.
4. CONSTRUCTION
The entire base of the fill shall be cleaned of all trees,
stumps, limbs, and roots so that an adequate bond will be
obtained between -the fill and the base. This material shall be
pushed outside the base of the fill. R
USDA/SCS/Colorado 3/82 TGN #185
644-5
WVII�� B. DUCK FIELDS
F
1. Construct embankments on relatively level land and install
water-level control structures which'will permit sufficient
drainage for crop production and permit flooding of mature food
crops to a depth of 15 inches. For further information refer to
animal guide "Mallard".
2. The site shall have an adequate source of water to permit irri-
gation and/or flooding as desired.
3. On duck fields where waterfowl will be hunted, foods to be
flooded must not be dragged, mowed, or knocked down for the
?.-7i
deliberate purpose of making them more readily available for
waterfowl. Normal harvest methods are, however, legal.
ow
C. SHALLOW DUGOUTS AND BLASTED POTHOLES
r cr
Primary purpose is to create breeding or courting areas. Con-
structed with a dragline, ammonium nitrate or other means.
_ — 1. They must be within 2 miles of Wetland Types 3 , 4, or 5. They
.z may also be constructed in combination with created wetland
r v impoundments or in an area where there is a complex of stock-
water pits or ponds. Blasted potholes are not recommended on
deep peat (+36 inches) or sandy soils.
S „
w z 2 . Density
N _
The following guidelines will be used in planning and supplying
potential pits -aiia dugouts in wildlife wetland development
areas: For full development, 1 waterfowl dugout per 3 acres or
.. _. — 1 blasted pit per acre is needed. However, full development
should not be applied until utilization is determined through
z initial development. The following will be used in determining
the need and the number of dugouts or blasted g pits needed during
initial development. Should subsequent observations indicate
good utilization (1 pair ducks per 2 pits) then more dugouts or
r.; x
pits may be developed at a later date.
Wetland areas of 2 - 5 acres
2 acres or less - 1 dugout or blasted pit
cri 3 - 5 acres - 1 dugout or 2 blasted pits
Wetland areas of 6 - 10 acres
6 - 7 acres - 1 dugout or 3 blasted pits
8-10 acres - 2 dugouts or 4 blasted pits OR
1 dugout and 2 blasted pits.
Wetland areas above 10 acres
��.:! 1 dugout for each 5 acres or
`�' .. 1 blasted pit for each 2-1/2 acres.
TGN #185 USDA/SCS/Colorado 3/82
644-6
3. Where runoff water is lacking, dugouts must be located where the { 4
water table is normally within 1 foot of the ground surface.
4. Dugouts dependent on runoff water shall be constructed in
watersheds that will maintain desired water levels (normally
within 1 foot of the ground surface until June 1) .
5. The minimum water surface area shall be 500 square feet.
Suggested maximum is 2,000 square feet.
-OO
6. Over 25 percent of the area shall be 3-1/2 feet or deeper.
D. ISLANDS FOR LOAFING, RESTING, NESTING, OR DUCK BLINDS
1. Minimum size: Twenty (20' ) feet in diameter (50 feet is prefer-
u able) , at least 30 feet from the shoreline with the dividing
water at least 2 feet deep.
2'. The settled height of islands shall be 2 feet above the normal
water level expected around June 1, and 25 percent of the
sideslopes shall be 5 to 1 or flatter.
iy 3. Seeding: Islands shall be seeded—with alfalfa brome mixture or
� —" other adapted perennial grasses.
4. Number: One island per 2 to 4 acres of impounded water is
z suggested. •
�: 5. Islands will be built only in newly created impoundments ,
" doughnut dugouts, or natural areas that are temporarily dry.
r.. ;y E. LOAFING SITES
z Floating logs or rafts (4' x 4' ) . Bales of straw or hay or rock
piles in shallow locations. Three sites per surface acre of water
are recommended. Bales placed among cattails in 2 feet of water are
c often used as a base for muskrat houses.
- s
F. WATER IMPOUNDMENTS FOR FURBEARERS
V 1 . Impoundment with structures:
cra
a. Construct a water control structure that will permit water
levels to be varied from 12 to 36 inches. At elevations
above 6,000 feet a variance of 12 to 36 inches. At eleva-
tions above 6,000 feet a variance of 12 to 48 inches is
preferred.
b. Maintain water level at about 12 inches during the growing
season to Z'_'ncoµrage the growth of cattails, bulrush, bur
reeds, arrowhead, and other vegetation useful as muskrat
food.
USDA/SUS/Colorado TGN #185
644-7
° c. Gradually raise water level to maximum depths at the rate of
1 foot per week, if possible, starting September 1 to make
these food plants available to 'facbearers and prevent winter
freezeouts.
d. For types and sizes of structures required, use applicable
Service specifications.
2. Impoundments without structure:
. . ._. a. An earth fill dam without a mechanical spillway may be con-
structed when it meets SCS specifications. Those are,
-_ however, less effective than the structures described above.
On such areas at freeze-up time, the maximum depths men-
tioned above shalt cover 20% of the area. Some additional
shallow pits may he constructed in the shallow portion of
the marsh.
b. Where water control is not possible, the pool shall provide
36 inches depth of water over at least 20% of the surface
area.
G. LEVEL DITCHING FOR FORBEARERS AND WATERFOWL
r - _ 1 . Ditches shall he constructed without grade where the ground
ci
water is within 1 foot of the surface or where there is shallow
'-' pending.
2 . Ditches for furbearers shall have a minimum depth of 4 feet;
those for waterfowl shall have a minimum depth of 1 foot.
3. Ditches shall have a minimum bottom width of 4 feet and side-
' slopes of 1: 1 or flatter.
re 4 . Parallel ditches shall be over 100 feet apart. Optimum spacing
yr
is 200 feet.
•- 5 . Ditches should be zigzagged a minimum of 20 degrees every 300
feet. If possible, construct ditches at right angles to the
prevailing winds.
6. Spoil shall be deposited on alternate sides every 50 feet except
when the spoil is needed as diking or along the north or west as
a windbreak. Avoid a peaked appearance. The ditch berm shall
be equal to the depth of the ditch. Plant spoil to adapted
legumes and grasses.
7. Level ditches nay he constructed in combination with shallow
wetland dugouts or impoundments.
TGN #185 USDA/SCS/Colorado 3/82
U.S.DEPARTMENT C. AGR, ULTURE - SCS-CPA-68
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
1-82
RECORD OF COOPERATOR'S DECISIONS
AND PROGRESS IN APPLICATION
PLANNED APPLIED
FIELD MONTH LAND USE AND TREATMENT
NO. AMOUNT YEAR AND
YEAR
NON-IRRIGATED CROPLAND - 106 ac.
1 106 ac. 1983 CONSERVATION CROPPING SYSTEM - The cropping
system will consist of summer fallow and small
grain grown in alternate strips.
1 106 ac. 1983 CONSERVATION TILLAGE SYSTEM - Stubble mulching
will be practiced by using tillage tools such
as sweeps, chisels and rodweeders
1 106 ac. 1983 CROP RESIDUE USE - The residues will not be
burned. The residues will be left on or near
the surface to keep the erosion of soil less
than five tons. 900114,4_2...e -e...•-". #4e .f'.Y/
1 106 ac. 1983-84 WIND STRIPCROPPING - The strips, 160 ft. or less
to accomadate equipment, will be placed in a
southwestern to northeastern diagonal direction
to be most effective.
WILDLIFE AREA - 30 ac.
2 10 ac. 1983 WILDLIFE UPLAND HABITAT MANAGEMENT - The vegeta-
tion around the lake will not be burned or over-
grazed. This will allow optimum use by wildlife.
2 2.0 ac. 1983 WILDLIFE WETLAND HABITAT MANAGEMENT - This area
will be managed to allow the best use by wild-
life. Due to waterfowl using the lake, disturbance
by people and equipment will be keep to a minimum.
0992 RIEi:; 01921 'Y22:. . .... .. .... ...._..'.3: 16 : 07 ;0. 00 36/0:36
,_ 0,416 I•I;.:,R , ANN , G::116i:P!';„I I:;::C N is l..i:::(iK Si, 1=ai:a:a]P'tMl:::fi i.,:q:i:l...1:? CA), CA)
COOPERATOR ASSISTED BY DATE
Michael G. Shay F. Dale Hammer 2/21t/83
Hello