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Home My WebLink About20082649.tiff Weld County Commissioners Weld County Centennial Center 915 10`"Street Greeley,Co.80631 "P! D [CCU'ITY • Brandon and Juliana Coalson 35735 WCR#59 is 3 -8 o 3: 41 Gill,CO.80624 RE: Aurora Dairy in Gill July 31, 2008 Dear Weld County Commissioners, Our family lives approximately V2 a mile from the Aurora Dairy location in Gill. In the past year we have seen tremendous changes and improvements particularly with regards to the fly nuisance problem. As Aurora Dairy approaches their annual review with the county we felt it important to share our thoughts. Last summer(2007)our home,which was built in 2003,was over run with flies. All jokes aside, it was Biblical plaguish. We have experienced 3 summers in the area prior to 2007,doing what most do in the country,raising animals,BBQ'ing in the evenings and enjoying country life. During the summer of 2007 the flies were so unbelievable we had to: Tape our front door around the edges to keep the tiny new flies out; We installed a timed sprayer in the garage which would create a blanket of black on our garage floor; Under the ceilings of our exterior porches we could not see the light bulbs in the fixtures;And approximately 1000 feet away,down at our barn, we experienced a horrible out break of pink eye amongst our baby calves. We sprayed daily around the house and in and around the barn with very little relief. We did not BBQ or eat outside,as no matter what time of the day,you could not keep flies from landing or falling into the food. • Although it seemed most of Colorado was having a difficult fly season, it could not be ignored that the arrival of the Dairy did coincide with the arrival of the flies. We did attend the neighbor/community meeting that was held at the Dairy in January of this year. It was very exciting to hear the new techniques that were going to be implemented to prevent a repeat of the summer of 2007. The Dairy openly took responsibility for being behind on their fly management and admitted their need to improve their manure/run off pond management both at the Dairy and in neighboring fields. We came away from the meeting truly feeling that the Dairy did not realize the fly crisis until,for an organic dairy, it was way too late. Management practices were going to be seriously overhauled for the summer of 2008 with a guarantee that neighbors would see results. And,we have seen results. This summer is just like 2004,2005 and 2006. We realize we live in the country and we are going to have flies,mice,miller moths, spiders etc. But this summer we are having cook outs again and many evenings our doors are often left wide open from the porch to the front door for a cool breeze, our calves and pigs are doing great and we can see both light bulbs and concrete floor! Aurora Dairy has done an exceptional job not only on-site but also in the neighboring fields. Aurora Dairy is NOT a nuisance in fly control or appearance. The Dairy is always clean,tidy and courteous. We are pleased to have them as a neighbor. Please do not hesitate to call with any questions, (970)454-5556. Sincerely, Brandon and Juliana C al•.n • EXHIBIT lSE 41403- 2008-2649 Page 1 of 1 Jennifer VanEgdom • From: rlreinick@juno.com Sent: Monday, August 11, 2008 10:36 AM To: Esther Gesick Subject: Aurora Organic Dairy letter Attachments: Weld County Commissioners letter.docx Hello, I would like to share with you a letter in regards to Aurora Organic Dairy meeting to be held Wed. Thank you, Lana Reinick Get expert advice on your inheritance. Click here for more information. • • sF f � k3; _. � r f� #r 8/11/2008 Weld County Commissioners August 11, 2008 • RE: Aurora Organic Dairy To Whom it may concern: I want to commend Aurora Organic Dairy in Gill, CO for their constant concern with all their surrounding neighbors. We live across from the Dairy on the south east corner and have been more than satisfied with the dairy as a whole, and their management team. Last fall problems arose with the diary as the fly population at the surrounding neighbor's homes increased. The Dairy went above our expectations and took care of the problem. Someone was at our door everyday making sure we were satisfied and letting us know what their plan entailed. What more could you ask for? This year we have yet to have a problem with flies or any aspect of Aurora Organic Dairy. They have held numerous community meetings where we as the neighbors have been updated on all the steps that the Diary is taking to ensure flies are under control as well as any needs of the neighbors are addressed at this time. It is a very comfortable atmosphere where you can ask any questions or voice a concern that you may have. The staff at Aurora Dairy has been nothing short of friends to us,we all (neighbors) have been provided with names and numbers of the people who we need to contact at anytime should a problem or question arise. In closing we have far fewer flies this year than ever, and we have no doubt that the Diary is doing a • tremendous job at being a Dairy farmer, a friend and a great neighbor. No one else could handle the situations that Aurora Organic Diary has overcome in such manor,and learn from past experiences. I would choose no one else to be our neighbor. Being able to look out my kitchen window and see a green field filed with dairy cows means so much more to me and my family than looking and seeing a million dollar home filled with city people who are wanting a piece of country life. Sincerely, Ryan and Lana Reinick 29023 WCR 70 Gill, CO 80624 (970)336-9268 • • August 5, 2008 Dear Board of County Commissioners, Hello, my name is Matt Pettinger. This letter is in reference to the hearing concerning Brad & Scott Cockrofts Dairy, LLC. I'm a neighbor to the dairy and a farmer in the Galeton community. The dairy has had open houses to meet the staff and a tour for neighbors to see the diary first hand. I have seen several dairies growing up and by far, second to none, this is the most cleanest dairy I have ever witnessed. The typical manure smell doesn't exist. There is no trash piled up and everything appears to be very clean. I have more flies at my home than I have ever seen at the dairy. There are some dairies you go to that will make you want to quit drinking milk. That is not the case here. By the way, they give free milk to neighbors once a month, which is a big savings to all of us. No other dairy that I know of does this. All of the personnel are very friendly and outgoing. I don't think they have been given a fair chance by a couple of always complaining neighbors that don't know how good they have it having this dairy as a neighbor instead of another. They complain about traffic increases, which is a given,but failed to mention they moved their business to the country from the city, increasing traffic as well. It's okay for them to move their business to the country, but not for the dairy to milk cows in • an Agricultural Zoned District. It doesn't make sense. They also complain about an entrance way into the dairy that is right across from their home. The entrance way to that farm, which the dairy is on now, was there way before they built their home right across from it. They also failed to mention to you, besides getting free milk, the dairy spreads manure on their farm free of charge, costing the dairy several thousands of dollars benefitting them with lots of free fertilizer, which if applied commercially, is petroleum related,making it very costly. The same people grow silage off this farm for another dairy down the road, so if there were no dairies, they would have no place to sell their crop. This is the most out-going, environmentally friendly dairy around, getting a bad rep. by so few. This is an agricultural community and some people forget that, as they move from the city to a rural area. Sincerely,ly,, — Matt Pettinger 37577 WCR 57 Eaton, CO 80615 • • EXHIBIT EXHIBIT =I O COUNTY �S 1100 =P - El3 AUG I I P I: I I f-«az i GGa 727 Lahr S 29Q y 646w 7TaL.:2) azi-ft,ta au Lin /7f o a- , L2L 9 2 O /'o h LS�,�-oh_a, �y �`7 -a_ecp� � o'dec,7 a ��acce Men-) oce}c-, aiLi a_ • dirt, (-- e- O utty G , men a/Le ec, _ °e�r1 GC. zitLE.,,o6 lay onot oect _e ,ras —sib 4Oo ;) o�. LAY- Li/LT) a Lt&.-e.. wYlia..64_8_,e.. -ite -, • �, yob e n o v A.1/4 1/412a 61../ .t..� y si/uLti eps, g '9 `7 cz Gash y)ct �7 �e- � 5 a to `eZ.eet&d - n/ . et* • c le sue. 6ge_ay ant �D .) ,_-oizzL_rrJ t //� e t7o (:J o- � me y<0„ . z and__. �ceh A.-44--64) � 1 ev y a 4wazwG ed v--A0_6 3- (At /Lc l O bG''!ern-c.e— teze io . cep G j S d C' GZ-E-� Rio ic2� � �-�D 9 • et..- 5-o Qo � � -.� thy C (23 , cv-c.o_z /0' f1/2'21 . C , . - yew zeet_ £2-e. 4o d at 4' t4) (1A_ a. th - �1> Lo 4 eogifa2 e� Vzatte /0 -,20 o .3M yea./-, y at to WW2-) . . by 9Leri % -_d a' a°o -Liz a.� �=O7A adae) _ . , � . 66 , t. ` on& _ Qom.. serizio a ava.ca---J ,4%,--O .1 tL 1D 7 ! 11/ate , (4.7) a Kit, Memorandum TO: Board of County Commissioners I DATE: 8/13/2008 FROM: LAURIE EXBY SUBJECT: Aurora Dairy Fly Nuisance Conditions COLORADO Department of Public Health and Environment Recommendation: The Environmental Health Division recommends that USR-1602 not be revoked. The Division has visited, on numerous occasions adjacent properties to the Aurora Dairy site. These visits were triggered both by complaints and as random visits to the area. On most occasions residents were asked how the fly situation from Aurora Dairy was being handled. The majority of the time they stated the fly problem was considerably better than last year, yes there were flies but they were not a nuisance at the time. There is concern on the neighbors of Aurora Dairy that the flies will become a problem as the weather turns cooler. Without evidence of a nuisance condition existing in regards to flies there is no cause/reason to revoke the USR-1602 permit. Please see attached documents. • • EXHUN I AURORA DAIRY FLY COMPLAINT/MONITORING 2008 • July 7, 2008—Conducted investigation of flies at 35297 CR-57 nuisance conditions not observed at this time(approximately 3:00 p.m.). This complaint was left on July 5, over the July 4th holiday. Checked fly conditions 28545 CR-72 (directly north of Aurora Dairy) no nuisance conditions observed. Residents stated flies have not been a problem. Notified Aurora Dairy of complaints. Gave cell phone number to complainant and Dairy for ease of contact. July 10, 2008—Attended Aurora Dairy open house with Troy Swain, Environmental Health and Chris Gathman, Department of Planning. Tour of dairy, including free stall barns, compost site and viewed milking parlor. Flies are very well controlled at facility. Dr. Broce, Kansas State entomologist and Dr. Valvez, Aurora Dairy present nuisance plan to neighbors. Answer questions posed by neighbors. No nuisance conditions observed on Aurora property and neighbors did not indicate any problems at their residence. July 11,2008—Complaint of fly infestation northwest of Aurora Dairy at 35297 CR-57. Arrived at complainants home at approximately 2:45 p.m. At this time there were a considerable number of large black flies observed on the dog, propane tank and in/on the garden foliage. The number of flies observed would constitute a nuisance condition. • Checked fly conditions at 28545 CR-72 no nuisance conditions observed. Residents stated flies have not been a problem. Aurora Dairy notified of complaints, met with Bill Kronin, Aurora Dairy Manager of Operations and complainant concerning flies. (See attached memo) Stopped at 34257 CR-57, south and west of the dairy property, this property has lots of trees, similar to the residence located at 35297 CR-57 north and west of the dairy property. No fly infestation observed no one home. July 16, 2008 July 15, 2008_Complaint received on north County voice-mail from complainant at 35297 CR-57. Arrived (3:00 p.m.) no one home. I conducted an investigation of the garden area, chicken/turkey coups and pig containment area. I did not observe any fly nuisance conditions at this time. Continued out by the tree limb pile and observed a small pile of grass clippings. Did not observe flies at this location. I continued to the trees north of the residence and did observe"some" flies but no nuisance conditions. I then drove east to 28454 CR-72, due north of the dairy, and spoke with the residents, again they stated the flies were not a problem. I did not observe any nuisance conditions. I went to Aurora Dairy and notified Dawn Wobig, (executive assistant to Bill Kronin)of the complaint and the findings of no nuisance conditions on/off Aurora property. Prior to leaving area I stopped at the Wolfum residence located southwest at 34505 CR-57 and again observed no nuisance conditions. I spoke with the owner and he stated"I don't know if the flies are more or less because of the dairy being here, but I think they are doing the best they can and the flies are not nearly the problem they were last year." Continued south and stopped at 34257 CR-57, this property has lots of trees • similar to the residence located northwest of the Dairy at 35297 CR-57. No fly infestation • observed. • • Memorandum TO: File I111 D lDFROM: DATE: July 2, 2008 LAURIE EXBY O SUBJECT: Flies as a nuisance from Aurora Dairy COLORADO On July 2, 2008, I conducted a nuisance investigation as a part of a complaint of flies from the Aurora Dairy (CBS). The weather was sunny, warm 82 F and no wind. I stopped at Jimmy Wolframs home/business and spoke with Jimmy. He stated there were a few flies but nothing like last year. I walked around the shop and the back of the house and did see a few(<10 flies)on the home. Jimmy also has livestock on the property in small corrals. He agreed that some flies could come from his own animals. The irrigation pond beside his shop has weeds around the perimeter but they appear to have been cut to prevent flies from breeding in the weeds. At the Pierrera (sp) home I left the car door open and walked to the front door. No one was home. There were no nuisance conditions observed. The small hedge did not have a large number of flies nor did the dumpster. Inside my car were no flies having left my car door open during the inspection. I stopped at Jim Noah's home north of the facility and again observed no flies on the exterior of the buildings. Jim and Pat stated the facility is doing a good job controlling the flies and they can leave doors open • and the flies don't cover the screens. I drove to the dairy, signed in and observed minimal (3-4)flies in the hallway. Inside the parlor the tank traps appeared to have no visible flies inside of them. The dairy is using a roll-out sticky trap to trap the flies. This appears to be working well inside the facility. At this time the flies at the dairy and off property are well controlled and do not appear to be a nuisance. • Le- Memorandum TO: File DATE: July 10, 2008 C. FROM: LAURIE EXBY SUBJECT: AURORA DAIRY (CBS) FLY COMPLAINT COLORADO I conducted an investigation at the Aurora Organic Dairy in regards to flies. Wendy Rogers contacted WCDPHE on Monday July 7, 2008 stating the flies at her home had "blossomed out" on July 5, 2008 and were really bad. I stopped at the Rogers residents located at 35297 CR 57 at approximately 3:00 pm. The Rogers home is surrounded with large trees and a lilac hedge. I shook the bushes and a few flies flew out. Mr. Rogers showed us around the property and explained the flies were not the typical fly but, very large black flies and they suddenly appeared on July 5. These flies are now gone. There were a few flies in the barn and in the garage. There were no dead flies on the sill in the garage window. The Rogers have several chickens, turkeys and a duck. These did not have flies on them or the coops. Mr. Rogers's son stated the big flies were mostly around the pigs in the back • of the property. When I returned to my car there were no flies inside and the windows had been open the entire time. At this time I would not consider flies from Aurora Dairy to be a cause of nuisance conditions at the Rogers home. • • KO/ Memorandum TO: File ' DATE: 7/14/2008 FROM: LAURIE EXBY SUBJECT: Flies at the Roger's home COLORADO I was contacted by Stan Rogers at approximately 2:00 p.m., Fri.July 11, 2008. Stan Stated the flies at his home had once again "blossomed out" and were everywhere. I arrived at approximately 3:00 p.m. at the Rogers residence and immediately noticed the flies. The dog had flies on his back and they were biting his ears. Stan showed me the barn and the buzzing of the flies was apparent. It should be noted the Rogers home and animal/bird pens are all well maintained and clean. The flies were evident in the garden, on the propane tank, in the pig pen. (some feed was spilled around the trough)and in the bushes. I asked them what they do with lawn clippings. The clippings are not composted or piled up. The temperature was 90+and no wind at the time I observed the flies. I explained I had been at the open house the previous night and did not observe flies on the property, in the freestall barns or corrals. I explained to Stan Rogers it appeared to myself and others on the tour Aurora is doing a good job controlling the flies. Stan explained that he had spoken with a firm from Texas (couldn't remember the name of the firm) and that this individual • thought Aurora was attracting flies from other places. Stan felt that the removal of the membrane and disruption of the material under the membrane had attracted these flies from all around the area. During the heat of the day they go to his house for the shade. After attempting to determine where this huge influx of flies came from I left and visited the Noah's. They were leaving but told me the flies were not bad and they could go out on their patio without any problems. I did not observe flies on the home or in the trees. I then went to Aurora Dairy to discuss the flies at the Rogers home. I met with Bill Kronin and Dawn at the dairy. I explained the problem, and Stan's theory of attracting flies with the lagoon repairs. While discussing the fly situation, Stan arrived and we began discussing the problem at the Rogers home. Stan wanted to see the lagoon repair so Bill took us on a tour of the fly spot cards and also to the lagoon. Scott Cockroft was plowing the area and preparing the lagoon for a clay liner. The placement of the clay liner will be in 2 phases as the lagoon is fairly large and this will make the project more manageable. According to Bill the membrane was removed and hauled off every day. I walked around the lagoon side and the manure was crusty with some standing water. I did not observe flies or any other insects or odors at this time. There is a small stand of trees south and west of the lagoon. I walked over to this area and did not observe any flies either in the grass or the trees. Stan walked over and located a small roll of the old membrane and when he moved it flies came out. At this point Stan became very agitated and said "this was the cover-up I have been talking about." Bill was upset and said "it was time to go." I stopped the arguing and asked Bill when he could get rid of the membrane and he assured me it would be as soon as he • finished with a sick cow. Stan was still upset and I asked him what he wanted to happen and he couldn't come up with any real answer. We returned to the parlor and I left the facility at approximately 6:30 p.m. I stopped at the property south of Wolfrum's to see if the flies were in the trees and bushes. There were no While I believe there may be something to Stan's theory I do not believe all flies originate from Aurora Dairy. Other factors in the area contribute to the hatching of flies. The • prevailing winds are from the northwest. Stan's home is northwest of the dairy. The flies would be flying up wind and directly past a freestall barn to get in the shade during the day. In addition, the flies would fly % of a mile to the Rogers home versus 200 yards to the south and west to the trees on the dairy property. Also, there is a house '''A mile (approx.) to the west(south of Jim Wolfrum's home)with many large trees and bushes. I stopped at this home and the flies were minimal. It should be noted that at this time the wind had blown and the sky was overcast but still 90+ degrees. The wind was gusting from the northwest at approximately 5-10 miles per hour. There are several other possible sources of flies. The Coullson's straight north of Aurora have goats and pigs as well. There is a small pond north of the Rogers home with weeds around the edge of the pond. • • Memorandum TO: File ' DATE: 7/16/2008 C. FROM: E EXBY SUBJECT: JULY 115, 2008 FLIES FROM AURORA COLORADO I received a complaint on July 15, 2008, from Stan Rogers in regards to a terrible fly problem once again at this home. The message was left on my 2223 extension at the north Weld Office. On the 15th I was in the southwest Weld Office. I checked the voice mail at approximately 11:00 am and did not have any messages. I left the southwest office and conducted regular inspections until 5:00 pm. July 16, 2008 I attempted to contact Stan Rogers by phone and was unable to contact him, I left a message. I also provided my county cell phone number to the Rogers so I am easier to reach. I then went to the Rogers residence and checked for flies. There were numerous mosquitoes in the flowers and around the garden. The weather was sunny and very hot (94 at the airport) no wind. I looked around the home and garden area and out into the north pasture area. The pile of trees and grass clippings did not have flies at the pile. I moved the grass clippings and did not observe any flies or maggots. (Dr. Broce stated grass clippings are a good place for flies to propagate. The trees to the north of the Rogers home had some flies but the • number would not be considered a nuisance. I again tried to contact the Rogers and rang the door bell and no one was home still. I left a card and went to Aurora Dairy to notify them of the complaint. Bill was not there and I signed in and spoke with Dawn Wobig, Bill's assistant and gave her my county cell phone number. I told her of my findings and left at approximately 3:30 pm. I stopped at Jim Wolfrum's home and asked what he thought about the flies. Jim said "the flies are much better than last year" and he feels the dairy is really trying to control the flies. Jim indicated he couldn't really say if the flies were less before the dairy but the flies are definitely better than last year. Jim does not believe the pond is attracting the flies as Stan does. Jim and Stan had spoken about the flies and pond construction theory several days before. I left and stopped at the neighbor to the south,the Bloomquist's. No one was home at either home but the area is surrounded with trees much like the Rogers home and there were no nuisance conditions evident. • • Memorandum TO: BOCC ' DATE: 08-11-2008 FROM: LAURIE EXBY SUBJECT: Aurora Dairy flies surveillance COLORADO A nuisance investigation was conducted on August 8, 2008, at several homes around the Aurora Organic Dairy located on CR-72 between CR-57 and CR-59. Two homes were visited and resident's commented on the current control measures being implemented by Aurora Dairy. 34257 CR-57 Trevor Jiricek, Director of Environmental Health, Chris Gathman, Department of Planning Services and Laurie Exby, Environmental Health, stopped and observed conditions at the aforementioned residence. While there were very few flies no • nuisance conditions were observed. Both residents agreed the flies were not anywhere near as bad as last summer and the dairy is controlling the flies. There is concern the flies will become more of a nuisance as the weather cools and the flies search for warm protected areas. 35297 CR-57 Visited with the residents about flies and nuisance conditions from Aurora Dairy. They believe the dairy has done a fair job controlling the flies. The concerns they have is also what will happen when the weather cools and the flies get "sticky". These individuals expressed displeasure with having"thousands of cows" grazing directly across from their home. The manure and urine is a fly breeding ground and they believe flies will become a nuisance from this activity. They expressed concern that once the dairy has gone threw this hearing process the control measures will cease and the flies will once again be"out of control."' • • it,cen-di `0 DA. ORGANIC DAIRY Weld County Commissioners Hearing August 13 , 2008 1'O1` Introductions Aurora Organic Dairy — Marc Peperzak, Founder & CEO — Dr. Juan Velez, Vice President, Farm Operations — Bill Cronin, General Manager, High Plains Dairy — Dr. Mauricio Benzaquen, Director, Technical Services — Sonja Tuitele, Vice President, Communications Landowners — Scott & Brad Cockroft Consultants — Julie Cozad, Tetra Tech — Ken Lind & George Ottenhoff, Lind, Lawrence & Ottenhoff • EXHIBIT vv � = 1 • A - r 4 Use by Special Review • L0ic,L\, ..i,_ J History and Background : • Original Aurora Dairy Company since 1980 at Highway 66 Platteville farm - converted to organic in 2003 • USR-1602 - Facility was approved by BOCC July 11 , 2007 • Conditions from Show Cause Hearing and Update since October 24, 2007 — Management Plan - Nuisance Control — Oil & Gas Locations/Mitigation 1 II roe- Greetings !! fp 0 'VI / �a� r ry f , ; I . \ \ - _ , 7 AI : - - - I.. rrM Iiii 4 viiii . - ----1: - 1' r , , .‘ " , .%4 . II' ll is 4 . • A ..._ ____ 5* . . :-.-„, ,_, . of- • J--- - _ - -5„_ _____ , • • . 4r re or a • J III' ♦ - • -01 Nag ` ' aids Organic Dairy ::5 011.°fi ✓ r � Rr� Y..•r•s Ol n . .: r .r At r ^ ,. f ter ' 111 � 6d�il® `ado �. < -- �. x • Daily pasture grazing for ail c4 ,::..• I .•._r; SustaifJaiilit ,._conservation me. rtvw:I_f Ill Plans for 2008 i,6?•. ;,\NR. D ...., • Comprehensive nuisance management and biological control program. • Composting with A-1 Organics. • Additional on-farm protocols for manure management and sanitation. , �-nrr ... .: . -�.. .- - - -- • • •K__ _ , . I . r It tak • • Pest Management Program 1 . Monitoring Fly Populations 1 I , • Spot cards - .• • Alsynite Cylinder Traps igili , I - . I I • Neighbor monitoring } . 17' ,, I AM Y 4, ; 2. Recording Data 4; > - 1.1' . \ _ , 3. Analysis ► j, , • �` t • • i I C 14 4. • , u r � Monitoring Fly Populations L J AS • •a.. /:.r,: ._ r y V __kvi, i. y nrrro iY:" r '} - I I ii A Ir ,nm - - 46 'r . 1 ii. ft Nibs tot'I I 4 1.r r-q and n. - 1 sr. L { . _ - 4 � 1s - Ai .!- , le i' • — w r! i P. 014 ,. .y • 'qii I C Googl •4copo _ - 8 • 4 • A u ror 4 Monitoring Fly Populations • 17 weeks' worth of monitoring • Most cards are free of spots every week • 92 out of 374 cards to date showed any spots • Highest number of spots = 44 on one card in one week Clean spot card Spot card after one week S 7 2'. I i Ji" r or 7S q ' r/ y • ,..ku roC Spot Card Data MP Ieyr 734r ZIr >tiM IOlay ?Way :e"•r +0un 11.11a Mu* 25.145 2.191 OM IUS 23.34 JOS 6c..y MI Ryan P.tnek 0 0 P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I 0 3 0 n 1 Mr.-to tarn 0 0 0 c 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 Ur par•YN 0 0 0 0 0 0 I 0 0 0 I 1 2 0 1 I ) W.pniteashum o a a o 0 0 0 0 I o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mr Min Pcegar . 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a o ) Y, m..Pisan 0 _ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 t 1 n 0 . nnd0r• 0 0 n a 0 0 0 0 3 a 0 0 . Pwt bwway 0 0 0 0 0 o a 0 a 0 a 0 0 0 r 2 aeeo a o a 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 o 0 0 0 o M40amlly men 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 t 3 W1•E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 Z 0 C 0 H'W'W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a I C Fort enlrav ado. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a I. Onto Rear 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ 0 I 0 •.aan.OnetoOs. 0 0 0 2 0 Fercroa.t 5E + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I I 0 0 3 4 71 M • e 19 I P ± 0 0 o 0 0 o r a t 0 0 4 II I +I 6 0 a r 0 0 0 0 0 r t I I 0 I V 12 r 15 9 0 0 0 0 I 0 0 0 0 3 1 II • u . . 0 u 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 7 4 I 0 I) r' , 0 0 0 0 a 0 7 7 0 t0 V 13 N 2'. N 16 •0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 4 0 W I :) L 10 11 .. 0 7 0 0 1 2 1 13 7 I 31 7I 7• Ir.: '00 I)1 01 10 S • 'i Ll r • r A. Monitoring Fly Populations L It I >Amy Alsynite Cylinder Traps Locations tea•► 'Taps o ç :: .°4‘. '` i�' "UIa9' , 6.:<_, i ....." i 4,.... . ‘k I a I fa° it i r,, ti _ UMW T 11 ♦ '.. 4 ' r I I. `l J t • + 11 i ts . ; u , et . i:: 11 • _ Monitoring Fly Populations _ _ ; Alsynite Cylinder Traps Monitoring Data — April 21 — Aug. 11 , 2008 Abynfto Cylinder Dap 500- -. a 1 NW ;t 2 NE 450 - - 113 5E U$ S`N 400 - Total 360 . A 900 260 . I 200- 150 100- W- . tip i 1/4/4cr /4169 411#37/4"/"./ItittiP Date 12 • 6 Ill . fr u rot Biological Control Program Parasitic Wasp Release _ r Ale y • - - - - I P 1 • '� ` s i 11110)Viit . . . .,,, ,, ... . _ • , ny 1 r1 - - ...--.... .114:sississe:8"1:4, . .. . —— — .` Fjkk �1• Or," • , •ti • .''. wit:. I...? ' _ • It • 1 ? • U ror Biological Control Program L ( �.,,:a ..\',I I ) ?II:ti J „ II _- - • .-tifriatilliettitgelN. • • • ' -. kt . C\-- %.‘ h yY K y: ` " f Wasp release locations Y Wasp rolsaslnp situ sY `!,'`' -' • ' . �. . Z•t. j``� . - .1 le) Wasp pouch l'�%' ) 4. � . ,y I� yr _- t_ f 1 , r.� I li • .S {,6 j' 1 r ii- t R . -- Y �� • 4 t .� �_�3IF 7 • /kUfOriA Biological Control Program ...,T;i a. - _ i _ - Parasitic Wasp Release Data — by site Wasp Releases by Week 700000 0 Compost ®Comp35 OComp34 600000 1 I - 0 Comp33 NI ' OComp32 MI 500000 — _■ ---ISO Comp31 IN IN . al 021 ■ ■ ■RGA N400000 MI _ •RG1B A 3 ... -. - ■RGi/ . 0 300000 — — - — — —it Sal _ ■RGti9 tt _ — -- IN HP fl Ill ■'in NI[ c •OHP4 200000 - ■ —■—_ a- 0HP11 ■ ■ it as ■HP D 100000 -- _a ■ ■H P 9 Ni ■ NI 1 a OHPB ■HP7 5 0 ® OHPB C) 000 �� oo� oo$ �t 000 00i e 00% 4% 00% 00% aot ao' e ■HP 5 'La\� ,ok 0). \��\L ` 1> 'Lc 6\y\L X41) \,# 4-6:. 1\,5L A\ A\co X41, (''^\� 0e\� OHP3 D� 0 4 4 0 1 1 1 1 ■HP2 Release Date II HP 1 15 III � � _ On-Farm Composting • Working with A-1 Organics to implement our on-farm composting program. • 100% of manure from April 15 to October 15 is composted. • Aerobic process heats up the manure and bulking agents to kill any pathogens or bacteria, thereby eliminating this as a fly breeding ground. • End compost — humus — is a nutrient-rich, organic- approved fertilizer for our organic pasture. - 4t A A t1 -'s J. lg.... .•;1; r:' . l .1* i ..¢ { }i .Tt'. 0hh 1� .#rte - • 8 C • lI`s Sanitation Protocols/Audits LJ Weekly audits to ensure high-levels of sanitation and elimination of potential fly breeding grounds. • Regular cleaning r • t► 1 3 . ot„,...„‘ „ ,„ • Pen dragging ' +. 4. 1* . yr • Removal of `' ) ^ ' standing water .'� ' 'J 1 1 1* 1 % IC - _ J Nuisance Management Program Summary • House Fly monitoring via Spot Cards • Stable Fly monitoring via Alsynite Cylinder Traps • Release of parasitic wasps • Areas known or suspected to be fly larvae breeding grounds • Increased in areas identified by spot cards • Composting • Sanitation Audits • We will continue to monitor the situation throughout the summer to ensure we get ahead of issues before they arise. • 9 • JY ;. \ Urfa / L ORGANIC DAIRY Commitment to Weld County & Good Neighbor Relations Sonja Tuitele , VP of Communications • uror - Commitment to Weld County • Aurora Dairy planted its roots in Weld County in 1980 at its Platteville location. • $10 million in annual spending in Weld County to support local farmers, businesses and people. -1-MI- it4 . 20 • 10 • _ 1 '^ Commitment to Weld County - • $40 million investment in our state-of-the-art on-farm processing facility in Platteville. • Capacity to produce 60 million half-gallons of milk/year. • We reach retail shelves in all 50 states. • Attracts visitors and tours from around the world. 1 ^ • rc�r Commitment to Weld County • Platteville redevelopment • High Plains Dairy a $14 million investment • Conversion of more than 1 ,150 acres of Weld County farmland to organic • $370,000 in annual contributions to Weld County tax base • Creation of 175 jobs in Weld County, paying approximately $8.5 million in salaries and benefits to employees in Weld County annually • Purchase of homes for employee housing 1' 44 • t .i 1,A1A, .� I $ � • ' Et. % - 11 a : ? . ' • 11 • w u ror 4 Commitment to Weld County • Aurora Organic Dairy donates $325,000 annually to organic dairy research and agricultural studies • $100,000 to Colorado State University • $20,000 for Organic scholarships at CSU • Internships in Veterinary Medicine and Ag. Science • Rocky Mountain Center for Organic Dairy Research • Extensive carbon footprint study • Charitable Giving • Weld Food Bank donations • Windsor Tornado relief donations • Support of local 4-H and FFA chapters 2; S ,► uror 4 Neighbor Support L J • Snow Plowing • Application of Dust Control on roads • Manure spreading in winter months • Open House events • Tours & Information • Open lines of communication • Good Neighbor milk days - once per month • Acquisition of real estate r-« ise 24 • 1 . u ror. 4 , In Closing . . . I)AIrc y • The dairy is more regulated by the County with a Use by Special Review in place. • Aurora Organic Dairy will continue to be a good neighbor and operator. • The property is currently in compliance with all conditions of approval, development standards and with the Weld County Code. • There is no cause to revoke the Use by Special Review permit and we respectfully ask the Commissioners to dismiss this case. 2c S ORGAN IC DAIRY Thank you • 13 -x- e. ,a,000003Thss\\ ACAD 7 ,:i EXHIBIT `' Srtou) . Cum , 1i1 2 irea 5 C,OMM155b0 yfesEgiAlf so % ...... I, se 0S • ILICtr:Pe - e IS • • •`• • • ••'IN . • i • • • • • S 2 - • • 4'T% • • • ► - •• • p 't . •. • • Si• 1 • • f .t 4 el. _ ' • • A .'.-- • • + C a f t • a *CI }k •t Ebb. i III i y� l _ it 71• I it _ • . . . a . Alla t .4 liiii: _ r • • . • ' IIti ,L i • - ram : - • `— -+t _ _ sasisaise . • ___Irs-- - - 1T: is N .* • t ti f n • EXHIBIT ccuiSt 9 X {Z • 241100 . 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Ii r a , • • 4 (C • M r • I • • 1 I I' • r • • 1 de• '• C- ' • • wr ,. • F , • - • S ' .• •♦ 0 Page i of l Home I Fly Control Principles I Chemical Methods I Monitoring I Spot Cards Anti-Fly Products • Chemical Methods 14 Fly Grids & Resting Counts 14 Fly Ribbons '�=A *OP i-> Baited Jug Traps 19 Larvae & Pupae - Monitoring - Spot Cards Spot cards are simple devices for measuring fly activity when lower thresholds are Integrated fly control desired, such as when neighbours are close or animal facilities are open to visitors means using a two- (for example, horse stables). pronged attack on flies : Spot cards are white 7. 5 x 10cm file cards which are fastened flush to pre-chosen larvicides to prevent fly locations in a facility. larvae developing into adults, and adulticides to They are fastened to posts, rafters, partitions, feed troughs, etc., where the animals kill adult flies. will not disturb or soil them . 14 Larvicides Flies resting on the spot cards leave light straw-colored regurgitation spots and dark is> Adulticides faecal spots. The number of spots per card is easy to count after an exposure period of about 3-7 days. Most Common Flies Exposure for longer than 7 days is not practical because the cards become too i soiled . ' Cards may be labelled, counted, and kept for later reference if needed (such as in legal proceedings relating to fly complaints). Most spots are caused by the house fly. However, if other flies are present (especially Ophyra spp.), they will spot the cards. Therefore, spot card counts are only an index of fly activity. The species of flies cannot be determined from spot • card counts. Other observations should be made to verify whether or not the house fly is the most abundant species. The placement of spot cards (like ribbons and jug-traps) is important, and they There are thousands of must be placed where flies are observed to rest or where fly specks are present. different fly species but the ones which most Generally, locations in higher areas, as high as a person can reach, are desirable. seriously affect farm Several cards are necessary depending upon the level of fly activity to be measured, animals are the house fly and the precision desired . (Musca domestica), the At least 10 cards should be used in a facility. little house fly (Fannia canicularis) and the In poultry houses, an index of 50 spots per card per week has been used as a stable fly (Stomoxys threshold for chemical treatments. calcitrans) . In different situations, lower thresholds may be chosen. i÷ Learn more.. . T Back to the top Home I Contact I Site Map I Help I Legal Disclaimer I Privacy Policy I Bibliography © 2006 Novartis Animal Health UK Ltd EXHIBIT .3) • 0 •_ http://www.flycontrol .novartis.co.uk/princip1es/chemical/en/spotcards. shtml 8/8/2008 • EXHIBIT Z SAMPLES OF FLY CARDS • NOT SCANNED INTO FILE • • EXHIBIT AA FLYSTRIP IN BAGGIE (GIVEN TO APPLICANT FOR • TESTING) NOT SCANNED INTO FILE • ,Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604-06 Page 1 of 9 oldoilnaag.ohb-stattedu—your Link to Information,Nen and education EXHIBIT OH0 ® c • 51JI L 5ulletin Extension i .nf_kti,rr Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide Bulletin 604-06 Chapter 9—Insect and Pest Control Diseases can be spread on a farm by insects, rodents, and birds, but the most common issues relate to nuisances. Controlling Insects • Many insects can reproduce in livestock manure. These insects may be a nuisance, or they may be of economic concern due to transmission of disease, reduction in growth or production by animals, and contamination of food products. Flies, mosquitoes, and rattailed maggots are frequently of major concern. Control of Flies In and Around Livestock Facilities Good sanitation is the basis for all fly-control programs. Nevertheless, it is often necessary to supplement sanitation practices with pesticides. Managing manure properly with good sanitation is the best way to control flies on livestock farms. The fly life-cycle takes about two weeks, one for the larvae to develop and one for the larvae to pupate prior to emerging as an adult fly. Manure is a favorite place for flies to lay their eggs, but wet feed and seepage from silos also are prime areas for fly breeding. Preventing water leaks and seepage from outside sources into the animal housing, feed distribution, and feed storage areas can help to minimize fly breeding. Barnyards should be well drained, and vegetative growth around the facilities should be kept low to minimize areas where flies might breed. • Manure should be removed from animal quarters frequently and stored in facilities that will minimize fly breeding. Many dairy farms use free-stall housing and avoid bedded http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.htm1 8/8/2008 la! " ti Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide,Bulletin 604-06 -'\ Page 2 of 9 t manure packs, thus less manure remains in the animal housing area for infestation by flies. Also, many dairy farms have changed to inorganic bedding (e.g., sand) in free stalls, • which is less desirable for fly breeding than organic bedding. Most swine and poultry operations are enclosed, and manure does not build up in the housing area for swine. The use of lagoons and pits for manure storage prevents flies from laying eggs in the manure, because there is an inadequate amount or type of biomass to provide ova position stimulant (stimulant that must be present for flies to lay eggs). For stacked manure, moisture should be less than 30%to discourage fly breeding. Coverage of this storage area will limit moisture from precipitation, reducing the risk of run-off and fly infestation. Fly larvae can still develop in manure spread on the field, but this can be minimized by spreading the manure when conditions are not wet and by thinly spreading the manure to reduce drying time. For totally enclosed animal housing and handling facilities, the structure must be designed to limit entry of flies either by providing airtight facilities or screen doors and windows where appropriate. An Integrated Pest Management(IPM) program needs to be implemented on every farm. The IPM can consist of a wide array of practices to monitor and control pests. The use of biological and chemical controls needs to be considered in the IPM program. Products are available to control flies on the animals, and pesticides are available for use in the areas di of the facility not occupied by the animals. (For more information, refer to OSU Extension Bulletin 473, Livestock and Livestock Building Pest Management, ohioline.osu.edu/b473/index.html, or OSU Extension Bulletin 853, Poultry Pest Management, ohioline.osu.edu/b853/index.html). Economic Injury Level The threshold density for determining when to control flies depends on the area where the control measures will be taken. In general, the threshold at homes is very low, and control actions are taken with few flies. The threshold density of the house fly at waste- management sites may be 150 flies per fly paper per 30 minutes. House flies can be monitored with baited traps, sticky ribbons, or spot cards on livestock facilities. Spot cards are three-inch by five-inch white index cards attached to a fly resting surface. A minimum of five cards should be placed in each animal facility and left in place for seven days. A count of 100 or more fecal or vomit spots per card per week indicates a high level of fly activity. Pesticide Program • For successful fly control, organize a control program that best fits your farm. A single pesticidal product rarely gives the most effective and economical control. It is normally http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.html 8/8/2008 Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604-06 Page 3 of 9 best to use a combination of pesticide applications, such as residual wall sprays, space or aerosol sprays, baits, and larvicides, during the fly season. • Because fly resistance is always a possibility, it is best to rotate different chemical-family insecticides, especially when one group begins to lose effectiveness. Consider alternating synthetic pyrethroids with organophosphates. Do not wait for heavy fly populations. It is much easier and less expensive to prevent heavy fly buildup than to control heavy fly populations after buildup. As fly populations begin to build up, take time to treat and treat regularly. For detailed information on pesticides refer to OSU Extension Bulletin 473, Livestock and Livestock Building Pest Management, ohiotine.osu.edu/b473/index.html, or contact your local county office of Ohio State University Extension. Feed Additives Oral larvicides or insecticides given through the feed prevent the development of flies in manure. Certain states do not recommend the use of oral larvicides or insecticides given through the feed. Oral larvicides are usually fed from May through September. Animals must consume the recommended dosage for the feed additive to be effective. They are not effective against adult flies. Oral larvicides should be used in conjunction with good manure sanitation. A supplemental fly-control program is needed where flies breed in • manure from untreated animals or other organic sources. Feed additives often are not the answer to fly control unless used extensively. All feces must be treated within an area to effectively reduce fly populations. The required treatment area must be several miles across because flies can move readily from herd to herd over an area of several miles within one or two days. This treatment is usually more effective in controlling horn flies and is not very effective against face flies. Feed additives do not control housefly and stable-fly larvae that develop in sites other than fresh manure. Follow label directions and precautions when using oral larvicides and insecticides in the feed. Manure Treatments Manure treatment (larviciding), applied directly to the manure surface to control fly maggots, is discouraged because beneficial arthropods associated with manure can be killed. Also, adding extra moisture to the manure can result in additional fly breeding with increased fly resistance to insecticides. Effort should be made to keep all manure as dry as possible, less than 30% moisture, to greatly reduce or halt fly breeding. However, if manure cannot be kept dry or removed on a weekly basis, it is possible to use manure sprays. • Use a hoe or a trowel to sample the larvae present in manure before treatment. "Hot http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.html 8/8/2008 Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604-06 Page 4 of 9 spots" with high larvae and egg counts can be spot-treated. Apply treatment sprays to wet the manure surface but do not soak. Repeat applications as necessary but not more often • than once every seven days. Avoid widespread use of manure sprays, but treating the edges of a covered manure stack may be helpful. Do not apply where animals or birds can come in contact with treated manure. Follow mixing and application directions before use. Do not apply treated manure to crops not approved on the insecticide label. Biological Control Biological control is the reduction or mitigation of pests and pest effects through the use of natural enemies. Naturally occurring parasites (wasps) and predators (beetles and mites) in dry manure accumulations undisturbed over long periods of time attack and kill fly larvae and pupa stages. To encourage the establishment of natural enemies, farm operators should avoid excessive use of residual insecticides, especially synthetic pyrethroids. Fly parasites are tiny wasps that kill fly pupae. They attack only fly pupae in manure and are so small (similar in size to gnats) that they go unnoticed by humans and livestock. Farmers can make frequent releases of small numbers of these beneficial wasps to augment their existing populations of beneficial insects. The wasp females seek out fly pupae, kill them, and then lay eggs within the dead pupae. These eggs hatch and mature into a new generation of beneficial parasitic wasps. • Fly parasites are useful for the control of house flies, stable flies, blowflies, and many other fly species. They cannot sting or bite humans or animals. Advantages of fly parasites are ease of application and reduced need for chemical pesticides. Using fly parasites also prevents buildup of resistance to chemical pesticides, prevents immature flies from maturing to adult flies, and is cost-effective. With application, there is no equipment, no mixing, and no feed additives. Simply sprinkle them out of the bag onto the manure or staple the opened bag to posts or rafters near areas where fly breeding is a problem. Although fly parasites are an integral part of a good Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program, insecticides will still play a role in your control program. Insecticide use should be restrained. If biological control agents are to significantly contribute to fly-control programs, they must be integrated with chemical control, manure management, and moisture control to best enhance the beneficial populations. If you have a serious adult fly problem now, it is recommended that you use natural pyrethrins to get the adult population under control before introducing fly parasites. Permethrin is highly toxic to parasites and should be used with caution. • Larvicide use should also be limited, because most larvicides will kill beneficial insects as well. However, if you have a "hot spot" of heavy fly larvae, larvicides can be used http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.html 8/8/2008 Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604-06 Page 5 of 9 without inflicting much damage on the overall beneficial insect population. Insect Growth Regulator (IGR), such as cyromazine (Larvadex) approved for poultry • operations, does not affect beneficial insects. It only kills the fly larvae. This is the only larvicide that does not harm beneficial insects and can safely be applied to the breeding site without fear of destroying the beneficial insect populations. Sticky paper, tapes, or ribbons and bait traps will help reduce the adult fly population without hurting the natural enemies. Weekly removal and spreading of manure disrupts the fly life-cycle and prevents new adults from emerging in and around the barn. Removing the manure also helps the parasitic wasps, which find fly pupae more easily if the depth of the manure is relatively shallow. Leaving some surface manure behind when you clean out will keep the new generation of wasps in the barn. p Flies have the ability to produce more eggs, produce a new generation in a much shorter/1 / G period of time, and travel much greater distances than fly parasites. Consequently, it is best to release small amounts of fly parasites throughout the fly season rather than just one large release. Make weekly releases of 250 wasps per animal from mid to late May to August or September. Some farmers practice the release of 200 parasites per milking cow or 1,000 parasites per calf. Commercial farms that generate large quantities of manure should import fresh parasites weekly. For small farms, choose a biweekly, triweekly, or monthly schedule. • Many companies who sell parasites advertise their products in farm magazines but not all of them sell the right species adapted for the Ohio climate. Dairy farmers should purchase Muscidifurax raptor and avoid Nasonia vitripennis. Existing data indicates that in the Midwest the recommended species are as follows: Fly Parasite Species Flies Attacked Muscidifurax zaraptor House fly pupae preferred. Also attacks stable flies. Comments: Muscidifurax zaraptor stays nearer the surface where house fly pupae are more commonly found. Populations peak in summer, often July and August when the fly population peaks. This species is often the dominant parasitoid species in Midwest feedlots. Considered best against house fly pupae. Early season spring releases show promise. M. zaraptor moves out evenly from release sites, killing off concentrated house fly populations within 50 feet of release sites. Muscidifurax raptor House and stable fly pupae Comments: An outdoor species that also works indoors. M. raptor prefers dry, dark habitats and is active almost year-round, preferring cool temperatures and readily reproducing on late-season freeze-killed fly pupae. It has the potential to parasitize 20 • fly pupae per day for one to four weeks. Early-season inundative releases have been helpful against house flies. M. raptor populations increase in late September and http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.htm1 8/8/2008 Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604-06 Page 6 of 9 October when temperatures drop. • Spalangia nigroaena Stable fly pupae preferred. Also attacks house fly, horn fly, little house fly, dump fly, false stable fly, etc. Comments: Works well against both stable flies and house flies. S. nigroaenea digs deep into manure where stable fly pupae are found. Parasite release costs are usually offset by reduction in insecticide treatments. In research trials, dairy farmers using fly parasites have made as much as 80% fewer insecticide treatments with 50% lower fly populations than with conventional insecticide control. There is still much to learn on using fly parasites most effectively in fly management programs. Sources: Featured Creatures: House Fly. (EENY-48). University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. 1998. creatures.ifas.uffedu/urbaniflies/house_fly.htm Livestock and Livestock Building Pest Management. Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 473. ohioline.osu.edu/b473/index.html Mosquito Control Water management that prevents mosquito breeding is essential for effective control. Eggs do not hatch unless they are in water. Locate standing water on premises and eliminate it if possible. Drain or fill stagnant water pools, puddles, ditches, or swampy areas around the facility. Tires, in particular, require special mention because they are ideal breeding places for vector mosquitoes. Stagnant ponds, which are highly septic, and waste lagoons also can be breeding areas for a large number of mosquitoes. Mosquito larvae live around the edges of ponds and waste lagoons. A waste lagoon with a heavy crust will shelter fewer mosquitoes than a waste lagoon with floating scum and floating debris. Excessive amounts of emergent aquatic vegetation will also shelter mosquitoes. Follow these steps to reduce mosquito breeding areas: • Remove tin cans, old tires, buckets, glass jars, and other water-holding containers. • Clean out roof gutters so that water does not accumulate. Examine flat roofs after rains to make certain that no water remains more than one week. • Drain or fill stagnant water pools, puddles, and ditches or swampy areas around the farm. • Place tight covers over cisterns, cesspools, septic tanks, fire barrels, rain barrels, and tubs where water is stored. Drain tarps and silage covers where water may collect. • Drain tree holes and fill with Treekote and mortar. • Keep the grass mowed around ponds and lagoons and other bodies of water, taking care to keep clippings out of the water. Maintain farm ponds and waste lagoons according to good management practices. • • Stock ponds and reservoirs with mosquito-eating fish, such as green sunfish, bluegills, guppies, or any surface-feeding minnow. http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.html 8/8/2008 Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604-06 Page 7 of 9 . Keep drainage ditches on property clean and flowing. • For more information on mosquito species and control procedures, including chemicals, refer to Ohio State University Extension Bulletin 641, Mosquito Pest Management, ohioline.osu.edu/b641/index.html, or contact your local county Extension office. Control of Rattailed Maggots (Syrphid fly larvae) Frequently during the warm summer months, rattailed maggots are reported as a nuisance. These creatures are not a problem as long as they remain in the liquid manure pit; however, they are known to move out of the pit or lagoon in large numbers, contaminating livestock feed, accumulating in electrical boxes and causing short circuits, and congregating in stacks of egg cartons and other unwanted places. The maggots migrate to a drier place for pupation. Rattailed maggots, known as the larval or immature stage of syrphid flies, are about 1-1/4 inches long. The body portion is about three-fourths of an inch long, and the tail portion (breathing tube) one-half inch long. These maggots are white-colored with the body portion an elongated, oval, cylindrical shape, which is wrinkled and semitransparent, protracting into a long breathing tube (tail). These larvae of the Syrphid fly live in highly polluted water, such as livestock lagoons, abandoned fish pools, foul pools, and streams associated with barnyards, etc. Maggots are able to live in the water, if sufficient solids are present as food. The adult flies resemble honey bees in appearance and are often seen "hovering"near the ground in the barnyard. These flies do not bite or sting humans and are considered beneficial because they kill aphids. Control Measures of Rattailed Maggots Non-chemical treatment. Since this maggot breeds and feeds in highly polluted waters, efforts must be made to keep the lagoon in the optimum condition, promoting a more nearly ideal anaerobic condition. Never allow accumulations of manure above the water line, either floating or sticking to the sides, because these conditions enhance fly development. Keep the banks steep and weeds under control. Use loose soil and construct a soil barrier between the milk house and the rattailed maggot source. As maggots migrate to the soil barrier, they will dig into it to pupate rather than move into the milk house. Try to agitate the pit contents frequently during the spring and summer by pumping the pits routinely (at least once a week) to disrupt maggot development. Always maintain a waterline above the manure solids and clean out the pit contents on a routine basis. • Chemical treatment. Unfortunately, there are no good pesticide control measures. There http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.html 8/8/2008 Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide,Bulletin 604-06 Page 8 of 9 has been some success by layering either Ravap or Larvadex larvicide on the liquid and manure surface. Read the label for application instructions and safety guidelines. For best • results, do not agitate the pit contents after application. The pesticides are typically mixed with fuel oil, which clogs the long breathing tube of the rattailed maggot, similar to oils applied to the surface of stagnant, non-moving water to kill mosquito larvae. Control of Rodents Control of rodents around livestock structures is best accomplished by minimizing their access to a food supply. Farmers control rodents by proper storage of feed, proper disposal of spoiled feed, and limiting areas attractive as living quarters for rodents. The presence of rodents in enclosed livestock facilities can be minimized by proper design of structures and use of proper methods to eliminate rodents that do enter the facilities. Farmers must control rodents to minimize costs caused by feed loss, damage to livestock and feed structures, and spread of disease carried by rodents. Rats can get through a 1/2- inch hole, and mice only need 1/4 inch. Rats drink water three times a day and feed nocturnally twice a day. Construction and Design Rodent-proofing must include protective devices on pipes, electrical cables and conduits, drains, and other equipment where rodents travel. In addition to preventing access to • buildings along these routes, attention must be given to reducing shelter and food and water sources that rats and mice use. Both rats and mice use drainage pipes or sewage systems as routes to enter buildings. Equip floor drains with metal grates fastened securely in place. Use grate openings that are 1/4 inch across or less. Manure management systems in livestock facilities may be of a type where manure water is periodically drained from the building to a lagoon or other storage area. Extend discharge pipes far enough over the bank or into the lagoon to prevent rodents from jumping or crawling into the open end. Install rodent shields or use a downward-turned elbow to prevent rodents from gaining access. A "floating" metal cover at the open end of the discharge pipe, with a hinge at its upper edge, can also be effective. The hinge must operate easily so water or manure will open the cover, but the cover must fall back into the closed position when the flow stops. These covers sometimes freeze shut, so they must be checked regularly. Always cap pump-out ports for manure storage pits when they are not in use. When left open, they allow easy entry to rodents. References • Bait Stations for Controlling Rats and Mice, (G94-1215-A), NebGuide, University of Nebraska. ianrpubs.unl.edu/wildlife/g1215.htm http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.htm1 8/8/2008 Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604-06 rage 7 0l y • Controlling House Mice, (G92-1105-A), NebGuide, University of Nebraska. ianrpubs.unl.edu/wildlife/g1105.htm • Controlling Rats, (G92-1106-A), NebGuide, University of Nebraska. ianrpubs.unl.edu/wildlifetuM6.htm 106.htm_ Rodent-Proof Construction, (G94-1217-A), NebGuide, University of Nebraska. iaa_ibs,unl.edu/wildlife/g1217.htm Back I Forward I Table of Contents • • http://ohioline.osu.edu/b604/0010.htm1 8/8/2008 House Fly Biology and Management Page 1 of 4 West Virginia University Integrated F i 4 Pest Management Extension Service r- • v House Fly Biology and Management Peggy K. Powell, Ph. D, Board Certified Entomologist. Dr. Sam Barringer, Veterinarian October, 1995 House flies are well-known cosmopolitan pests of both farm and homestead. Not only are they a nuisance, but they also can transport disease-causing microorganisms. Thus, large populations of flies are a potential threat to the health of animal and man. Identification The adult house fly,Musca domestica, is 1/4-inch long and light gray, with four dark . lengthwise stripes on the thorax, pale yellow sides on the abdomen, and reddish eyes. House fly maggots are 3/8-inch long, creamy white, and spindle-shaped. Biology, Habits, and Life Cycle The house fly is a nonbiting fly belonging to a group of flies known as filth flies. This name comes from the female flies' habit of laying their eggs in various types of moist, decaying organic materials. House flies prefer to breed in either manure or garbage. Each female fly lays up to 500 eggs in several batches of about 150 each over a three to four day period. House fly maggots feed on and develop in the material where the eggs are laid. When the maggots are full grown, they crawl to a drier region of the breeding material and transform to the pupal stage. The house fly overwinters in either the larval or pupal stage under manure piles or in other protected locations. The life cycle from egg to adult requires as little as seven to 10 days. House flies are active in the Northeast from May through October with the largest populations occurring during July, August, and September. EXHIBIT • C 0 vsr ! Go'& http://www.caf.wvu.edu/—forage/housefly_mgmt.htm p� 8/8/2008 . 3 House Fly Biology and Management Page 2 of 4 it • 11 • io n S ! ;\ The lifesycle of the house fly is about 10-14 days long. Economic Threshold House flies are monitored with baited traps, sticky ribbons, or spot cards. Spot cards are 3-inch by 5-inch white index cards attached to fly resting surfaces. Cards have some advantages over the other monitoring methods in that they are nontoxic, inexpensive, and can be filed away for a permanent record of fly activity. A minimum of five cards should be placed in each animal facility and left in place for seven days. A count of 100 or more fecal or vomit spots per card per week indicates a high level of fly activity and a need for • control. Management Strategies Integrated pest management for house flies combines cultural manure management methods with the use of traps and biological control agents. Cultural Control. House fly management begins with removing the maggots' food source. Management of livestock waste is therefore the first step in a pest management program. Since the house fly can complete its life cycle in as little as seven days, removal of wet manure at least twice a week is necessary to break the breeding cycle. The manure can be spread to dry or added to a liquid manure pit. If a pit is used, care should be taken not to allow any manure to accumulate above the water line as this provides ideal conditions for fly development. Wet straw should not be allowed to pile up in or near buildings. Since straw is one of the best fly breeding materials, it is not recommended as bedding. Coarse sawdust or shredded paper make suitable bedding materials and do not breed flies. Spilled feed should not be allowed accumulate but should be cleaned up every two to three days. Mechanical Control. Traps for adult flies can be useful in house fly control programs if enough traps are used, if they are placed correctly, and if they are used both indoors and http://www.calwvu.edukforage/housefly_mgmt.htm 8/8/2008 House Fly Biology and Management Page 3 of 4 outdoors. House flies are attracted to white surfaces and to baits that give off odors. Thus, cone- or pyramid-shaped traps covered with white freezer paper and coated with sticky • adhesive are usually effective. Such traps can be baited with a mixture of molasses, water, grain, and milk. An alternative baitCdeveloped at the Beltsville, Maryland Agricultural Research Center and known as the Beltsville BaitCis more convenient to mix and store (see recipe below). Outdoors, one trap should be installed for every 20 to 30 feet of perimeter of fly breeding area. Recommended placement areas include near building entrances, in alleyways, beneath trees, and around animal sleeping areas and manure piles. Indoors, ultraviolet light traps collect the flies inside an inverted cone or kill them with an electrocuting grid. One trap should be installed for every 30 feet of wall inside buildings. Biological Control. The use of biological control agents in fly management programs is still at a relatively early stage. At present, parasitic wasps are the most widely used biological control agents for house flies. A highly recommended parasitic wasp for livestock operations in the northeast is the species Muscidafurax raptor. Other species commonly sold through farm magazines have proven ineffective in some cases. In addition to the parasites that occur naturally in a manure ecosystem, populations can be supplemented by periodic releases of wasps purchased from a commercial insectary. House fly populations develop twice as fast as parasite populations. Therefore, without • supplemental parasite releases there is a lag time of several weeks between numbers of flies and numbers of parasites. An early-season augmentative parasite release program can greatly increase the population of parasites. Such a release program should begin in mid- to late May and 4/ SD f continue through August. Research indicates that weekly releases of 200 parasites per j( act, cow can provide effective control. Using this number, the average cost per cow for the parasites is 26 cents per week or between $2.60 and $4.70 for an entire season. The cost 9M Cc of the parasites normally is more than offset by savings in traditional insecticides. Since each farm is different, however, the actual number of parasites used may require adjustment to be both effective and affordable. Parasitic wasps should not be used as the sole method of control. Their use should be combined with a program of manure management and trapping. If it becomes necessary to include the use of insecticides into a management program, only products that are not harmful to the parasites, such as baits and pyrethrin space sprays, should be used. Beltsville Bait 1 • 1 pound granulated sugar http://www.calwvu.edu/-forage/housefly_mgmt.htm 8/8/2008 House Fly Biology and Management Page 4 of 4 1 pound baking powder (double-acting type) • 2 ounces dry bakers' yeast 6 ounces air-dried blood or freeze-dried fish meal 1/4 cup honey 2 tablespoons water (actual amount required may vary with humidity of the air) Mix the ingredients thoroughly. Press the mixture into a plastic ice-cube tray to form cubes. Invert the tray to dump the cubes, then let them dry to form hard blocks. To use the bait, add 2 bait cubes to 2 quarts of water. Place the bait in a wide-mouth pan beneath a cone- or yramid-shaped trap. Pickens, L. G., E. T. Schmidtmann and R. W. Miller. 1994. How to control house and stable flies without using pesticides. USDA Agricultural Information Bulletin Number 673. Programs and activities offered by the West Virginia University Extension Service are available to all persons without regard • to race,color,sex,disability,religion,age or national origin. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work,Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914,in cooperation with the U.S.Department of Agriculture. Charles Moms,Interim Director,Cooperative Extension Service,West Virginia University. Return to: 111. 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L ,� = O 10 (0 o c �9 C vri > •••••• ( Ltipt N a) (0 _N a) ro •— awn �� tit. • t+rc •a O +' �- O• 0 U r0 U r o r0 C ,, S..... s aS • M 4.1 "'" to F .y � '- c 4-14.. (Lo N O a) L L a) t •b• _ •. sY ....y-•- L p Q) Q) L r0 ,C U r us. Q .p - - a - .. ki X " �4 arc 4 a fl' E O O (0 C C •L ra im a •�• �;� i. ' W L '� ,yr.. ., �- O r0 r L A L L Q1 a1 C a :t _ f � O �+ O V Q — its F— N r -Q r0 L a) O V a +flS )44 w = cu . �-• . i1 L - ' < .000 Attachment B County of Santa Clara ;°i;; • Environmental Resources Agency O.: 1 i Department of Environmental Health ywA. Imo t. Vector Control District ETAG�976 Lenzen Avenue San Jose. California 95126 (408) 792-5010 FAX 298-6356 COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA VECTOR CONTROL DISTRICT COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT 4140 CANADA ROAD POULTRY FACILITY OWNER: CERTIFIED EGG FARMS, INC./OLSEN FARMS 601 S. Millikin Avenue Suite 4100 Ontario, CA 91761-7898 Contact Person: Phone Number: Fax Number OPERATOR: OLWERA FOODS P.O. Box 32126 San Jose, CA 95152 • Contact Person: Phone Number: Fax Number: RANCH LOCATION: 4140 CANADA ROAD, GILROY CALIFORNIA BACKGROUND On November 19, 2002, the Board of Supervisors of the County of Santa Clara made a preliminary finding that a public nuisance did exist at the commercial poultry facility located at 4140 Canada Road, Gilroy, California. A Notice to Abate was issued by the Vector Control District to the owner and to the operator of the ranch per California Health and Safety Code section 2061. An hearing on the appeal of the preliminary finding of the public nuisance before the Board of Supervisors commenced on 12/10/01, was continued to 1/14/03, and was completed on 2/25/03. The Board ultimately granted the appeal, but expressed concern about the commitment of the owner and operator to operate the ranch so that there would be no nuisance. Board of Supervisors:Donald F.Gage,Blanca Alvarado,Pete McHugh,James T.Beall Jr., Liz Kniss County Executive: Richard Wittenberg • 04/15/2003 EXHIBIT I 1 ca 4to ok The Board directed staff to work with the owner and operator on the submittal of a Manure and Vector Management Plan (MVMP) and to enter into a Compliance Agreement with the owner • and operator to ensure nuisance levels are not reached. In addition, the Board asked to receive updates of the results of the inspections of the ranch no less than quarterly. The Board Chairperson additionally noted that the Department was to immediately inform the Board should conditions deteriorate to the level of a preliminary finding of a public nuisance. AGREEMENT. 1. The owner and operator of 4140 Canada Road, a commercial poultry operation, will sign and submit this Compliance Agreement to the Santa Clara County Vector Control District by April 04, 2003. 2. The operator will submit an updated Manure and Vector Management Plan (MVMP) to the Vector Control District by April 04, 2003. The operator will utilize the MVMP forms to be provided by the Vector Control District. The operator will review and resubmit an annual MVMP no later than the last working day of January each subsequent year. 3. The Vector Control District (District) and the Department of Environmental Health (Department)will review the MVMP within 10 working days of receipt and either approve the MVMP as submitted or return the MVMP with comments as to the inadequacy of the document. If the MVMP is deemed inadequate, a corrected MVMP must be resubmitted for approval within 10 working days of receipt of the comments. 4. The District and/or Department will monitor the fly abundance at the ranch by posting a total of 16, (3 inch by 5 inch)fly monitoring spot cards at the following locations: 2 at each end of poultry houses 1 and 2 (subtotal of 8 cards) and then 4 additional cards spaced equidistant across the length of poultry houses 1 and 2 (subtotal of 8 cards). Spot cards will be placed • in the lower manure collection galley. Spot cards will be placed approximately 4 to 5 feet above the cement floor of poultry houses 1 and 2. The District and/or Department will on a weekly basis (7 calendar days) assess fly abundance by counting and recording the number of fly spots present on one exposed surface of each card. Inspections will be performed on Thursday of each week, unless special circumstances require a change in schedule. The operator will be noticed by fax of any necessary change to the inspection schedule. 5. When the average fly spot count exceeds 50, the owner and operator will be given a warning of the high fly abundance by written notice delivered in person or by certified mail. The average fly abundance number will be the total number of recorded fly spots divided by sixteen (the total number of spot cards placed in poultry houses 1 and 2). Upon receipt by the operator of the written notice of warning that the 50 fly spot weekly count has been exceeded the operator must take the following actions: a) Poultry houses number 1 and 2 must go to a twice weekly manure clean out and removal program. Manure clean out must be accomplished by double scraping of the concrete floor to ensure complete manure removal. Manure shall not remain on the tipping pad for more than 72 hours before removal. The twice weekly clean out and removal schedule must be implemented within 7 calendar days of receipt of the warning of the 50 fly spot count. b) Poultry houses will be sprayed with appropriate fly control compounds within 24 hours. To provide validation of this activity the operator is expected to keep an accurate record of all fly control activities (name of applicator, name of compound applied, final mix concentration of applied compound, date and time of application, locations of applied control compounds, and how control compound was applied) and to provide a • 04/15/2003 2 copy of the record upon demand during the follow up inspection. 6. Upon receipt by the operator of the written notice of warning that the 50 fly spot weekly • count has been exceeded, and a subsequent failure to conduct twice weekly manure clean out and removal within 7 calendar days of operator's receipt of the warning, the Vector Control District will issue a preliminary finding of a public nuisance. 7. Upon receipt by the operator of the written notice of warning that the 50 fly spot weekly count has been exceeded, and a subsequent failure to spray and validate spray activities within 24 hours of operator's receipt of the warning, the Vector Control District will issue a preliminary finding of a public nuisance. 8. Should the average fly spot card weekly count exceed 75, a preliminary finding of a public nuisance will be issued immediately. 9. The statutory procedures in Health and Safety Code section 2061 will be followed for the preliminary finding of a public nuisance, including the right to a hearing before the Board of Supervisors. 10. The owner and operator certify that the addresses listed in the document are correct. The owner and operator both agree that the notice of a preliminary finding of a public nuisance may be served in person or by certified mail at the addresses listed in this document and such notice will be deemed to be in compliance with the requirements of Health and Safety Code section 2061. Owner and operator will immediately notify the Vector Control District Manager of any changes to this information 11. The owner and operator acknowledge that a finding of a public nuisance may result in penalties up to$1000 per day for each day a public nuisance exists on the property. • 12. This Compliance Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which will for all purposes be deemed to be an original and all of which will together constitute one and the same instrument. Date Owner Title Date Operator Title Date Tim Mulligan, Manager, Vector Control District Date Antone Pacheco, Director DEH, HMC Division • 04/15/2003 3 Release No. 0228.07 Page 1 of 2 • EXHIBIT Liaslisi NEWS RELEASE - - • Un4ed Status Department of Agrcullure • Office of Carrwnuntcatlons • 1400 independence Avenue.SW Washington, DC 202501300 • Voice-(202)720-4623 • Email:oc.neWS8usda.gov • Web:h11p/Avww.usda gov Release No. 0228.07 Contact: Billy Cox(202) 720-8998 Angela Harless(202) 720-4623 AURORA ORGANIC DAIRY SIGNS CONSENT AGREEMENT WITH USDA's AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE Q&A's on the Aurora Consent Agreement(PDF) Notice of Proposed Revocation of Aurora Organic Dairy (PDF) Consent Agreement with Aurora Organic Dairy (PDF) WASHINGTON, Aug. 29, 2007 -The USDA Agricultural Marketing Service(AMS)has entered into a consent agreement with Aurora Organic Dairy (Aurora)in response to a Notice of Proposed Revocation issued earlier this year alleging violations of National Organic Program (NOP) regulations. Under the consent agreement, Aurora's Platteville, Colo., facility must meet several conditions in order to continue to operate as a certified organic dairy • operation. These conditions include removing certain animals from the organic herd and ceasing to apply the organic label to certain milk. Additionally, AMS will exercise increased scrutiny over Aurora's operations during a one-year probationary review period. If Aurora does not abide by the agreement during that time, AMS may withdraw from the agreement and could revoke the organic certification for Aurora's Platteville, Colo., plant. "The organic industry is booming and the National Organic Program is a high priority for USDA," said Bruce I. Knight,under secretary for marketing and regulatory programs, "and through this consent agreement consumers can be assured that milk labeled as organic in the supermarket is indeed organic." Under terms of the consent agreement Aurora also must file new organic systems plans for its Platteville, Colo., and Dublin, TX, facilities. These new plans will address all of the inconsistencies between its operations and the NOP regulations identified in the Notice of Proposed Revocation. Major adjustments required at Aurora's Platteville, Colo., facility include: 1)providing daily access to pasture during the growing season, acknowledging that lactation is not a reason to deny access to pasture; 2)reducing the number of cows to a level consistent with available pasture with agreed maximum stocking densities; • 3)eliminating improperly transitioned cows from its herd and not marketing those cows' milk as organic; and http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/!ut/p/_s.7_0_A/7_0_1 RD?printable true&contentidonly=... 7/24/2008 Release No. 0228.07 rage L or L � 1 4) agreeing to use the more stringent transition process in the NOP regulations for animals added to its dairy herd. • Aurora also agreed not to renew the organic certification for its Woodward, Colo., facility. Additionally, Aurora agreed to enter into written agreements with suppliers of animals for its Dublin, Texas facility that verify the certification of those suppliers and the proper transitioning to the organic status of those animals. AMS initiated its investigation of Aurora based upon a complaint alleging insufficient pasture for its animals. In investigating this complaint, AMS investigators also uncovered the improper transitioning of animals and a failure to maintain adequate records . Aurora's Platteville, Colo. and Dublin, Texas plants will be closely monitored for compliance with the provisions of the agreement. If AMS finds the terms of the consent agreement are not being met, then the agreement will be withdrawn and AMS could revoke the organic certification for Aurora's Platteville, Colo., plant. As a result of the investigation, Aurora's certifying agent, the Colorado Department of Agriculture (CDA), agreed earlier this year to make several changes in its operation, including attending increased NOP training and hiring additional personnel. Congress passed the Organic Foods Production Act(OFPA) of 1990. The OFPA required the U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA)to develop national standards for organically produced agricultural products to assure consumers that agricultural products marketed as organic meet consistent, uniform standards. The OFPA and the National Organic Program (NOP)regulations require that agricultural products labeled as organic originate from farms or • handling operations certified by a State or private entity that has been accredited by USDA. The NOP is a marketing program housed within the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service. Neither the OFPA nor the NOP regulations address food safety or nutrition. Additional information about this program is available on the National Organic Program Web site at www.ams.usda.gov/nop . • http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/!ut/p/_s.7_0_A/7 0_1RD?printable=true&contentidonly=... 7/24/2008 September 23, 2008 • Commissioner Jerke: We have been involved in this process with Aurora Organic Dairy (AOD) for almost a year now, and would like to think that we are in a better scenario than a year ago. If I was a betting man, I'm guessing that the outcome of the hearing on October Pt will be to dismiss the show cause and the dairy be allowed to operate under its USR permit. I have not wanted the dairy to lose its USR permit, but rather that they operate AOD under the management plan that they put into place and were the neighbor that they say they are. I have a plan(to be addressed later)that will hopefully satisfy all parties. In response to the continued show cause hearing of August 13, 2008, I would like to address some of the rebuttal statements from Dr. Valez of AOD. This goes again to prove that AOD says one thing and does another. Dr. Valez stated that they were milking 3,600 and the dry cows were at another facility. When I stated that on August 10, 2008 the north half of the pasture by our house was full of springers (bred heifers that were at least 60 days from calving) and dry cows, he changed his head count up to 4,200 to 4,300. Dr. Valez also stated that AOD has acted very carefully not to run wastewater through their sprinklers. This was in rebuttal to the photos (Exhibit DD)that I presented showing AOD's sprinkler appling effluent to the pasture and on WCR 57 buy our house. If you recall at the last hearing, their west lagoon's liner failed this past spring and had to be dewatered. That effluent was pumped through their sprinklers this past spring. • Dewatering is a practice that AOD does in the spring and fall. Dr. Valez was also trying to rebut the fact that in their own management plan, they were going to release 1,000,000 wasps per week. AOD started by releasing 400,000 and worked up to 650,000 wasps. They are going to tell you that 650,000 wasps multiply into 1,000,000 because of proliferation, some of that happens, but insectary's only guarantee the lower number and the lower number is their suggested rate to work from. AOD claims to be such a good neighbor. If that is so,then why does none of their management team live on sight or in close proximity. If they are such a good neighbor, on July 11, 2008 when Laurie Exby (Health Department) came to our house and found nuisance flies, we went to AOD to meet with Bill Cronin,G.M. Instead of acting, Bill reacted, stating that the flies could not be coming from the dairy. This is part of the arrogance that I still see from AOD. We documented excessive flies 5 of the next 30 days and still no action. Finally after our presentations at the August 13th hearing and a meeting I had with Scott and Brad Crockroft, a meeting was set(August 20th) with Sonja Tuitele (VP Communications AOD) Scott Cockroft, George Mazzuca(Cockroft's fly guy) myself and Jimmie Wolfrum. At that meeting it was confirmed that the flies we were experiencing were not coming from our property, but coming from across the road from AOD's grazing area. I was able to prove that point, when we walked across the road to the grazing area and just a few feet into field found cow pies full of fly larvae holes. After 41 days from the July 11th meeting with Bill Cronin and the day after the August 20th meeting, we finally had some action from AOD. They started mowing and harrowing • EXHIBIT I }+}4 ► • b . the pasture, they placed more fly traps and started releasing wasps. These are all measures that AOD stated they would implement as part of their management plan, but • had not done so. Again say one thing do another. Since then we have only had flies a few times and the spraying seems to be taking care of them. If we had not put pressure on them, no action would have been taken. A good neighbor would have looked into the issue on the first day and not waited for over 40 days before taking action. This leaves me with a plan that I feel should appease all parties. If AOD wants to be the good neighbor, they should sign a Consent Agreement, that would hold them to the management plan they feel are the Best Management Practices to keep them in compliance. Buy AOD signing a Consent Agreement, this is a guarantee that we as neighbors will know that AOD is going to be diligent in their efforts to mitigate any nuisance issues that might possibly arise. At the last hearing on August 13th I presented you copies of a Consent Agreement from Santa Clara County(exhibit FF). Disregard that this is an Egg Production facility; I think that it is a very good outline on how such an agreement could be written and implemented. Note they had nuisance issues and the board of Supervisors allowed the egg farm to continue to operate, but had concerns about the operator's commitment to continue to operate the farm so that there would be no more nuisance conditions. With in that agreement it outlines how they had county employees monitoring fly populations. This might be something that Weld County looks at. The Consent Agreement had included detection thresholds and nuisance thresholds. When nuisance levels were exceeded there were fines imposed. Given what we have experienced over the last year with AOD, I am confident that with such an agreement in place, it will hold AOD to the standards of their own management plan. This should keep • this process from happening on an annual basis. With the new cheese facility coming to Greeley, there will be 30,000 to 40,000 more dairy cows come to the area. Hopefully Weld County will be ahead of the curve, rather than behind. Knowing that the Health Department already monitors nuisance issues, I think that they could easily expand their scope to do more sight inspections for flies, dust and odor to establish base lines for all operations, dairies & feedlots ect. Another suggestion that I would have concerns permitting any future Organic operations. It has been proven over the last year that Organic operations need to be permitted with rules specific to them, such as nuisance issues and the size and scope of the operation. Since August 21"we have seen AOD following their management plan and we have had only a few fly days. But this followed 41 days of non action following the meeting with Bill Cronin. But it actually took from the start of their grazing period (about May 1")to August 21'to implement the grazing portion of their management plan. In closing I would like to say that we have seen an improvement from this operation. But we are concerned about how we have to continue to put up with their arrogance and lack of action on issues. By standing up for our personal and property rights, we and other neighbors have been labeled by the dairy and other neighbors as whiners and complainers. We knew that when the dairy moved in, we were going to have changes, such as more traffic, dust and odor. Not once have we said anything to the dairy about • those issues that we have experienced. I have suggested to AOD, that for the proper price • they could purchase our property to add to their operation. Again, I want to thank you as commissioners for your time, patience and professionalism in this matter and ask that you make the appropriate decision. Sin c rely, Stan Rogers 35297 WCR 57 Gill, CO (970)454-3626 • • Attachment B County of Santa Clara Environmental Resources Agency Department of Environmental Health Vector Control District 976 Lenzen Avenue San Jose. California 95126 (408)792-5010 FAX 298-6356 COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA VECTOR CONTROL DISTRICT COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT 4140 CANADA ROAD POULTRY FACILITY OWNER: CERTIFIED EGG FARMS, INC./OLSEN FARMS 601 S. Millikin Avenue Suite 4100 Ontario, CA 91761-7898 Contact Person: _ Phone Number: Fax Number: OPERATOR: OLIVERA FOODS P.O. Box 32126 San Jose, CA 95152 • Contact Person: Phone Number: Fax Number: RANCH LOCATION: 4140 CANADA ROAD, GILROY CALIFORNIA BACKGROUND On November 19, 2002, the Board of Supervisors of the County of Santa Clara made a preliminary finding that a public nuisance did exist at the commercial poultry facility located at 4140 Canada Road, Gilroy, California. A Notice to Abate was issued by the Vector Control District to the owner and to the operator of the ranch per California Health and Safety Code section 2061. An hearing on the appeal of the preliminary finding of the public nuisance before the Board of Supervisors commenced on 12/10/01, was continued to 1/14/03, and was completed on 2/25/03. The Board ultimately granted the appeal, but expressed concern about the commitment of the owner and operator to operate the ranch so that there would be no nuisance. Board of Supervisors:Donald F. Gage,Blanca Alvarado,Pete McHugh,James T.Beall Jr.,Liz Kniss County Executive:Richard Wittenberg • 04/15/2003 1 The Board directed staff to work with the owner and operator on the submittal of a Manure and Vector Management Plan (MVMP) and to enter into a Compliance Agreement with the owner • and operator to ensure nuisance levels are not reached. In addition, the Board asked to receive updates of the results of the inspections of the ranch no less than quarterly. The Board Chairperson additionally noted that the Department was to immediately inform the Board should conditions deteriorate to the level of a preliminary finding of a public nuisance. AGREEMENT. 1. The owner and operator of 4140 Canada Road, a commercial poultry operation, will sign and submit this Compliance Agreement to the Santa Clara County Vector Control District by April 04,2003. 2. The operator will submit an updated Manure and Vector Management Plan (MVMP) to the Vector Control District by April 04, 2003. The operator will utilize the MVMP forms to be provided by the Vector Control District. The operator will review and resubmit an annual MVMP no later than the last working day of January each subsequent year. 3. The Vector Control District (District) and the Department of Environmental Health (Department)will review the MVMP within 10 working days of receipt and either approve the MVMP as submitted or return the MVMP with comments as to the inadequacy of the document If the MVMP is deemed inadequate, a corrected MVMP must be resubmitted for approval within 10 working days of receipt of the comments. 4. The District and/or Department will monitor the fly abundance at the ranch by posting a total of 16, (3 inch by 5 inch)fly monitoring spot cards at the following locations: 2 at each end of poultry houses 1 and 2 (subtotal of 8 cards) and then 4 additional cards spaced equidistant across the length of poultry houses 1 and 2 (subtotal of 8 cards). Spot cards will be placed • in the lower manure collection galley. Spot cards will be placed approximately 4 to 5 feet above the cement floor of poultry houses 1 and 2. The District and/or Department will on a weekly basis (7 calendar days) assess fly abundance by counting and recording the number of fly spots present on one exposed surface of each card. Inspections will be performed on Thursday of each week, unless special circumstances require a change in schedule. The operator will be noticed by fax of any necessary change to the inspection schedule. 5. When the average fly spot count exceeds 50, the owner and operator will be given a warning of the high fly abundance by written notice delivered in person or by certified mail. The average fly abundance number will be the total number of recorded fly spots divided by sixteen (the total number of spot cards placed in poultry houses 1 and 2). Upon receipt by the operator of the written notice of warning that the 50 fly spot weekly count has been exceeded the operator must take the following actions: a) Poultry houses number 1 and 2 must go to a twice weekly manure dean out and removal program. Manure clean out must be accomplished by double scraping of the concrete floor to ensure complete manure removal. Manure shall not remain on the tipping pad for more than 72 hours before removal. The twice weekly clean out and removal schedule must be implemented within 7 calendar days of receipt of the warning of the 50 fly spot count. b) Poultry houses will be sprayed with appropriate fly control compounds within 24 hours. To provide validation of this activity the operator is expected to keep an accurate record of all fly control activities (name of applicator, name of compound applied, final mix concentration of applied compound, date and time of application, locations of applied control compounds, and how control compound was applied) and to provide a • 04/15/2003 2 copy of the record upon demand during the follow up inspection. • 6. Upon receipt by the operator of the written notice of warning that the 50 fly spot weekly count has been exceeded, and a subsequent failure to conduct twice weekly manure clean out and removal within 7 calendar days of operator's receipt of the warning, the Vector Control District will issue a preliminary finding of a public nuisance. 7. Upon receipt by the operator of the written notice of warning that the 50 fly spot weekly count has been exceeded, and a subsequent failure to spray and validate spray activities within 24 hours of operator's receipt of the warning, the Vector Control District will issue a preliminary finding of a public nuisance. 8. Should the average fly spot card weekly count exceed 75, a preliminary finding of a public nuisance will be issued immediately. 9. The statutory procedures in Health and Safety Code section 2061 will be followed for the preliminary finding of a public nuisance, including the right to a hearing before the Board of Supervisors. 10. The owner and operator certify that the addresses listed in the document are correct. The owner and operator both agree that the notice of a preliminary finding of a public nuisance may be served in person or by certified mail at the addresses listed in this document and such notice will be deemed to be in compliance with the requirements of Health and Safety Code section 2061. Owner and operator will immediately notify the Vector Control District Manager of any changes to this information 11. The owner and operator acknowledge that a finding of a public nuisance may result in penalties up to$1000 per day for each day a public nuisance exists on the property. • 12. This Compliance Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which will for all purposes be deemed to be an original and all of which will together constitute one and the same instrument. Date Owner Title Date Operator Title Date Tim Mulligan, Manager, Vector Control District Date Antone Pacheco, Director DEH, HMC Division • 04/15/2003 3 • Memorandum TO: Board of County Commissioners ' C D September 25, 2008 FROM: Laurie Exby, Environmental Health Services SUBJECT: Aurora Organic Dairy Fly Surveillance COLORADO Since the last hearing, on August 13, 2008, no complaints have been registered against the Aurora Organic Dairy regarding flies or any other issue. On September 24, 2008, I visited the Aurora Organic Dairy and several of the nearby neighbors. At the time of the investigation the weather was clear, no wind and approximately 72 degrees(Weld County Airport weather information). Below is a summary of my findings and observations: Aurora Dairy Facility — There were very few flies throughout the entire facility, milking parlor, office and hallway. I spoke with Bill Kronin. He indicated he had no complaints and the fly controls seemed to be working. The facility is still setting out the wasps as a control measure. There were no nuisance conditions observed at the dairy facility. • 28545 CR 72 (Noah residence)— Pat indicated the flies have been no problem for them. They have chickens and cattle and have not had a problem with the flies this year like last year. No nuisance conditions were observed at the Noah property. 35297 CR-57 (Roger's residence) — No one was home at the time I stopped by. I left a card and received a call on September 25, 2008, owner stated the flies have not been a problem. George Matsuka, (Cockroft fly control person) has been spraying the flies at the residence. The sprays are pyrethrum based, synergistic and a residual spray. The owner seems to be okay with the way things are going with the fly control. He is still concerned about when the cows graze across the street whether or not the flies will be controlled. Currently, the pasture across CR — 57 residence is not being grazed. The field has been disked and drilled to prepare for next year. 35191 CR-57-This residence sold to Aurora Organic Dairy. An employee of Aurora is now residing in this home. No nuisance conditions observed 34257 CR-57 (Wolfrum residence) - A $7000+ HVAC system has been installed which allows the garage to be closes and keeps the flies out of the home and business. The owner is on a program which ships 25k wasps each week. He stated this appears to be controlling flies at his home/business, and also states "I couldn't have gotten a gallon bag of flies over the whole summer."The main concern is whether or not Aurora will continue to • control the flies. Aurora has shown how well they are able to control the flies, now will they 'EXHIBIT it Aurora Organic Dairy Page 2 of 2 be held to this standard from here forward. The other concern expressed, is should this problem arise again, neighbors would be subjected to another lengthy hearing process in • order to gain compliance. OTHER: At the time of the investigation the pasture across from 34257 CR- 57 had been ripped and seed was being drilled. I asked Bill Kronin what was going on and he stated water would be put on the field and the grass would grow to about 2 inches. This growth should prevent dust from blowing from the pasture. SUMMARY: It appears from the investigation, flies at the facility have/are well controlled. The measures implemented by Aurora Organic Dairy seem to have controlled the flies both on and off property throughout the summer and early fall. • • Esther Ges[ck From: Suzzanne Shaw[suzzanneshaw@yahoo.com] ant: Tuesday, September 30, 2008 8:39 PM Esther Gesick c: sonjat@auroraorganic.com; dawn@auroraorganic.com Subject: Commissioners hearing Dear Esther, I am pleased to write to you regarding the current state of our property in regards to the fly problems. The folks at Aurora Organic have done everything they committed to doing last year at the meetings. We have had nothing more than the usual fly population. We had one instance in which we needed to have the dairy respond to a problem regarding our neighbor to the West of us. Aurora Organic had been a good neighbor and had agreed to spread manure on his pasture at no cost. We were concerned as to the length of time the manure was left and not disked into the field. The folks at the dairy took immediate action and the problem was taken care of quickly even though it was not directly their problem. We were very concerned and angry last year having to live with a significant nuisance. We are happy to report that we feel the problem has been alleviated. In conclusion we hope lessons have been learned and we will not have a repeat of the problems we had in 2007, and look forward to a continued amicable relationship with the folks at Aurora Organic Dairy. Please feel free to contact me via phone should you have any additional questions or concerns. •ncerely Tom Shaw 970.396.3258 EXHIBIT • I ay w 1 10/1/08 Commissioners, I want to start by saying I appreciate how tired you must be of seeing us. You can only imagine how tiring it must be for us. My family has a life just as worthy as the Dairy. We all try to lead positive and productive lives for ourselves and for the community. Although we don't have a slide show we all have histories and stories to tell. Again my common sense tells me that there has to be something fundamentally wrong when you have to keep selling your company to a community so you can continue in that business. I believe it's time this Dairy and its management take responsibility for the attitude it has brought to this once very quiet neighborhood. They need to except that they manipulated some neighbors into getting free milk from them. Only to have it used to get signatures of support for the Dairy. Every person I told this story to reacted the same way and the same words came up every time. "Wrong and un-ethical". We all know that first Impressions are very important in the business world. In this world in general. I would say that it would be difficult for this business to overcome the first impression this neighborhood has. Yet it has taken rrrnx�� 10/1/08 numerous meetings presented to the County Commissioners to get their attention. At some point the Aurora Dairy is going to ask for permission to put another Dairy site in not far from this one. My intentions today are to encourage the Weld County Commissioners to keep in mind and remember all that we have had to go through to get to this point with this company. That the owners don't even live in Weld County and to see through the fancy slide shows and campaigning and see this business for what it really is. Please remember that people have lost their jobs, property has been damaged, families have moved away and neighbors are fighting amongst themselves. Does Weld County really need this kind of black cloud hanging over it? This county has many families who own Dairies that would love to fill the void. Family owned dairies that deserve to have the chance. The only neighbors that support this Dairy are the ones that want their properties bought out for the new site. Their support has personal implications. Yes! This Dairy has worked hard to rectify the problems it caused. But we still have concern for our future. I don't trust that they will continue to work hard for us. We have heard so many things that aren't true in their testimony that we 10/1/08 naturally mistrust them. My husband has outlined those issues in a personal letter sent to the Commissioners. Can we come before the Commissioners again if we continue to have issues with this Dairy? What guarantee do we have that they will continue to comply with their nuisance control promises? Wendy L. Rogers 35297 WCR 57 Gill, CO 80624 970-454-3626 7617"0-1-1 a I is n^ S 1181HX3 -_. . _ i I 1_ 4 % Si I I 4 ` i 1 • 1. !_ i , f + > 1 a i f 4 i IT lil -N -4) . al 411% 9 � . 1- , i IT r1itII 1 r f I. sor a el 1 ♦ fle } . dir rt ' i t I 4 i 1 . • I „77/ 10 -011 II1 l' - • f r ,1 , 4 1. _. _. tl .4 • d it II .- "' - 00)111 t ' f_ /Y. - 4 . ' • e ' " . /- • v -t _.a mili • • • — • • a 4 • • • • • • • . se L- • • • N a k al -+ j • ;•• • • a elk -2 . 1:.- - - -. . I •II _ _ . ._ _ - - °I �. . II rfr. ; ., III i = •164 t r r L - -, -I ' P ''r i- _ i IA . .T- r. E — - . . _.I. i II I I, - .t •- r I _ • , •�A� . i h_ 1 1• ' �• : r ._ - II - _ t I . I L _ ' I, - - - - I ,IL 14 - 3. pH : : - r -I ' . : - : : I I •I T1 - 'I 1 r. - L ; - _Erv_ • �_- _ III. , _ 1• "•_i _r - Cl �- I I 't G _ I' � . . '• k - - -J - I • - - v . . • I - - - I I = I I ,• M i1 I ii-- -•1 1- t 1 ,. II T �I . 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S, • .• A CO • • IL 146".6\I I • ssi 4 ( 1/4, IISV3 • IlleS ' • • • • • • • • • • • AD • • ro¶ UOLt) : L ORGANIC DAIRY Weld County Commissioners Hearing October 1 , 2008 Introductions Aurora Organic Dairy — Dr. Juan Velez, Vice President, Farm Operations — Bill Cronin , General Manager, High Plains Dairy — Dr. Mauricio Benzaquen , Director, Technical Services — Dawn Wobig, High Plains Dairy Office Manager Landowners — Scott & Brad Cockroft Consultants — Julie Cozad , Tetra Tech — Ken Lind , Lind , Lawrence & Ottenhoff EXHIBIT to S u rOr 4, Use by Special Review L , ,t:, , , .I, , lair;, J History and Background : • USR-1602 - Facility was approved by BOCC July 11 , 2007 • Conditions from Show Cause Hearing and Update since October 24, 2007; continued August 13, 2008 — Management Plan - Nuisance Control • Aurora Organic Dairy has demonstrated it has been, and continues to be, fully in compliance with the conditions of approval for USR-1602 z --tee alle , .s- h , - ii0000001eSSIe iv: -• lin;_ .....***). . -ra. 2 4- k uror. Timeline L ,.,r, , - ..I, ' \itty -I • 7/11/07 — Commissioners approve USR-1602 • 10/24/07 - Show Cause Hearing — continued to 8/13/08 • 10/07 — Commencement of dust control on County Roads • 1/8/08 — Aurora High Plains Dairy hosts Open House for neighbors. County staff attended. • 1/9/08 — Aurora Organic Dairy mails 2008 management plans to neighbors • 2/2/08 - Aurora launches Good Neighbor milk days - first Sat. of each month • 4/9/08 — Aurora begins its fly monitoring program at the High Plains Dairy • 4/15/08 — Aurora begins composting 100% of its manure at High Plains Dairy • 4/24108 — Aurora begins its wasp release program at the High Plains Dairy •7/10/08 — High Plains Dairy hosts Open House and tour for neighbors. County staff attended. • 8/8/08 — County Planning and Health Departments site inspection. • 8/13/08 — Commissioners continue Show Cause to 10/1/08 • 8/20/08 - Sonja Tuitele of Aurora, Scott Cockroft, land owner, and George Mazzuca met with Stan Rogers to discuss fly control on his property. • 8/24/08 — Aurora completed mowing and harrowing of North Pasture adjacent to Rogers property, placed alsynite traps and wasp release sites on the pasture • 8/26/08 — George Mazzuca began spraying Rogers property. Plans to spray once/week for remainder of fly season • 9/19/08 - Sonja Tuitele visited Rogers property, confirmed no nuisance conditions on property • 9/22/08 — County staff site inspection. • 9/26/08 - Aurora submits final monitoring report to the County Health Department. 5 IkUrorJ Nuisance Management Program • Comprehensive nuisance management and biological control program. • Composting with A-1 Organics. • Additional on-farm protocols for manure management and sanitation. i'"_::%., __,!- •. . —i -.Tobn_i ._,,, - • iihei i.,k=:,t• , . ;. ' '. 'to . Nt0 NV `VI • -, - , 1.01;t? tN. tll ' ! I • l • fr 41 1;4 1 7 u ror 4 , Plans for 2008 Lail, I , MI J IlMallrl! a a Composting with A-1 Organics ' � 1 `ar" Al. .. AI; sir f;o 1jT :.-,. . . ' -'.•u ]� 0. ,i ' `�'!,a.1r.�` t% ''- . ,'�` -� _ lit% ; 411 ^ 1. ;' . . J�; ♦ti h� - Pest Management Program 1 . Monitoring Fly Populations j ' , • f • Spot cards l II• Alsynite Cylinder Traps . 111ii(liL , 1� 4i , 1 • Neighbor monitoring „AMr* • T. t. 2. Recording Data r -4., , t ! .- - • 3. Analysis . t T • - ,: • fib` • tir e. t . . ,� 14"k , t ' % [ i i1 8 4 UrdI' Monitoring Fly Populations L u li I ,.\It., -_I - — - . . • NI La r am II '00 a 41111 Calk Google 9 Monitoring Fly Populations L4,,:. • 24 weeks' worth of monitoring during fly season • Most cards are free of spots every week • 99 out of 576 cards to date showed any spots • Highest number of spots = 44 on one card in one week Clean spot card Spot card after one week ai JWr — _ • !: , t • • ' • • S. r r r _ f . r, err 4, et, • /r r 4 10 5 Spot Card Data L t,rt...ait. 12.Nu:v - 23 Jul30-Jul 6-Aug 13-Aug 20-Aug 27-Aug 3 Sep 10-Sep 17-Sep 24-Sep Mr.Ryan Renick 1 3 ' 0 ' • Mr Jim Noah 0 0 • 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 Mr Duane Mix I 3 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 Mr.Jim Wolfrum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mr Matt Pettnper 0 0 0 0 0 0 u Mr Bred Peters 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Daily O!fce 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Parte. breezeway 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Shop 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mntdn ly room 3 2 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 Neil E ) 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 W all W 0 0 0 0 0 0 • 0 Front entrance alley 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Break Roorn 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 • Rogers • 0 I 0 0 0 0 0 0 t1 Pasture 400 • 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Foncepert SE • 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .) Pens: 1 5 8 19 4 3 1 3 2 11 4 0 14 6 2 2 0 9 17 4 5 27 21 12 5 6 1 8 4 4 2 8 44 73 6 8 2 3 1 6 2 9 9 13 8 7 8 2 4 20 3 3 13 26 74 18 11 17 0 9 9 31 6 16 24 19 13 15 39 / 11 8 0 Total 157 131 63 55 75 20 54 49 73 33 r — r - - Monitoring Fly Populations l_ J Alsynite Cylinder Traps Locations Cylinder Trap, {t y i :, r- T iP r - _ t AY ', • / i '� . � r r: ... - a- lrM. :i - l - r_ ; tH:H •i t� L 'l 6 l`or, Monitoring Fly Populations Au Alsynite Cylinder Traps Monitoring Data — April 21 — Sept. 24, 2008 Aisynite Cylinder Trap s00 —6—#1 NW -0-#2 NE • #3 SE -w-#4 SW 450 -0-400 SW -'-400 NW 400 — 400 Center 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Aesitstfy e /0/4/4/480701/9,45:1 4, , 41 itiN tePretedelide 13 Cdr Biological Control Program Parasitic Wasp Release vii//////////////////, fic - I .• a e 4 t .• sf 1 1 , . 14 A �___ • _ Biological Control Program . � r®r. ti L,►;�.,,•\NIL , ,.\n:r J 1 . • -Y ,. , , '- *. . . 1 air: ^� .♦.1.e 1S t �'��..e• !2'...Le ...tit.•• � -it:014.0., . Y • ..---4,-;c:-.::::"..:::-:::::::::•,. •::4,.. . -A.. `.: ''_�_`�= ~= .E '.C-�_y Wasp release locations " ' . .i "er C..s a- Wasp rel.thee * Wasp pouch ' _... • ii :.- r _ ••,� . I• di A' . d&rl '' 1 r . ^� � , , it :. . - � 7 .. . .ir i s - i.r .14 It 'x. ;.ail •a'_-_ . - 4.41•079---- sea , .e. t — « Y I: jti imistsitei. y. ..�L ii... k. srl3 r � r 1 w,. ..a; At .i. 1 i fd u r®r s Wasp Release Data L , ,,:. , • it J 'BENEFICIAL INSECTARY. r.oa.. . . . ..o n.ne n. r.m tie. . . . to. e. ... . r . .. •t .ees JUh 14 10Cb t! WIC.*flotnItoVen Her Plane Dairy 2$S20WCR 72 Oa.CO 011024 SUO.IECT FLY CONTROL Ater Pr.Beno0twn N otrv'o aly aacuswu vs:n Si and Or Bence we nave Iaken samples at the week', Mupnenre of fly wanes we ate♦ntppag lo the Stith,Address int Mgments consicr oil m en.,.d two to Dvee species at p1erilnalas We sell comma°b Nn, v1 n,Vwrygn Me lollown.gj Sig 000 he wanes of Muae*IIhsat?WepM1Y.Y 'Weonrik t ono TncwanaIopin fa ooehaggp Ti'.samples from Apra I 7009 to June 23 7000 nave robed thee w is,times the minimum standso In other words ne tmxt o of a angle and 1M two V We Out speaks pee.eLawd n a ttenmeen d 1.S00.OOO het Wenn%pet Nwnent We hold na rupee fa two-nett wonted rova lnotetoro no mcoeded the tenements Isom Juno 20th(awed T..w cannon rs p.nnWed in lou d a speadonee at you ttytnslnl II Thu wart owe S&matan.plata Mtn.know. II w city ufldflteefag (ran the catye.rbn with Di Brow that you to hair.),pod rat wan your ny~flamer*pavan, I am bokmp fawrd b M en ate v.51 I'ere ran raxad isle this Int early Autual ::.n0elley •tnya Penn Lnlomdo'M Ms.leeywrq CL attati Ca a.a.a Officer ISW)Mat sate IMO refl. kern,...ia.y tm 8 Biological Control Program L C?IU..,NIt I )Alltl J a , Parasitic Wasp Release Data — by site Wasp Release ■H Pasture 900000 OOonpaar • 800O00 o c op34 oCanal 700,000 OCxrp32 MEMO 600.000 - - T : IS - --- IS ■I �'_I . I. •RG19 n I. IMI , I00.000 a a •RG17 a a alai e la a — ■ ■ a •RG1e • •w 12 000 o — —. E _ — Z - —� • a w 11 - - � 300.000 ila- - C— •w 10 1 ® •ws -- 200.000 - � - IN i a a a ..a- a w e rill IIII ES MI lin 1[6,000 - -- �- — — _ _ owa a. : _ IN IN ME MI OM IN MI MI ■w5 — I ■ 13 P.4 C . aw3 Gad c 4. 4. 'w' ��i �i, e.• -id S 9i, di1 Bi? 4- 9., 9, 9i2 2s ?% o% s�o� 4 woe a% •v ,woe a6 9�a ,% )% .o6. ,% v6* she •w2 •w1 Role ass Date 17 ��; Results Memorandum 441tri-- TO: File III Re DATE: July 2, 2008 FROM: LAURIE EXBY SUBJECT: Flies as a nuisance from Aurora Dairy COLORADO On July 2, 2008, I conducted a nuisance investigation as a part of a complaint of files from the Aurora Dairy (CBS). The weather was sunny, warm 82 F and no wind. I stopped at Jimmy Wolframs home/business and spoke with Jimmy. He stated there were a few flies but nothing like last year. I walked around the shop and the back of the house and did see a few (<10 flies)on the home.Jimmy also has livestock on the property in small corrals. He agreed that some flies could come from his own animals. The irrigation pond beside his shop has weeds around the perimeter but they appear to have been cut to prevent flies from breeding in the weeds. AI the Pierrera (sp) home I left the car door open and walked to the front door. No one was home. There were no nuisance conditions observed. The small hedge did not have a large number of flies nor did the dumpster. Inside my car wore no flies having left my car door open during the inspection. I stopped at Jim Noah's home north of the facility and again observed no flies on the exterior of the buildings. Jim and Pat stated the facility is doing a good job controlling the flies and they can leave doors open and the flies don't cover the screens. I drove to the dairy, signed In and observed minimal (3-4) flies in the hallway. Inside the parlor the tank traps appeared to have no visible flies inside of thorn. The dairy is using a rollout sticky trap to trap the flies. This appears to be working well Inside the facility. At this time the flies at the dairy and off properly are well controlled and do not appear to be a nuisance. 18 9 uthri Results Memorandum TO: File DATE: July 10, 2008 0 FROM: LAURIE EXBY SUBJECT: AURORA DAIRY (CBS) FLY COMPLAINT COLORADO I conducted an investigation at the Aurora Organic Dairy in regards to files.Wendy Rogers contacted WCDPHE on Monday July 7,2008 stating the flies at her home had blossomed out" on July 5, 2008 and were really bad. I stopped at the Rogers residents located at 35297 CR 57 at approximately 3:00 pm. The Rogers home is surrounded with large trees and a lilac hedge. I shook the bushes and a few flies flew out. Mr. Rogers showed us around the property and explained the flies were not the typical fly but, very large black flies and they suddenly appeared on July 5. These flies are now gone. There were a few flies in the barn and In the garage. There were no dead flies on the sill in the garage window. The Rogers have several chickens, turkeys and a duck. These did not have flies on them or the coops. Mr. Rogers's son stated the big flies were mostly around the pigs in the back of the property. When I returned to my car there were no flies insido and the windows had been open the entire time. At this time I would not consider flies from Aurora Dairy to be a cause of nuisance conditions at the Rogers home. 19 buroriResults ftettrie Memorandum TO: Wine� DATE: 7114120O6FROM: LAURIE EX BY kiY ��r��t��y SUBJECT: es at the Roger's homy COLORADO I warn contacted by San Regale In approxnWuly 2:00 p m.,Fn.July 11.2008 Stan Sated end he couldn't corm up with any reel answer. We returner]to the parlor rand 1 loft rho the Ills at his hors had once again lloesamed our and were everywhere. I arrived et faday at approximately 6:30 pm f stopped at the property south of Wolfram's to ere If the approximately 300 p,h%at the Rogers tae de nos and rvnedatoy noticed the tires The rtes won In the trees and busies.There as no dog had Ices en his back and they were being his oats.Sten showed nee the barn and the While I belese them may be something to Stan's theory I no not believe all files originate boning of to Ras tae eppairt. It should be noted the Rogers home and aniMa&bird from Aurora Dairy. Other fedora In the area i*ntrlbuto to the hatching ol flies The pone en all woe m.edaked and deers. The tees were eddent n the garden, on the prenk'g weds arc from the northward. Stan's home Is northwest of the dairy.The flies propane tank In the pig pen.(moms teed wee mined around the trough)and n the bugled. would be eying up wind end directly peat a frenstell rem to gM In the shade during the thy. I asked them what they do with lawn Dapping. The clippings are not composted or plod In addmon,the}liee would fly Si of a mile to the Rogers home versus 200 yards to the up.The temperature was 00+and no had at tea time I obaorvod the flea I eapblrod I had south and net to the trees on the dairy property Also,ttmo teahouse 14 than(approx.) been at the open house the prwqus night and did not observe flies on the property,in the to the west(south of Jim Wolram's home)with many large trees and bushes I stopped at ireeetat barns or corrals I e]planed le Stan Rogers It appeared to myself and othen on thin home and the flies were minimal. It should be noted that al this tine the wind had the bas Aurora a doing•good pbwarding the fibs Stan emplaned that he had spoken blown and the sky watt overcast but etlm 90.degrees The wind was gusting Iron the with a tom from Tens(couldn't remember the name of the firm)and that this Individual nvnn]wail at approximately 5-10 mss pet hour. There we several other possible sources thought Aurora was ralracting Mein horn other placer. Stan telt that the removal of to of has. The Coussons straight north of Aurora have goat,and pigs as wet mare is membrane and*eruption of the material under the mernoraw had attracted those fns emaI pond north of the Rogers home with weeds around the edge of rho pond from all around the erne. Mang the heat or the day they go to his house for the shade. After attempting to determine Mhos the huge!Aux or Ines came from 1 loot and viated the Noah's They were leaving but told me the fee were not bad and they cold go out on their patio without any problems I did not observe flies on the home or In to Imes I then were to Aurora Dairy to die s the IYs et the Rogers home.I met with Bel Krahin and Dawn at the dairy. I explel ed the per•and Slan■theory of attracting tae nth the lagoon repairs. While dearskg the fly sluatan, Stan anroed and we began discussing the problem at the Rogers hors. Stan wanted to see the lagoon repair so B01 look us on■ tour of the fly spot cards and else to the lagoon.Scott Cockroft ws plowing the area and preparing the lagoon fore clay finer.The placement of the cloy liner win be in 2 phases as the lagoon is fairly large and this wit make the project more manageable. According to Bit the membrane was removed and hauled on every day. I waned wound the lagoon side and the manure wee crusty with sone standing water.I rod not observe flee or any other Meets or odors at this tane.There e s rent stand of trees south and west of rte lagoon.I waked over to the arse end ad not absent any ryes either in the gram or the beer-Stan walked over and located a sms!l roll of the old memfrsre and when he moved ft his cornet out.Al en Donn Stan bourne very nested and said Mas was the caws-up I have been teak about.'Bill was upset and said'twat time to go' 1 stepped the*gulp and asked ea when he could gel and ee the membrane and he assured me It would be as eons as he 2() finished with a suck on. Stan was still upset and I asked him whet he wanted to happen IO err Results 4fit(' , Memorandum 1\ TO: File DATE E EXBY 0 SUBJECT:FR6JULY115, 2008 FLIES FROM AURORA COLORADO I received a complaint on July 15, 2008, from Stan Rogers In regards to a terrible fly problem once again at this home.The message was loft on my 2223 extension at the north Weld Office, On the 15"' I was in the southwest Weld Office. I checked the voice mail al approximately 11:00 am and did not have a message from Stan Rogers. I left the southwest office and conducted regular inspections until 5:00 pm. When I finally got the message from Stan on July 16,2008 I attempted to contact him by phone and had to leave a message. I also provided my county cell phone number to the Rogers so I em easier to reach. I then wont to the Rogers residence and checked for fl es. There wore numerous mosquitoes in the flowers and around the garden.The weather was sunny and very hot(94 at the airport) no wind. I looked around the home and garden area and out Into tho north pasture area The pile of trees and grass clippings did not have flies at the pile. I moved the grass clippings and did not observe any flies or maggots. (Dr. Bruce stated grass clippings are a good place for flies to propagate. The trees to the north of the Rogers home had some flies but the number would not bo considered a nuisance. I again tried to contact the Rogers and rang the door bell and no one was home still. I loft a card and went to Aurora Dairy to nasty thorn of the complaint. Bin was not there and I signed in and spoke with Daw+r W obg. BO*assistant and gave her my county cell phone number. I told her of my findings and loft at approximately 3:30 pm.I stopped al Jim Wolfrum'a home and asked what he thought about the flies.Jan said"the flies are much better than last year and he feels the dairy is really trying to control the flies.Jim indicated he couldn't really say if the files were less before the dairy but the flies are definitely better than last year.Jim does not believe the pond Is attracting the flies as Stan does. Jim and than had spoken about the flies and pond construction theory several days before.I left and slapped al the neighbor to the south, the Bbanqutst's. No one was home at either home but the area Is surrounded with trees much Ilke the Rogers home and thews were no nuisance conditions evident. 21 UYoC Results ,7 11 LIroT, '� JJ Neighbor Support L 1 ,.\If:b J )w'y la 300a To &herd orcuuoiy Gxtscawa.an o:W n a Ceara)(.o.nSO from kin k Pr See& ZOO Wan Gill CO an Rt(:Sneer Review Penn a1fel2 Colones Or hes wed pnq.1)who¢as the Honk aA of LM Ann Dairy meaty spew risen 1,)niW Inn rot mama Wu and wnah We w mein ni resod en penny a USRI60!Antes Pony A Comma.Dar? ttte: Si'e bek%e it Arid he lead whey we pr<nao c sod fly anal phis*Weir clad boasolsepr4 punka l art yeas we die hennas fl)sonata.ad earl assn w ca awe and earned 1!n•tad tales big mis tae ad an actin than ax tile;fdl reepo,Rdty ha f..nixst of w)ha to cater it on M of es.gee fl.Pe pc2leo a.sty calmer sad wv bd,nt add carol w Ids the section goy erstinnentad. We also believe tk lixy ire rasa to be soot W1M on by I.aye ling wiling to offer my help its netts b aged n the anlhbnsnaa. gibed aqua the)Lap Monad* rymt bra aww.(I s2nM 4 s.so to ether.,an gee it,seal).La try p,abate s 100 yait fd des tawny a any toy thrum rtsa. We kto fear tun et loss an open hoc u(osnaudcwaoe with ell IN,sortie bet%Neel ".at to If Maw a prelims won its du)rc cu 11k to moon esd:M nL t7 in semi n endow a having saran.cads may t Go Intl le ooal.,ton as beta sick to '.mc,I etss4cea Awon Dan*Catkmfn Dory taut ho ate ea ceased dew eon t l theta lac Ion tat Noe, 11541 Wait e2 Cell CO a,M7A 9"U-a:1-590 ppawa$rht c le sea 2 ; Ljor Neighbor Support Augu.l 5,201)1 l)ca Road of County Coeunissiaoaa, Hello,my name a Man Pettinlp.'1 Lit later is in reliance to the bearing cocoan t& Bad lk Bent Cocictofia Delay,tIC.I'm a ncip}bot to the dairy and a faun in the Oslcmti community. The dairy has had open Conga to meet the gaff mad a oar for telethon to sae the dim)first hand. I have fan antral deirks growing up and by Cu. .Quad to neat dim ea the nxul cleanest dairy I have ma witnessed.The typical mature smell doemit exist Thee is no load:pled up and may.king appears to he)ay elute i ban moat Oa a my hucoc than I lave cox coat a the dory. There are some damn you pu to U. will make you tan IC quit d)nkir{milk. ihal is net the case ham.By the way,they give free milk to naigMxrs once a month.which iv a this tavmgs to all of cis Nei t dairy that i ban of does this. All of the pctonnet arc say Aiendly nod outgoing. I don't think they have been gloat a fair chance by scruple of Owe)a aroplvni:y oeigbbon that d tt'I know how good they have it having thh dairy n a neighbor instead of another They ao;tam about traffic inch rases,wawa imagism,gisat ha failed to nation they red then business to the county Ran the city,i•asacag tmlfic as nil. It's okay foe thou lo move dairy htafnesa to the country,hal net Rr the day to milk mos in an AgskEural%cowl District It dwell make tax They also complain obese or. mane way into the dairy that is ng)a acmes from their hat The attraree way to floc Mn,%Mich the daisy is on now,was dice way befane they built their borne right serou from it They d eo foiled to manioc to you,betides ganog fret milk.et dairy spreads minute oo their farm frog of chage,costing the dairy tovaai thousand,of dollars benetining than with lots of free fataliur.wheel.if"lied canmcrtislly,is pebo'earo rated,making 0 vay costly, fir tame people games silage off dna farm foe anttfin dairy down the Mad,to if that woos no denim than would time no pint to hen their This is the nag ote•grmg,environmentally friendly dairy wound,geeing a bead rep.by as few.This is an aricu tS a.nurwury and came people forge that as they move Awn the city mayoral set S.nonmly,. Mot AM Man Patinae: 57577 WCR 57 • Eaton,CO tC*15 1 ? r-�r Neighbor Support L \lift f .\Iuy J Weal County Commissioners August :1,703a RC:Atari Organc Dairy To When It may tonwn- t want to command Aurora°genic pry in Gill,CO for their constant concern with all their surrounding neighbors We We aeon from the?airy on the southeast comer and have bean more than treed with the dairy at a whole,and their management team, sec 40 prob'ems arose with the earl as the fly population at the suroundng neighbola tones increased The Davy went above our expectations and took care of the problem. Someone was at our door everyday making sure we were satrseled and letting w know whet diets plan eMalied. What more court you ask fors This year we have yet to have a problem with fan or any aspect of Moon Organic Dairy. Tfiy teen held ntrmemus community meetings where we at the neighbors haw been updated on el the stein that the Diary!staking to ensure flirt are uoct control as well as any needs of the negtdos are addressed of this tine It a e very Comfortable atmosphere where you can ask any questions or voice a concern that you may have the staff at Aurora Dairy has been nothing short of f rends to a we all Ileighoorti trot been provided with names and number o'the people who we reed to conchal at anytime should •problem or question eta. In dreg we have far fewer Hies this year Man ever,and wit have no doubt Mat use Diary is doing a tremendous bob at being a Dewy firmer,a litre and a goal neighbor Pb One else could hardle the stations that Aurora Organic Diary has overcome a•such manor,and learn from past evynrtcn L would Moose no one else to be our rwigttbor. Selig able to look out my kildun whelp*and see green held f ad with dewy corn mane so much more to mo and my famed than looking and seeing a volition dollar home hied with city people who are wanting a pea of country life. Sincerely. Ryan and Ulna Retort I5C33 WCR 70 GR CO$0614 197ob.316-9$$ '1 Neighbor Support Sonja Tonle Rom: VJunior10lOaoLtorn Sent: Thureoay.August 07,2000 9:06 PM To: egesicktco.wfd.co.tta Cc: Scrip Tutele Subject Aurora Dairy To Whom It May Concert This ewna is to toter)you that Aurora Dairy S a we:corned asset to our tomrrunity_ They rave been a good neighbor in every way. They seem to have compiled with at the requ:red stipulations asked of tram by the county. We live directy across from one el their properties and greatly enjoy watching the CAWS graze or the pasture early'n the mornings. I feel the presence of the dairy improve*the atmosphere of Uri aces. Tho fy pop'.in:'cn seems no different on out prooetty now then before the dairy occupied the property acres :he road. The dairy traffic seems to have decreased also. Although our road a often in it repair from all the of traffic the:travels it. Living in the country Is a privilege which I approafte and love. Living with the Aurora Da'ry ns our neighbor seems to keep the balance of agriculture and big bustlesa a visible part of our canrnundy. The dairy employees several people which is great plus provides o healthy.great tasting product for all of us:o enjoy. Sincerely. Vida C.Anaerson Peter Looking for a car that's sporty,tit and fee in your budget'?Read reviews out MX Autos. 26 13 Neighbor Support L tact IC DAIRY -' Aurora Dairy 2008 The fly population appears to be at a normal level for this time of the year. However in 2007 the fly infestation increased in August and continued during the warm weather so it may be too early to celebrate. The pens arc very clean compared to most dairies in the local area and the surrounding fields are well kepi The compost piles arc growing so recycling actions are being observed. Increased mad traffic due to the dairy operation has been helped by dust control applied to the road in front of our home and hope this will continue. The Good Neighbor Milk program is very much appreciated and hope this program will also continue. Since the dairy is now part of our neighborhood the efforts to correct last years mistakes to improve the nuisance issue are appreciated and would expect them to continue in the future. Our quality of country living should not have to be compromised by poor operating practices. Thank you • Dave and Susan Blomquist 34257 WCR 57 Gill. Co.80624 davide b.50 fd yahoo.com August 2, 2008 27 Neighbor Support cow craw r"-_. .._ . aid Crab Cnbri.li ate e NI le Sena Gaeta„la NISI parrs.y Mow Ceases 1911$101114 wit La CD NWa •L Awry 0ein r tJ• :IA :t•:ON Deft Weld Claws Ctn.o.ra Oat flaly Noe.pprtaiaany'f.Ste ton W Aver DsLrl l.r1v la Cot last pm lee .v hoar trot wr a41 awns ad Sprinenleets tanna4Y/).11Y 1etidr w'h'y ref ux mobile A.Awns lit"mean.an tool r..w oath lie tarty S.hi a nommen in that urt ding*. tar sera QW7)ewhoe.slab ow teS h 7001..a mew with pia All kola,alb.i .e Ymd*Path We ban coperemod 3maw an the as Twat to.`001,dad ate non 0, the aea•y.sag oath 0WE.Ile tb Damp al wrhhog car 0k Dots to suer of .t4'tie Feet arse to estahnJ1r at tad to Tap he hum moue an 4c talitewlsop to a hka an.We Wailed.tad merit,in lee pray wilds would mac a}hula of b'ad tw tr tamp 5a:.lltda 6o tamp:J or:aria per:•hes we taa t so fee.in 104 hake it 6e iaantm Aid tpnsira wk IMO fat nay,clam Scar art to tatnecal•tarmac tat hr afloat ye ramp ear IS ohc. We.Sayad dal)nand the hoe al in mad mutest the tare with were ilk air( Wa ad so fliwVa d east.....o ems air us of se. ,y...aad ad Lay a.1 how lamas/a Win loo ek hod tin des.SSW SO of Lola*,no Sn.•t,Aiken 07 nu..I cc.W NA be W.ad thin the wrnnl of ea tiny did ernes wt.Si.+fall of the lbw We dal rgor do ainkliceas•ean) arty eat her teat r la lay L A.)J iii pap_ i .a wry court to is i e eaat w.MiVa. du:..a poly to bL.,•rNNl m 1$...a a rapt a4 trot of 2001 lb Daley ark gook •r1.at,1 lin he!wet%eked re bet It monorail aad tartars Ian sad r imam Aar Marv.•o.;.,t past rvotratct karts flea rd a anon, lily W.ant awn fat I. eat-..a r. felt re la as litre ad as Matt fly ohs fl.In wt tart nary.le as hey t o 'r Mawwawyak taw raw pia le he shwa saaeshil fa the acv 4204 oath• taancko stet nci binet mold as mods ASS Majmuththia I I...craw spas lee 3411,.'OM ad J6b Ss rubs.s 1k.sac cotta)ad.w we pit u ban Ilia.ni.:.She nth spike let. IAa des stars es wt hait4 coot.was aka al tray wry.u.Sell wit tka a.a aye air d paA'Oat tine scat at a cool beta.a11 can all pilaw 0ofgp/s ad w um an turn Mt hob art caws nom. Len arras Iausidass.no Miry lashe0.•Lalb4Isamu, War.taisdraara C•ee a•wkl br, )kart do eat rslao at tall wf6 arty faaefcaa tflI 454.))56 !coca r:‘ !If:aka ad?.-aaa t wt..-s 7Q .l4 4. rOr. 41::. Neighbor Support t,,Kt..\NIk- I d.\Is y J elliEr l laius Doan Aurora Miry.- km .minx thoughts for how wo.your nelgbbevs.could later prepare for October I's meeting Scptanba t milk disbursement date-all the nelphhon come to the dairy- palea time to pasonaly talk with than and mod with a anon toner requesting: • a knew in support of 0e dairy Wit otrdd be picked up(by s dairy repracraative)in dropped offal the dairy between 94 and 94 S to be hared in the commissioners office well before 10.1. • Leek if it would he okay so givr a raninder phone call before the 10-I ratting rogoratinp/resninding nerghhtn appeannoc at the menthe, • you could also have neighbors up a passion at:hat September pick up date to a generdind statement saying this year has ban dgnifscatWy betterda-jun in cats you ain't set mensar,W ache a Icon or mini swat to thew up to the montng,you've at lust pot their sipweswe. P'kw some they win do t0 three of(Inc things If we am to any autastnce please lei as know. Atuebod is a upy of the kits we lad mtwntit d before ibis last mating to August. I puke with Rill Jerky I tsrday narrow;t•I4 and his seromrner4atioo was to keep the letters coming m1 bade a better non eta elaelrllbon in stgptrt Unfortunately.with busy lira,people won't remember tie think.had W schedule off wort minibus*owsstam rentindera Pm In a mandatory mating I had t.attend oe Ili:3,Ina trebk to armed the nvmniuioner's meeting. I will a:haiuk accordingly for the :O/I meeting. I bad hopat the Inner t had attbtasioad would have helped but apparently they wiN wssm beds.,slant Sincerely, Jultons and tiUoalfon` 1_ / s% 9 Li rot Neighbor Support iiimmit Den Weld Cowry Cormdsasoetan, We.the to de upnnt rriebbva Of dr Aunts Organic Nigh Phan Dory in Cn0•Ink,. support Auma c,rpeur Deny'%Wens to truant meg aw conditions m dttr tutu and to be a gad t d:Jibe* We behest that Autua Orpnie Dairy bat umpkarnnt the pram it Awed with adze dze beginning of the yea life.t atnowIaitc 1h1 that hat tax to a meteors ttvxlittot mimed to the dairy tote s:snsxrr. We Wren the Flip!,P t,Diary abound be dkwrd to continue to operas under Its LISA permit 11601 sad diet the-1&rw cant"be detained on Oro I.2CrA Thant you Sid Pad Na.. Address pale y� �ry �-� �� PAM Na. Mies DS C-344-14a. . Q 20004 'a , iwarssra ado 9/` / 717•-_04$alma Melissa K b rj.�s o. 09-at-.4 fil _.4- . . " �-/ A ntrIlitr 94/4r 337!4 kica r'] Gg/f• Co S 4"i /M f A ( 'XJ limn*I c N..6 1.tsyi era r n. ,qtr, f '-"- (/ J•a /14(L----gal �✓L>� 9 's...., 4. �aalcr LBO >s ypp rj uc 1<:11 9-4 "M' y/t.•✓ -raty,_Ra.ta st 1Stiti �vR Sit COI 1-M-4 a:llie a3tw1•I 3,Rt.t air" (.Ja 1 a‘ of �4n,�sa�rCRr 27440 HAS 71 C.%/ 7-f►-d? • eqI. 36ta�a wc(esp_F.47••l-o 6-d8 �Jl a_kitilA.#42_ 1l4srA Motane/ a_s sot at 51-Ca 4-n pr Is. Rings S •M-► 2'1S7Ska-' 1-0111 ()Ye wcit Cr 7Y f fp�r f get 17ti dice, _Q'tkfrili%ti.— 37v90 W447(LE.tget(4 J ,61t 2:145 put ft&.P 4-flog Jeff/l's axu st.ta 72.Ail _ 3ff" weesLit// Kaaaatr-- viol 1,.ex la Bat Vi/O I xnr 'q si 4_1 sober _ (Ina • • Z;Qt actl5of 35135 v.3(&SR GI II toot • t„ µ',Ilae- WU51 CNA -D4 sir .Yf„ 3nkLer.Star 10 15 p u ror. �,,. Adjacent Property Owners L ,ORL..\NII I ).\Ii. i J a .•.or..dwnosI.n Coun Rd 74 pp.�... kote Q i;. Cr' ti} w.., gm SOUS fa ;a. 6. � • d =� • 1 J, 19 4 ii, won n i+6 I 17 II :'- 1 1,,,' -t,,, "_ le • I la !leis, - ` i I 4—i..iie >w—p.ii 2 —...--. . - MI 25 ilmie olle 12 "gm Melo* 10 el ( n County Rd 72 II ,� \\ __ • ea tea. se Ise O. EIPIIMM 7 i -a7 a) AUROPA ORGANIC ))' ,� t... +I..w lair - - . .. &a ..v. 57 !• u7 )D �. storm fw.. n Rd 7 IT k:i `r_ma_ 4 . 4 4. a L ice' ate. ` r 'o jJ b... T.. 11 .F..� U a t — v ...... t! IS 2 - Asa rg__County Rd it "3 •,. S . we 1 tam.* II wawa ..• - r� r- ,'�`_ Nuisance Management Program Summary • House Fly monitoring via Spot Cards • Stable Fly monitoring via Alsynite Cylinder Traps • Release of parasitic wasps • Areas known or suspected to be fly larvae breeding grounds • Increased in areas identified by spot cards • Composting • Comprehensive Sanitation Protocols & High Standards for Cleanliness 16 1 I pRGAN IC DAIRY High Plains Dairy Ken Lind , Attorney Lind , Lawrence & Ottenhoff Facts about the High Plains Dairy 1 . Effluent on County Road Statement Made: The dairy was using effluent from the lagoon to be sprayed on the county road through its sprinkler. Fact: The North Pasture sprinklers only use water from irrigation ponds. Conclusion: All water used to irrigate the north pasture is sourced from irrigation ponds. 17 Facts about the High Plains Dairy 2. Rotational grazing questioned Statement Made: Cattle is grazed on the pasture every single day without rotational grazing. Fact: AOD does pasture its cows every day during the growing season. A rotational grazing program is in place whereby cattle spend 4-5 days on each pasture and then rotate between different pastures so each paddock may rest for approximately 21 days. Conclusion: Comprehensive rotational grazing is an important part of a pasture-based dairy to ensure the health of the pasture and vitality of the soil. ZS - - Facts about the High Plains Dairy 3. Large number of cows on the property Statements Made: No one knows how many cows on the property and there are too many cows to manage organically. Fact: AOD is required by USDA market administrator for milk producers and in its Organic System Plans to report its number of cows — by stage of production — and the numbers presented are accurate. This dairy has the resources to prevent nuisance conditions and has met all development standards of the USR. The dairy is frequently audited and has always held valid organic certifications from the Colorado Dept. of Agriculture, the farm's USDA-accredited organic certifier. Conclusion: AOD has demonstrated through the success of its nuisance control program and overall operational plans that it does manage a dairy of this size organically. The dairy is in good standing with the USDA National Organic Program . 36 8 � r®t` Facts about the High Plains Dairy L I , 1I�ty J 4. Efficacy of fly monitoring program Statement Made: Spot cards are not effective to monitor fly populations and are meaningless. Fact: Spot cards are the preferred monitoring tools for leading entomologists, as shown in several scientific studies. Spot cards are used to monitor changes in fly populations in consistent locations, not to measure what a fly population might be in a moment of time. Conclusion : Spot cards used a the dairy and on surrounding neighbors' properties have proven to be an effective fly monitoring tool this summer. 37 Uror Monitoring Using Preferred Methods Ltil:c ,.\,`I� Scientific articles citing Alsynite Traps as a preferred way to monitor stable flies • Journal of Economic Entomology. 2006 Aug;99(4) : 1415-9 Comparative efficiency of six stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) traps Taylor, David B., Berkebile, Dennis. USDA-ARS Midwest Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA. dtaylor@unl.edu • Journal of Medical Entomology. 1988 Sep;25(5):406-9. An improved Alsynite trap for stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae).Broce AB. • Journal of Economic Entomology. 1990. Comparative attraction of four different fiberglass traps to various age and sex classes of stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) adults. Hogsette JA, Ruff JP. • Journal of Economic Entomology. 1998 Feb;91 (1 ):159-64. Population profile of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) caught on Alsynite traps in various feedlot habitats. Guo YJ, Greene GL, Butine MD. Southwest Research-Extension Center, Kansas State University, Garden City 67846, USA. • Journal of Medical Entomology. 1991 . Landing pattern of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on the alsynite cylinder trap: effect of wind speed and direction. 34 19 Ut® Monitoring Using Preferred Methods L Nit fRti J Scientific articles citing Spot Cards as a preferred way to monitor house flies • Journal of Economic Entomology. 1986 Feb:79(1):144-51 Field Evaluation of three methods for monitoring populations of house flies (Musca domestica) (Diptera: Muscidae) and other filth flies in three types of poultry housing systems. Lysyk TJ, Axtell RC. • Environmental Entomology. 14:815-819. Comparison of baited jugtrap and spot cards for sampling house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), populations in poultry houses. • Journal of Economic Entomology. 1999 Apr;92(2):416-20 Effect of airflow on house fly (Diptera: Muscidae) distribution in poultry houses. Geden CJ, Hogsette JA, Jacobs RD. • Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA. Poultry Science. 1989 A quick and simple quantitative method to monitor house fly populations in caged layer houses. • Northeast SARE Live Web Broadcast, May 2, 2007 Integrated Pest Management for Fly Pests of Confined Dairy Animals. Kaufman, P, Rutz, D, Waldron, JK Cornell University Cooperative Extension • Correll University and Penn State Cooperative Extension publication. Pest Management Recommendations for Dairy Cattle. Rutz, DA, Geden, CJ. Cornell University Pitts. CW. Department of Entomology, Penn State • Outlook on Agriculture, Vol. 36(3), 193-197, 2007. Controlling risks of pathogen transmission by flies on organic pig farms, a review. Meerburg, BG, Vermeer, HM, Kijlstra, A. Animal Sciences Group, Wangeningen UR, PO Box 65, NL-8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands. 39 • - „ - Facts about the High Plains Dairy 5. Effectiveness of wasps and release data Statement Made: Whether or not the parasitic wasps are the correct solution to the problem . Fact: The results of the High Plains Dairy's fly monitoring program and pupal parasitism tests conclude that the dairy did not breed flies this summer, which is further proof that the parasitic wasps are an effective solution. Conclusion: Based on scientific studies and leading entomologists, parasitic wasps are a preferred method for control of house and stable flies, and the success of the dairy's biological control program demonstrates this fact. 4n ?0 Effectiveness of Parasitic Wasps Proven Scientific articles citing Parasitic Wasps • Medical Veterinary Entomology. 1990. as an effective biological control agent Parasitism of house fly (Musca domestica) pupae by four species of Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera): effects of host— for house & stable flies parasitoid densities and host distribution. • Journal of Economic Entomology. 1998 Oct;91(5):1114-21 • Journal of Medical Entomology. 1987. Releases of Spalangla nigroaenea and Muscidifurax Competitive parasitism of house fly pupae (Diptera: zarapton (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Increase rates Muscidae) by Muscidifurax zaraptor and Urolepis rufipes of parasitism and total morality of stable fly and house (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). fly (Diptera: Muscidae) pupae in Illinois cattle feedlots, Weinzierl. RA, Jones, CJ. • Northeast SARE Live Web Broadcast. May 2, 2007 Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Integrated Pest Management for Fly Pests of Confined Urbana-Champaign 61801, USA. Dairy Animals. Kaufman. P. Rutz, D, Waldron, JK. • Journal of Economic Entomology. 1990. Cornell University Cooperative Extension Commercial and naturally occurring fly parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as biological control • Cornell University and Penn State Cooperative Extension agents of stable files and house flies (Diptera: publication. Muscidae) on California dairies. Pest Management Recommendations for Dairy Cattle. Rutz, DA, Geden, CJ. Cornell University • Journal of Economic Entomology. 1994. Pitts, CW. Department of Entomology. Penn State Inundative releases of pteromalid parasitolds (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) for the control of stable • EENY-048, Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Olptera: Muscidae) at Cooperative Extension Service paper. 1998. confined cattle installations in west central Nebraska. House fly, Musca domestica Linnaeus. Sanchez-Arroyo, H. • Bulletin of Entomological Research. 2004 Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Biological control of house flies Musca domestica and Florida. stable flies Stomoxys Calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) by means of inundative releases of Spalangia • BIOLOGICAL CONTROL PARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS Cameroni (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Suppression of House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in Florida Poultry Houses by Sustained Releases of • Journal of Economic Entomology, 1989. Muscidifurax raptorellus and Spalangia carneroni Parasites that attack stable fly and house fly (Diptera: (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Muscidae) puparia during the winter of dairies in CHRISTOPHER J. GEDEN AND JEROME A. HOGSETTE northwestern Florida. 41 '� Ur® r- k Credibility of entomologists L U.HERrf)B.PROLE K State Cahcnity Deportment of Entomology West Warm Hall t.nhatta•,KS 66506004 ph:(705)SM-4745 email:abfoceoitiu tnlu BORN 1712.Republic airmail.'iUS ul urinal rp, 197xt EDUCATION 1962,Agronomin,PanAmaican Agncultnnd School,Honduras,C A. 1965.5.5..Entomology.University of Ilona.,tiamcsville,F t. 1967.MS.: 1971.Ph IL.Entomology.(!nivanuy u(Florida.(iomnrdle,Ft. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 1971-72 Pam!-laotontc,Departmait of Roan).tlnacnity of florid&Re..carch tan primary productivity of Et nyWdes'mangroves. 1072-73 Professor.Department of Entomology.National Graduate School or Apiculture.(l aptopn,Mexico. 1973-76 Senior Scientist,Lockheed Elwtnms,.CO.,Life Sciences Applications Ikpi.. Veracruz.Mexico and Johnson Space Center.Houston.'IX.Research commissioned by NASA on the application of remote sensing technology m the sewn-wan)eradication p(ognm,ceordtnatrd mils at remote sawing site in Veracnv.Melia%Transferred to the NASA Johnson Space Center,Houston.TX;continual sorting on the acrewworm proven%and in the large Arca Crop Inreruury Espenme n(LAC PEI. 1976.79. Rraesarch Entomologist,Department of Entomology.Texas A&M.Assigned to the I'SDA(AR Sercawnrm Research Lab..Mission,TX. Conducting march on scrwwum biology,otology and aa,trol in tappet or thy cmlicsiS programs in SW USA.Mexico and is eradication from Cunt au,NA. 1979-2000. Aat.Prot(1979.01);Assoc.Prof.(141.1967);Full Professor(19S7- Resent).Department of F.niamolnpy,Kansas State University CtIRRE?T POSITION or.CRI/nos Oseeall research responsibilities fall under the dcscriptise title of-Ecology, Biology.nod Control of Insects Affecting Man and Animals'.Major research interests arc with flies of wetrnnmy impartancc,especially cable fits(Bronson ra)rirnms t,face Iles(Ahura msumnalla),house New IM.Jamrrrkal.and horn flies(JJarma&4o 21 Credibility of entomologists L {t ,.\NIL I ).Mitt' J smommin United Sates Department of Agncubw• Agriculture'Research Sensce Jerome A Hogsette(Jerry) Mosquito and Fly Research Unit Research Entomologist terry.Hagsettepan.usda.goy Phone.1352)374-5912 Fax (3521 374-5922 16061700 SW 23RD DRIVE GAINESVILLE.FL,32606 Projects CONTROL AND PROTECTION TOOLS FOR INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OF MOSQUITOES AND FILTH fl1ES Appropriated(0) Mansion Number.409300 SURVEILLANCE AND ECOLOGY OF MOSQUITO.BITING AND ruTH BREEDING INSECTS Appropriated(0) Accession Number:409295 DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF DIGITAL THERMOMETER/RELATNE HUMIDITY RECORDING DEVICES WITH REMOTE DOWNLOADING CA►ABILITTES Nonfunded Cooperative Agreement IN) Accession Number.414305 Publcauoni Oncoery of diurnal resting sates of phicbotonme sand An,n a village m southern Egypt. (Peer Reamed lournal).(03.5apOg) Pollen recovered Arum IM eaosaelnoa d viable Iles,Stornorr+ralrnrans Il ).n Gain var.Mande (Per Reviewed Journal) (09-run-S) Housefly(Dipta a:Muscldn)ultraviolet traps Desgn affects attraction and capture IProceeurg,/Syrnpofyrn) Hcstsette.).A 2008.House TIT IDlptera:Muscidael ultraviolet light traps Design affects attraction and cars we.Proceedings of the International Congress of Urban Pests,Budapest,Hungary,p.193.195. EFFECT OF CHEMICAL LURES AND TRAP MACAW ON SAND Ft AND MOSQUITO COI I ECTIONSWITH MMII TRAPS IN BANRJF SOILAGE.ASWAN,EGYPT. (Proctetpngs/Srenpovum) genie Vt.Hoe1,D.F..Hopette le,I.A,NonAa.NA_{brie,D.l-2008.Meru of tufts and trap pbcemMnls on and 1N and mosquito traps.Proceed'nip d the International Congress of Urban Pests, 43 Budapest Hungary.P.171.175. ��,� Facts about the High Plains Dairy 6. Number of wasps for effective management. Statement Made: The Dairy is not releasing an adequate number of wasps to be effective, citing other university research. Fact: Aurora Organic Dairy's program was developed as a custom program for this specific farm in this region of the country. Conclusion : Based on the success of the High Plains Dairy's biological control program last summer and the pupal parasitism tests conducted by leading entomologists, the Dairy had been releasing the appropriate number of wasps to be effective. 44 27 - - Facts about the High Plains Dairy 7. Whether AOD would place wasps on adjacent properties Statement Made: Suggestion was made for AOD to place parasitic wasps on adjacent properties to help manage fly populations at neighbors' homes. Fact: Wasps destroy fly larvae before they hatch, therefore they are an effective means of attacking flies where they may breed. They are not a control measure for mature flies. Conclusion: If the dairy were to release wasps on neighbors' properties, it would address fly breeding grounds on those properties rather than being focused on preventing a nuisance condition on its own property. .15 MI rook Facts about the High Plains Dairy 8. Source of fly breeding grounds Statement Made: The dairy is not doing anything to manage manure on the pasture, nor is it monitoring for fly populations on the pasture. Fact: The dairy has been monitoring stable fly populations on its pastures with Alsynite traps. The dairy began harrowing the North pasture after grazing and has placed additional alsynite traps and wasp release sites on that pasture. Conclusion : The data from the alsynite trap monitoring concludes that the pastures have not created a fly nuisance condition. 46 ?3 , r + �r . Facts about the High Plains Dairy L 4—,rta,\NIL I ,.\f,:y J 9. Source of flies on adjacent properties. Statement Made: Flies submitted on a fly strip originated from Aurora Organic Dairy. Fact: The flies submitted were tested by the Kansas State University Department of Entomology and the majority of flies were sarcophogus flies, which breed on cadavers. Conclusion: The dairy's monitoring of fly populations, pupal parasitism testing and the fly strip that was analyzed all conclude that the fly infestation on the property adjacent to the North Pasture did not originate from the dairy. There are other sources of flies in the area. 47 ! ulcer . . L „<, J usDA l:nadaWs lasSn.l tCe.imM MeM. ie floe I.MS lama d Agric tenet fume Anl, Pt)Do, :Ea.3 Oa aApt.ikiw Puna Agreement a t1.♦eentln FT.'2101 Canna leaal>p Sapnahet IS.1Wp [k.Mancia E.Banque Dinar ofTakata Son as Aaaa Organic Day Tipp Iltpta y 66 plaon,h(blaalo It I Dear Dr Scapa A few weal ago Tees.sea ive pea of may fly ribbon 0a had taco lag at die bete d. pr aatt who.as I rail from mu oat aeraraa ha ea your dairy. lir may ribbon is amain eM acts on froth it As yen teyased.I mead the way nbl a tune a directing.ncna.tope to chaff fa tM pace of rasa fly span racially lone flue I eoWd find no teen flea in,Ow arty nld.m Its acne carom nuance apatin on tM &than is the Now fly or boa fly. There awarcd to be oely tat span poai*y Pli as rrpiau.tM the flick re t.nced with heave d a Seem dstenciaun is difficult The =and mid:annum aura fly on due sticky nbbm is owe flea.fly This fly latAs ay naafi ins s lent hi....M.ha v n sa,c ally,en lay aid Its hp 91 to abdomen ri rd That as olio nay mall.aced coat fiats m the•itha.he a.f any of these could be toaldal,.c br nuance epee nit I.agonies'or al ura.txnu PArese d stale Now floe naL halt flan a all .s.pe.rcd with dead ammak S aow.the alumna(here Ilan se vane b the pare of do mpr,twn of ad atimila. The Arena of Wp mach aladWn ca,In Sawa t.adlna of dad.rn.ais.s a:eat yead rn Although Jae Flue alp..visa and amen to fat the manalhee napa.ratty the m.ppoea,do not standup anmuny to mourn of Sr an dribs. I boat des nlfrttum sill he helpfulM you. Mae In as lm.I(1can be el aWattead sadwnK Sisurely. `�Or.lam A.Napeta,k. tea,Eaamrlalf 1000 S.W.:34 Dior. (aiaavtlk.Flada 3:601 USA v 48 74 u nor elk sTATE 'eb.e.ape.w.YYI. aro.J1.-r11. AMtr.nM T oho l Aug ter.2031 Ci :ate bat Wens Ptna° rassebra yr TO. Mser.io F.Rraaeam leaded.M.S. Dsast Ntnbwot Seniors Awn O rme fairy nn Ittl.aay!6 PI Rik(Women ales I K£' 4friSatue et es ti us.vi.ap tar(AA US5 16" Der Dr.Basta I W.adytae is ample an alt r as A;M.XVI.e.r./ma.' tea:rrir r The Way Ids hill.wry YDh bratty a(lll.t Rte aaa ty ar wan wet insialy sea ma: aekb prerrad ifs le alfftaSme la tit sin anel k mat nova IMeaw.:ha Finn it iv' dst ey.taetri tidy ten Olp.e tinahec ettpao'Kac dew i!n'% eat %ua a(O.d M:*alb Its:kalif talhabseidar.dier MOT la.s n slew gays is lee gam (-1O%a(MW 51ss a in.opal Pateirta re... *WIMP rru a t aly aru sea M to rtl.r.Salty a net:Creeper a (-)RK t(iris: fleet lams N Vs Sloe pq.aaaty*Woe to den9do elan tusks►saletaml I b..Tatk.ae t any An■be Man Maetidaa,ier:a'b taw Ac.1 th.a..Lberviwn as Isis Cla il.wee is nd.eueu) as. r knoll etsaar' wtk .efra.1 oar andes.aid dewlap m oral mart*ca. Mrs Aare raker r carve ma if yam nM.y&adds to crratloo 9yt1.. :.A.. ha Innis Nola,Melt s!al vlaninry:lit, na.wk py Massa Ma&cur.ae rhalodMct• sew.isemewee %Se...s...... twos%maw treargisltxr "Lt'}y r Credibility of entomologists -71 t Ludek Zurek AsaecSW Prolamin Dtoanm.m5 of Nunes%44f115I nt Ar!gpanKtcd.r., 0telflaWateISPARME485117 Kansas Sato Unk tray,lienha0rh,KS 66601 TN:7154)247)1 Far 7'5.4)222)2 Ernst 1{unlmkeutdq Education. RS 11$71 Msrdy aye:au al linnoavb,BM.C7. PhD tine}University of Alberts Edmonton CA Pond Rs Assoc It 499-2002)North Camay Stria Uwanay.Range SP.culns trot and Areas of Resterve.Me,n no Rnaearn pogram n ow lavatory is orancd in three rain Sector a)ecology of meatnet and Ioodllome pathogen in agricultural and urban nrw'mnnenn wvvt apec.ai locus on rWoic wane stars 01 gaatro-aannIrel iambs(aalogy d redneck and insects r)insect ncmb.l,ma.edion and derelounM al no,M momently-based stratagem Mr.nett pnu ronparrom We re woe:rg pnnanly with anieaococo ere entorufumonhogt EachonrM.coy The nein keen% "axle(ho onpnn 'QWVO n,and nencontal tratetor of violence.re era eotc notWtoe .in among bacteria We ask questions en how and why in Irrocuo.n ennrombmr battenal MUere.coulee s ac1c ten Mot make than ckrnN ktpva.t The gnawer'*n*bad of manna slid netts.an'atol trbtat for Mrge and deers°mvoaa commas W le great mania lot ho.Uunba gene bander Using an nett npdel we study Its fKed of dot*'*boat usst merits.antbolc natant turns and dr and pro bola on the morn runty Munn and Mw or noate paretic eln nis m to niceob.ote of U.mamma an coon O..eloor ee*and stain'Nara urn#,such as larvae of mecca Ha achy depends on an alaia mnrobai com+aeCy ei tie Mat labial{..g alumni meld noon lava art odor d conpo.lrg arc rational')We a tae.Oled a a teat f.ldsral.nd/p ol the tired•bcacMl macaeiot with Dv asst gar to dialog roar Mist par naarperrrn strategies Rnns.rch Tsar' 5eld Mahmood(Research Mablatd).M 6.Koreas Saar inrventy.hMnPmRnn(2008•Pewit) lakahm ninths Ii Channaal(PhD.Mart).M 8,elm. of Ogre So.Ohr'wad India O0O5-present) Than Albuquerque'PhD student) MS Unwsnay d San Patio.Bragg(2007 .present) Daspli Pal..its 0 SWders).M S Msgpui V.lennsry Cofsge lads(2001 preset) Shannon K Monts OAS student),BS Kama Sate University.Manhattan.KS(2009•present) Can W.Doud;PS D studies).M.S.GI.Mhorra State taevenlly.Shikwfter,OK(2f109.presets) Anuradha Gho.h p.Std Res Assoc).Ph D lint of Mpob.Tack,*.Chnndlg.n.,Undo('2000 pnnarcl %All YinI+2V.M. It!Mange Alain PceKnclmal Raranut Associate (2005-2005) SU 7 5 A.c,Hilr-or Agricultural Uses r a „ b ^ AGRICULTURAL USES (INCLUDING DAIRIES AND ---- ------ •c —_______---_. FEEDLOTS) WITHIN 2 MILES OF THE AURORA. 0;44 • ORGANIC DAIRY i 4t i own Me s. • MR GeND u - i isIra Mb n -- " �R N4. u ( PAS"UPI I~ Saar* , t a vim,. -, 4 2 i ₹ UN --- _ __�»-_ --------J wwa a r aw,wMa .� . 0 raw N Cs*p r 51 w : Weld County Agriculture Statistics �l,��t..\`.It. I L\ii • One of the most productive agricultural counties in the U.S. • In top 5 U.S. counties in total market value of agricultural products sold • The overall impact of agri-business in the County is $3.9 billion annually • There are more than 3,000 operators of livestock, poultry, vegetable, fruit, nursery and grain farms in the County • Supporting agriculture is a specific goal of the County. • Agricultural lands help maintain a sense of rural identity and diversity • Weld is a "Right to Farm" County 26 Eror Weld is a Right to Farm County APPFI:DIX 22-E Weld County's Right to Farm Statement Weld County u ode cf the mast productive agricultural counuee in the United States,ranking fifth in total Market value of agricultural producta sold 'The rural areas of Weld Canty may be open and apactons,but they are tntcnnvely used for agncultue. Penns moving moo a naal area must recognize and accept there art dtowbatka mc.uding calf cm with longstanding agricultural practices and a lower level of services than in town. Along with the drawbacks come the incentives which attract when dwellers to relocate to rural seas' open views. apackwsness, wildlife, lack of city noise and congestion. and the nail atmosphere and way of life. Without neighboring fans, thine features which attract urban dwellers to nail Weld County would quickly be gone forever Ajncuinusl users of the land should not be apectcd to change their long-established agik-ultunl practices to accommodate the intruinoru of urban users into a rural area. Wellcun agricultural actYiaa will generate off-site impacts. including now from tractors and equipment; slow-moving farm vehicles cc teat roads; dart from animal pens,field work.Mani and gravel rods,odor(tom animal confinement,Sago and runes;smoke from ditch burning ( a and moagiutoes; hunting and trapping ectivities; shooting sports. legal hang of nuisance wildlife,and the use of pesticides and fatihaa in the flab,including the ute of aerial spaying. It ens common peacuee for agricuhure producers to notice an accumulation of agricultural machinery and applies to Was in their agruultirel operations. A concentration of nuscellanmua aprcultud materials often produces a vuusi disparity between oral and urban areas of the County. Section 35-3 5-102,C R.S., provides that in agncoitnra) operation shall not bt found to be a public or prate nuisance if the agrcultunl operation alleged to be a nuisance employs methods a practices that are cixnmumly se reasonably associated with agricultural productir: Water has beet and continues in be the lifeline for dm agricultural community It is unrealistic to assume that ditches sod'nervosa may simply be mow'mu of the way"of n ndential development When moving to the County.property owners end rc.idrnu rust realm they taut take water from irrigation ditches. lakes or other aaucnues=that-they have an adjudicated right to tha war. Weld County coves a land area of appoa:nutti;y four thousand(4.000)aquwe miles man(tw ice the a¢of the State of Delaware)with more than three thousand seven huxhel 0.700)miles of atar and county roods outside of teunicmahties. The sheet magnitude of the sad to be saved eaesc-a available resources. law enfaneaunt is based on responses to complaints more than on patrols of the County, and the distant%which rat's be•aveld may delay all emergnicy:egprses, including law caforeement, ambulance and fire Vise potation n usually provided by volunteers who neat lave their jobs and families to respond to emergcncta County gravel roads. no matter how often they ere Mailed.will not prow: the tome kind of surface expected from a paved road Snow removal prieriba mean that roads from subdivisions to annals may not be cleared(or several days after a major snow-steam Snow removal for roads within subdivisions are of the lowest pnonty for public woks or nay be the private responsibility of the bomernmen Services m nil raw., in many cases, will not be equivalent to municipal seances. Rural dwellers must.by necessity,Se more self-sufficient than urban dweller. People are exposed to different Mania in the County than in an urban or suburban sating. Farm equipment and oil field eginmt ent. ponds and imptioa dachea, electrical punt for pun ps and center pivot ope ahom, Lids speed traffic,land burs,pounce vines,teento al firm dap end livestock and open burning parent teal dents Comhotlmg chtldrai a activities is important,not only fot their safety,but also for the protection of the(wrist livelihood. Parents are responsible fa their children. (Weld County Code Ord:nacs 2006.2) 53 uroC In Closing saw • The dairy is more regulated by the County with a Use by Special Review in place. • Aurora Organic Dairy will continue to be a good neighbor and operator. • The property is currently and has been in compliance (since October 2007) with all conditions of approval, development standards and with the Weld County Code. • There is no cause to revoke the Use by Special Review permit and we respectfully ask the Commissioners to dismiss this case. 54 fr uror ORGANIC DAIRY Thank you 28 wsR- /&o Shaw CA.4"15 es. 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September 29, 2008 Laurie Exby and Trevor Jiricek Weld County Department of Public Health and Environment 1555 N. 17th Ave. Greeley, CO 80631 Subject: Scheduled Reports to the Health Department Dear Ms. Exby and Mr. Jiricek, As promised in our Dec. 31 , 2007 follow-up letter to the Weld County Department of Public Health and Environment regarding the Management Plan for Nuisance Control — Special Review Permit-1602, we submit the third of three monitoring reports to share our data collection and biological control activities. We began implementation of our Management Plan for Nuisance Control on April 9, 2008 and, therefore, have gathered approximately 24 weeks' worth of data to share in this report. This report includes two parts: • A Monitoring Plan Report, which includes information and graphs that summarize the data collected from the Spot Card Monitoring and Alsynite cylinder traps, and • A Biological Control Report, which includes the number of parasitic wasps released during the most recent 17-week period, the location of the release and the results of pupal parasitism test performed during this period. We provided our first and second reports on May 30, 2008 and July 31 , 2008, respectively. 1 Monitoring Plan Report Monitoring House Flies — Beginning on April 9, 2008, we have used Spot Cards as a primary method for monitoring house flies. We have placed 3" x 5" white index cards on surfaces preferred and frequented by house flies as resting sites. This includes the Dairy office, parlor breezeway, shop, maternity room, wall outside the east parlor, wall outside the west parlor, front entrance alley, brake room, pen 1 , pen 4, pen 5, pen 8, pen 9, pen 13 and pen 16. Additionally, we have placed Spot Cards on six neighbors' properties surrounding the Dairy (please see map below). Subsequent to complaints made to the Health Department in July (which the Health Department investigated and were determined to ultimately be unfounded), we have added a Spot Card to Pasture One on our property, which is directly across WCR 57 from the Rogers residence. Spot Card Locations i. r it* Mix t `C '. tein(ck • +... ; i - Y rfi.l I f ' 7 .Pettinger .c . r:, ,' ., t ;♦ 3airy Office 3 -`3 * Parlor breezeway hots .�. aternity room '1 I' ill outside the e t R r _ * Noah 0'4 f fai d Fps. , t< , ." parlor ,. ` '�" Wan outside the v 99 .t. • ' �'1 iparlor ... ,. .! , { %. ,1 Front entrance alle R� ! Break room . 4*; -t Pens: 1, 4, 5, 8,9 and i to ,, , , .�t ti - S Pasture 1 - • C ort is M _ t � T , Ph' 4 ._, ' _ . g"..17Go og le" ._. A m■p .C3fm ion.imoa. 2 For the entire April — October fly season, the highest number of spots on any individual ' card for a week was only 44, which demonstrates that we have not experienced a nuisance condition related to house flies on the dairy this summer. The highest recorded data are for Spot Cards located in the cattle pens on our property, and the few times we experienced a modest spike in fly populations in our pens, we released a greater number of parasitic wasps in that location. The release of the additional parasitic wasps had the desired affect of reducing the fly populations in these areas, as the number on the spot cards declined in subsequent weeks. The cards placed at or near our neighbors' homes continue to be relatively clean, with the highest weekly number of spots being 3 for any given week all summer. We have kept copies of each of the Spot Cards in a binder and have replaced the Spot Cards at each location every week. Please see below for a chart detailing the Spot Card monitoring data from the week of July 23r4 through the week of Sept. 22nd. Spot Card Monitoring Data 23-Jul 30-Jul 6-Aug 13-Aug 20-Aug 27-Aug 3-Sep 10-Sep 17-Sep 24-Se Mr. Ryan Reinick 1 3 * 0 * * * * • Mr. Jim Noah 0 0 * 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 Mr. Duane Mix 1 3 0 * 0 0 0 0 2 1 Mr. Jim Wolfrum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mr. Matt Pettinger 0 0 0 * 0 0 * * 0 0 Mr. Brad Peters 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dairy Office 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Parlor breezeway 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Shop 0 0 0 0 0 0 * 0 0 0 Maternity room 3 2 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 Wall E 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 Wall W 0 0 * 0 0 0 * 0 * 0 Front entrance alley 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Break Room 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 * 1 Rogers * 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pasture 400 * * * 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Fencepost SE * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pens: 1 8 8 19 4 3 1 3 2 11 3 4 9 14 6 2 2 0 9 17 4 2 5 27 21 12 5 6 1 8 4 4 2 8 44 23 8 8 2 3 4 8 2 10 9 9 13 6 7 6 2 4 20 3 3 13 26 24 16 11 17 6 8 9 37 6 16 24 19 13 15 39 7 11 8 9 4 Total 157 131 83 55 75 20 54 69 73 33 3 Monitoring Stable Flies — Also since April 9, 2008, Aurora Organic Dairy has used Alsynite cylinder traps to monitor stable flies. This is a 1 -foot-diameter by 12-inch-high cylinder trap on which an adhesive is applied. The cylinder is attached to a wooden stake with the trap's bottom placed 1 foot off the ground and covered with a thin plastic film coated with adhesive. We have installed the cylinder traps on the four cardinal points around the Dairy. When servicing the traps, the adhesive-coated plastic is removed from the trap and then attached to a protective non-sticky clear film. Trapped stable flies are identified, counted and the numbers are recorded each week. Since being notified of concerns from the Rogers at the Aug. 13, 2008 Commissioners hearing, we have added two Alsynite cylinder traps to the North Pasture (pasture one), which is across the county road from the Rogers property. In addition to monitoring for stable flies on this pasture, we have also mowed and harrowed the pasture after the cattle are finished grazing, and have been placing parasitic wasps on the pasture for the last five weeks. Please see below for a map depicting the locations for the Alsynite cylinder traps: Alsynite cylinder traps r. - S. , h , Cylinder Traps war • . y * ' cd• i? h - . ki eit r._ t .. t ' i6p-, # . lir\ ii 1 v. I �.•`. . Cyr - y _ - : et _, A_ f f 1 • ' I; tin-- v simi e4 94 st . rt alY r Goo ;le.- 4 The greatest number of stable flies on any individual trap for a week-long period has been 141 during the April — October fly season. This does not constitute a nuisance condition, as according to Dr. Broce, in livestock production an average of 150 stable flies captured on an Alsynite cylinder trap each day is used as a measurement to indicate critical levels of fly populations. In the most recent four weeks, the average number of stable flies recorded on each trap for a week-long period has been 57. The average number of flies recorded for a week-long period in the traps that have been added to the North Pasture adjacent to the Rogers property is 28, which again, does not constitute a nuisance condition. Below please find a graphical depiction of the Alsynite cylinder data recorded to date: Alsynite Cylinder Trap 500 - t#1 NW --s-#2 NE #3 SE - #4 SW 450 - -+- 400 SW - ' 400 NW 400 - 400 Center 350 t :: ' U 2 a ai 200 150 100 50 e,ropere <60) \re or <1505 og e 4,7 e re" re CP' 4 4\ e 441 CI3 ok\P•Dt s qt it 1 41' " cr 41" Date 5 Biological Control Report Wasp Release — House flies and stable flies, like every other insect, have a guild of natural enemies that include parasitic wasps, predatory beetles and mites, and fly pathogens. The parasitic wasps have been studied the most, and therefore, have been extensively integrated into fly management programs. Accordingly, Aurora Organic Dairy has elected to use parasitic wasps as its biological control agent. We initiated the release of the parasitic wasps on April 26, 2008, which is historically the first frost-free day in Colorado. Since then, we have released 20 pouches of wasps per week at the Dairy, with a release rate of approximately 500,000 wasps per week (each pouch averages 25,000 wasps). We have increased the number of wasps purchased and released based on our fly monitoring program, and in many weeks released upwards of 625,000 wasps. Beneficial Insectaries, the company that provides the wasps, has confirmed that, due to the gregarious nature of the wasps, we are actually releasing three times the number of wasps purchased, for an average of 1 .5 million wasps released each week. We have been releasing wasps in 24 different locations throughout the High Plains and Ray-Glo Dairy Farms. These locations are areas that are suspected or proven to be active larval habitats for fly populations to develop. As mentioned above, we have added several wasps release sites to the North Pasture since mid-August. The release sites are indicated by the green stars on the map below: Wasp Release at it -• wasp rel.sites `- m ' r w . ' • -ii t- -. i-r`/ .1. * - . 'li*r _ - ., -fir• if t Jw -. +J. - r - t •Ii !• /' 1 . � ' -i tatc� , � , , , rt•' I Ott opt , y. :WA.'i , Ott:: alrA - d o-Att', {IN 1 I is v - — + r. - iy _ - Eici I- r. J, , r= 4., , T. 1, -.. 'rs.Goo Stem 6 We have provided a graph below to demonstrate the number of wasps released at each location, as well as the total number of wasps released by week and by location. Please note that this is the number of wasps purchased each week. As mentioned above, the actual numbers of wasps being used on the dairy to attack fly larvae is three-times these numbers. Wasp Release 900,000 is Pasture O Compost ■Comp35 800,000 - -- D Comp34 ■Comp33 700,000 O Comp32 — O21 mp31 600,000 ■RG19 ti SI ill ll I I ii il ii i _ ■RG18 500,000 -- — ® ■RG17 saa 1 liii : -. Ni : : . . • ■RG16 ., „ III •HP 13 2 400,000 —� ® ll . , ■HP 12 Z = = = = III IN■ • • OHP11 300,000 a a EN a � . . . . . - ■HP 10 IN HP 9 200,000 _Ini OHP 8 al a _ a a s no ma ■HP 7 a — a a s Qs al Now OHP6 100,000 " as — a a a a a a mei— al la a n n .. a aa es a a m a • I a a a a ■HP5 OHP 4 0 O HP 3 6'�4 6�7c) 6/QO diet, ,/u'�� i3O ,/76) ,/?V ,<27 -t c9 6' �<-17 �iDe to � 7�O8 9 `9�0� � LOB ■HP 1 C9 t 6 c9 6 63 c9 c9 c9 c9 Release Date 7 . Pupae Parasitism Tests — The Pupae Parasitism Tests are designed to determine the effectiveness of the wasps in fighting fly populations. The pupal parasitism technique allows us to determine how many fly larvae are being killed by the parasitic wasps. Below please find a map that details the location of the pupae parasitism test sites: Pupae Parasitism Test Sites . I -- ,,.,, ._lli k,� , u ; Pupa Parasitism Test �k . __.- _ _ _ - Itt ,+� Site — Pen Site \ . , ,\Iii. 40.;',4f410)14,;i1 i !1 J t ; r p . �_ Pupa Parasitism Test Site — East Compost ilk I Si Pupa Parasitism Test i\: III4 Site - West Compost VNt i N` , , _ 4.64C008 C". The technique to determine the level of pupal parasitism is as follows: Pupae are collected from existing larval habitats, making sure to collect only red, dark pupae indicative of older pupae (>2 days old) and avoiding the younger brown, light pupae. This ensures the collection of pupae that have been exposed to the parasitic wasps. To be able to determine the percentage of solitary (one parasite developing per pupae) and gregarious (more than one parasite per pupae) species of parasites, collected pupae are held individually in vials for 17 days, which allows flies and wasps to emerge. This way, we can record the number of solitary and gregarious parasites, the number of non- parasitized but killed pupae, and the number of live non-parasitized pupae. Our pupal parasitism tests reveal that we have not been breeding flies on our property all summer. In fact, when tested, the larvae where the wasps are introduced have been hatching wasps rather than flies, which is a strong indication that the wasps are doing their job. The chart below provides greater detail on these results: 8 # Pupas % Pupas # Pupas No- No- # Pupas per Developing Developing Developing Test Flies Flies Flies Control Positive 255 18 237 93 Control Negative 101 80 21 21 Pasture 400 121 25 96 79 Pen 1 52 37 15 29 Pen 9 111 57 54 49 Compost SE 90 28 62 69 Compost NE 138 24 114 83 Control Positive: Pupas subjected to high number of wasp for 48 hs. Control Negative: Pupas no exposed to wasp at any moment. In conclusion, we are pleased with the results of our fly monitoring and biological control plans. The feedback we have received from almost all of our High Plains neighbors has been very positive. From all of this data,we can conclude that our program was successful in the 2008 fly season and that we did not create a nuisance condition on or around our dairy farm. We intend to continue and refine this program in future years at the High Plains Dairy. Please contact me if you have any questions about this report. Sincerely, Cc 71:1:11eLt— Sonja Tuitele Vice President of Communications Aurora Organic Dairy 9 EXHIBIT Curriculum Vitae Mauricio E.Benzaquen. Med. Vet.M.S. Kohler Farm Rd#801. Kersey, Colorado 80644 benzamauricio@hotmaiI.com Tel.: (303) 304-9110 Personal Information - Born on November 28th 1975, in Buenos Aires,Argentina. Degrees - Medico Veterinario (DVM). 1994 - 1999. Universidad Del Salvador,Argentina. - Master of Science (Veterinary Clinical Sciences). 2004 - 2006. University of Florida, FL, USA. Positions and Employment - Director of Technical Services.Aurora Organic Dairy. Since 2007. - Residents Food Animal Reproduction and Medicine Service. Department of Large Animal Clinical Science. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida. USA. From 2003 trough 2007. - Veterinary Intern, Mecklenburg Dairy. Baldwin, Jacksonville Florida. From 2002-2003. - Assistant researcher, Dairy Project of the Agricultural Experimental Station of the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) Pergamino,Argentina. E.E.A. From June 2001 to September 2002. - Assistant researcher, institute of Pathobiology C.I.C.V y A-National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA)Castelar, Argentina. Parasitology Area. From May 2000 to May 2001. Scholarships - Scholarship from the Argentinean Secretary of Science and Technology SECyT. Etiopathogenicity and Control of the Bovine Mastitis and Bacteriology of the crude milk in two different systems(Grazing and Freestall housing) and the impact in Cheese quality. Carry on at the Dairy Project of the Agricultural Experimental Station of The National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA)Pergamino. E.E.A.,under the supervision of Dr. Carlos N. Corbellini DVM, MS,PhD. From June 2001 trough August 2003. - Scholarship from the Argentinean Secretary of Science and Technology, SECyT.Development of a DNAc vaccine to control the common Cattle Tick, Boophilus microplus. Carry on at the Institute of Pathobiology C.I.C.V y A-National Institute of Agricultural Technology(INTA) Castelar, Parasitology Area, under the supervision of Dr. Carlos Eddi, DVM, MS,PhD, Coordinator of the area. From May 2000 to May 2001. 1 Scientific papers published - Rectal temperature, calving related factors and the incidence of puerperal metritis in postpartum dairy cows. M.E. Benzaquen;C. Risco; L.F. Archbald; M-J. Thatcher; W.W. Thatcher. Journal of Dairy Science,Jun;90(6):2804-14. - The effect of a monensin controlled-release capsule on the incidence of retained fetal membranes, milk yield and reproductive responses in Holstein cows.2006.P.Melendez, G. Gonzalez, M. Benzaquen, C. Risco,L. Archbald.Theriogenology. 66:234-241. - An outbreak of sand impaction in transition dairy cows. P. Melendez; T. Kruege; M. Benzaquen; C. Risco. Can Vet J 2007;48:1067-1070. Scientific abstracts published - Effect of an oral calcium propionate drench on blood calcium and energy metabolite concentrations in dairy cows affected with dystocia. M.E. Benzaquen;C.A. Risco; J. Goff; P. Melendez; L. Archbald and W.W. Thatcher. (Accepted). 41st Annual Convention AABP, Sep. 2008, Charlotte,NC. - Effect of Season on Claw Disorders (Including Thin Soles) in a Large Dairy in the Southeastern Region of the USA.J.K. Shearer, S.R. van Amstel, M. Benzaquen, L.C. Shearer. In Proc. 14th International Symposium and 6th Conference on Lameness in Ruminants- Uruguay 8-11 Nov. 2006. - Evaluation of Rectal Temperature and Calving Related Factors on the Incidence of Metritis in Postpartum Dairy Cows. M.E. Benzaquen;C. Risco; L.F. Archbald; M-J.Thatcher; W.W. Thatcher. In Proc. 37th Annual Convention AABP, Sep. 21st, 2004, F. Worth, TX. - Efficacy of a dairy cow teat sealant in pre-calving cows in a grazing system. Carlos N. Corbellini; Mauricio Benzaquen; Monica Weinmaier; Carlos A. Introzzi;Pablo Janowicz. In Proc NMC 41 st Annual Meeting February 3-6, 2002 Orlando, Florida. On going research. - Effect of gossypol on hematological and reproductive traits of Holstein bulls used for natural service subjected to different cottonseed feeding regimens. M.Benzaquen;O. Rae; C. Risco; F.Lima. (In progress). - Epidemiology of Trichomona foetus in a bull breed dairy herd. M.Benzaquen;O. Rae; C. Risco; F. Lima. (In progress). Extension publication - Monitoring Health and Looking for Sick Cows. C.Risco;B. Smith; M. Benzaquen; P. Melendez. Florida&Georgia Dairy Road Show IFAS-UF. Internships - Internship in Dairy Science. University Of Florida, Gainesville, Fl. 2 Externships - Aurora Organic Dairy. Dairy herd management at an organic dairy. Under the supervision of Dr.Juan Velez. During August 2005. - Dairy herd reproductive management, insemination and semen evaluation with Dr. Juan Carlos Hutter on several dairy farms during summer 2001. - INTA Mercedes. In dairy herd management, animal health and nutrition with Dr. Carlos N. Corbellini MV, Ph.D. During 1999. - Institute of Pathobiology C.I.C.V y A"INTA Castelar. Calf area and Calving attendance. In " La Adele"dairy farm,Lujan. Under the supervision of Dr. Guillermo Berra. Area coordinator. During summer of 1997. - Institute of Pathobiology C.I.C.V y A "INTA Castelar, Area of Parasitology. Practices of the different diagnostic methods in parasitology. Under the supervision of Dr. Carlos Eddi, DVM, MS, PhD. During 1996. - Institute of Virology C.I.C.V y A " INTA Castelar, Immunology area,working in clinical trials on infected cattle with(Herpes bovine I). Under de supervision of the Dr.Ana M. Sadir, Research Director(INT.). During June and July of 1996. Graduate Courses - Statistical Methods in Research 1. Fall 2004. University of Florida, Statistic department. Grade A. - Statistical Methods in Research II. Spring 2005. University of Florida, Statistic department. Grade A. - Issues in the Responsible Conduct of Research. Spring 2005. University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine. Grade A. - Clinical Veterinary Epidemiology. Summer 2005. University of Florida,College of Veterinary Medicine. Grade A. - Principles of Immunology. Fall 2005. University of Florida, College of Medicine. Grade B. - Research Methods in Epidemiology. Spring 2006. Grade B+. - Categorical Data Analysis. Spring 2006. Grade B+. - Course of Statistic and Experimental Design. From April 3rd to June 28th 2002. Universidad de Buenos Aires,Veterinary College. Grade A. - Grade Course, "Introduction to the Medic Biotechnology". Bio Sidus. From 5th May to 11th of August 2000. 66 Hours of Lecture. (Non graded) - Farm Management. I.S.E.A. Institute Superior de Ensenanza Agropecuaria. 417 hours of lecture in 1999.Capital Federal. Dictated by the Rural Society of Argentina. (Non graded) 3 Professional courses - The Replacement Heifer, from Birth to Pre-Calving. AABP, Pre-seminar conference seminars, Vancouver,BC, 2007. - Applied Dairy Nutrition--Part 1. AABP, Pre-seminar conference seminars,Vancouver, BC, 2007. - Management of Reproduction in the Periparturient Cow and Neonatal Calf. AABP Pre conference seminars, Saint Paul, MN 2006. Usage of Software Programs - Statistics packages: SAS. 9.1; Statistix 7.0; Win Espiscope 2.0. - Dairy management packages: Pc-Dart; Dairy Comp-305. - Windows environment: Excel, Word, Power Point. Non-Professional Work Experiences - Laboratory Technician at the Institute of Pathobiology C.I.C.V y A - INTA Castelar, Parasitology Area, under the supervision of Dr. Carlos Eddi, DVM, MS,PhD, From 1997 to 1999. Professional Memberships - American Association of Bovine Practitioners, 2003 -present. - American Society for Theriogenology. 2005 —present 4 7388 Highway 66,Platteville Co Phone 720-564-6296-ext 466 80651 Fax 970-535-4589 EXHIBIT E-mail Juanv@auroraorganic.com Juan S. Velez /Q.6 Personal Born In Bogota-Colombia September 2, 1964. Experience 1988 Colombia S.A. Veterinary Consultant Large Animal Practice. Bovine exclusively. 1991-1993 University of Florida Gainesville,Fl. Resident Rural Animal Medicine Service. Seventy Percent field work,20 percent teaching and lOpercent research. 1994-1995 Assistant Professor. Universidad de La Salle,College of Veterinary Medicine.Large Animal Medicine 1993-1995 Colombia,S.A. Veterinary Consultant Large Animal Practice. Bovine exclusively 1995-2003 Aurora Dairy Corporation Platteville Co Herd Health Coordinator Herd health Programs for 7 dairies totaling 20.000 dairy cows. 2003-Present Aurora Organic Dairy Platteville Co V.P.of Farm Operations 2006-Present Member of the Animal Welfare Committee.American Association of Bovine Practitioners. Education 1982-1988 Universidad de la Salle Bogota Colombia S.A. Medico Veterinario M.V. 1989-1991 Texas A&M University College Station TX. Master of Science Physiology of Reproduction 1993 American College of Theriogenologist. Jacksonville Fl. Diplomate. Publications Peer Review Journals J.S. Velez,R.D.Randel and D.A.Neuendorf.Effect of Uterine Manipulation on Postpartt Fertility and Plasma 13,14-Dihydro-15Keto-prostaglandin F2&in Brahman Cows and Fir Calf Heifers. 1991.Theriogenolgy:36:987-998. J.S.Velez and R.D.Randel.Relationship Between Plasma Progesterone and 13,14-Dihyd 15Keto-prostaglandin F2&and Resumption of Ovarian Activity During the Post Partum Anestrum Period in Brahman Cows. 1993.Theriogenology: Wang C,Risco CA,Donovan GA,Velez JS Menitt AM and BeedeD.K.Recent Advances in Prevention of Parturient Paresis in Dairy Cows.Compendium on Continuing Education 16:10, 1373- 1382, 1994. C.A.Risco,P.J.Chenoweth,R.E.Larsen,J.S.Velez,N. Shaw,T.Tran and C.C.Chase Jr.The Effect of Gossypol in Cottonseed meal on Performance and Hetmatological and Semen Traits in Postpubertal Brahman Bulls. 1993.Therigenology:40:629-642. P.J.Chenowth,C.A.Risco,RE Larsen,J.S. Velez,T.Tran and C.C.Chase Jr.Effects of Dietary Gossypol on Aspects of Semen Quality,Sperm Morphology and Sperm Production in Young Brahman Bulls. 1994.Theriogenology:42:1-13. Risco C.A.,Smith,Bill I.,Velez JS and Barker RD.Management and Economics of Natural Service Bulls in Dairy Herds.Compendium on Continuing Education 1998. Not Peer Review Articles: More than 10 not peer review articles in both English and Spanish. Invited Speaker International Conference of Livestock in the Tropics."Bull Libido and Serving Capacity. Gainesville"Fl. 1992. International Conference of Livestock in the Tropics."Alternative Beef Production systems fiat the Tropics".Gainesville Fl. 1993. Beef Production in the Tropics."Preventive Medicine in Beef Cattle Production". Santo Domingo de los Colorados.Ecuador 1992 Current situation of the Dairy Business."Dairy Production Systems".ANALAC Bogota Colombia 1996. Annual Symposium of Bovine Reproduction. Reproductive Management of the Dairy Herd. Rosario Argentina 2000. Cattle Production Symposium."Importance of Having Herd Health Protocols"ASOCEBU. Bogota Colombia 2002 Pfizer Bovine Reproduction Seminar."Management of Reproduction for the Dairy Herd". Mexico City.Mexico 2004. First international Congress on Milk Quality and Mastitis Control. Bogota,Colombia,2006 National Organic Program,Pasture Symposium. State College,P.A. April 2006. First International Symposium on Organic Livestock. Minnesota.2006. Academy of Dairy Veterinarians: Herd Health Management of Organic Dairies.May 2006 Arizona Nutrition Conference. Management and Economics of Organic Dairies.October 2006. Understanding Organics: Livestock health and Management.Animal Welfare in Organic Dairil New Hampshire,March 2007. Measurable Indicators of Animal Welfare in Organic and Conventional Dairies in the United States. Goff, S.S.', Dhuyvetter, K.C.2, Velez, J.S.', Smith, J.F.4 & Reynolds, J. International Organization of Organic Agricultural Movements. Modena Italy 2008 American Association of Bovine Practitioners. Organizations Animal Welfare Committee of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners. Society for Theriogenology. American College of Theriogenologist. Scientific Advisory Committee for The Organic Center. American Academy of Veterinary Consultants 'Validus Services,LLC,Des Moines,IA. E-Mail SandyStokes34@hotmail.com,Internet wvrw.validusservices.corn 'Kansas State University,Department of Agriculture Economics,Manhattan,KS. E-Mail kcd@ksu.edu. 'Aurora Organic Dairy,Platteville,CO. E-Mail juanv@auroraorganic.com,Internet www.auroraorganic.com. °Kansas State University,Department of Animal Science,Manhattan,KS. E-Mail jfsmith@ksu.edu. University of California,Tulare Veterinary Medical Teaching and Research Center,Tulare,CA. E-Mail jreynold@vmtrc.ucdavis.edu. EXHIBIT SS NOT SCANNED INTO FILE (DUPLICATE CONTAINED WITHIN EXHIBIT Q) aO1 000N0000 O N O O O O O • O O r O r c0 r co t0 r r 0p m m V , ^ r) O no 0 0 0 O O ONO 0 0 r 0 0 CO r N N r N r s_/ill 03 ol r 0 r O O O O N O (Y) C') O O 0 N co O co Ns-N 4 0) N N Lo N tqn Q r r O N O O O r O O O O r O r V m r N N r r r o r O O O M O O O C') O O O O p N Q co r ? r co N m el) O N 0 0 r 0 0 0 C') 0 r 0 0 o 7 0 CD 0) N N W n (N N C0 0 N 0 O 0 O O 0 N 0 0 0 0 C7 0 10 el N Or U) 8 N C c Q -) r 0 r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O r r 0 0 0 Q o co r V C D L 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o r o o ch C') r M O c O O O r O O O O O O O O O O r r r 0 0 N N r V ilmil O T CO 200000000000000 r o o o 0 o o r am CO Co >CO 2 0 0 r o 0 O O O o O O o 0 o O O O r o o o N N C co 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o 0 o o O M 0 O o 0 o o o M IT r @2 O co O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a) Q o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n o 0 0 o N CID IQ o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 co r t ' g O O O o O O O O O O O O O O O 0 O 0 O O O ii 111 0 i PC j, 0 a et co al '� o a) o _ c� m o ° g � z m gel) a CD `" N n w � Cl) (c0 > d -0 a o cc0 cc m a C r v u) O o r CD o E - `_ z. -0 uu)i E `° c m c am F fVl o m 7 s_ 2 g 2 a LL ..... n m a BENEFICIAL INSECTARY Producers of Beneficial Insects for Better Pest Planageuient JUly 14, 2008 Dr. Mauricio Benzaquen High Plains Dairy 28520WCR 72 Gill, CO 80624 SUBJECT: FLY CONTROL Dear Dr. Benzaquen: As previously discussed with you and Dr. Broce, we have taken samples of the weekly shipments of fly parasites we are shipping to the above address. The shipments consist of a mixture of two to three species of pteromalids. We will continue to ship, at minimum, the following: 500,000 live parasites of Muscidifurax zaraptor, M. raptorellus and Trichomalopsis sarcophagidae. The samples from April 14, 2008 to June 23, 2008 have yielded three to six times the minimum standard. In other words, the mixture of a single and the two gregarious species has resulted in a minimum of 1,500,000 live parasites per shipment. We hold the samples for two - three weeks and have, therefore, not recorded the shipments from June 30th forward. This summary is provided in lieu of a spreadsheet, as you requested. If you want more information, please let me know. It is my understanding, from the conversation with Dr. Broce, that your are having good results with your fly management program. I am looking forward to an on-site visit if we can coordinate this for early August. Sincerely, cat Sinthya Penn Entomologist lla � r 9664 Tanqueray Ct., Redding. CA 96003 Office: (330) 226-6300 FAX: (530) 226.6310 Internet: www.insectary.com EXHIBITS VV, WW, XX, AND YY NOT SCANNED INTO FILE (DUPLICATES CONTAINED WITHIN EXHIBIT V) 8/14/08 Dear Aurora Dairy; Just some thoughts for how we, your neighbors,could better prepare for October l5`meeting. September 4th milk disbursement date-all the neighbors come to the dairy- perfect time to pers nally talk with them and send with a small letter requesting: • al letter in support of the dairy that could be picked up(by a dairy representative)or dropped off at the dairy between 9/8 and 9/15 to be turned in the commissioners office well before 10-1. • akk if it would be okay to give a reminder phone call before the 10-1 meeting requesting/reminding neighbors appearance at the meeting. • you could also have neighbors sign a petition at that September pick u relate to a generalized statement saying this year has been significantly better etc.—just in case you can't get everyone to write a leltter or miss work to show up to the meeting,you've at least got their signature. For some they will do all three of these things. If we can be any assistance please let us know. Attached is a copy of the letter we had submitted before this last meeting in August. I spoke with Bill Jerky Thursday morning 8/14 and his recommendation was to keep the letters coming and have a better turn out of neighbor in support. Unfortunately,with busy lives, people won't remember or think ahead to schedule off work without constant reminders. Due to a mandatory meeting I had to attend on 8/13, I was unable to attend the commissioner's meeting. I will schedule accordingly for the 10/1 meeting. I had hoped the letter I had subntted would have helped but apparently they want warm bodies also! Sincerely, Juliana and B / n Q J to XHtBn' _._.... ._ 2 ' Page 1 of 1 Sonja Tuitele From: VJunior101@aol.com Sent: Thursday,August 07, 2008 9:06 PM To: egesick@co.wld.co.us Cc: Sonja Tuitele Subject: Aurora Dairy To Whom It May Concern: This email is to inform you that Aurora Dairy is a welcomed asset to our community. They have been a good neighbor in every way. They seem to have complied with all the required stipulations asked of them by the county. We live directly across from one of their properties and greatly enjoy watching the cows graze on the pasture early in the mornings. I feel the presence of the dairy improves the atmosphere of our area. The fly population seems no different on our property now then before the dairy occupied the property across the road. The dairy traffic seems to have decreased also. Although our road is often in ill repair from all the oil traffic that travels it. Living in the country is a privilege which I appreciate and love. Living with the Aurora Dairy as our neighbor seems to keep the balance of agriculture and big business a visible part of our community. The dairy employees several people which is great plus provides a healthy, great tasting product for all of us to enjoy. Sincerely, Vicki C. Anderson Peter Looking for a car that's sporty, fun and fits in your budget? Read reviews on AOL Autos. 8/18/2008 EXHIBIT ZZ DUPLICATES OF LETTERS NOT SCANNED INTO FILE Jim/Pat Noah [duplicate Exhibit 0] Matt Pettinger [duplicate Exhibit T] Ryan/Lana Reinick [duplicate Exhibit S] David/Susan Blomquist [duplicate Exhibit P] Brandon/Juliana Coalson [duplicate Exhibit R] To Whom It May Concern: This is an updated letter on the fly condition involving Aurora Organic Dairy. We are so impressed with the Dairy for all that they have proved this summer and now this fall! We absolutely have NO FLYS! I have maybe killed two in my home as of today. Our animals are not stressed out because of flies, and our home is clean. I commend Aurora Organic Dairy this fall on a job well done. Thanks, Ryan and Lana Reinick October 1"2008 EXHIBIT r ov a Dear Weld County Commissioners, c≥ R t e≤14 We, the undersigned neighbors of the Aurora Organic High Plains Dairy in Gill, Colo., support Aurora Organic Dairy's efforts to minimize nuisance conditions on their farm and to be a good neighbor. We believe that Aurora Organic Dairy has implemented the plans it shared with us at the beginning of the year and we acknowledge that there has not been a nuisance condition related to the dairy this summer. We believe the High Plains Dairy should be allowed to continue to operate under its USR permit#1602 and that the "show cause"be dismissed on Oct. 1, 2008. Thank you. Signed Print Name Address Date • /�4 ' P� 9/44 A C Ila lames C NogL otTcls" 4/6R ,1_ AM 9-G-°C 714.44....... /41-Aley / t/ 337,a aeff // 9-4 -a8 ladlie al-T=4cl 37% '?" Oa Cy; \n °I'°6 -c- ` . ( 'L-//S sim_ CALL 364a.10acRs9 L4Tt l`-5-b-c C)--4[0 ' II- p5 T t\U 21s2cG -72G41! 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E.) 0) T @ @ E J a) O 2 @ @ L Lim O O O O Q) (n a (n W (n N N `z I- Y Z m a) (/) S -) (A I- O U (n W -� CD O (n O U a Y a Y W (D I -� W mu Y Y Y Y Y O] m O O O J -5 U O )- a O F- 4] t. - .� __ :ems - _ ;� Countyd 6 E Ohl ------Nj . o . re......\\/-- 1O 7o ) 1- • CD PI CC-).::, M co CO 4--0 +� CD C = can Q co Q f3 co CO -11 r Cr / IHI I • y ri M CJ 00 M County Rd 1.--...:„ ir - :.I. 1 co , CN co E r --- .0 : ..„ _ 1 co \6 ® U O __ \ Ocf) O cc V ry .� > CC o a) • cc Sco (CD) C CC CCO a� ' i4- alit O Et O Q O rao ') CO : CCE;\ \ or Count Rd 57 all „.r:, Nr0.....al C County _ X , * CO O • iirC� O 69° Illeemiliewilwassiar Lo Ln ® % O Cilill H r_ 30?) CO j O. CD et LO In CO EC---) CO CO CO am N N H . _ -1 11j/ .. _ A (c® ., Inn Count Rd 55 U Y Q 0 Q Scientific articles citing Alsynite Traps as a preferred way to monitor stable flies I. Journal of Economic Entomology. 2006 Aug;99(4) : 1415-9 Comparative efficiency of six stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) traps Taylor, David B., Berkebile, Dennis. USDA-ARS Midwest Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln,NE 68583, USA. dtaylor(a unl.edu 2. Journal of Medical Entomology. 1988 Sep;25(5):406-9. An improved Alsynite trap for stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae).Broce AB. 3. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1990. Comparative attraction of four different fiberglass traps to various age and sex classes of stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) adults. Hogsette JA, Ruff JP. 4. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1998 Feb;91(1):159-64. Population profile of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) caught on Alsynite traps in various feedlot habitats. Guo YJ, Greene GL, Butine MD. Southwest Research-Extension Center, Kansas State University, Garden City 67846, USA. 5. Journal of Medical Entomology. 1991. Landing pattern of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on the alsynite cylinder trap: effect of wind speed and direction. EXHIBIT rh w) Scientific articles citing Spot Cards as a preferred way to monitor house flies 1. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1986 Feb;79(1):144-51 Field Evaluation of three methods for monitoring populations of house flies (Musca domestica) (Diptera: Muscidae) and other filth flies in three types of poultry housing systems. Lysyk TJ, Axtell RC. 2. Environmental Entomology. 14:815-819. Comparison of baited jugtrap and spot cards for sampling house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), populations in poultry houses. 3. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1999 Apr;92(2):416-20 Effect of airflow on house fly (Diptera: Muscidae) distribution in poultry houses. Geden CJ, Hogsette JA, Jacobs RD. Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA. 4. Poultry Science. 1989 A quick and simple quantitative method to monitor house fly populations in caged layer houses. 5. Northeast SARE Live Web Broadcast, May 2, 2007 Integrated Pest Management for Fly Pests of Confined Dairy Animals. Kaufman, P, Rutz, D, Waldron, JK. Cornell University Cooperative Extension 6. Cornell University and Penn State Cooperative Extension publication. Pest Management Recommendations for Dairy Cattle. Rutz, DA, Geden, CJ. Cornell University Pitts, CW. Department of Entomology, Penn State 7. Outlook on Agriculture, Vol. 36(3), 193-197, 2007. Controlling risks of pathogen transmission by flies on organic pig farms, a review. Meerburg, BG, Vermeer, HM, Kijlstra, A. Animal Sciences Group, Wangeningen UR, PO Box 65, NL-8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands. EXHIBIT liaV"IGrh sari L Scientific articles citing Parasitic Wasps as an effective biological control agent for house and stable flies 1. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1998 Oct;91(5):I 1 14-21 Releases of Spalangia nigroaenea and Muscidifurax zarapton (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) increase rates of parasitism and total morality of stable fly and house fly(Diptera: Muscidae) pupae in Illinois cattle feedlots. Weinzierl, RA, Jones, CJ. Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801, USA. 2. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1990. Commercial and naturally occurring fly parasitoids(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as biological control agents of stable flies and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae)on California dairies. 3. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1994. Inundative releases of pteromalid parasitoids(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)for the control of stable flies,Stomoxys calcitrans(L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)at confined cattle installations in west central Nebraska. 4. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 2004 Biological control of house flies Musca domestica and stable flies Stomoxys Calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) by means of inundative releases of Spalangia Cameroni (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). 5. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1989. Parasites that attack stable fly and house fly(Diptera: Muscidae) puparia during the winter of dairies in northwestern Florida. 6. Medical Veterinary Entomology. 1990. Parasitism of house fly(Musca domestica) pupae by four species of Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera): effects of host—parasitoid densities and host distribution. 7. Journal of Medical Entomology. 1987. Competitive parasitism of house fly pupae (Diptera: Muscidae) by Muscidifurax zaraptor and Urolepis rufipes(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). 8. Northeast SARE Live Web Broadcast, May 2, 2007 Integrated Pest Management for Fly Pests of Confined Dairy Animals. Kaufman, P, Rutz, D, Waldron,JK. Cornell University Cooperative Extension 9. Cornell University and Penn State Cooperative Extension publication. Pest Management Recommendations for Dairy Cattle. Rutz, DA, Geden, CJ. Cornell University Pitts, CW. Department of Entomology, Penn State 10. EENY-048, Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service paper, 1998. House fly, Musca domestica Linnaeus. Sanchez-Arroyo, H. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. 11. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL PARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS Suppression of House Flies(Diptera: Muscidae) in Florida Poultry Houses by Sustained Releases of Muscidifurax raptorellus and 1418O Spalangia cameroni (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) (ics, OI CHRISTOPHER J. GEDEN AND JEROME A. HOGSETTE ( r ALBERTO B. BROCE Kansas State University Department of Entomology West Waters Hall Manhattan, KS 66506-4004 ph: (785) 532-4745 e-mail: abrocena,ksu.edu BORN 1942, Republic of Panama(US citizenship, 1978) EDUCATION 1962, Agronomist, PanAmerican Agricultural School, Honduras, C.A. 1965, B.S., Entomology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 1967, M.S.; 1971, Ph.D., Entomology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 1971-72. Post-Doctorate, Department of Botany, University of Florida. Research on primary productivity of Everglades' mangroves. 1972-73. Professor, Department of Entomology, National Graduate School of Agriculture, Chapingo, Mexico. 1973-76. Senior Scientist, Lockheed Electronics Co., Life Sciences Applications Dept., Veracruz, Mexico and Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX. Research commissioned by NASA on the application of remote sensing technology in the screwworm eradication program; coordinated activities at remote sensing site in Veracruz, Mexico. Transferred to the NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX; continued working on the screwworm project, and in the Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE). 1976-79. Resesarch Entomologist, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M. Assigned to the USDA/AR Screwworm Research Lab., Mission, TX. Conducting research on screwworm biology, ecology and control in support of the eradication programs in SW USA, Mexico and 2"d eradication from Curacao, N.A. 1979-2000. Asst. Prof. (1979-81); Assoc. Prof. (1981-1987); Full Professor(1987- Present). Department of Entomology, Kansas State University. CURRENT POSITION DESCRIPTION Overall research responsibilities fall under the descriptive title of"Ecology, Biology, and Control of Insects Affecting Man and Animals". Major research interests are with flies of veterinary importance, especially stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans), face flies (Musca autumnalis), house flies (M. domestica), and horn flies (Haematobia irritans). Studies with stable flies include their short and long distance dispersal or migration; their feeding mechanism (functional morphology of mouthparts) and saliva properties and functions; attractancy and trapping with Alsynite plastic; breeding habitats and populations under urban environments; how their presence in urban areas creates conflicts between urbanites and livestock producers; and sources of these flies affecting pastured cattle. Research with face flies includes the adaptive significance of puparial calcification; various behavioral components of diapause, including survival and feeding during diapause; selection of hibernacula. Related fly studies include the oviposition behavior of parasites of filth flies; health hazards of electrocutor insect traps ("bug zappers") due to the production of airborne insect particles and how these particles are capable of carrying bacteria and viruses. Research on the cat flea comprises trapping, insecticide resistance, dynamics of the carpet microhabitat, evaluation of control strategies, and the role of urban wildlife as cat flea reservoirs. Currently investigating the biology of the itch mite Pyemotes herfsi, an introduced species from Europe and the cause of bite outbreaks on humans throughout the Midwestern U.S. Taught (1979-2003) an undergraduate course in Veterinary Entomology and a companion lab course, as a service course for Animal Sciences and Industry, and Pre-Vet majors. MAJOR RESEARCH ACOMPLISHMENTS (collaborators within parenthesis) • Member of team that discovered the elusive mating sites of wild screwworm flies and described the flies' behavior at these sites (F. Guillot & H.E. Brown) • Designed trap for screwworm flies which was 9X more effective than existing traps; trap used in eradication of screwworms throughout SW U.S., Mexico, Central America and from an introduction into Libya(J. Goodenough & J. Coppedge) • Member of team that developed a poisoned bait system for screwworm flies to aid on this pest's eradication; evaluated this technique's success in the 2nd eradication of these flies from the island of Curacao (J. Coppedge, J. Goodenough, W. Snow) • Described the biological significance (mating stimulant) of the attractant • Swormlure-2 for screwworms • Led efforts that described the unique calcification process of face fly puparia (M. Grodowitz, T. Hopkins, K. Kramer, R. Elonen) • Described the morphology and function of mouthparts of flies in 35 Diptera families (R. Elzinga) • Showed that horn flies disperse at a high rate among cattle herds (R. Byford) • Designed a new trap for stable flies which has become the standard trap for this species • Found that cat fleas can become serious pests of stabled cattle (M. Dryden & W. Moore) • Documented that composting and mulching with grass clippings in city backyards are significant sources of stable flies in urban environments; and that more stable flies are found in backyards with dogs than in those without • Demonstrated that the great quantities of airborne particles produced during the operation of electrocutor insect traps are composed of insect body components and elements from the electrified grid • Developed (and patented) a highly efficient light trap for cat fleas (M. Dryden & K. Hampton) • Demonstrated that bacteria and viruses carried by insects are made airborne when the insects are killed by electrocutor traps (J. Urban) • Member of team that developed methods for using near infrared spectroscopy to identify fly puparia parasitized by microhymenopteran parasites, to chronologically age-grade flies, and to sex fly pupae (F. Dowell, J. Perez, J. Throne, J. Baker) • Collaborated in efforts that demonstrated that salivary gland extracts of stable flies modulate bovine lympocyte responses (M. Wilkerson & M. Kanost) • Recently gathered evidence that supports the hypothesis of long distance migration of stable flies into the U.S. Midwest in the spring (J. Hogsette) • Has demonstrated the high level of movement of stable flies between rural and urban habitats by the identification of bloodmeal hosts, as well as the high rate of interrupted feeding (various graduate students) • Has recently demonstrated that larval habitats of wasted hay mixed with manure and soil at winter feeding sites of hay in round bales are the main sources of stable flies attacking pastured cattle (J. Hogsette, L. Zurek, J. Talley) • Demonstrated that house flies colonize fresh cattle manure and for up to 3 weeks; whereas, stable flies do not colonize it until the manure is at least 10 days old and do so for just a short time (S. Haas). • Improved the bioassay for evaluating insecticide resistance in cat fleas; found that the pupation site in carpets is a function of the carpet matrix. Also demonstrated that the urban wildlife, specially raccoons and opossums, serve as reservoirs of cat fleas during the winter months when the fleas disappear from the pets and home environments (M. Dryden, R. Miller& R. Bossard) • Demonstrated that parasitic wasps use olfactory stimuli to locate their fly pupal hosts, and that these wasps avoid superparasitizing their pupal hosts as they can distinguish between their own marking pheromone and that of conspecifics (T. McKay) • Has recently obtained evidence that indicate that the adaptive significance of puparial calcification of face flies might be to prevent oviposition by microhymenopteran parasitoids. In addition, has constructed an ethogram of the oviposition behavior of Muscidifurax zaraptor, one of these microhymenopteran parasitoids (various graduate students) • Coordinated efforts in the surveillance of West Nile virus in Kansas during 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004 which included the trapping and identification of mosquitoes throughout the state, the state-wide collection of dead birds, the operation of a toll free phone for reporting dead birds, and the maintenance of a web page with the latest information on the WNV in the state of Kansas (L. Zurek) • Led interdisciplinary and interagency team that discovered that the cause of outbreaks of mysterious bites on humans in the USA Midwest is an introduced species of Pyemotes itch mites (personnel from K-State, Univ. of Nebraska, Pittsburg State Univ., CDC and KDHE) GRADUATE STUDENT ADVISING Adviser for 10 undergraduate students (while dept. had an undergraduate program). Major professor for 12 M.S. and 10 Ph.D. students (graduates currently holding posts with the U.S. Armed Forces, universities, state and foreign governmental agencies, industry, or pursuing further education): In addition, has been member of 36 M.S. and Ph.D. supervisory committees in Entomology and other departments. Currently, major professor for 2 Ph.D. students. SERVICE TO COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY AND PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES Member of numerous College committees, including Relations with other Educational Institutions, Course & Curriculum, Pest Science & Management, Search Committees for various professors, Head, and two Deans; Ag Awards Member of numerous University committees, including International Activities Council, Multicultural Affairs, Latin American Studies Program, Faculty Senate, Graduate Council, Graduate Council Recertification Advisory Comm., Search Assoc. Provost Member of various National Committees, including Executive Coordinating Comm. 2nd Nat'I.Livestock IPM workshop; Comm. Annual Livestock Insect Workers Conference; NC154, NCS-3, S-274 and S-1005 Regional Committees Member and Chair of Editorial Board of Annals Entomol. Soc. Amer.;judge of student competition at national meetings; Assoc. Editor, Southwestern Entomologist AWARDS AND HONORS Award for Excellence in Graduate Research, Univ. of Florida. 1971. USDA/SEA Superior Service Award. 1979. President, Central States Entomological Society. 1981-82. President, Sigma Xi Society, KSU Chapter. 1990-91. Schering-Plough Lifetime Achievement in Veterinary Entomology Award HONORARY AND PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES Entomological Society of America; Central States (Kansas) Entomological Society; Sigma Xi; Phi Sigma Society PRESENTATION OF SCHOLARLY WORK Numerous presentations of research papers at regional, national and international venues, including invited papers at these meetings. Examples include: -Symposia at national meetings of the Entomological Society of America, the International Symposia on Ectoparasites of Pets, Society for Vector Ecology, Livestock Insects Workers Conferences -Smithsonian Tropical Res. Inst., Balboa, Panama, on"Ecological implications of the eradication of the screwworm fly from Central America and Panama". -Invited talk on the eradication of the screwworm at the V Agro-Scientific Congress, Univ. of Panama -Invited seminar on"The use of insecticides: The pros and the cons", Panama Canal Zone Audubon Society -Various presentations at the Nebraska Urban Pest Management Conference on"Insect Electrocutors as Sources of Insect Fragments in the Commercial Work Environment", "New Developments in Flea Research in Kansas", "The Stable Fly: A Common Pest of Dogs and Humans, and Possible Health Threat" -Mechanism of Calcification of face Fly Puparia-Invited talk at the 5`h Minority Graduate Education Conference on "Minorities in Science and Technology" (Wichita, KS) -Organizer of four"Kansas Vector-Borne Disease Prevention Conference" "Unusual Urban Pests: Face Fly and Stable Fly", invited talk at the USDA/ARS CMAVE, Gainesville, FL -"The human bot fly among ecotourists", talk at the Dept. of Dermatology, Univ. of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City -Diverse talks/seminars presented at departments of entomology at the universities of Kansas, Florida, Nebraska, Missouri, Arkansas -Various talks at the International Symposia on Ectoparasites of Pets- Invited talks on horn flies as pests of cattle, and on latest findings on cat fleas as pests of the home environment, at the XVII PanAmerican Veterinary Sciences Congress REFEREED PUBLICATIONS ♦Cromroy, H.L., A.H. Porter, A.H. Burns & A.B. Broce. 1967. The endothelial cell as an indicator of animal radiosensitivity. In: Symposium on Radioecology, D.J. Nelson & F.C. Evans, Eds. p. 127-130. USAEC. ♦Cromroy, H.L., A.B. Broce & L.J. Goldman. 1969. Insect studies on radiosensitivity. In" Final report to Office of Civil Defense on Cellular Indicators of Radiosensitivity. U. of Fla. May 1969. ♦Cromroy, H.L., R. Levy, A.B. Broce & L. Goldman. 1971. Radio-sensitivity of animal species. In: Symposium on Nuclear Warfare and Agricultural and Livestock Production. D.W. Bensen, and A.H. Sparrow, Eds. p. 419-433. *Federici, B. & A.B. Broce. 1971. Graduate training in Entomology: Departments of Entomology in School or Colleges of Agriculture. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 17:255- 258. *Lugo, A.E., G. Evink, M.M. Brinson, A.B. Broce & S.C. Snedaker. 1975. Diurnal rates of photosynthesis, respiration, and transportation in mangrove forests in South Florida. In: Tropical Ecological Systems: Trends in terrestrial and aquatic research. -F.B. Golley & E. Medina, Eds. pp 335-350. Springer-Verlag, N.Y. *Glade E., W., R. Reyna, P. Ittycheriah, A. Castillo, and A.B. Broce. 1974. Toxic and sterilizing effects of some combinations of apholate and tepa on Musca domestica (L.). Agrociencia. 18:15-26. ♦Broce, A.B. & J. Ideker. 1978. Oleander flowers as insect traps. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 71:628-629. ♦Broce, A.B., J.L. Goodenough & J.R. Coppedge. 1977. A wind oriented trap for screwworm flies. J. Econ. Entom. 70:413-416. ♦Guillot, F.S., H.E. Brown & A.B. Broce. 1978. Behavior of sexually active male screwworm flies. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 71:199-201. ♦Coppedge, J.R., A.B. Broce, F.H. Tannahill, J.L. Goodenough, J.W. Snow & M.M. Crystal. 1978. Development of a bait system for suppression of adult screwworms. J. Econ. Entomol. 71:483-486. ♦Coppedge, J.R., J.L. Goodenough, A.B. Broce, F.H. Tannahill, J.W. Snow, M.M. Crystal & H. D. Petersen. 1978. Evaluation of the screwworm adult suppression system (SWASS) on the island of Curacao. J. Econ. Entomol. 71:579-584. ♦Broce, A.B., R.B. Davey & J.W. Snow. 1979. Plastic wicks as dispensers of the screwworm attractant, Swormlure-2. J. Econ. Entomol. 72:115-118. ♦Broce, A.B., J.L. Goodenough & J.W. Snow. 1979. Recovery of screwworm flies released at various distances and directions of the attractant Swormlure-2. Environ. Entomol. 8:824-828. ♦Broce, A.B. 1979. Sexual behavior of screwworm flies stimulated by Swormlure-2. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 73:386-389. *Goodenough, J.L., J.R. Coppedge, A.B. Broce, H. Del Var Petersen & A. Higgins. 1979. Screwworm flies: A system for baiting and distributing Screwworm Adult Suppression System units. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agric. Eng. 22: 1260-1263. ♦Mackley, J.W. & A.B. Broce. 1981. Evidence of a female sex recognition pheromone in the screwworm fly. Environ. Entomol. 10:406-408. *Snow, J.W., J.R. Coppedge, A.B. Broce, J.L. Goodenough & H.E. Brown. 1982. Swormlure: Development and use in detection and suppression systems for adult screwworm(Diptera: Calliphoridae). Bull. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 28:277-284. ♦Grodowitz, M.J., J. Krchma & A.B. Broce. 1982. A method for preparing soft bodied larval Diptera for scanning electron microscopy. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 55:751-753. ♦Van Geem, T.A., A.B. Broce & R.D. Moon. 1983. A system for physiological age- grading of female face flies, Musca autumnalis DeGeer. Bull. Kans. Expt. Sta. No. 643. 23 pp. *Harvey, T.L., J.R. Brethour& A.B. Broce. 1983. Horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) control on cattle with insecticide ear tags attached to backrubbers and dust bags. J. Econ. Entomol. 76:96-98. ♦Grodowitz, M.J. &A.B. Broce. 1983. Calcium storage in face fly larvae (Diptera: Muscidae) for puparium calcification. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 76:418-424. ♦Broce, A.B. & R.J. Elzinga. 1984. Comparison of prestomal teeth in the face fly and house fly (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Med. Ent. 21:82-85. *Harvey, T.L., J. Brethour& A.B. Broce. 1984. Loss in effectiveness of insecticide ear tags for horn fly (Diptera:Muscidae) control. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 57:715-717. ♦Broce, A.B. 1985. Myiasis producing flies. pp 83-100. In: Livestock Entomology. Williams, R., R.D. Hall, A.B. Broce, and P. Scholl, Eds. John Wiley, NY. 335 p. • Roseland, C.R., M.J. Grodowitz, K.J. Kramer, T.L. Hopkins & A.B. Broce. 1985. Stabilization of mineralized and sclerotized puparial cuticle of muscid flies. Insect Biochem. 15:521-528. ♦Van Geem, T.A. & A.B. Broce. 1985. Significance of cattle discharges and secretions as protein sources for ovarian development in the face fly (Diptera: Muscidae). Environ. Entomol. 14:60-64. ♦Van Geem, T.A. & A.B. Broce. 1986. Fluctuations in the protein and carbohydrate content of the crop correlated to periodicities in ovarian development of the female face fly (Diptera: Muscidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 79: 1-6. ♦Elzinga, R.J. & A.B. Broce. 1986. Labellar modifications of Muscomorpha flies (Diptera). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 79:150-209. *Berry, I.L., A.K. Nelson & A.B. Broce. 1986. Effects of weather on capture of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) by Alsynite fiber glass traps. Environ. Entomol. 15:706-709. *Wooten, E.L., F. Blecha, A.B. Broce & D.S. Pollmann. 1986. The effect of sarcoptic mange on growth performance, leukocyte and lymphocyte proliferative responses in pigs. Vet. Parasitol. 22:315-324. ♦Grodowitz, M.J., A.B. Broce & K.J. Kramer. 1987. Morphology and biochemical composition of mineralized granules from the Malpighian tubules of Musca autumnalis DeGeer larvae (Diptera:Muscidae). Insect Biochem. 17:335-345. *Krueger, R.A., A.B. Broce & T.L. Hopkins. 1987. Dissolution of granules in the Malpighian tubules of Musca autumnalis DeGeer, during mineralization of the puparium. J. Insect Physiol. 33:255-263. ♦Wooten-Saadi, E., A.B. Broce, J.S. Stevenson & J.L. Nelssen. 1987. Growth performance and behavioral patterns of pigs infested with sarcoptic mites (Acari: Sarcoptidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 80:625-628. ♦Grodowitz, M.J., C.R. Roseland, K.K. Hu, A.B. Broce & K.J. Kramer. 1987. Mechanical properties of mineralized and sclerotized puparial cuticles of the flies Musca autumnalis and M. domestica. J. Exp. Zool. 243:201-210. ♦Broce, A.B. & V.G. Gonzaga. 1987. Effects of substituted benzylphenols and alsystin on the reproduction of the face fly (Diptera:Muscidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 80:37-43. ♦Byford, R.L., A.B. Broce, J.A. Lockwood, S.M. Smith, D.G. Morrison, & C.P. Bagley. 1987. Horn fly (Diptera:Muscidae) dispersal among cattle herds. J. Econ. Entomol. 80:421-426. ♦Grodowitz, M.J., A. Broce & L.H. Harbers. 1987. Characteristics of dung that affect Musca autumnalis (Diptera: Muscidae) larval survival and puparial mineralization. Environ. Entomol. 16:722-730. *Krueger, R.A., A.B. Broce, T.L. Hopkins & K.J. Kramer. 1988. Calcium transport from Malpighian tubules to puparial cuticle of Musca autumnalis. J. Comp. Physiol. (B). 158:413-419. •Broce, A.B. 1988. An improved Alsynite trap for stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Med. Entomol. 25:406-409. •Elzinga, R.J. & A.B. Broce. 1988. Hypopi (Acari: Histiostomatidae) on house flies (Diptera:Muscidae): A case of detrimental phoresy. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 61:208-213. ♦Wooten-Saadi, E., F. Blecha, J.S. Stevenson & A.B. Broce. 1988. Influence of sarcoptic mange and ambient temperature on lymphocyte blastogenic responses and serum cortisol of pigs. Amer. J. Vet. Res. 49:1555-1559. ♦Broce, A. B., M. J. Grodowitz, & J. G. Riley. 1989. Effect of the ionophore lasalocid on face fly (Diptera:Muscidae) larval survival and chemical parameters of cattle feces. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 61:471-476. ♦Lenssen, A.W., S.L. Blodgett, R.A. Higgins, T.G. Nagaraja, G.L. Possler& A.B. Broce. 1990. Cantharidin decreases in vitro digestion of alfalfa and smooth bromegrass. Vet & Human Toxicol. 5:413-415. *Johnson, G.D., J.B. Campbell, H.C. Minocha& A.B. Broce. 1991. Ability of Musca autumnalis (Diptera: Muscidae) to acquire and transmit bovine herpesvirus-1. J. Med. Entomol. 28:841-846. ♦Broce, A.B., J.R. Schwenke & K.E. Hampton. 1991. Landing pattern of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on the Alsynite cylinder trap: Effect of wind speed and direction. J. Med. Entomol. 28:730-733. *Dryden, M.W., A.B. Broce& W. Moore. 1993. Severe flea infestation in dairy calves. J.AM. Vet. Med. Assoc. 203:1448-1452. ♦Broce, A.B. 1993. Dispersal of House Flies and Stable Flies. Pp. 50-60. In: "Rural Flies in the Urban Environment?". G.D. Thomas & S.R. Skoda, Eds. Proc. Symp. at Entomol. Soc. Amer. meetings, San Antonio, Tex., Dec. 1989. North Central Regional Res. Pub. No. 335. Univ. Nebr. Res. Bull. No. 317. *Dryden, M.W. & A.B. Broce. 1993. Development of a trap for collecting newly emerged Ctenocephalides fells (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) in homes. J. Med. Entomol. 30:901-906. ♦Broce, A.B. 1993. Electrocuting and electronic insect traps: Trapping efficiency and production of airborne particles. Intl. J. Environ. Health Res. 3:47-58. ♦Giancaspero, A. & A.B. Broce. 1993. Micromorphology of the prestomal teeth and feeding behaviour of Musca autumnalis, M. larvipara and M. osiris (Diptera: Muscidae). Med. & Vet. Entomol. 7:398-400. ♦Szalanski, A., W.C. Black, IV, & A.B. Broce. 1995. Esterase staining activity in pyrethroid-resistant horn flies (Diptera:Muscidae). J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 68:303-312. ♦McPheron, L. & A.B. Broce. 1995. Influence of environmental factors on the wandering phase and pupariation in stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, larvae. Physiol. Entomol. 20:337-342. ♦McPheron, L. & A.B. Broce. 1996. Environmental components of pupariation-site selection by the stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae). Environ. Entomol. 25:665-671. *Burks, C.S., D.W. Hagstrum, K.E. Hampton& A.B. Broce. 1997. Crystallization temperature and chilling injury during overwintering in a feral face fly (Diptera: Muscidae) population. Environ. Entomol. 26:1124-1130. *Reinhold, K., M.D. Greenfield, Y. Jang & A.B. Broce. 1998. Energetic costs of sexual attractiveness: ultrasonic advertisement in wax moths. Animal Behaviour. 55:905-913. *Urban, J.E. & A.B. Broce. 1998. Flies and their bacterial loads in greyhound dog kennels in Kansas. Current Microbiology. 36:164-170. *Jones, C.J., J.A. Hogsette, S.A. Isard, Y.J. Guo, G. Greene & A.B. Broce. 1998. Using phenology to detect dispersal of stable flies in Western Kansas. 13th Conf On Biometeorol. &Aerobiol., Amer. Meteor. Soc. ♦Broce, A. B., J. Urban, K. Huntzinger, & K. Hampton. 1999. Electrocution of house flies in bug zappers releases bacteria and viruses. Abs. Ann. Meeting of the Am. Soc. for Microbiol. #Q-329. *Miller, R.J., A.B. Broce, M.W. Dryden&J.E. Throne. 1999. Emergence, survival, and fecudity of adult cat fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) exposed as pupae to juvenile hormone mimics. J. Med. Entomol. 36:776-779. •Miller, R., M. Dryden,A.B. Broce&T.L. Hopkins. 1999. Susceptibility to IGRs and cuticle deposition of the cat flea(Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) as a function of age. J. Med. Entomol. 36:780-787. ♦Broce, A.B. & M.S. Haas. 1999. Relation of cattle manure age to colonization by stable fly and house fly(Diptera: Muscidae). J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 72:60-72. •Urban, J.E. & A.B. Broce. 2000. Killing of flies in electrocuting insect traps releases bacteria and viruses. Current Microbiology. 41:267-270. *Dryden, M. & A. Broce. 2000. Susceptibility of fleas to control agents: Development of a monitoring program. Comp. on Cont. Educ. Pract. Vet. 22:21-23. *Miller, R., M. Dryden, A. Broce &A. Suiter. 2000. Pupation site selection of cat fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) in various carpet types and its influence on insecticide efficacy. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:1391-1397. *Dowell, F.E., A.B. Broce, F. Xie,J.E. Throne &J.E. Baker. 2000. Detection of parasitized fly puparia by near-infrared spectroscopy. J. Near Infrared. Spectr. 8: 259-265. ♦Khattak, M.K., A.B. Broce & B. Dover. 2000. Repellency and residual effect of neem or mineral oil on thdistribution and oviposition of maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci. 3: 2131-2143. ♦Khattak, M.K., A.B. Broce & B. Dover. 2000. Egg development inhibition and ovipositional deterrence of neem or mineral oil on maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci. 3: 1910-1913. •Bossard, R.L., A.B. Broce & M.W. Dryden. 2000. Effects of circadian rhythms and other bioassay factors on cat flea (Pulicidae: Siphonaptera) susceptibility to insecticides. J. Kans.Entomol. Soc. 73:21-29 •Urban, J.E. & A.B. Broce. 2000. Killing of flies in electrocuting insect traps releases bacteria and viruses. Current Microbiology. 41:267-270. *Bossard, R.L., A.B. Broce & M.W. Dryden. 2000. Effects of circadian rhythms and other bioassay factors on cat flea (Pulicidae: Siphonaptera) susceptibility to insecticides. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 73:21-39. *Dowell, F.E., A.B. Broce, F. Xie, J.E. Throne & J.E. Baker. 2000. Detection of parasitized fly puparia by near-infrared spectroscopy. J. Near Infrared. Spectr. 8: 259- 265. *Dryden, M.W. & A.B. Broce. 2001. Integrated flea control for the 21st Century. pp 36- 40. In Suppl. to Comp. on Cont. Educ. For Pract. Veter. 24(1A) ♦Perez-Mendoza, J., F.E. Dowell, A.B. Broce, R.A. Wirtz, F. Xie, J.E. Throne & J.E. Baker. 2002. Chronological age-grading of flies by near-infrared spectroscopy. J. Med. Entomol. 39:499-508 *Bossard, R.L., M.W. Dryden & A.B. Broce. 2002. Insecticide susceptibilities of cat fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) from several regions of the United States. J. Med. Entomol. 39:742-746. *Bossard, R.L. & A.B. Broce. 2002. Evaluation of glass, nylon fabric and filter paper as substrates in insecticide bioassays of cat fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 37:182-192. ♦Swist, S.L., M.J. Wilkerson, C.R. Wyatt, A.B. Broce & M.R. Kanost. 2002. Modulation of bovine lymphocyte response by salivary gland extracts of the stable fly,Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Med. Entomol. 39:900-907. *Mowery, S.V., M.A. Mullen, J.F. Campbell & A.B. Broce. 2002. Mechanisms underlying sawtoothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis [L.]) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) infestation of consumer food packaging materials. J. Econ. Entomol. 95:1333-1336. *McKay, T. & A.B. Broce. 2003. Response of Muscidifurax zaraptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to the olfactory stimuli from hosts and their habitat. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 76:31-37. • Mowery, S.V., J.F. Campbell, M.A. Mullen & A.B. Broce. 2004. Response of (Oryzaephilus surinamensis [L]) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) to food odor emanating through consumer packaging films. Environ. Entomol. 33(1): 75-80. ♦McKay, T. & A.B. Broce. 2004. Discrimination of self-parasitized hosts by the pupal parasitoid Muscidifurax zaraptor(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 97: 592-599. *Dowell, F.E., A.G. Parker, M.Q. Benedict, A.S. Robinson, A.B. Broce & W.A. Wirtz. 2005. Sex separation of tsetse fly pupae using near-infrared spectroscopy. Bull. Entomol. Res. 95:1-9 ♦Scoles, G. A., A. B. Broce, T. J. Lysyk, and G. H. Palmer. Relative efficiency of biological transmission of Anaplasma marginale (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) by Dermacentor andersoni Stiles (Acari: Ixodidae) compared to mechanical transmission by the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Med. Entomol. (accepted 2/24/05) *Hansen, G., J. Goedeke, A. Broce, L. Lewis, L. Backer, E. Azziz-Baumgartner, C. Rubin & F. Yip. 2005. Outbreak of pruritic rashes associated with mites— Kansas, 2004. Morb. Mort. Wkly. Rpt. CDC. 54: 952-955. ♦Broce, A.B., J. Hogsette & S. Paisley. 2005. Winter feeding sites of hay in round bales as major developmental sites of stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae), in pastures in spring and summer. J. Econ. Entomol. 98:2307-2312. •Szalanski, A.L., C.B. Owens, J.A. Lewter& A.B. Broce. 2006. Genetic structure of Aedes vexans (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from Kansas based on mitochondrial ND5 sequences. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 99: 157-163. *Romero, A., A. Broce and L. Zurek. 2006. Role of bacteria in oviposition behaviour and larval development of stable flies. Med. Vet. Entomol. 20: 115-121. ♦Mramba, F., A. Broce & L. Zurek. 2006. Isolation of Enterobacter sakazakii from stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Food Protect. 69: 671-673. ♦Broce, A.B., L. Zurek, J. Kalisch, R. Brown, D. Keith, D. Gordon, J. Goedeke, C. Welbourn, J. Moser, R. Ochoa, E. Azziz-Baumgartner, F. Yip & J. Weber. 2006. Pyemotes herfsi (Acari: Pyemotidae), a mite new to North America as the cause of bite outbreaks. J. Med. Entomol. 43: 610-613. ♦Broce, A.B. 2006. Ectoparasite Control. In: Stocker Cattle Management - Vet. Clin. Food Anim. 22: 463-474. Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia. ♦Ahmad, A., A. Broce & L. Zurek. 2006. Evaluation of significance of baceria in larval development of Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Med. Entomol. 43: 1129- 1133. •Sirigireddy, K.R., G.A. Kennedy, A. Broce, L. Zurek & Roman R. Ganta. 2006. High prevalence of West Nile virus: A continuing risk in acquiring infection from a mosquito bite. Vector-Borne & Zoon. Dis. 6: 351-360. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on your"Stupid Government Tricks" (The Playboy Forum, April 1995). Alberto Broce. Letter to the editor. Playboy, May 1995:41. PATENT Dryden, M.W., A.B. Broce & K.E. Hampton. "FLEA TRAP". U.S. Patent No. 5,231,790; issued AUG. 3, 1993. United Sates Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Jerome A Hogsette (Jerry) Mosquito and Fly Research Unit Research Entomologist Jerry.Hogsette@ars.usda.gov Phone: (352) 374-5912 Fax: (352) 374-5922 1600-1700 SW 23RD DRIVE GAINESVILLE, FL, 32608 Projects CONTROL AND PROTECTION TOOLS FOR INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OF MOSQUITOES AND FILTH FLIES Appropriated (D) Accession Number:409300 SURVEILLANCE AND ECOLOGY OF MOSQUITO, BITING AND FILTH BREEDING INSECTS Appropriated (D) Accession Number: 409295 DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF DIGITAL THERMOMETER/RELATIVE HUMIDITY RECORDING DEVICES WITH REMOTE DOWNLOADING CAPABILITIES Nonfunded Cooperative Agreement (N) Accession Number:414305 Publications Discovery of diurnal resting sites of phlebotomine sand flies in a village in southern Egypt.-(Peer Reviewed Journal)-(03-Sep-08) Pollen recovered from the exoskeleton of stable flies,Stomoxys calcitrans(L.) in Gainesville, Florida- (Peer Reviewed Journal) -(09-Jun-08) House fly(Diptera: Muscidae) ultraviolet traps: Design affects attraction and capture- (Proceedings/Symposium) Hogsette,J.A. 2008. House fly (Diptera: Muscidae) ultraviolet light traps: Design affects attraction and capture. Proceedings of the International Congress of Urban Pests, Budapest, Hungary, p. 193-196. EFFECT OF CHEMICAL LURES AND TRAP PLACMENT ON SAND FLY AND MOSQUITO COLLECTIONS WITH MMX TRAPS IN BAHRIF VILLAGE, ASWAN, EGYPT.-(Proceedings/Symposium) Bernier, U.R., Hoel, D.F., Hogsette Jr.,J.A., Hanafi, H.A., Kline, D.L. 2008. Effects of lures and trap placements on sand fly and mosquito traps. Proceedings of the International Congress of Urban Pests, Budapest, Hungary, p.171-175. - ah 1409. p , Overview of Mosquito Research Programs at the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical,Agricultural&Veterinary Entomology- (Peer Reviewed Journal) Linthicum, K.J., Allan,S., Barnard, D.R., Becnel,J.J., Bernier, U.R., Carlson, D.A., Geden, C.J., Clark, G.G., Hogsette,J.A., Kline, D.L. 2008. Overview of mosquito research programs at the USDA ARS Center for Medical,Agricultural &Veterinary Entomology. Wing Beats. 19(1):31-34. EVALUATION OF TWO COMMERCIAL TRAPS FOR THE COLLECTION OF CULICOIDES (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE). - (Peer Reviewed Journal) Lloyd, A.M., Kline, D.L., Hogsette,J.A., Kaufman, P.E., Allan,S.A. 2008. Evaluation of two commercial traps for the collection of Culicoides(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association. 24(3):253-262. Evaluation of different insecticides and fabric types for development of treated targets for stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) control. - (Peer Reviewed Journal) Hogsette,J.A., Nalli, A., Foil, L.D. 2008. Evaluation of different insecticides and fabric types for development of treated targets for stable fly(Diptera: Muscidae) control.Journal of Economic Entomology. 101(3):1034-1038. Mosquito and Fly Control Research by the USDA-ARS Center for Medical,Agriculture and Veterinary Entomology(CMAVE) in the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Program - (Peer Reviewed Journal) Linthicum, K., Allan, S.A., Barnard, D.R., Becnel,J.J., Bernier, U.R., Britch, S.C.,Clark, G.G., Cooperband, M.F., Geden,C.J., Hogsette,Jr,J.A., Kline, D.L., Pereira, R.M., Pridgeon,J.W., Quinn, B.P., Reinert,J.F., Welch, C.H., Zhao, L. 2007. Mosquito and Fly Control Research by the USDA-ARS Center for Medical, Agriculture and Veterinary Entomology(CMAVE) in the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Program. California Mosquito and Vector Control Association Proceedings. Mosquito and Fly Control Research by the USDA-ARS Center for Medical,Agriculture and Veterinary Entomology(CMAVE) in the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Program -(Abstract) - (04-Feb-07) USDA-ARS-CMAVE Pesticide Research for the DoD:A Needs-Based Program for Vector Control- (Abstract) -(11-Dec-06) ANALYSIS OF EXTRACTED and volatile COMPONENTS IN BLACKSTRAP MOLASSES feed AS CANDIDATE HOUSE FLY ATTRACTANTS-(Peer Reviewed Journal) Quinn, B.P., Bernier, U.R., Geden, C.J., Hogsette Jr,J.A., Carlson, D.A. 2007.Analysis of extracted and volatile components in blackstrap molasses feed as candidate house fly attractants.Journal of Chromatography. A, 1139(2):279-284 FLIES- (Book/Chapter) Hogsette,J.A.,Amendt,J. 2008. Flies. In: Bonnefoy,X., Kampen, H., Sweeney, K., editors. Public Health Significance of Urban Pests.World Health Organization Regional Office, Europe,Copenhagen, Denmark, p. 209-237. THE USDA-ARS CENTER FOR MEDICAL, AGRICULTURAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY: DEVELOPING NEW MOSQUITO SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PRODUCTS- (Peer Reviewed Journal) Linthicum, K.,Allan,S.A., Barnard, D.R., Becnel,J.J., Bernier, U.R., Carlson, D.A.,Clark, G.G., Geden, C.J., Hogsette Jr,J.A., Kline, D.L. 2006.The usda-ars center for medical, agricultural and veterinary entomology: developing new mosquito surveillance and control products. Proceedings and Papers of the Mosquito and Vector Control Association of California, 74:83-86. SEASONALITY AND TRANSMISSION OF SHIGA-TOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLT INFECTIONS IN CATTLE: AGRO-ECOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE OF A ROLE FOR PEST FLIES- (Abstract) Keen,J.E., Durso, L.M., Gerhardt, R.R.,Jones, C., Watson, W., Hogsette Jr,J.A., Keen, D. 2006. Seasonality and transmission of shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli infections in cattle: Agro-ecological and molecular epidemiologic evidence of a role for pest flies. [abstract]. Proccedings of the 6th International Symposium on Shiga Toxin (Verocytotoxin)--Producing Escherichia coli Infections,October 29- November 1, 2006, Melbourne, Australia. Poster No. P04.1.02. The use of air curtains to prevent entry of flies and mosquitoes on commercial aircraft- (Proceedings/Symposium)- (01-Feb-06) DISPERSAL OF STABLE FLIES FROM LARVAL DEVELOPMENTAL SITES-(Proceedings/Symposium) Taylor, D.B., Moon, R., Broce, A., Campbell,J.B.,Scholl, P.J., Hogsette Jr,J.A. 2005. Dispersal of stable flies from larval developmental sites. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, December 14- 19, 2005, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. 2005 Streaming Video. WINTER FEEDING SITES OF HAY IN ROUND BALES AS MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL SITES OF STABLE FLIES, STOMOXYS CALCITRANS(DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE), IN PASTURES IN SPRING AND SUMMER- (Peer Reviewed Journal) Broce,A.B., Hogsette Jr,J.A., Paisley,S. 2005. Winter feeding sites of hay in round bales as major developmental sites of stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae), in pastures in spring and summer.Journal of Economic Entomology. 98(6):2307-2312. SUPPRESSION OF HOUSE FLIES(DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) IN FLORIDA POULTRY HOUSES BY SUSTAINED RELEASES OF MUSCIDIFURAX RAPTORELLUS AND SPALANGIA CAMERONI (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) - (Peer Reviewed Journal) Geden, C.J., Hogsette Jr,J.A. 2006.Suppression of house flies (diptera: muscidae) in florida poultry houses by sustained releases of muscidifurax raptorellus and spalangia cameroni (hymenoptera: pteromalidae). Environmental Entomology. 35(1):75-82. ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS EXTRACTED FROM MOLASSES FOR EVALUATION AS CANDIDATE FLY ATTRACTANTS-(Proceedings/Symposium) Quinn, B.P., Bernier, U.R., Carlson, D.A., Hogsette Jr,J.A. 2005.Analysis of volatile compounds extracted from molasses for evaluation as candidate fly attractants . Proceedings of the ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. PREVENTION OF MOSQUITOES AND HOUSE FLIES FROM ENTERING SIMULATED AIRCRAFT WITH COMMERCIAL AIR CURTAIN UNITS-(Peer Reviewed Journal) Carlson, D.A., Hogsette Jr,J.A., Kline, D.L., Geden, C.J.,Vander Meer, R.K. 2006. Prevention of mosquitoes and house flies from entering simulated aircraft with commercial air curtain units.Journal of Economic Entomology. 99(1):182-193. NOVEL RESEARCH EFFORTS TO PREVENT WEST NILE VIRUS TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL SPREAD OF INFECTED MOSQUITOES- (Abstract) Linthicum, K., Allan, S.A., Barnard, D.R., Becnel,J.J., Bernier, U.R.,Carlson, D.A., Hogsette Jr,J.A., Kline, D.L.,Shuman, D. Novel research efforts to prevent west nile virus transmission and control spread of infected mosquitoes. 2005 National Conference on West Nile Virus in the United States, February 8-9, 2005; San Jose, California; pg. 13. HABITAT CORRIDORS FUNCTION AS BOTH DRIFT FENCES AND MOVEMENT CONDUITS FOR DISPERSING FLIES-(Peer Reviewed Journal) Fried,J.H., Levey, D.J., Hogsette Jr,J.A. 2005. Habitat corridors function as both drift fences and movement conduits for dispersing flies. Oecologia. 143:645-651. DISPERSAL OF ADULT STABLE FLIES,STOMOXYS CALCITRANS (L.), FROM POINT SOURCES IN A NEBRASKA LANDSCAPE - (Other) - (24-Jun-04) MOLECULAR FINGERPRINTING BY PFGE LINKS E. COLI O157:H7 ISOLATES FROM PEST FLIES AND LIVESTOCK AT FAIRS AND ON FARMS-(Abstract) Durso, L.M., Keen,J.E.,Gerhardt, R.R.,Jones, C.J.,Watson, W., Hogsette Jr,J.A. 2004. Molecular fingerprinting by pfge links e. coli o157:h7 isolates from pest flies and livestock at fairs and on farms [abstract]. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Livestock Insect Workers',June 27-30, 2004, Lake Placid, New York. p.45-46. MANAGEMENT OF NUISANCE FLIES ON CATTLE FEEDLOTS, FLOT.306- (Other) Urech, R., Green, P.E., Skerman,A.G., Elson-Harris, M.M., Hogsette Jr,J.A., Bright, R.L., Brown, G.W. 2003. Management of nuisance flies on cattle feedlots,flot.306. Government Publication/Report. APPLE POLYPHENOL OXIDASE INHIBITOR(S) FROM COMMON HOUSE FLY- (Peer Reviewed Journal) YORUK, R., HOGSETTE JR,J.A., ROLLE, R.S., MARSHALL, M.R. APPLE POLYPHENOLOXIDASE INHIBITOR(S) FROM COMMON HOUSE FLY.JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE. 2003.v.68. p.1942-1947. PESTS OF VETERINARY IMPORTANCE - (Review Article) Hogsette Jr,J.A. 2003. Pests of veterinary importance. Encyclopedia of Entomology. ISOLATION OF SHIGA-TOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (STEC) FROM LIVESTOCK PEST FLIES-(Abstract) KEEN,I.E.,JONES, C.J., GERHARDT, R.R., WATSON, D.W., HOGSETTE,J.A., KEEN, D.P. ISOLATION OF SHIGA-TOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (STEC) FROM LIVESTOCK PEST FLIES. RESEARCH WORKERS IN ANIMAL DISEASES CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS. 2002.Abstract No. 71. INSECT CONTROL IN PULLET AND LAYER HOUSES-(Proceedings/Symposium) Hogsette Jr,J.A. 2002. Insect control in pullet and layer houses. Georgia Extension Bulletin. INSECT TRAP- (Patent Application)s Hogsette Jr,J.A., Carlson, D.A. 2005. Insect trap. U.S. Patent 6,966,142. Evaluation of natural oils and plant extracts as repellents and attractants for house flies(Musca domestica)-(Abstract) Braverman,Y., Hogsette Jr.,J. A. 2001. Evalutation of natural oils and plant extracts as repellents and attractants for house flies (Musca domestica). Phytoparasitica, 27:57-58. USDAA United States Agricultural South Atlantic Area P.O. Box 14565 �7 11 Department of Research Center for Medical, 1600 SW 23'd Drive a Agriculture Service Agricultural and Gainesville, FL 32604 Veterinary Entomology September 15, 2008 Dr. Mauricio E. Benzaquen Director of Technical Services Aurora Organic Dairy 7388 Highway 66 Platteville Colorado 80651 Dear Dr. Benzaquen. A few weeks ago you sent me piece of sticky fly ribbon that had been hung at the home of a person who, as I recall from our conversation, lives near your dairy. The sticky ribbon is covered with insects on both sides. As you requested. I examined this sticky ribbon under a dissecting microscope to check for the presence of any nuisance fly species, especially house flies. I could find no house flies on the sticky ribbon. The most common nuisance species on the ribbon is the blow fly or bottle fly. There appeared to be only one species. possibly Phormia regina. but the flies are covered with adhesive and a species determination is difficult. The second most common nuisance fly on the sticky ribbon is the flesh fly. This fly looks very much like a large house tly. but it is generally more hairy and the tip of the abdomen is red. There were also many small. non-descript flies on the ribbon. but few if any of these could be considered to be nuisance species. In agricultural or rural situations. Phormia and similar blow flies and, flesh flies are all associated with dead animals. In nature, the maggots of these flies are important in the process of decomposition of dead animals. The presence of large numbers of adults can mean improper handling of dead animals or animal products. Although these flies might visit animal manures to feed. the immature stages_namely the maggots, do not develop normally in manures of large farm animals. I hope this information will be helpful for you. Please let me know if I can be of additional assistance. Sincerely_ L t - 'Dr. Jerome A. Hogsette. Jr. Research Entomologist USDA-ARS 1600 S.W. 23's Drive Gainesville, Florida 32608 USA !tKSTATE Kansas State University, Department of Entomology 123 Waters Hall Manhattan,KS 66506-4004 785-5324154 Fax 785-5324232 www.oznetksu.edu/entomology/ Aug 18, 2008 Dr. Ludek Zurek Associate Professor • Izurek@ksu.edu TO: ` Mauricio E. Benzaquen; Med.Vet., M.S. Director of Technical Services , Aurora Organic Dairy 7388 Highway 66 Platteville Colorado 80651 A RE: Identification of insects on a sticky tape(AA USR 1602) Dear Dr. Benzaquen, I have analyzed the sample you sent me on Aug. 13, 2008 under a dissecting microscope. The-sticky tape had a`very high density of flies, the majority of which was severely damaged which prevented the identification to the species level in most cases. However, the flies on this tape clearly represented only two Diptera families: Calliphoridae (blow flies) and Sarcophagidae (flesh flies). Within the family Calliphoridae, there were two or three species in two genera (-70% of total flies in this sample): Phoenicia sericata and/or P. caesar and Calliphora spp. In the other family it was Sarcophaga spp. (--30% of total flies). Larvae of these flies typically develop in decaying tissues (animal cadavers). I have not found any flies in the family Muscidae, including house flies (Masco dontestica) and stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans) that are typically associated with confined cattle operations and develop in animal manure/feces. Please, do not hesitate to contact me if you need any additional information. Sincerely, I / ? .. 367/4 Ludek Zurek, Ph. ' . Associate Professor • Medical and Veterinary Entomology Diagnostic Medicine'and Pathobiology . Kansas Slate University Agricultural Experiment EXHIBIT Station and Eooperative Extension Service 4. 1/7C211 "Knowledge farLi fe„ tss . cc Ludek Zurek Associate Professor Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiologv Department of Entomology Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 Tel: 785-532-4731 Fax: 785-532-6232 Email: lzurek@ksu.edu Education: BS. (1987) Mendel Agricultural University, Brno, CZ Ph.D. (1998) University of Alberta, Edmonton, CA Postd. Res. Assoc. (1999-2002) North Carolina State University, Raleigh Specialization and Areas of Research Interest: Research program in our laboratory is oriented in three main directions: a) ecology of zoonotic and food-borne pathogens in agricultural and urban environments with special focus on antibiotic resistant strains b) gastro-intestinal microbial ecology of mammals and insects c) insect-microbial interactions and development of novel microbially-based strategies for insect pest management We are working primarily with enterococci and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia colt. The main interests include the origins, reservoirs, and horizontal transfer of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria. We ask questions on how and why some innocuous environmental bacterial strains acquire specific traits that make them clinically important. The gastro-intestinal tract of mammals and insects is an ideal habitat for large and diverse microbial communities with great potential for horizontal gene transfer. Using an insect model, we study the effect of diet, antibiotic treatments, antibiotic resistant strains, and pre- and pro-biotics on the community structure and flow of mobile genetic elements in the microbiota of the mammalian colon. Development and survival of some insects, such as larvae of muscoid flies, strictly depends on an active microbial community in the natural habitat (e.g. animal and human feces and other decomposing organic materials). We are interested in a better understanding of this insect - bacterial association with the overall goal to develop novel insect pest management strategies. Research Team: Sajid Mahmood (Research Assistant), M.S., Kansas State University, Manhattan (2008 - present) Lakshmikantha H. Channaih (Ph.D. student), M.S., Univ. of Agric. Sci., Dharwad, India (2005 - present) Thais Albuquerque(Ph.D. student), M.S. University of Sao Paulo, Brazil (2007 - present) Deepti Pillai (Ph.D. student), M.S. Nagpur Veterinary College, India (2008 - present) Shannon N. Morris (M.S. student), B.S. Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (2008- present) Carl W. Doud (Ph.D. student), M.S. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK(2008 - present) Anuradha Ghosh (Postd. Res. Assoc.), Ph.D. Inst. of Microb. Technol., Chandigarh, India (2008 - present) Past Members: M. Jahangir Alam, Postdoctoral Research Associate: (2003 - 2005) ;, (currently, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX) Alvaro Romero, MS. student: (2003 - 2005) (currently, Ph.D. student, University of Kentucky, Lexington) Seemanti Chakrabarti, Ph.D. student: (2002 - 2005) (currently, Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of California - Riverside) Justin Talley, Ph.D. student: (2003-2006) (currently, Assistant Professor, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater) Furaha W. Mramba, Ph.D. Student, (2003- 2006) (currently, Researcher in the Tanzanian Government) Mastura(Luna)Akhtar, Ph.D. Student, (2004 -2008) (currently, Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul) Ageel Ahmad, Postdoctoral Res. Associate, (2004 - 2008) (currently, Research Entomologist, Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO) Lilia Macovei, Postdoctoral Res. Associate), (2005 -2008) (currently, Postdoctoral Res. Associate, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, MA) Selected Publications: I. Microbial Ecology (*Zurek as corresponding author) Anderson, J.F., T.D. Parrish, M. Akhtar, L. Zurek, and H. Hirt (2008). Antibiotic resistance of enterococci in American bison (Bison bison) from a nature preserve compared to that of enterococci in pastured cattle. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74: 1726-1730. Larson, Z., B. Subramanyam, L.Zurek, and T. Herrman (2008). Diversity and antibiotic resistance of enterococci associated with stored-product insects collected form feed mills. Journal of Stored Product Research 44: 198-203. Macovei, L., B. Miles, and L. Zurek* (2008). The potential of house flies to contaminate ready-to-eat food with antibiotic resistant enterococci. Journal of Food Protection 71: 432-439. Macovei, L. and L.Zurek* (2007). Influx of enterococci and associated antibiotic resistance and virulence genes from ready-to-eat food to the human digestive tract. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73: 6740-6747. Mramba, F., A. Broce, and L. Zurek* (2007). Vector competence of stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) for Enterobacter sakazakii. Journal of Vector Ecology 32: 134-139. Ahmad, A., T.G. Nagaraja, and L. Zurek* (2007). Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to cattle by house flies. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 80: 74-81. Ahmad A. and L. Zurek* (2006). Evaluation of the anti-terminator O933 gene as a marker for Escherichia coli O157:H7 with high Shiga toxin production. Current Microbiology 53: 324-328. Alam M.J. and L. Zurek* (2006). Seasonal prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef cattle feces. Journal of Food Protection 69: 3018-3020. Sanderson MW, J.M. Sargeant, X. Shi, T.G. Nagaraja, L.Zurek, M.J. Alam (2006). Longitudinal emergence and distribution of Escherichia coli O157 genotypes in a beef feedlot. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 7614-7619. Macovei L. and L. Zurek* (2006). Ecology of antibiotic resistance genes: Characterization of enterococci from houseflies collected in food settings. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 4028-4035. Ahmad A., A. Broce, and L.Zurek* (2006) Significance of bacteria in development of the secondary screwworm, Cochliomyia macellaria. Journal of Medical Entomology 43: 1129-1133. Romero A., A. Broce, L. Zurek* (2006). Role of bacteria in oviposition behavior and larval development of stable flies. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 20: 115-121. Sirigireddy K.R., Kennedy G.A., Broce A., L.Zurek, R R Ganta. (2006). High prevalence of West Nile virus in Kansas: An increased risk in acquiring infection from a mosquito bite. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 6: 351-360. Mramba F., A. Broce, and L.Zurek* (2006). Isolation of Enterobacter sakazakii from stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans L.). Journal of Food Protection 69: 671-673 Alam M.J. and L.Zurek* (2004). Association of Escherichia coli O157:H7 with house flies (Musca domestica) on a cattle farm. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70: 7578-7580. Zurek L.* and C. Schal (2004). Evaluation of the German cockroach (Blattella germanica) as a vector for verotoxigenic Escherichia coli F18 in confined swine production. Veterinary Microbiology 101: 263-267. Chakrabarti S., S. Kambhampati, T. Grace, and L. Zurek* (2004). Characterization of microsatellite loci of the house fly, Musca domestica. Molecular Ecology Notes 4: 728-730. Gemeno C., L. Zurek, and C. Schal. (2004). Control of the Herpomyces(Ascomycetes: Laboubeniales) infection of wood cockroaches,Parcoblatta law(Blattaria: Blattelidae),with benomyl.Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 85: 132-135. Trexler J.D., C.S. Apperson, L.Zurek, C. Gemeno, C. Schal, M. Kaufman, E.D. Walker, D.W. Watson, and L. Wallace (2003) Role of bacteria in mediating the oviposition responses of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 40: 841-848. Fan Y., L.Zurek, M.J. Dykstra, and C. Schal (2003). Hydrocarbon synthesis by enzymatically dissociated oenocytes of the abdominal integument of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. Naturwissenschaften 90: 121-126. Zurek L.*, D.W.Watson, and C. Schal (2002). Synergism between the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, and boric acid against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. Biological Control 23: 296-302. Zurek L.*, S.B. Krasnoff, D.W.Watson, and C. Schal (2002). Effect of the entomopathogenic fungus, Entomophthora muscae(Zygomycota: Entomophthoraceae) on sex pheromone and other cuticular hydrocarbons of the house fly, Musca domestica . Journal of Invertebrate Pathology80: 171-176. Barbieri E., B.J. Paster, D. Hughes, L. Zurek, D.P. Moser, A. Teske, and M.L. Sogin (2001). Phylogenetic characterization of epibiotic bacteria in the accessory nidamental gland and the egg capsules of the squid Loligo paelei(Cephalopoda: Loliginidae). Environmental Microbiology 3:151-167. Zurek L.*, Denning S.S., Schal C., and D.W. Watson (2001). Vector competence of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Journal of Medical Entomology 38: 333-336. Dugas J.E., Zurek L., Paster B.P., Keddie B.A., and E.R. Leadbetter(2001). Isolation and characterization of the Chryseobacterium strain from the gut of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Archives of Microbiology 175: 259-262. Zurek L.* Schal C., and D.W.Watson (2000). Diversity and contribution of the gastrointestinal bacterial community to the development of Musca domestica(Diptera: Muscidae) larvae. Journal of Medical Entomology 37: 924-928. Zurek L.*and B.A. Keddie (1998). Significance of methanogenic symbionts for development of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Journal of Insect Physiology 44: 645-651. Zurek L.*and B.A. Keddie (1996). Contribution of the colon and colonic anaerobic bacterial flora to the metabolism and development of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L. Journal of Insect Physiology 42: 743-748. II. Pest Management Ahmad A., B. Subramanyam,and L. Zurek (2007). Responses of mosquitoes and German cockroaches to ultrasound emitted from a random ultrasonic generating device. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 123: 25-33 Broce A.B., L. Zurek, J.A. Kalisch, R. Brown, D.L. Leith, D. Gordon, J. Goedeke, C. Welbourn, J. Moser, R. Ochoa, E. Baumgartner, F. Yip, and J. Weber (2006). Pyemotes herfsi(Atari: Pyemotidae), a mite new to North America causing bite outbreaks. Journal of Medical Entomology 43: 610-613. Gore J.C., L.Zurek, R.G. Santangelo, S.M. Stringham, D.W.Watson, and C. Schal (2004). Water solutions of boric acid and sugar for management of German cockroach populations in livestock production systems. Journal of Economic Entomology 97: 715-720. Zurek L.*,J.C.Gore,M.S.Stringham,D.W.Watson,M.G.Waldvogel,and C.Schal(2003).Boric acid dust as a component of an integrated cockroach management program in confined swine production.Journal of Economic Entomology 96: 1362-1366. Watson D.W., S.S. Denning, L.Zurek, S.M. Stringham,and J Elliot. (2003). Effects of lime hydrate on the development of the darkling beetle, Alphitobius diaperinus. International Journal of Poultry Science 2: 91-96. Zurek L.*and B.A. Keddie (2000). Beauveria bassiana(Balsamo) Viullemin - a promising biological control agent of the satin moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology 10: 641- 644. III. Book Chapters Gorham, J.R. and L.Zurek(2006). Arthropods, filth and other foreign objects in food. pp: 74/1 -74/28. In Handbook of Food Sciences Technology and Engineering. 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