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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20101460.tiff INVENTORY OF ITEMS FOR CONSIDERATION • Applicant Todd Creek Village Case Number 2009-xx Metropolitan District Submitted or Prepared Prior to At Hearing Hearing 1 Staff Comments X Department of Planning Services Field Check Form (Aid L.uda,,p.(tv A) X Letter to Applicant X •Affidavit of cign poeting N j q X Legal Notifications X 2 Application X Maps X Deed/Easement Certificate ( I q) X Surrounding Property/Mineral Owners X Utilities ( Al R) X 3 Referral List X • '' Referrals without comment X Weld County Code Compliance Division, received 8/27/09 X X N 4 Referrals with comments X Weld County Paramedic Services, received 10/13/09 X Weld County Planning Commissioner Robert Grand (District 6), received X 9/1/09 Greater Brighton Fire Protection District F-3, received 9/25/09 X Weld County Department of Public Health & Environment, received X 10/25/06 9/.25/09 Todd Creek Metropolitan District, received 10/2/09 X Weld County Finance &Administration Department, received 9/19/09 and X 12/21/09 • X Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT), received 11/9/09 EXHIBIT h2010-1460 • City of Erie, received 9/8/09 (pc, CA*.,r,.t.i.) X Weld County Department of Public Works, received 9/24/09 X Weld County Sheriff's Office, received 10/14/09 X North Front Range Water Quality Planning Association, received 9/23/09 X School District RE-8 (Fort Lupton), received 9/17/09, 9/22/09, 11/20/09 X City of Thornton, received 10/30/09 X N. City of Fort Lupton, received 10/15/09 X City of Dacono, received 9/14/09 X City of Brighton, received 9/24/09 X Colorado State Division of Water Resources, received 8/28/09 X e County Department of Human Services, received 9/28/09 X • 5 Surrounding Property Owners-Letters u/A 6 PC Exhibits X " A Letter from Gerald and Sharlene Krantz dated 1/11/2010 X B Referral from School District Weld RE-8 dated 1/19/2010 X C Referral from School District RE-27J dated 9/10/09 X D Letter from Alvin and Nancy Fichter dated 1/18/2010 X E Applicants Comments regarding the conditions of approval X \ F Letter from Todd Creek Village Metropolitan District dated 1/15/2010 X G CD of the applicants presentation X H Hard copy of the applicants presentation X 7 Plduul ig GUI io3Ioil Resututicm hereby certify that the items identified herein were submitted to the Depart t of P nnin a 'ce t or prior tot scheduled a ing om s ers hearing. • Mich a Martin Planner • \ LAND USE APPLICATION JJJ SUMMARY SHEET WUDC COLORADO Case Name: Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUN') Comprehensive Plan & Weld County Code Amendments Hearing Date: January 19, 2010 Planner: Brad Mueller& Michelle Martin Case Number: 2009-XX Applicant: Todd Creek Village Metropolitan District 10450 East 159th Court Brighton, CO 80602 ("Represent eight fee owners of all properties within the proposed area.) Request: Weld County Comprehensive Plan Amendment to create a new Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA"). • Location: Approximately equidistant from Brighton, Fort Lupton, and Dacono, with adjacency to the Adams County border. The majority of the proposed area lies between County Roads 4 & 6, and between County Roads 17 and 21. Legal Description: Portions of Sections 21, 26, 27, 28 34, and 34, Township 1 North, Range 67 West of the 6th P.M., Weld County, Colorado. (See Application Submittal, Section 5.0, Exhibit #11.) Parcel Numbers: Various, 26 total. (See Application Form.) Size of Parcel: 2,095 +1- acres ISSUES SUMMARIZED FROM APPLICATION MATERIALS The Department of Planning Services' staff has received responses from the following agencies: • Weld County Department of Public Health & Environment, received 10/25/05 • Weld County Sheriffs Office, received 10/14/09 • Weld County Department of Public Works, received 9/24/09 • Weld County Code Compliance Division, received 8/27/09 • Weld County Department of Human Services, received 9/28/09 • Weld County Finance &Administration Department, received 9/19/09 and 12/21/09 • Weld County Paramedic Services, received 10/13/09 • EXHIBIT File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") / Page 1 0gh2oa-I • Colorado State Division of Water Resources, received 8/28/09 • Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT), received 11/9/09 • City of Brighton, received 9/24/09 • City of Dacono, received 9/14/09 • City of Erie, received 9/8/09 • City of Fort Lupton, received 10/15/09 • City of Thornton, received 10/30/09 • School District RE-8 (Fort Lupton), received 9/17/09, 9/22/09, 11/20/09 • North Front Range Water Quality Planning Association, received 9/23/09 • Todd Creek Metropolitan District, received 10/2/09 • Greater Brighton Fire Protection District F-3, received 9/25/09 • Weld County Planning Commissioner Robert Grand (District 6), received 9/1/09 The Department of Planning Services' staff did not receive responses from: • Weld County Attorney's Office • Weld County Extension Office • Weld County Emergency Management Office • Weld County Housing Authority • Weld County Building Division • Colorado State Historical Society • Colorado State Water Conservation Board • Colorado State oil &Gas Conservation Commission • Colorado State Division of Wildlife • West Adams Soil Conservation District • City of Northglenn • Adams County • • Broomfield County • School District RE-27J (Brighton) • Denver Council of Governments Metropolitan Planning Organization • United Power • Fort Lupton Fire Protection District F-5 • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 2 • STAFF REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary II. Application & Staff Recommendation A. Request B. Location C. Staff Recommendation & Compliance with Approval Standards D. Conditions If Approval III. Context A. Background & Pre-Submittal B. Adjacent & Regional Land Uses C. Urban "Sprawl" D. Residential Demand E. Economic Impacts F. Employment IV. Physical Site Characteristics A. Site Characteristics/Constraints B. Soils & Geology C. Floodways & Drainage V. Proposed Services • A. Access & Transportation B. Schools C. Emergency Services D. Water& Sanitation E. Utilities F. Parks, Trails & Recreation G. Social Services H. Library & Cultural Services VI. Conclusion & Summary • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 3 • COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AMENDMENT ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW wok COLORADO Case Name: Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Comprehensive Plan &Weld County Code Amendments Hearing Date: January 19, 2010 Planner: Brad Mueller & Michelle Martin Case Number: 2009-XX Applicant: Todd Creek Village Metropolitan District 10450 East 159th Court Brighton, CO 80602 (**Represent eight fee owners of all properties within the proposed area.) Request: Weld County Comprehensive Plan Amendment to create a new Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA"). • Location: Approximately equidistant from Brighton, Fort Lupton, and Dacono, with adjacency to the Adams County border. The majority of the proposed area lies between County Roads 4 & 6, and between County Roads 17 and 21. Legal Description: Portions of Sections 21, 26, 27, 28 34, and 34, Township 1 North, Range 67 West of the 6th P.M., Weld County, Colorado. (See Application Submittal, Section 5.0, Exhibit#11.) Parcel Numbers: Various, 26 total. (See Application Form.) Size of Parcel: 2,095 +/- acres I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The applicant, Todd Creek Village Metropolitan District, is acting on behalf of eight landowners in south Weld County to undertake a "long-range planning effort to ensure that future development occurs in an attractive & functional manner based on sustainable planning concepts." They propose to undertake this planning of a sub-area by creating a new "Regional Urbanization Area" ("RUA"), as that concept is defined in the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. • The general land use request is to amend the Weld County Comprehensive Plan to plan for File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 4 • urban-level mixed-use development and amenities within a 2,000-acre area along the south Weld County line between 1-25 and Highway 85. More specifically, the request would revise the Urban Development map (a component of the Comprehensive Plan) to include the "Dry Creek RUA," define development standards for the new "Dry Creek RUA" in Chapter 26 of the Weld County Code, and adopt a new "Dry Creek RUA" map (also part of Chapter 26). As proposed, 2,200 to 6,600 dwelling units could be allowed, and limited commercial. After review, Weld County Planning Services Staff recommends denial of the amendment, because the proposal does not maintain the Goals and Policies of the existing Comprehensive Plan or comply with the County's vision for future land use. The submitted amendment does not comprehensively account for future land uses in the greater south Weld County/North Denver Metropolitan region. More specifically, the proposal for a new Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area should be denied because: • The Weld County Comprehensive Plan more strongly encourages urban-scale development in and around existing urban areas, and this application does not provide any evidence that outstanding circumstances exist that would justify development outside of these existing areas, or give cause for the creation of a new such area. The request essentially proposes creation of a new stand-alone town, but without the full range of uses characteristic of towns. • The proposal is wholly reliant on paying for public infrastructure and services via • metropolitan district taxes, homeowner association fees, and developer contributions (passed through to the homebuyer). As an unincorporated community, the site would not benefit from being able to levy sales taxes, which has proven to be a critical mechanism — particularly in the current economic crisis — for financing public services. Furthermore, because future residents would still be paying sales tax— "off-site," as they go to nearby municipalities for goods and services — they essentially would be paying double taxes, without seeing any of the benefits from the sales tax. • The need for additional urban-scale development does not exist, and will not for the standard 20-year planning horizon. This is evidenced by the fact that none of the surrounding municipalities have expressed the interest or ability to annex the proposed area, and by the fact that the amount of existing zoned land in the surrounding region is enough to support the projected future population for 20 years and beyond. For example the City of Dacono currently has zoning or vacant platted lots for 7,168 potential dwelling units. Furthermore, the 30-year build-out model used for purposed of the application suggests either a premature planning process, or an uncertain regional need for additional urban-scale housing. • The application proposes to provide critical water and sewer from opposite geographic directions — sewer from Fort Lupton (to the north), and water from the current Todd Creek Metropolitan District (to the south). The logistics and financing of such a proposal do not seem to suggest successful implementation, since development anywhere on the site would essentially require ultimate build-out extension of either the water or sewer line— a difficult proposition. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 5 • • If the site develops as part of a metropolitan district in unincorporated Weld County, later annexing the properties into a municipality will be difficult or impossible, since revenue streams and services would have to be integrated into the municipal tax structure. • The proposal for urban-scale development directly conflicts with two existing Intergovernmental Agreements ("IGA's") between Weld/Fort Lupton and Weld/Dacono. These IGA's indicate, for significant portions of the proposed Dry Creek RUA, that the County will "disapprove proposals for Urban Development." Furthermore, a separate IGA between Fort Lupton and Brighton indicates that Fort Lupton would not annex south of County Road 6, east of County Road 21. This would limit any possibility of Fort Lupton to annex into this future area, which it nonetheless proposes to serve with sewer under its agreement with the Todd Creek Metropolitan District. This situation also creates the improbable longer-term scenario of Brighton annexing (or wanting to annex) land that has sewer service from another municipality (i.e. Fort Lupton). II. APPLICATION & STAFF RECOMMENDATION A. REQUEST The applicant's request is for an amendment to the Weld County Comprehensive Plan to support urban-level development within a defined area in the vicinity of Weld County Roads 4 and 6, between County Roads 17 and 21. More specifically, this request consists of the following elements: • • Creation of a new Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") in a region of the County currently designated as Non-Urban by the Weld Comprehensive Plan. The boundaries of the proposed RUA are found in the Application Submittal, Section 5.0, Exhibit #11; it is also included with this report as Attachment A. If adopted, this sub- area would be added to the Urban Development Map that is maintained according to UD.Policy 1.3 of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan (Section 22-2-40.A.3 of the Weld County Code). • Adoption of new goals & policies, specific to the Dry Creek RUA. The proposed Dry Creek RUA Goals & Policies are found in the Application Submittal, Section 4.0. If adopted, these goals and policies would be added to Chapter 26 of the Weld County Code. These goals and policies would be applied to any future land use applications (such as a Change of Zone) proposed within the Dry Creek RUA. • Adoption of a new RUA map, showing generalized targeted planning areas and uses; key transportation corridors; general service facilities such as schools, emergency service centers, and parks; and any other key land planning elements. The proposed RUA map is found in the Application Submittal, Section 5.0, Exhibit #12; included with this report as Attachment B is a staff prepared draft RUA map. If adopted, the Dry Creek RUA Map would be added as an Appendix to Chapter 26 of the Weld County Code. The proposed application and Code amendment would be one part of an overall process required in advance of the zoning, platting or any other development of the area at • urban-scale intensity. Because only exemptions, rural residential subdivisions, and uses File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 6 • by special review are generally supported in the non-urban area of the County, an amendment such as the one proposed would be necessary for establishing a new urban area in Weld County. It is important to clarify and acknowledge what this proposal is, and what it is not. The application proposes that the County amend its Comprehensive Plan, which is "a document that serves as the foundation of all land use and development regulations in the County." (Weld Code, Section 22-1-10) The Comprehensive Master Plan, created in compliance with Colorado Revised Statute 30-28-106, provides for the "general location [and] character of . . . development." The Comprehensive Plan does not, in and of itself, confer zoning rights, define lands suitable for development, or create urban-scale parcels eligible to obtain building permits. The Comprehensive Plan and associated area plan do, however, establish the context in which re-zonings, subdivision, platting, and site development may occur. Note that in this report, the terms Regional Urbanization Area (RUA) and Mixed Use Development (MUD) area are used somewhat interchangeably. Code changes enacted in the fall of 2009 are transitioning all references of"MUD areas" to "RUAs." B. LOCATION The proposed Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area (RUA) is proposed for approximately 2,095 acres in southwest Weld County, just north of Adams County. Most of the proposed sub-area lies one mile north of the county line, between County Road 17 • (Quebec) and extending east beyond County Road 21. At its closest reach, the site is within less than a mile of the historic townsite of Wattenburg, along the South Platte River. Among incorporated municipalities, the proposed RUA could be described as a "hole" in the donut. The closest portion of Dacono is approximately one mile to the northwest. Fort Lupton, Brighton, and Thornton city limits each lie approximately two miles from the proposed RUA boundaries. Subtracting approximately 500 acres that are considered "limiting" (i.e., allowing little or no development), approximately 1,500 acres are proposed for future urbanized areas. This compares to other County and regional urban areas as follows: • About the same size as the Town of Eaton • 1/2 the size of the Town of Hudson • 1/3 the size of the City of Fort Lupton • 1 1/2 times the size of the Town of Platteville • 1/8 the size of the Town of Windsor • 1/9 the size of Highlands Ranch (minus conservation region) • 1/3 the size of the Stapleton Redevelopment (at build-out) • '/the size of Reunion (in Commerce City) • '/ the size of Beebe Draw subdivision (including un-built areas) • 1/3 the size of the Town of Mead (including un-built areas) • 1/3 the size of the Pioneer PUD • About the same size as the Town of Keenesburg • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 7 • A middle-level projection of housing units for the site consists of 4,500 dwelling units ("du's"). (A range of 2,200 to 6,600 is indicated in the application, though for regulatory purposes, at time of zoning a cap would have to be defined.) At about 3 people per household, 10,000 du's would result in a population of about 13,500 at build-out. The application suggest a build-out of 30 years, to 2039. A population of 13,500 people compares as follows: • 13,500 = Sterling current population • 12,300 = Dacono & Frederick current population • 7,3000 = Fort Lupton current population • 15,000 = Windsor current population • 18,500 = Evans current population • 32,000 = Brighton current population • 115,000 = Thornton current population • 82,000 = Thornton population in the year 2000 • 251,200 = Year 2008 population for all of Weld • 400,000 = Year 2025 projected population for all of Weld C. STAFF RECOMMENDATION & COMPLIANCE WITH APPROVAL STANDARDS THE DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING SERVICES' STAFF RECOMMENDS THAT THIS REQUFST BE DENIED FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS. A proposed amendment to the Weld County Comprehensive Plan and Weld County Code must meet the three standards listed in Section 22-1-150.B.12 and, in the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, the seven additional standards listed in Section 22-1-150.B.12.e. In the case of the amendment to Chapter 26 and the potential adoption of a new RUA Map, the proposed amendments must follow the procedure listed in Section 26-1-30 ("Amendment procedure" [RUAs]) and Section 1-3-60 ("Amendments to the Code"). See Application Submittal, Page 7 (labeled "Weld County Submittal Requirements Key"), for a chart that describes the applicant's response to the Approval Standards. Staffs analysis is that the proposed amendment does not comply with Sections 22-1-150.B.12.a-c, portions of 22-1-150.B.12.e, portions of 22-2-130 and other relevant elements from the Weld County Comprehensive Plan, nor Sections 26-1- 30 or 1-3-60 of the Weld County Code. Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.a (Need for Revision) "The existing Comprehensive Plan is in need of revision as proposed." Discussion: The applicant argues that the proposed planning area is in the path of significant urban growth, which justifies revising the existing Comprehensive Plan in order to have in File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 8 • place "a "long-range planning effort to ensure that future development occurs in an attractive &functional manner based on sustainable planning concepts." The application further submits data suggesting that new employment and retail are coming to area, citing known examples such as the Vestas manufacturing facility, and projected examples from national retail and employment projection sources. (For a detailed discussion of regional context, see Page 20 of this staff report below.) Furthermore, the applicant cites state-wide population projections to support an argument that significant urban development is likely in the region. Staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard is not met. A long-range sub-area plan is an effective tool for managing future urban growth, and new employment and retail are likely to come to the larger regional area. Staff agrees with these assertions. However, overall the need for revising the Comprehensive Plan is not met at this time, for two reasons. First is timing. Land use and market conditions in the area do not suggest that the timing is such that urban-scale development can be planned or anticipated for the area. The applicant's submittal materials suggest that retail and employment uses will be adequately provided within existing towns and cities. As proposed, the logistics of providing services — water, sewer, police, schools, etc. — are such that they would be extensions of municipal service areas, without the benefit of being in the community. In addition, the municipalities have indicated they are unwilling or unable to annex the sub- area —which further suggests that the timing for such uses is not ripe. • A 30-year build-out, as modeled for purposes of the application, located in an area purported to be quickly-growing, further suggests that planning for the area is premature, particularly in the current economic environment, where many of the fundamental assumptions — a major new E-470 interchange and light rail station, job creation, retail expansion, etc. — are very uncertain. Second is the existing supply of zoning for housing. Municipalities in the region conservatively report zoning and/or unbuilt platted lots equal to 22,000 dwelling units, or approximately a population of 50,000 people. Examples include 7,168 zoned/platted dwelling units in Dacono, and up to 11,000 zoned/platted dwelling units in areas of Thornton located within five miles of the proposed Dry Creek RUA. Population forecasts for all of Weld County do not anticipate an additional 50,000 people until the year 2015. Recognizing that other areas of Weld such as Greeley and the I-25 corridor will absorb some of this population, it will be 2020 before an additional 100,000 people are added countywide. These population forecasts, along with existing zoning/platting for 22,000 dwelling units (conservatively), further support the idea that there is not an overall need to designate an additional urban area in Weld County at this time. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 9 • Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.b (Addresses Changing County Conditions) "Social, economic or land use conditions of the County have changes, if applicable, that would support amending the Comprehensive Plan." Discussion: The applicant cites population growth in Weld County from 2000 - 2007 as 4.4%, noting that the majority of this has taken place in the southern region. They also note an increase of over 100,000 people in the City of Thornton from 2000 -2006 as evidence of changing conditions in the region. As evidence of economic and land use changes in the region, the application notes that the Brighton area is listed high on national retail lists. The applicants also cite plans for a new FasTrack rail station and interchange at E-470 and County Road 17/Quebec within 2 — 3 miles of the proposed RUA as further evidence changing land use conditions. They further suggest that major transportation options (Highway 85, etc.) lie within a 10-minute driving distance. Staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard is not met, despite these assertions. Economic and land use conditions are constantly changing. However, the Comprehensive Plan was last updated just one year ago, in December of 2008, and conditions in the area have not changed significantly enough to merit dramatically amending the Comprehensive Plan to add a new urbanizing sub-area. • While the population of Thornton and, to a much lesser degree, surrounding communities such as Brighton and Dacono and Fort Lupton are increasing, population projections suggest that existing zoning and planning areas for those communities would support future growth for years to come. Similarly, the transportation improvements cited as growth-drivers — the FasTracks station and E-470 Interchange — remain years in the future. Current estimates, which are unreliable, suggest that the North Metro Light Rail Station may not be built until 2015. Similarly, the Quebec/E-470 Interchange, while planned, is not funded or scheduled for construction. Once these improvements are built, then planning for the proposed sub-area may be better supported, and specific planning more credible. Therefore, while the economic and land use conditions may change significantly enough in the future to justify this type of amendment to the Comprehensive Plan, there is not enough evidence that they have to date, or will within the next 20 years. The application is premature, in this respect. Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.c (Consistent with County Goals) "The proposed amendment will be consistent with existing and future goals, policies and needs of the County" Discussion: The applicant argues that the most relevant Goals and Policies are those found in the Weld County Comprehensive Plan concerning RUAs, providing responses in the • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 10 • Application Submittal, Section 3.0, p. 28. Staff agrees that the RUA Goals and Policies form some of the decision-making, and an analysis of the Applicant's responses follows these sections, starting on Page 15 of this report. Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.1 (Diverse Uses & Service Capacity) "In the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, the proposed amendment includes a diversity of land uses and will address the impact on existing or planned service capabilities, including but not limited to all utilities, infrastructure, stormwater infrastructure and transportation systems." Discussion: The applicants indicate that the proposed 3-square mile RUA would enable diverse housing types, retail activity and some employment. Furthermore, they suggest that "by planning for urbanization and allowing higher densities closest to existing urban areas, economies of scale can be realized by the public service providers." (Application Submittal, page 19) The applicant provides information as to how services could be provided for water and sanitary sewer, utilities, schools, law enforcement, emergency services, transportation, park and recreation, social services, and library services. (Application Submittal, pp. 16 —23) For a detailed discussion of proposed services, see Section V, page 24 of this staff report below. Staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard is not met. • Providing services is a function of being able to fund those services, being able to physically deliver such services, and being able to manage the logistics of service delivery. The application only proposes conceptual funding mechanisms, without the benefit of knowing how or when those mechanisms could and would be realized. Those suggested include metropolitan districts, homeowners' associations, land/facility dedications, impacts fees, and developer contributions. (See Table #5, page 23, Submittal Application.) While not all funding can be anticipated or developed early in the development phase, an accurate funding analysis — such as what would be provided with a metropolitan district's service plan — is necessary to ensure adequate service capacity. Second, the ability to physically deliver services is questionable. Designating this area as an RUA requires the improbable scenario of providing sewer pipelines from the north, and water pipes from the south. This implies that the first home constructed would require that the entire build-out length of either the sewer or water pipe be built. Another concern with physically delivering services is with water; the application does not provide detailed information about whether the current Todd Creek Metro District, which proposes to provide water, has either ownership or purchase rights to water, in amounts adequate to serve the proposed RUA. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 11 • Third, the logistics of service delivery are in question. Without the benefits of municipal services, even lesser services such as the organization of recreational athletic leagues and snowplowing become complicated and uncertain. These, and other similar services, would be rightfully expected by future residents living in an urban-scale development. Finally, significant barriers to funding and implementing services exist. (The Conditions listed below in the case of the Planning Commission's recommendation of approval are largely designed to address how services could logistically be provided.) A major barrier is that municipal sales tax will never be a revenue stream available to augment services for residents at the site. Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.2 (Impacts to Environment) "In the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, the proposed amendment will address impacts on the natural environment." Discussion: The applicant suggests Goals and Policies that would apply to the proposed Dry Creek RUA (as an amendment to Chapter 26 of the Weld Code). These Goals and Policies are drafted for topics such as drainage, groundwater, wildlife, and vegetation. (See Application Submittal, pp. 61 — 65.) The draft RUA Map includes "Limiting Factors" areas that limit or mitigate the effects of development in constrained and sensitive areas. The applicant also provides an analysis of the existing natural environment. (Application Submittal, Appendix C, Sections 3.0 — 9.0) The application seems to suggest a general • conclusion that there are some unique features — limited prime agricultural land, historic irrigation ditches, some riparian areas, below-ground mineral resources — but that these elements of the natural environment can be accommodated by development or would be minimally impacted. Staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard can be met, with the requirements suggested by the application for amendment to Chapter 26, as suggested for revision by the proposed Conditions of Approval, should the Commission recommend approval. Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.3 (Compatibility) "In the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, the proposed land use is compatible with the existing and surrounding land uses." Discussion: The application suggests that the social, economic and land use conditions of the region have changed and are changing, and that as such, the proposed RUA would provide a planning context compatible with the surrounding land uses. Furthermore, the applicant indicates that new Goals and Policies (proposed as revisions to Chapter 26 of the Weld Code) for planning areas within the RUA will ensure future compatibility, both within the RUA and at its boundary. (See Application Submittal, pp. 41, 43, and 45.) Values expressed in the County Charter (and throughout the Weld County Code) are sensitive to the rights of landowner applicants. Under current zoning, the applicant and • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 12 • those represented by the applicant are allowed a wide range of agricultural uses, as well as many potential commercial-type uses through the use by special review process. Other additional landowner rights may already exist as part of the "bundle of land rights" — water, mineral, oil and gas, and air rights, for example. Any amendment to the Comprehensive Plan must balance the impacts of potential new, expanded property rights against the current rights of other landowners in the County. Staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard can be met, if design requirements within the proposed language for Chapter 26 are strengthened to ensure that the edges of the RUA contain lower densities that transition to the rural densities surrounding the proposed sub-area. These design issues would ultimately be resolved at the time of Change of Zone. Alternatively, the County may want to simply recognize that a high- density urban edge is preferable to the attempt to "feather" densities, when planning for urban development. The proposed Conditions of Approval address the issues of compatibility, should the Commission recommend approval. Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.4 (Resident Services) "In the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, the proposed number of new residents will be adequately served by the social amenities, such as schools and parks of the community." Discussion: The application suggests a population of between 6,500 and 19,700 (although as a regulatory document, at rezoning any adopted RUA would need to specify a maximum). Using the analyzed amount of 13,350, the applicant indicates a need — based on Brighton and Fort Lupton School District student generation rates — of three Kindergarten-8th Grade schools, and 1 high school. Conceptual site locations are proposed on the draft RUA Map. Referral comments were only received from the Fort Lupton School District, and they did not disagree with the student generation rates. (They did, however, express other concerns; see "Schools" discussion below.) The application does not attempt to define how many park or park acreage should be required of future development in order to adequately serve the proposed future population of 13,350. It does, however, propose parks and trails "at the county dedication standards." (Note that the County does not currently have quantified land dedication standards, though a goal of the Comprehensive Plan is to develop these. Local norms along the Front Range have been used in the past to define this amount.) For a more detailed discussion of proposed park and trail standards, see Section V, page 27 of this staff report below. The application does not address cultural social amenities, such as those for the arts or community gatherings. Staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard might able to be met, with the requirements suggested by the application for amendment to Chapter 26, and as suggested for revision by the proposed Conditions of Approval, should the Commission recommend approval. However, funding for the parks, recreational, and cultural components cannot likely be adequately provided for without a sales tax. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 13 • Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.5 (Employment Opportunities) "In the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, local, accessible employment opportunities exist, and there is an integrated balance of housing and employment." Discussion: The applicant provides data is from the Colorado Department of Labor and Employment, producing a map of current jobs per square mile. (See Application Submittal, Exhibit #3) The map shows less than 250 jobs per mile in the immediate area; areas with more than 250 jobs per square mile are located in Brighton to the east, and approximately 3 miles south of Highway E-470 in Thornton. The applicants also suggest that existing or planned infrastructure in the region will result in more employment opportunities in the immediate area in the next 20 years (citing Vestas Manufacturing as one example). The applicant argues that the proposed plan represents an integrated, but somewhat limited, balance of land uses that is nonetheless appropriate for this particular location along the Front Range. They cite a significant amount of regional commercial and employment uses as a reason to promote up to only 187,000 square feet of commercial uses on site, mostly in smaller Mixed-use Neighborhood Centers; four such centers are proposed on the draft RUA Map. (For size comparison, a typical supermarket store is about 45,500 square feet.) • Staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard is not met. Access to jobs and commercial services is a very important function of urban-scale communities. The Weld County Comprehensive Plan supports this concept of urban form, by indicating that RUAs should be based on employment development and plan for commercial components. (Section 22-2-130.B & C, Weld County Code) While regional employment centers and retail destinations can be expected to supply some of the needs of any urban community, they should not be the only economic drivers for that community. As such, the Dry Creek RUA, as proposed, does not provide for an "integrated balance" between these uses and housing. Furthermore, such limited commercial and employment activity prohibit the realization of any future sales tax, which further discourages economic balance. In addition, there is a discrepancy in the housing types proposed (i.e. high-cost), versus the jobs generated or available in the area (i.e., low-paying). Such discrepancy is another indicator that a proposal for urban-scale development in the area is not ripe. (See discussion below, "Measuring Sprawl and Its Impact", Page 22.) Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.6 (Adequate Services) "In the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, the proposed amendment has demonstrated that adequate services are currently available or reasonably obtainable." • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 14 • Discussion: The application argues that all important urban services are reasonably obtainable for the site. It cites an existing Intergovernmental Agreement ("IGA") between the City of Fort Lupton and the Todd Creek Metropolitan District (the applicant) as reasonable evidence that sewer can be provided to the site, and the District's own adopted service area and water resources as further evidence to provide future water. The applicant's proposal for how other services could be available is discussed above, and in Section V, Page 24 of this staff report below.) For the reasons noted in the Discussion of Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.1 above, staff's analysis is that this Approval Standard is not met. Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12.e.7 (Referral Responses) "In the case of any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area, referral agency responses have been received and considered." Discussion: A total of 19 referral agencies responded. Their comments are integrated into the services narratives listed below in this staff report; in other cases, their responses form the basis of the Conditions of Approval that are recommended by planning staff. The applicant has also responded to various referral agencies. Their response correspondence is found as Appendix D. In some cases, the applicant has provided • additional information as requested by the agency; in others, they have explained how they agree (or disagree) with an agency's response. The applicant's correspondence also indicates which conditions or changes proposed by the referral agencies they have already agreed to in writing. Compliance with the Goals & Policies of the Comprehensive Plan The applicant argues that the most relevant Goals and Policies are those found in the Weld County Comprehensive Plan concerning RUAs, providing responses in the Application Submittal, Section 3.0, p. 28. Staff agrees with this approach, and staff's analysis of their responses follows. Only key criteria are analyzed, but it is important to note that all County Goals and Policies form the basis for determining how the application complies with the Comprehensive Plan and County Code. RUA.Goal 1. Plan and manage growth using new and existing Regional Urbanization Areas. Discussion: County policies indicate that an "RUA" is a policy "tool that facilitates opportunities that might not otherwise be available" for a particular geographic area. The applicant suggests that the proposed area is unique because it generally lies outside the planning horizons of any of the neighboring municipalities. Because of this, they point to the County and the RUA tool as the logical mechanism for managing growth that is likely as part of the Denver metro expansion. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 15 • Staff's analysis is that this Goal is not met by the proposed application. As noted above in the Discussion for Approval Standard Section 22-1-150.B.12, a long-range sub-area plan such as the RUA can be an effective tool for managing future urban growth. However, as proposed, the Dry Creek RUA does not adequately account for the timed need for such development, nor meet other standards for an RUA, as discussed elsewhere in this report. RUA.Policy 1.2. Consider urban development within existing, expanded, or newly-created Regional Urbanization Areas; AND, RUA.Policy 1.3. Prioritize infill of existing RUAs. Discussion: Last year's Comprehensive Plan update process identified new RUAs as one potential land use tool available to landowners, in contrast to limiting urban growth only to existing municipalities, municipal IGA areas, county-defined urban growth boundaries based on existing sewer, places where urban infrastructure is currently available or reasonably obtainable, or the existing 1-25 or Southeast Weld RUAs. Staff's analysis is that these Policies are not met by the proposed application. As proposed, a new RUA in the manner suggested could result in a "super subdivision" with significant impacts to the area municipalities. The proposal does not realistically account for the likelihood of continued urban-scale development directly along the 1-25 and Highway 85 corridors, whether • developed ultimately within the municipalities or incrementally within unincorporated Weld County. By not coordinating land uses with the towns, the types of problems that can result from not supporting these two Policies, such as incompatible adjacent land uses, are very likely to occur. A better process would be a comprehensive independent land use planning effort for the entire south Weld County region, sponsored jointly by the governments of the municipalities in the area and the County. RUA.Goal 4. New development within Regional Urbanization Areas should pay its own way. Discussion: The applicant argues that new development can be required to pay its way by virtue of the RUA planning framework. The application proposes policies and requirements for funding sources that should be required at the time of future requests for Change of Zoning (and other land development proposals). (See Applicant Submittal, pp. 22 — 24, and p. 47. Note a methodology error should result in Total Estimated Property Tax Revenues of $5,569,149, versus what is shown.) Analysis provided in the application suggests that roughly half of future public costs at build-out would be provided by property tax revenue. The remainder of revenue, it indicates, would be from a proposed metropolitan special taxing district, homeowners' associations, land and facilities dedications, and direct construction/contributions by future builders and developers. Regional impacts • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 16 • fees or other taxing districts (such as a Law Enforcement Authority) could also be used. Staff's analysis is that this Goal is not met by the proposed application. There is enough uncertainty in the proposed funding mechanisms to make reaching this RUA Goal doubtful. The application only proposes conceptual funding mechanisms. Without the benefit of a metropolitan service plan, for example, the true costs of providing infrastructure, versus projected revenue, cannot be estimated accurately. However — very significantly — even with this information, one irresolvable fact that remains is that municipal sales tax will never be a revenue stream available to augment services for residents at the site. In light of the current credit and financial crisis, coupled with Colorado State taxing limitations, it has become clear that all public sources of revenue need to be available in order to ensure the full range of services expected by urban residents today. In referrals dated 9/19/09 and 12/21/09, the Weld County Finance Department, Don Warden, speaks in detail about the need and importance of sales tax to the financing of development as proposed. RUA.Goal 5. Ensure the efficient and cost-effective delivery of adequate public facilities and services within a Regional Urbanization Area that provides for the health, safety, and welfare of the present and future residents of the County. RUA.Policy 5.1. Ensure adequate facilities such as schools and satellite • stations for police, fire, and ambulance, and encourage the siting of co- located facilities and equipment. RUA.Policy 5.2. Provide land for public facilities and public services. Discussion: The application suggests that land dedications would be required for schools, a fire station, parks, and utility sites. (See Application Submittal, p. 35 — 54.) However, key facilities are missing from the proposed RUA map, including a community park, library site, cultural center, fire/sheriff site, etc. Approval Standard Section 26-1-30 (RUA Map) "Individuals may submit a proposal to amend the RUA Map in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 22-1-150 of this Code." Discussion: The application proposes a Dry Creek RUA Land Use Map, consistent with RUA.Policy 1.1 of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan, and as indicated by the new RUA submittal requirements of Section 22-1-150.B.5.(15). (Applicant Submittal, Section 5.0, Exhibit#12) The proposed Dry Creek RUA Map includes the following generalized targeted planning areas and uses: Suburban Neighborhoods, Estate Neighborhoods, Mixed Use Neighborhoods (which would allow commercial), and Limiting Site Factors areas. Each • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 17 • of these is defined and discussed in the text that is proposed for inclusion in Chapter 26 (found in Application Submittal, Page 28). In addition, the proposed Dry Creek RUA Map includes requirements and general geographic locations for the following: three K-8 school sites, one high school site, a Regional Trail, two buffer condition areas, and defined improved roadways. Staff's analysis is that the Goals and Policies of the Weld Comprehensive Plan are not met by the proposed RUA Map. Urban social amenities include a complex mix of urban design elements — walkable streets, attractive architecture, and a defined sense of "community" and "identity." Some of these elements are difficult to summarize; others include basic items such as parks, trails, shopping, and institutional uses — churches, libraries, recreation centers, and civic buildings. Many of these items have not been defined by the proposal. The structural land use plan offers very few mixed uses, and lacks those elements that define an authentic "community." In its referral dated September 25, 2009, the Weld County Environmental Health Department note that such urban design elements promote healthy lifestyles and reduces health care costs, and that retail, religious, and public gatherings areas should be designed with the livability of residents in mind. Conditions are recommended below • that would modify the proposed RUA Map to include general designated areas for a Regional Park, emergency services (sheriff/fire), and a regional library. Approval Standard Section 1-3-60 (Amendments to the Code) "Ordinances and parts of ordinances adopted by the Board of County Commissioners or by initiative or referendum after the adoption of this code shall be adopted in the form of amendments to this Code, referring to the specific section or other portion of the code being amended." Discussion: The creation of a new Dry Creek RUA requires that all three elements discussed above be provided — creation of a new RUA area on the Urban Development Map; adoption of new Goals and Policies specific to the Dry Creek RUA and added to Chapter 26 of the Weld County Code, and adoption of a new Dry Creek RUA Map. If any of these three elements is missing, remains undefined, or is not approved for adoption, then the RUA may not be created. The process of legal notifications, a press release, the referral process, and agency meetings sponsored by the applicant are some of the ways in which this request for an amendment to the Comprehensive Plan is being processed in a fair manner, consistent with this Approval Standard. The recommendation of denial is based upon the specific criteria required of the Weld County Code, as discussed above. It is also based, in part, upon a review of the application materials • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 18 • submitted by the applicant, other relevant information regarding the request, and responses from referral entities. D. CONDITIONS IF APPROVAL Should the Planning Commission choose to recommend approval of the Comprehensive Plan Amendment to the Board of County Commissioners, staff recommends the following conditions of such approval: 1. Prior to scheduling a hearing before the Board of County Commissioners, the applicant shall submit the following to the Weld County Department of Planning Services. a. Modify the RUA Map Application Submittal, Section 5.0, Exhibit #12 to reflect the following: 1. Add two additional K-8 Schools 2. Add a future transit parking site 3. Add a library site 4. Add a Community Park site 5. Add a Cultural facilities / Recreation Center site 6. Add a fire/ sheriff site 7. Clearly illustrate the Estate Neighborhood 8. Add buffers south and west of the Estate Neighborhood and along the northern boundary of the RUA from the Estate Neighborhood to CR 21. Also continue to the buffer along the southeastern portion of the site. • 9. Rename "Trail Connections" to "Regional Trails" b. The applicant shall define the following elements in terms of goals and policies for potential inclusion into chapter 26 of the Weld County Code: 1. Employment Centers 2. Revise the proposed amendments to Chapter 26 of the Weld County Code. The applicant proposed that Section 4.0 (Application Submittal) be included in Chapter 26 of the Weld County Code. Planning staff recommends the changes as found in Attachment J. 3. Prior to submitting a Sketch Plan for either a portion or all of the RUA, future applicants shall address the following items: a. Provide evidence of an attempt to enter into a pre-annexation agreement with Fort Lupton b. Submit and have approved a Title 32 Special District. c. Provide a "master transportation plan" that shows the hierarchy of roads to be constructed, traffic capacities, and timing of construction tied to the development phasing plan, for review by Weld County Public Works, as indicated in their referral of September 24, 2009. d. Provide a multi-basin wide master plan for stormwater for review by Weld County Public Works, as indicated in their referral of September 24, 2009. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 19 • e. Provide evidence of an agreement with the school districts to provide a voluntary capital construction school fee. f. Verify water in terms of quality, quantity, dependability as being fiscally, physically, and logistically available. g. Develop a Recreation District h. Form a Law Enforcement Authority III. CONTEXT A. BACKGROUND & PRE-SUBMITTAL In preparation for submitting, the applicant conducted various stakeholder meetings. Three open house meetings were held in the Spring 2009 for all landowners in the south Weld County region between Highway 85 and 1-25. Attendance was generally good, and planning staff members attended only to provide input about Weld County regulations concerning urban development. The applicant also met individually with various landowners during these months. During this timeframe, the Board of County Commissioners provided guidance on the submittal requirements for proposed amendments to create a new RUA, and the applicant finalized which landowners would participate in the RUA application process. The applicant indicates that they also met with a variety of stakeholders, including area • municipalities and referral agencies. Planning staff has independently confirmed the applicant's discussions with municipalities in particular. In preparing for application, the Dry Creek Metropolitan District indicates it contacted over 40 agencies, as summarized in Table #13 (found in Section 5.0, Application Submittal). B. ADJACENT & REGIONAL LAND USES All of the properties adjacent to the proposed sub-area are zoned (A) Agricultural. In addition to traditional farming and ranching, the (A) Agricultural Zone District allows a wide range of commercial and industrial uses. Residential densities are limited to one residence per legal lot. Generally, lots surrounding the proposed RUA are about 80 acres in size, with the smallest being about 10 acres. Land uses that immediately surround the site include dryland and irrigated farming, as well as fallow lands. Some more intense land uses are in the immediate vicinity — permits for a natural gas facility and control substation (Use by Special Review Permit Nos. 2ndAmUSR-589, 3rdAmUSR-778), gravel mining (USR-1533), a landscaping business (USR-1376), a kennel (USR-1261), and a meeting hall (USR-980). Regionally the land uses are more varied. A built large-lot development — Todd Creek Village — is located immediately to the south, within Adams County. The majority of the Todd Creek subdivision is built-out. The historic unincorporated Weld townsite of Wattenburg is located approximately '/ mile to the east of the site. There is only one county Rural Residential subdivision anywhere in the area — the 4-lot Jacobucci subdivision located a mile southwest of the proposed site. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 20 • The proposed sub-area lies about 2 miles from Highway 85, and about 4 miles from Interstate 25. Four municipalities are within the region. Dacono lies approximately 1 mile to the northwest. Portions of Fort Lupton lie 2 miles to the east, as do portions of Brighton. Thornton city limits are within 1 mile of the southeast portion of the proposed sub-area. Northglenn is located 2 miles to the west, and City and County of Broomfield 3 miles to the west, though neither is expected to expand. The proposed Dry Creek RUA falls nearly completely outside of the land planning areas defined by the surrounding municipalities in their respective comprehensive plans. There are two exceptions. The northwest corner of the proposed sub-area (within Section 21) of about 80 acres overlaps Dacono's planning area. Similarly, all of Section 28 -- the western third of the proposed RUA-- lies within Thornton's comprehensive plan map, where it is anticipated as future "residential estate." Four Intergovernmental Agreements ("IGAs") are known to apply to portions of the land proposed for the Dry Creek RUA. (See Attachment C map.) The first two are with Weld County. The Dacono-Weld IGA defines the "Southern Weld Planning Area," encompassing much of Section 28, in which a policy applies that "the COUNTY will disapprove all proposals for Urban Development" to the extent legally possible. (Section 19-2-60.B, Weld County Code) Similarly, in the Fort Lupton-Weld IGA the County agrees to "disapprove proposals for Urban Development in areas of the MUNICIPAL Referral Area outside the Urban Growth Area," which encompasses most of the eastern half of the proposed RUA. (Section 19-12-50.B) • A Fort Lupton-Brighton land use IGA commits each city to not annex on either side of County Road 6, west to County Road 21. This means that the eastern third of the proposed RUA, within Sections 26 and 35, if annexed in the future would have to be annexed by Brighton, despite the proposal that Fort Lupton provide sewer service to the site. Fourth, an IGA between Thornton and the Todd Creek Farms Metropolitan District No. 1 (asserted by Thornton to be a predecessor to Todd Creek Village Metropolitan District, the applicant) indicates that the District will not expand to provide service within the City's Development Area. (As noted above, Section 28 lies within Thornton's comprehensive planning area.) The entire proposed Dry Creek RUA also lies within the Weld portion of the Denver Regional Council of Governments ("DRCOG") Metropolitan Planning Organization ("MPO") area, a transportation planning district. Weld County is eligible for regional transportation planning and funding in this area, but it is not subject to the land use planning policies represented by the council of governments aspect of DRCOG. C. URBAN "SPRAWL" Another way to determine the characteristics of a potential new urban area is to discuss what it should not be. Policy-makers, Weld citizens, and the Weld County Comprehensive Plan warn against the dangers of "sprawl," so any proposed new Regional Urbanization Area must be designed around policies that avoid the characteristics of sprawl. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 21 • "Measuring Sprawl and Its Impact" (Smart Growth America, 2001) is one of the most comprehensive attempts to quantify and define sprawl. It focuses on the following four factors that determine the level of sprawl, "the process in which the spread of development across the landscape far outpaces population growth." 1) Residential density "Residential density is the most widely recognized indicator of sprawl. Spread-out suburban subdivisions are a hallmark of sprawl, and can make it difficult to provide residents with adequate nearby shopping or service, civic centers, or transportation options. Yet higher density does not necessarily mean high-rises. Densities that support smart growth can be as low as six or seven houses per acre, typical of many older urban single-family neighborhoods. Such densities allow neighborhoods that can support convenience stores, small neighborhood schools, and more frequent transit service." ("Measuring Sprawl and Its Impact," p. 9) 2) Neighborhood mix of homes, jobs, and services "One of the characteristics of sprawl is the strict segregation of different land uses. In sprawling regions, housing subdivision are typically separated — often by many miles — from shopping, offices, civic centers, and even schools. This separation of uses is what requires every trip to be made by • car, and can result in a "jobs-housing imbalance" in which workers cannot find housing close to their place of work. More traditional development patterns tend to mix different land uses, often placing housing near shops, or offices above storefronts. Measuring the degree of mix is therefore an important descriptor of sprawl." ("Measuring Sprawl and Its Impact," p. 10) 3) Strength of activity centers and metropolitan centers "Metropolitan centers, be they downtowns, small towns, or so-called "edge cities," are concentrations of activity that help businesses thrive, and support alternative transportation modes and multipurpose trip making. They foster a sense of place in the urban landscape. Centeredness can be represented by concentrations of either population or employment. It can also reflect a single dominant center or multiple subcenters Centering appears to operate quite independently of residential density; metro areas can have strong centers with or without high density." ("Measuring Sprawl and Its Impact," p.11) 4) Accessibility of the street network Street networks can be dense or sparse, interconnected or disconnected. Blocks carved out by streets can be short and small, or long and large. Busy arterials that are fed by residential streets that end in cul-de-sacs are typical of sprawl; they create huge super-blocks that concentrate automobile traffic • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 22 • onto a few routes and hamper accessibility via transit, walking and biking. Compact development generally includes a network of interconnected streets with shorter blocks that allow greater accessibility and a broader choice of routes for drivers, pedestrians, and cyclists." ("Measuring Sprawl and Its Impact," p.12) D. RESIDENTIAL DEMAND Households in a 5-mile radius around the propose sub-area are reported to be slightly larger and a bit younger than those in the entire Denver Metropolitan Area (i.e., the eight county region surrounding Denver). They earn about 95% of the median household income of the Denver Metro Area. (Applicant Submittal, Appendix C, Section 2.0.5) Without elaboration, the application indicates that 325 new residences will be demanded within a 5-mile radius within the next 5 years. The application also suggests that "over the next 30 years, demand for new home construction is projected to increase to over 425 per year," although it does not clarify when or how that increase will accelerate. (Application Submittal, Appendix C, Section 2.2.6) Considering that a 5-mile radius includes major sections of Brighton, Dacono, and Thornton, absorption of the 300+ homes over the next 5 years would seem to be easily accommodated in these municipalities. E. ECONOMIC IMPACTS Little is provided concerning the economic impact to area municipalities. The cities of • Brighton, Thornton and Fort Lupton express concern in the referral comments that the proposed RUA would be detrimental to municipalities in the region and impact their future commercial growth. F. EMPLOYMENT The submittal indicates more than 1,000 employers within a 5-mile radius of the site. (Application Submittal, Appendix C, Section 2.1.1) These account for between 7,377 and 9,176 employees. Key employers are government (local, school, post office, etc.), medical, retail, and service (Halliburton, Leed Fabrication, etc.). Vestas Wind Systems is expected to employee up to 1,350 workers at the new Brighton facility. IV. PHYSICAL SITE CHARACTERISITICS A. SITE CHARACTERISTICS / CONSTRAINTS The site is characterized by a mixture of natural vegetation and farming, along with a dispersed pattern of rural urban residences. Natural vegetation in the region consists mainly of short grass prairie, and some riparian areas bisect the proposed RUA as well, containing Plains cottonwood, willows, and, increasingly, some invasive species such as Russian olive and tamarisk. Overall land cover in the area, however, is dryland farming and irrigated cropland. Winter wheat is the predominant crop in the area. Less than 10% of the area is considered prime farmland of statewide importance, as identified by • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 23 • the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Natural Resource Conservation Services, but the vast remainder is considered "prime if irrigated." B. SOILS & GEOLOGY The site is characterized by loam/clay loam soils that are deep, well-drained, and slow- to-moderate permeable. Along the Big Dry Creek, soils are Weld and Olney. The majority of the site is flat, with the highpoint located to the southeast of the proposed area. No significant geo-hazards have been identified in the area at this time. The subject property is located south of, but not on, strippable coal resources. C. FLOODPLAIN & DRAINAGE Big Dry Creek, which has its origins in Stanley Lake in Westminster, runs south-north diagonally through the western third of the proposed sub-area. Big Dry Creek has not be confined or channelized significantly by development activity and is still allowed to meander naturally. Some significant erosion problems exist along the channel, forming vertical soil cliffs on some outside banks of the stream. Irrigation ditches that run parallel to Big Dry Creek make both the ditches and the stream susceptible to flash flooding. Approximate 100-year Flood Boundaries were delineated over 25 years ago by the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA). These are approximate and would have to be further defined if specific development is proposed for the area in proximity to Big Dry Creek. It is also likely that channel stabilization and on-line regional detention basins would be necessary as flood control measures. Drainage on the proposed RUA all runs to the north and is part of the much larger • watershed that feeds Big Dry Creek. Big Dry Creek Box Elder Creek is a tributary of the South Platte River. Urban drainage criteria would need to be met to address stormwater impacts. A stormwater plan would integrate water quality and water quantity control. V. PROPOSED SERVICES A. ACCESS &TRANSPORATION Regional vehicular access to the site would come from primarily from County Road 6 (east-west, leading to both 1-25 and Highway 85), and, from the south, via County Road 17 (Quebec), County Road 19 (Yosemite), and County Road 21 (no direct connection to the Denver metro grid). The submittal indicates that approximately 50,700 external vehicle-trips will be generated on an average weekday, at projected build-out in 2035. A significant number of these trips will be oriented east/west, with approximately 30,000 Average Daily Trips projected in 2035 to go in each direction, towards both the 1-25 and Highway 85 corridors. Average Daily Trips in 2030 going south are projected to be less, with the highest amount along County Road 17 (Quebec) at 25,000. ("Traffic Impact Analysis: Dry Creek RUA," LSC Transportation Consultant, Inc., July 30, 2009, Application Submittal Appendix A.) • File 2009-xx, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 24 • The application indicates a number of improvements that would be required for these regional roads. (Application Submittal, pp. 25 & "Traffic Analysis" [Application Appendix Al, pp. 22) The application also acknowledges access limitations and traffic control improvements that would be required. Weld County Public Works, in their referral dated September 24, 2009, did not disagree with these findings, and indicated that such improvements be required prior to, or as a condition of, application for any Sketch Plan of the area. A "Dry Creek RUA Master Transportation Plan," modifications to the draft RUA Map, and Access Control Criteria to be added in the Development Standards for Chapter 26 are all listed as proposed Conditions of Approval, should the RUA be adopted. It is possible that significant improvements that are located well off-site, such as at the intersection of County 6 and Highway 85 or widening of the bridge across the Platte River, would be required to be committed prior to future development of the RUA. These were not identified or specifically committed to in the submittal. Rather, these would be identified in the Dry Creek RUA Master Transportation Plan referred to above, and required at the time of zoning. The concept of a "commuter-shed," or the areas to which residents would need to commute, is another measurement of both transportation and services demand. The applicant's submittal does not offer a detailed analysis or mapping of this, but the submitted TDVMD IGA Study Area Report provides some insights. (Applicant Submittal, Appendix C, TDVMD IGA Study Area Report, Section 2.1.9 & Regional Employment Map 2006) Per the submittal, if residents were living in the proposed RUA today, the • following activity centers would be located 30 minutes from the site: • 1-25 & 1-70 in Denver metro area • North Commerce City • Broomfield Tech Center • 1-25 & Highway 66 • Gilcrest • Hudson It is important to note that commuter times to these destinations will increase over time as new stoplights and congestion are introduced into the regional system. B. SCHOOLS School service would be provided primarily by Weld County School District RE-8 (Fort Lupton). A small portion of the proposed RUA — about 20% -- lies within School District RE-27J (Brighton). In its three referral letters dated September 17, September 22, and November 20, 2009 the Fort Lupton School District did not disagree with the applicant's demand analysis of 2,850 new students at build-out. The applicant concludes that this would require three new K-8 schools and one new high school for the mid-level population projection. Two additional elementary sites would be required for the maximum number of dwelling units. • The Dry Creek RUA Map reflects the approximate location of these sites, which should File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 25 • be dedicated at the time of subdivision. The minimum lot sizes for schools are reflected in the Development Standards proposed as Chapter 26. A school foundation could be formed to allow for voluntary contributions made by developers in conjunction with the creation of a Dry Creek RUA, but the School District indicates that this is only a partial solution to what would be required is projected to be for the newly proposed development to pay its own way in terms of constructing the newly-required schools. C. EMERGENCY SERVICE As an unincorporated area, law enforcement would be provided by the Weld County Sheriff's Department. The application suggests that because higher-cost homes are projected for the site that per-capita sheriff services will be lower, but it also suggests that land for a sub-station could be dedicated and a Law Enforcement Authority taxing district could be formed to fund service. In its referral comments from October 14, 2009, the Sheriff's Office requests that a Law Enforcement Authority ("LEA") be required; additional taxes from this authority, up to seven mills, would help pay for urban-level safety services. The existing Greater Brighton Fire Protection District would serve the majority of the site. A small portion of the proposed RUA lies within the Mountain View Fire Protection District. The Brighton Fire District, in its referral dated September 25, 2009, indicates that land dedication of 2.5 acres would be necessary to partially accommodate the • increased services demands that would accompany an urban population. D. WATER & SANITATION The applicant suggests the use of a State Title 32 metropolitan district, a type of quasi- governmental taxing and service authority, to fund water and sanitation service for the future residents of the proposed RUA. The applicant suggests that Fort Lupton would provide sewer service to the site; the City of Fort Lupton's 208 Sewer Service Boundary was amended in 2007 to include the subject site, and the City has executed an Intergovernmental Agreement with the Todd Creek Metropolitan District to serve the area. Water is proposed to be provided through contract to the Todd Creek Metropolitan District to the south. The District has amended their internal future service area plans to include the proposed RUA and a greater area around the RUA. However, as with sewer, a new metropolitan taxing district (or an expansion of the existing one) would have to be established. New metropolitan districts, or existing ones that are proposed for a material modification, must be approved by the Board County Commissioners, if located in unincorporated portions of the County. The application includes some information about Todd Creek Metropolitan District water. (Attachment G) However, neither the amount of water that would be demanded at build- out nor the legal or physical source for future water are defined. It appears that future development within the RUA would have to provide water to the project, without • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 26 • identifying potential sources or likely costs. In order to evaluate whether there is an adequate level of water service for the future, the quality, quantity, and dependability should be defined, and it should be demonstrated that the water is reasonably available fiscally, physically, and logistically. E. UTILITIES United Power would provide electricity to the site, while Xcel Energy would provide natural gas service. Qwest and Comcast would provide phone, cable, and communications service. An overhead transmission line runs east-west through the proposed area, which likely would need to be developed around. A regional natural gas line and water lines associated with Aurora's Prairie Water Project are located just east of the proposed RUA. F. PARKS, TRAILS, & RECREATION The applicant proposes parks on three scale levels: Neighborhood, Local, and Community. (These are called "Pocket," "Local," and Regional" in the Submittal Application, Page 53, but they are proposed to be re-named as a Condition of Approval, in order to be consistent with the terms used in other parts of Weld County.) The standards proposed for inclusion in Chapter 26 of the Weld County Code indicate that • Neighborhood Parks should be found within each subdivision and located so as to be within '/ mile of any given residence. Local Parks are to be available for multi-use fields and more extensive play equipment, and should be found within a ''A mile of all residences. Community Parks support community events and gatherings, as well as formal recreational sports and extensive facilities. Staff's preliminary analysis is that the RUA should contain one Community Park of 50-acres, based on Front Range park land dedication standards, although this should be further examined during any future Change of Zone application. (Submittal Application, Page 53) The submitted RUA Map does not include a conceptual Community Park location. (Application Submittal, Section 5.0, Exhibit #12) Because of the possibility of future fragmented ownership across the RUA, a 50-acre park general location should be designated on the RUA map, just as a regional trail, schools, and neighborhood retail sites are. This is found as a proposed Condition if the Planning Commission recommends approval. The application supports Goals and Policies concerning trails that are consistent with urban development best practices. (Submittal Application, Page 59) These trail goals would be codified during the Change of Zone phase. The draft RUA Map includes conceptual locations for Regional Trails. (Submittal Application, Section 5.0, Exhibit #12) • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 27 • While talking generally about funding sources for all potential service, the submittal does not specifically address a recreation district. In its referral dated September 25, 2009, the Weld County Environmental Health Department recommends developing a recreation district, to allow and facilitate recreation opportunities for future residents, in a manner that does not fragment amenities that might otherwise be available only to residents of a certain subdivision within the RUA. This is included as a proposed Condition, if the RUA is accepted. G. SOCIAL SERVICES The impact to social service was analyzed by the applicant, who indicated that that they anticipate below-average demand for Weld County social services, such as child welfare, due to the anticipated higher-income nature of the development. (Applicant Submittal, Page 22) However, in its referral dated September 28, 2009, the Weld County Department of Human Services indicates that planning should take place for additional child welfare staff, and that additional foster and group homes should be anticipated. As such, zoning options allowing such facilities should be tracked for inclusion during any future Change of Zone application. H. LIBRARY & CULTURAL SERVICES The High Plains Library District would provide library services to the future RUA, which would be included in the tax district. The District seeks a library within a 15-minute drive of every urban home. The applicant suggests a land dedication, consistent with this • goal. A Condition of Approval recommends modifying the draft RUA Map to include a conceptual library site. The application does not include land or contemplate facilities for cultural amenities that would associated with a town, such as a community gather space. A Condition of Approval seeks to address this. VI. CONCLUSION & SUMMARY The recommendation for denial is based, broadly, on the following summarized items: a) The Weld County Comprehensive Plan more strongly encourages urban-scale development in and around existing urban areas. This application does not overcome the burden of proof that would justify development outside of these existing areas. b) The proposal is very reliant on paying for public infrastructure and services via metropolitan district taxes. At the same time, the benefits from sales tax revenue are not possible in this proposed unincorporated community, despite a scenario where future residents would be paying sales taxes in the nearby towns. c) The interim need for additional residential zoning is not definite, based on existing zoning in the County and analysis of the greater Denver metropolitan area market. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 28 • d) It is unclear as to whether the market assumptions behind the proposed concerning residential absorption will be achievable. It remains unknown as to whether County revenues that would be generated by development of the area would support a proportionate share of County service demands. e) The submittal does not overcome the characteristics of "sprawl," as measured and identified by recent land use planning research. f) Providing and sustaining service levels is one important element in the consideration of urbanizing the south Weld region. However, there are uncertainties with the submitted plan in several areas, such as water, traffic, schools, etc. Existing municipalities and service providers are concerned with under-utilization of existing infrastructure. g) Adequate future employment and commercial opportunities are not included in the proposal. h) The ability to provide services is only one consideration in the creation of a town, which is effectively the case with this proposal. Livability issues such as urban design, one's ability to identify with a community, and the ability to coordinate social interactions such as sports teams are all sociologically important. i) The proposal for urban-scale development directly conflicts with existing Intergovernmental Agreements ("IGA's") held by regional stakeholders. • j) Few referral agencies indicated support for this application. k) Through a coordinated inter-regional effort with the surrounding municipalities, a larger, more comprehensive regional plan could be developed that would result in a more integrated and truly mixed-use community that is fully sustainable (and likely incorporated) and which would respond directly to the expanding dynamics of the Denver Metropolitan area. • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area("RUA") Page 29 • VII. ATTACHMENTS Attachment A Proposed RUA Boundary Attachment B Draft Revised Dry Creek RUA Map Attachment C Jurisdictional Influences Map (IGA's, etc., in the Region) Attachment D Referral Agency Comments Attachment E Applicant's Response to Referrals Attachment F Correspondence Attachment G Todd Creek Metro District Water Information Letter (12/9/2009) Attachment H Sky to Ground Financial Analysis Report (12/15/09) Attachment I MetroStudy Market Study Report (12/11/09) Attachment J Recommended Revised Weld County Chapter 26 Additions Attachment K Dry Creek RUA Submittal Notebook ("Applicant's Submittal") • • File 2009-XX, Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area ("RUA") Page 30 • Attachment— J THE FOLLOWING CHAPTER IS FOR INCLUSION AS A SECTION IN CHAPTER 26 OF THE WELD COUNTY CODE. • Chapter 26 • 1 • Article IV Dry Creek RUA Section 26-4-10. DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS A. A framework plan for the Dry Creek Regional Urbanization Area(RUA) is established to provide a foundation and general guidance to enable the County and its citizens to make appropriate decisions regarding future development within the specified geographical area. It represents a vision of what the Dry Creek RUA could look like over the next 20 years and is supported by specific land use goals and policies. The following sections outline the framework plan and how it will be used to guide future growth in the Dry Creek RUA. B. The proposed Dry Creek RUA is located in one of the fastest growing areas of both Weld County and the Denver Metro Area, near the developing growth areas of the I-25 and Highway 85 corridors. Surrounding municipal populations are increasing quickly, and employment and retail opportunities are moving to the area at an accelerated rate. The Dry Creek RUA is an effort to ensure that future development is compatible with the existing and future character of the region. Future development shown in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map will conform with the goals and policies outlined in this sections, as well • as all policies and regulations found in Chapter 22 (Weld County Comprehensive Plan), all zoning and subdivision regulations, and all other applicable portions of the Weld County Code. Section 26-4-20 INTENT The intent of the Dry Creek Framework Plan and resultant Goals and Policies is to expedite the planning review process by clearly outlining the expectations for future development within the area. To this end, the principles defined in the Framework Plan and Goals and Policies seek to ensure that new development is consistent with the county's overall vision, the surrounding context, and in accordance with general RUA Goals and Policies outlined in the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. The framework plan and Goals and Policies within this application are intended to be specific and clear enough to guide development,but not to preclude creative design solutions. The Dry Creek RUA seeks to create an integrated community that balances development with riparian corridors, oil and gas production, and the site's agricultural heritage. The framework plan seeks to ensure that future RUA development fits into the contextual character and planning efforts of the surrounding area while creating an attractive living and working community. • 2 • Section 26-4-30 MAXIMUM WORK AND LIVING POPULATION Appendix 26-C outlines the maximum number of people who are projected to live and work in the RUA and the maximum non-residential uses. The projected population of the Dry Creek RUA is between 6,500 and 19,700 people and between 2,200 and 6,600 dwelling units. Non-residential uses in the RUA are projected to be between 66,000 sq. ft. of Gross Floor Area(GFA) and 187,000 sq. ft. of GFA. These non-residential uses include but are not limited to small neighborhood retail and civic uses. These uses are projected to employ between 130 and 373 people (exclusive of school employment). Including school employment, between 218 and 605 people would work within the RUA, as currently projected. Section 26-4-40 SERVICE AND SCHOOL PROVISIONS Appendices 26-B and 26-O outline the agencies that will provide services and education and the Dry Creek RUA school facilities requirements. Around 20% of the Dry Creek RUA is within Brighton 27J School District 80%of the boundary is within Fort Lupton Weld County 8. The RUA population projections would justify approximately 3 K-8 schools and 1 high school. The general locations of • these schools are depicted in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map and are generally located along Weld County Road 4, which is envisioned to be a green parkway linking Big Dry Creek with the Brantner Irrigation Ditch to the east. Section 26-4-50. Dry Creek RUA Generalized planned land use categories A. The goal of the overall Dry Creek RUA Framework Plan structure land use categories is to establish a harmonious design that protects and enhances the value and character of surrounding land uses by attracting clean and non-polluting land uses to the community and minimizing obstruction of the view of others through the careful use of perimeter landscaping, screening, and buffering. The goal is also to discourage development in hazard areas where a significant risk to life and property exist, such as in areas of floodplain, geologic hazard, unstable soils, undermined areas, and steep slopes. B. General Planned Land Uses In the Dry Creek RUA, land use is grouped into four land use categories. These categories are conceptual and not intended to create vested property rights in the continuation of any particular use,district, zoning classification, or any permissible activity therein. The Land Use categories • 3 are as follows: 1. Mixed Use Neighborhoods 2. Suburban Neighborhoods 3. Estate Neighborhoods 4. Limiting Site Factors Each land use category consists of distinct and unique qualities and is established as a matter of policy to guide and implement planned land use development. These categories are delineated in the RUA Framework Plan and are correlated to the generalized zone districts as defined in Chapter 23 of Weld County Code as noted below. In all cases, Chapter 23, 24, and 27 should be consulted for clarification of specific requirements. C. Mixed Use Neighborhoods The goal of Mixed Use Neighborhoods within the Dry Creek RUA is to create higher density nodes proximate to major regional arterials that provide convenience goods and services for residents of the immediate area. Mixed Use Neighborhoods should be linked to transportation networks but minimize traffic and parking issues for the adjacent residents, while promoting compatibility between the commercial and • nearby residential areas. POLICIES a. Higher Density Nodes: Mixed use neighborhoods are intended to provide a safe,proximate, and higher density activity areas offering convenience goods and services to residents of surrounding neighborhoods. Environmental and service-related impacts are minimal. b. Properly Scaled: Non-residential uses should be appropriately located and scaled within easy access and integrated within the surrounding neighborhood context. c. Allowable Land Uses: Generally, commercial uses should be similar to the uses described in Section 23-3-210 (C-1 Neighborhood Commercial Zone District), including both the Uses allowed by Right and Uses by Special Review. Residential Uses should be similar to those described in Section 23-3-130 (R-3 Medium-Density Residential) and Section 23-3-140 (R-4 High-Density Residential), including both the Uses allowed by Right and Uses by Special Review. Both the commercial and residential uses include but are not limited to: i. Stores and shops which furnish personal services and merchandise primarily intended for personal, family, or household purposes by the residents of the area in which the use is located. • 4 • ii. Restaurants iii. Schools and Public School extension classes iv. Public Recreational Facilities, Community Buildings, Museums,and Libraries v. Police and Fire Station Facilities vi. Offices vii. Utility Service Facility viii. Child Care Center ix. Places of Worship x. Clubhouse and Recreational Facilities xi. Attached Dwelling Units xii. Group Home facility xiii. Foster Care Homes d. Serviced by Infrastructure: Mixed-Use Neighborhoods will utilize public sewer and water services. e. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Development of Neighborhood Mixed Use Centers should meet the goals and policies in the Weld County Comprehensive Plan Section 22-2-100 (Commercial Development Goals and Policies), as well as the goals and policies in Section 22-2-120 that specifically discuss Urban Residential Uses. • f Compatibility of Building Heights: Buildings should be considered in terms of their relationship to the height and massing of adjacent buildings, as well as in relation to the human scale. g. Green Transitions: Development within Neighborhood Mixed Use areas should use landscaping to provide a transition and buffer from higher density, more active land uses, to lower density residential land uses and existing rural land uses. h. Clustering of Higher Density Uses: Non-Residential Uses, larger buildings and attached multi-family housing should cluster near commercial centers and transition to the surrounding residential neighborhoods through the use of lower density products. i. Pedestrian-Oriented Mixed Use Areas: Create pedestrian- friendly and human-scaled commercial areas by providing open areas for gathering places, creating a tree canopy between on- street parking and store fronts, and minimizing the visual impact of parking lots. j. Building Integration: Mitigate large-footprint commercial structures by minimizing the impact of parking areas and incorporating more human-scaled streetscapes into designs. k. Building Orientation: Reinforce the character and quality of the streets through the development of buildings that provide orientation and access towards the street. • 5 • D. Suburban Neighborhoods: The goals of Subruban Neighborhood residential districts within the Dry Creek RUA is that they be cohesive, identifiable, and diverse, while still being integrated into the regional context of the surrounding area. POLICIES a. Developments are encouraged to coordinate neighborhood design efforts with regards to circulation provisions, conservation of natural features, and relationship to established neighborhood areas. b. A diversity of housing types is encouraged to include both owner- occupied and rental housing, which serves all economic segments of the population and match local incomes and age groups. c. Higher residential densities should be situated within close proximity to designated neighborhood/activity centers. d. Each neighborhood should have an interconnected network of local streets that provide direct connections to local destinations. e. Allowable Land Uses: Generally Residential Uses occurring in • the Neighborhood Mixed Use should meet the requirements set in Section 23-3-130 (R-1 Low-Density Residential Zone District) and Section 23-3-140 (R-2 Duplex Residential Zone). f Serviced by Infrastructure: Suburban Neighborhoods will utilize public sewer and water services. g. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Development of Neighborhood Suburban Residential Areas should meet the goals and policies in the Weld County Comprehensive Plan Section 22-2-120 (Residential Development Goals and Policies). h. Housing Diversity: Residential areas should reflect affordability and lifestyle choices that include dwelling unit type, density, environmental setting, and convenience levels. Diverse housing options serve people of all income levels and may provide some citizens the ability to live where they work. i. Compatibility with surrounding proposed/existing land uses: Thorough examination of issues such as compatibility with surrounding and regional land uses, availability and adequacy of infrastructure, impacts on the natural environment, drainage and transportation, and other issues should occur in the review of all residential developments j. Adequate Services: Improvements associated with residential development should be based on the direct impact those • 6 • development proposals have on the infrastructure and services related to that development. - Ensure that adequate services and facilities are currently available or reasonably obtainable to serve the residential development or district. - Ensure adequate mechanisms are in place to manage and maintain all public and private improvements in residential development. These improvements may include water delivery, sewage delivery, sewage disposal, drainage facilities, roadways, trails, common and private open space, landscaped areas, and fencing. Mechanisms may include, but are not limited to, homeowner's associations, metropolitan or other improvement districts, agreements with utility or service providers, or protective covenants addressing privately-owned property. k. Neighborhood Emphasis: Development within the Dry Creek RUA is encouraged to be focused in distinct neighborhoods that are walkable, pedestrian friendly, and integrated into the regional open space and circulation network. I. Walkability of Residential Neighborhoods: Suburban residential neighborhoods should be pedestrian friendly and walkable. Detached sidewalks and pedestrian and bicycle paths are • encouraged. m. Neighborhood Interconnectivity: Neighborhoods located adjacent to future development areas should provide opportunities for future roadway and open space extensions. Cul-de-sacs and other dead end streets are discouraged unless necessitated by the natural or built constraints of the site. Where cul-de-sacs are used, pedestrian connections should be provided between the street and adjacent open space areas, trails, and other common areas to promote neighborhood connectivity. n. High-Quality and Attractive Neighborhood Character: Non- residential uses such as civic buildings within suburban residential neighborhoods, should be appropriately scaled and of similar character to the surrounding residential neighborhood to promote an attractive and high-quality neighborhood character. Repetition of identical homes and garages along neighborhood streets detracts from the visual character of the neighborhood and is strongly discouraged. E. Estate Neighborhoods The goal of Estate Neighborhoods within the Dry Creek RUA is that they are intended to provide an appropriate transition from more intensive development to existing rural/agricultural areas. These low-density neighborhoods should maintain a country living and rural atmosphere • 7 • while preserving the vegetation, significant geological features, wildlife habitat/corridors, views, and privacy. POLICIES a. Allowable Land Uses: Generally Residential Uses occurring in the Estate Neighborhoods should meet the requirements set in Section 23-3-410 (E Estate Zone District). b. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Development of Residential Estates should meet the goals and policies in the Weld County Comprehensive Plan Section 22-2-120 (Residential Development Goals and Policies). c. Compatibility with surrounding proposed/existing land uses: Thorough examination of issues such as compatibility with surrounding and regional land uses, availability and adequacy of infrastructure, impacts on the natural environment drainage and transportation, and integration with the rural agriculture character of the area should occur in the review of all Residential Estate. d. Adequate Services: Ensure that adequate services and facilities such as sheriff/fire protection, medical support, and efficient service delivery such as school busing are currently available or reasonably obtainable to serve Residential Estate Developments. • e. Emphasis on Open Space: Lots should have access to common or private open space if applicable. Private open space is encouraged on individual lots to support high-quality rural character. f. Rural Neighborhood Character: Rural Residential Estates should be designed with development patterns,design features, amenities, and architecture that support a high-quality rural character. g. Pedestrian Interconnectivity: Pedestrian connections to surrounding properties should be included, where feasible, to ensure connectivity between adjoining properties as they are developed. h. Visual Screening of Rural Land uses: Perimeter treatments, entry ways, and setbacks are encouraged to be individually tailored to each development proposal, but should support a high-quality rural character. i. Development Clustering and Transitioning: Development clustering techniques to preserve natural amenities, scenic view corridors, and agricultural viable land is encouraged. Residential Estate developments should be designed as transitional areas between higher intensity urban uses and existing rural uses surrounding the Dry Creek RUA. j. Small-Scale Farming: Support opportunities such as,but not limited to, hobby farming and home businesses to supplement family income and reduce living expenses for farm families and others who prefer a rural lifestyle. • 8 F Limiting Site Factors Limiting Site Factors area are areas comprised of limiting site factors contain certain physical elements that obstruct, or are hazardous to, certain types of development. These physical elements include floodplains, critical wildlife habitat areas, aquifer recharge areas, riparian areas, topographically constraints, regional utility easements, regional oil and gas pipeline easements, and oil and gas processing and distribution facilities. The goal within the Litmiting Site Factor areas are to discourage development within limiting factor areas, to preserve the natural features of the site, to avoid areas of environmental sensitivity, and to minimize negative impacts and alteration of natural features. Preserve,protect, and enhance areas from development defined in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map, including but not limited to surface water bodies, wetland habitat, riparian corridors, floodplains, transmission lines, significant regional oil and gas lines, and significant oil and gas processing and distribution facilities. POLICIES: • a. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Goals and Policies regarding the Protection and Preservation of Limiting Factor Areas are consistent with those outlined in Article V Natural Resources, Section 22-5-10, and 22- 5-20 of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. The following policies are consistent with the County's Goals and Policies as outlined in Section 22-5-30 but have been modified,revised or clarified to reflect the desired policies of the RUA: i. Discourage excessive or unnecessary removal of riparian vegetation and alterations of stream beds and banks, or other significant or critical habitats during the design and development of land uses that require grading and drainage improvements unless specifically permitted for restoration, enhancement, or creation of additional habitat. ii. Conflicts with fish and wildlife habitats and travel and migration routes should be considered and avoided in land development. iii. Development adjacent to rivers and streams, waterfowl areas, significant or critical habitats areas should incorporate reduced densities, adequate setbacks, and buffers. iv. It is incumbent upon all land owners (private or public), metro districts, developers, and site construction • 9 • contractors to be aware that it is illegal to place fill material in any jurisdictional water or wetland. Impacts to jurisdictional waters or wetlands will be mitigated in the RUA by the responsible party according to requirements, regulations, and guidelines set out by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers(USACE)/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA). v. Unnecessary destruction of riparian areas is strongly discouraged. Impacts to riparian areas will be mitigated in the RUA by the responsible party. Mitigation will be accomplished through restoration, enhancement, or creation efforts. vi. Developers will coordinate with local, state, and federal agencies to identify issues and implement measures for the protection, restoration, enhancement, or creation of fish and wildlife habitat. b. Compatibility of Uses in each Zone: Areas comprised of Limiting Site Factors contain certain physical elements that obstruct, or are hazardous to, certain types of development. These physical elements include but are not limited to the following uses: i. Floodplains (within the Federal Emergency Management • Agency(FEMA) 100-year floodplain) ii. Critical Wildlife and Riparian Habitat Areas iii. Wetland and Aquifer Recharge Areas iv. Surface Water Bodies v. Topographical Constraints vi. Transmission Line Easements vii. Regional Oil and Gas Easements viii. Oil and Gas Distribution and Processing Facilities Although these sites contain factors that limit certain types of development, these areas are, nevertheless, usable for agricultural production, recreational activities and parks, or other functions that cannot damage or be damaged by the constraining site factors. These areas can also enhance the character of this RUA by providing corridors for trails and wildlife and for the protection of natural resources, riparian habitats, and natural features essential to the identity of this RUA. c. Importance of Limiting Factors as Open Space: Development in the RUA should preserve and enhance the Big Dry Creek floodplain and riparian corridor, improve habitat conditions and create quality open space, and, to the extent feasible, preserve and enhance significant non-jurisdictional farm ponds and associated aquatic, wetland, and riparian habitats to encourage wildlife use. • 10 • d. Preservation of Habitat: Development within the RUA should preserve, create, and enhance grassland buffers around Sensitive or Critical Habitats within areas defined as Limiting Factors in Appendix 26-S Thy Creek RUA Map. i. Discourage development and avoid disturbance to sensitive, significant,or critical habitat areas. Encourage buffers and setbacks around such features. Preclude any new structural development in the riparian areas. ii. Encourage the restoration and enhancement of water resources to provide a diversity of water-based active and passive recreational opportunities as well as wildlife habitat. iii. Create, preserve, and enhance grassland buffers around Sensitive or Critical Habitats within areas defined as limiting factors in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map. e. Importance as Water Resource: Within limiting factor areas, development within the RUA is encouraged to utilize Low Impact Development(LID) methods of reducing impermeable surfaces, create stormwater detention and permanent water quality ponds, bioswales and wetlands to reduce the quantity and improve the quality of water released from development sites and to create functional wildlife habitat. Locate and design stormwater facilities • to take advantage of and enhance existing water resources and habitat. £ Interconnection of Limiting Factor Areas: Create an interconnected system of open space that incorporates water bodies,wetland habitat, riparian corridors,buffers, floodplains, and other Significant or Critical Habitats. g. Compatibility with State and Federal Laws and Regulations: Abide by Section 404 and 401 of the Clean Water Act(CWA)and adhere to the State and Federal rules, regulations, and guidance governing the preservation of water quality and protection and mitigation of waters of the United States, and wetlands as administered by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA), and the State of Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE). h. Discourage New Development within Limiting Factor Areas: Discourage development in hazard areas where a significant risk to life and property exist, as in areas of floodplain, geologic hazard, unstable soils, undermined areas, and steep slopes. Minimize development and encroachment in the floodplain and preclude any net fill in the floodplain. i. Buffering of Existing Oil and Gas Production and Distribution: Oil and gas drilling, processing, and distribution in the Dry Creek RUA are a significant economic component. It is • 11 • important that proper mitigation measures such as screening and buffering are employed to address potential conflicts between existing industrial areas and future urban development. j. Confirmation of Floodplains: While general locations of floodplains have been shown in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map, prior to submitting a Change of Zone application, the Applicant must define floodplain source of the data, accuracy, modeling methodology, assumptions, etc. Numerous factors can change floodplain limits. The applicant shall apply to FEMA to modify the defined floodplain boundary to take into account the proposed floodplain changes. Section 24-4-60 COMMUNITY AND EMERGENCY FACILITIES The goal of locations designated for Community and Emergency Facilities is to ensure the efficient and cost-effective delivery of adequate public facilities and services within the Dry Creek RUA that provides for the health, safety, and welfare of the present and future residents of the County. POLICIES: • a. Minimum Service Standards: Minimum service standards and facility standards will be established in determining whether public services and facilities are adequate for residential and mixed-use development. - Each service provider will advise on acceptable standards of service and facilities as each is a technical expert. - As site-specific development plans become available for each phase of development, direct input from each service provider will be incorporated into the planning efforts. b. Minimize Fiscal Impacts: The Dry Creek RUA will provide mechanisms for funding public facilities, accommodating service expansion and community amenities based on the demand created by the development. - Mechanisms for funding infrastructure improvements should be promoted to ensure equitable participation by the developer, utility providers, service providers, the county, future owners, and surrounding properties. Such mechanisms may include over-sizing or payback agreements, impact fees, interim/ultimate design and installation plans, improvement or metropolitan districts, and/or other methods. - Strive to set common urban development impact fees within the RUA, to encourage parity. • 12 • - Review impact fee policies for within the RUA, if developmed for within or around it, every three years and after each decennial census to ensure that the basis for impact fees remains equitable and fair and reflects the current cost of construction. - Cost-sharing strategies could be implemented for the construction of infrastructure. - Consider both the physical and fiscal impact on the local districts. If it is found the service providers, as a result of the proposed development, require additional facilities, or incur costs requiring additional local revenues,the project will negotiate with the service provider to determine the contribution level necessary to cover the costs directly attributable to the project. - Establish ways to have a common proportionate impact fee among the multiple jurisdictions within the larger SouthWeld County region,perhaps within all of the Metropolitan Planning Area. c. Embedded Community Facilities in Neighborhoods: Locating schools, a library, and sheriff and fire satellite stations within the community are hallmarks of the charter the Dry Creek RUA seeks to create. They are desired land uses that improve the sense of safety and • overall desirability of the community. d. Regional Cooperation: Cooperation or consolidation of urban services among the county, special districts, and private developers is encouraged, when appropriate, to avoid duplication and overlapping costs to establish a satisfactory level of quality, quantity and dependability of those services. - Development in the RUA should participate in joint planning with the county and service providers to coordinate a timely, orderly, and efficient arrangement of public facilities and services. - Development should work cooperatively to the mutual benefit of the new residents and the public service providers through the use of such mechanisms as IGAs. e. Utilize Existing Capacity: Development requiring urban services and facilities should be located where services are currently available or reasonably available. When additional capacity is available with existing facilities, then the Dry Creek RUA will work in partnership with the service provider to appropriately and efficiently utilize what is already available. f. Collocation and Shared Use of School Facilities with Civic or other Community Uses: When appropriate, collocation or shared use of schools with other civic uses such as a public library, fine arts center, senior center, health clinic, community college branch, recreation facility, or Public Park can create more walkable and integrated neighborhoods and should be encouraged. • 13 g. Collocation and Shared Use of School Facilities as a mechanism to offset cost of public service provision: Collocation of Civic and or Community Uses should be promoted within the Dry Creek RUA because it can reduce cost of service for all agencies involved. Such collocation can more efficiently utilize public funding and offset some public school construction costs through cost-sharing by different public agencies. h. Phased land dedications: Provide phased land dedications for public services and improvement as conditions of development are warranted. Section 24-4-70. Maximum Lot Coverage All land use applications in the Dry Creek RUA shall adhere to the following regulations governing the maximum percentage of lot coverage. Maximum lot coverage is defined as the maximum percent of the total area of a lot in a zone district that shall be covered by any structure. The percentage of coverage on a lot shall not include the area of the lot or development designated as open space. The percentages outlined in Table 26.3 shall be deemed the maximum lot coverage for each zone district within the Dry Creek RUA. Table 26-3:Maximum Lot • Coverage in the Dry Creek RUA Maximum Lot Covcra:c Pcrcenuric COv Bred Nei•hborhood Mixed Use 85% Suburban Residential Nei:hborhoods 60% Estate Nei•hborhoods 40% Limitin_ Site Factor NA Section 24-4-80 OPEN SPACE The goal for open space within the Dry Creek RUA is to establish a functional open space system that balances development with the needs of wildlife and existing agricultural and rural uses and incorporates the protection, maintenance and management of natural, scenic, historic, cultural, archeological, drainage, floodplain, and agricultural resources. The Dry Creek RUA has defined an overall Open Space framework defined primarily by the limiting factors on the site. These are as follows: Dry Creek Riparian Corridor and Floodplain, the Brantner Irrigation Ditches, Critical and Sensitive habitats, and Utility Easements. These environmental constraints can be • 14 • improved and provide key linkages to create an integrated open space and trail network. This would provide a greenway throughout the Dry Creek RUA and ensure that the Dry Creek RUA open space and trail network could tie into a potential future regional recreation and open space system. In addition to the limiting factors on the site, there are other important Open Space conditions, and there are goals and polices for each of these following sub-categories: - Buffer Conditions Landscapes [Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map] - Common Open Space - Parks and Recreation - Landscape Medians and Roadsides - Agricultural POLICIES a. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Goals and Policies regarding Open Space are consistent with those outlined in, Section 22-5-40 (Article V Natural Resources) of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. The following policies are consistent with the County's goals and policies as outlined in Section 22-5-50, but they have been modified, revised, or clarified to reflect the desired policies of the RUA: • i. Developers will provide open space to enhance the quality of life and enjoyment of the environment, while protecting private property rights. ii. Encourage private-sector, non-profit organizations, non-county agencies, and other governmental jurisdictions to participate in the provision of open space in and around the RUA. iii. Developers will identify and set aside significant, critical, or sensitive habitat and natural land features in tracts, outlots, or easements where appropriate. iv. Developers should ensure the future management of public open space and create management plans that identify the managing entity, funding source, and stewardship responsibilities. v. Encourage native, drought-tolerant landscaping in open space and new landscaping in developed areas. b. Minimum Standards: The minimum percentages of land in each land use designation devoted to Open Space and limiting factors are listed in Table 26-3 Department of Planning Services' staff reserves the ability to evaluate development design proposals with less common open space than listed in Table 26-4. Staff will determine at the time of land use application if the proposed common open space meets the intent of the requirements in this section. • 15 • Table 26-4 Minimum Open Space Standards Minimum Open Space for Percentage Covered each Land Use Designation Neighborhood Mixed Use 15 % Suburban Residential 15 % Estate Neighborhoods 25 % Limiting Site Factor NA c. Provision of Open Space: Developers will dedicate open space, initiate land trades within the RUA, or provide cash-in-lieu when open space opportunities are not available in desired open space locations. In lieu of the preservation of land for on- site common open space, and subject to the discretion of the Board of County Commissioners,the Applicant may utilize the cash-in-lieu-of-common-open-space option outlined in Section 27-6-80.B.8, with terms defined in Chapter 27, Article II of • the Weld County Code. This option shall be outline in the Sketch Plan Application to the Department of Planning Services. d. Preservation and Interconnectivity of Open Space: i. The Recreation District and Developers should coordinate and encourage the preservation and creation of a continuous, interconnected, and permanent system of open space that capitalizes on natural and man-made features and incorporates sensitive and critical habitat such as streams corridors, floodplains, irrigation canals, reservoirs, ponds, wetlands, and ponds. ii. Development within the RUA should dedicate and protect natural open space that incorporates sensitive and critical wildlife habitat in a variety of forms, including large patches, corridors,buffers, and linkages and will discourage small unusable patches of open space. iii. Patches of open space should be linked together via open space corridors of adequate width to protect sensitive species and allow for genetic diversity through species movement. Creation of isolated or small patches of open space or habitats that are inaccessible or unusable for wildlife is discouraged. e. Emphasize Importance of Habitat: Development of a parks and trails system should avoid negative impacts to Sensitive or Critical habitat. • 16 • 1. Management of Open Space: The Recreation District or other approved entity should fund and develop an open space management plan that addresses the restoration, enhancement, operations and maintenance standards of open space, and balances the level of public use of open space with the sensitivity of the wildlife/habitat resources and goals for protection of those resources. The Recreation District or other approved entity should collect fees as necessary and provide adequate funding to support the open space management plan. g. Enhancement of Open Space: The restoration and enhancement of open space and water resources is encouraged, in order to provide a diversity of water-based active and passive recreational opportunities as well as wildlife habitat. h. Create a Visual and Attractive Environment: Development within the RUA should provide a natural appearance and configuration of graded land forms in open space and stormwater and drainage facilities to create aesthetic non-engineered appearance of community features Section 26-4-90 BUFFER CONDITIONS The goal for designated Buffer Condition areas within the Dry Creek RUA is to • protect the public health, safety, and welfare of land developed in the Dry Creek RUA and protect the economic viability and long-term sustainability of the surrounding agricultural and oil and gas industries.The Dry Creek RUA is in a developing and changing area with significant existing agriculture and oil and gas industries. Certain urban land uses, because of their character and intensity, may create an adverse impact on less intensive and varied adjacent land uses and negatively impact the economic viability and long-term sustainability of surrounding oil and gas industries. Alternatively, the noise and dust that can be associated with more rural uses, such as agriculture and oil and gas production and distribution, can adversely affect public health, safety, and welfare of surrounding urban development. Accordingly, the following policies are established to protect and preserve the appearance, character, and value of property within the RUA and buffer adjacent more rural uses from the adverse urban development of the RUA. POLICIES: a. Screen or buffer between incompatible adjacent land uses: All land within Suburban Residential areas within the Dry Creek RUA that is directly adjacent to an existing rural or agricultural use and is not separated by a road right-of-way, and where"Buffer Condition" is noted in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map, need to be evaluated based on the intensity of land uses and the intensity of the landscape treatment proposed. One or more of the four basic variables in buffer design should • 17 • be used. Distance, plant material,plant density, and land forms should be employed to ensure that incompatible land uses are adequately buffered and screened. b. Transition from higher density urban uses to rural uses through lower density development: Where indicated, lower density Estate Neighborhoods have been cited in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map. These Estate Neighborhoods have a lower density and are more rural in character and allow for a more gradual transition to existing rural and agricultural uses. c. Buffer or screen between development and oil and gas operations areas: A landscape buffer should be employed for the outer 50 feet of the setback from an oil and gas well or operations area. This buffer area may be used for underground utilities, sidewalks, trails, parking, and must be landscaped with grasses, vertical landscaping or shallow-rooted landscape. Section 26-4-100 COMMON OPEN SPACE All developments within the Dry Creek RUA shall also preserve a portion of the site as common open space above and beyond the areas that have been delineated • in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map. DEFINITION: Common Open Space is defined as any usable parcel of land or water essentially unimproved and set aside, dedicated, designated, or reserved for future public or private use or enjoyment or for the use and enjoyment of owners or occupants of land adjoining or neighboring such an area. Common Open Space shall be freely accessible to all residents and property owners of a development. Common Open Space shall not be occupied by buildings or structures other than those in conjunction with the use of open space, roads, or parking nor shall it include the yards or lots of residential dwelling units required to meet minimum lot area or parking area requirements. Section 26-4-110 PARKS AND RECREATION All Planned Unit Developments (PUDs) within the Dry Creek RUA shall also preserve a portion of the site as Parks and Recreation above and beyond the areas that have been delineated in Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map. The goal for Parks and Recreation within the Dry Creek RUA is to provide high- quality, strategically placed parks and recreation facilities for present and future residents POLICIES • 18 • a. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Goals and policies regarding Parks and Recreation are consistent with those outlined in Article V Natural Resources, Sections 22-5-40 and 22-5- 50 of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. b. Compatibility with Existing Zoning Standards: Common open space shall be delineated in the Sketch Plan phase of the land use process and meet the performance standards established in Chapters 24 and 27 of the Weld County Code. c. Diversity of Parks: Parks provide opportunities for active and passive recreational experiences within the community. They reinforce a sense of community by providing places for members of the community to gather, interact, and exercise. Parks also enhance a community's image and quality of life. A comprehensive park system should include the following: • Neighborhood Parks—Pocket parks are small parks that are provided by the developer of a subdivision and maintained by the development. They provide opportunities for passive outdoor recreation at a sub-neighborhood scale. They are ideally located within 0.25 mile of the residences they are intended to serve and • may include lawn areas,picnic shelters and tables, play equipment, artwork, or other amenities that are appropriate for the demographics and types of activities that the neighborhood may desire. • Local Parks—Neighborhood parks provide places for informal recreation and gathering places within walking distance of most residences (0.5 mile). May include multi-use lawn areas,picnic areas, playground equipment, restrooms, drinking fountains, small court games, community gardens, and recreational fields and facilities as appropriate. ▪ Community Parks—Community parks serve multiple neighborhoods (typically within 1 to 1.5 miles) and are focused on the recreational needs of the whole community. They provide opportunities for self-directed and programmed recreational activities as well as community events and gatherings. d. Accessibility of Parks: Parks and recreation facilities provide an adequate range of active and passive recreational opportunities to meet the needs of a wide array of citizens. Special emphasis should be placed on ensuring that residents have access to neighborhood parks and recreation centers within walking distance of their homes. a. Development within the RUA should centrally locate recreation centers and other facilities that serve large numbers of people on sites with visual and vehicular access from major roadways, direct trail connections, and provisions for future transit. • 19 • b. Development within the RUA should design neighborhoods that integrate parks, trails and recreational facilities with utility infrastructure and transportation systems such as detention basins that serve as athletic fields when not flooded. c. Development within the RUA should organize and conjoin parks, trails, open space with schools, churches, and other quasi-public land uses where possible to create larger, more contiguous parks and open space network Section 24-4-120 AGRICULTURE The goal for agricultural uses within and nearby the Dry Creek RUA is to preserve agricultural productivity and values. POLICIES a. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Protection and Preservation of Limiting Factor Areas are consistent with those outlined in Article II Land Use Categories, Sections 22-2-10, and 22-2-20 of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. b. Consider Agriculture Water Delivery: New development will recognize • and accommodate the traditional and future operational viability of existing water delivery infrastructure. Water and the irrigation delivery systems need to be regarded as a critical component of the agricultural heritage and continued productivity of the land. c. Compatibility with "Right to Farm:" Respect the continuation of agricultural land uses and operations in the area surrounding the RUA. Fanning and ranching operations in Weld County are important businesses that require land preparation,burning,planting, and harvesting that can cause nuisance dust, objectionable odors,noise, and smoke. Maintain Weld County's "Right to Farm" policies,which protect farmers and ranchers from nuisance and liability lawsuits and enables them to continue producing food and fiber. Section 24-4-130 ARCHEOLOGICAL,CULTURAL AND HISTORIC RESOURCES It is a goal for within the Dry Creek RUA to preserve and protect archeological, cultural, and historic resources. POLICIES: a. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Protection and Preservation of Limiting Factor Areas need to be consistent • 20 • with those outlined in Section 22-5-110 F (Article V Natural Resources) of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. b. Compatibility with OAHP Regulations: Developers will contact the Colorado Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation(OAHP) regarding the preservation and protection of any potentially significant archeological, cultural, or historic artifact encountered during construction. Section 24-4-140 LANDSCAPED MEDIANS AND ROADSIDES: It is a goal for within and around the Dry Creek RUA that major roadways, along with the greenway connection proposed along WCR 4,play an important role in the function and image of the Dry Creek RUA. All major arterials and WCR 4 should incorporate landscape design features. The following design policies relate to the visual quality of these roadways. POLICIES a. Integration of Roadside Planting: Plantings along road rights-of-way shall be integrated with the rest of the site. b. Landscape Setbacks along WCR 4: A minimum landscape setback • along Weld County Road 4 should be established and significant landscape treatment should be proposed for any development along Weld County Road 4 to ensure that Weld County Road 4 has a green character and functions as a green connection between Dry Creek Corridor and the rest of the RUA. c. Compatibility with Existing Zoning: Required landscaping and screening within the landscape setback and other portions of the property shall be governed by the landscape standards requirements contained in Chapters 23 and 24 of the Weld County Code. d. Screening of Adjacent Uses through Landscaping Berming and Clustering: Uses adjacent to Weld County Road 21 and Weld County Road 4 should be screened from Weld County Road 4 and Weld County Road 21 through best practice landscape treatment including, but not limited to, landscape berming, berm-walls, tree clustering, fences, and high-intensity planting. e. Maintenance: Maintenance of landscaping in landscaped medians and along roadsides shall be by a metropolitan district or other approved entity. Section 24-4-150 TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION Within the Dry Creek RUA, it is a goal to create a transportation network serving the Dry Creek RUA that unifies and coincides with state, county, city, and • community transportation systems. The transportation network should be an 21 • integrated system of streets, sidewalks, trails, and bikeways that provides for optimal movement of people,bicycles, and automobiles within the community to and from adjacent streets, developments, and uses. INTENT: As transportation demands increase in the Dry Creek RUA, the need to preserve the functional integrity and hierarchy of the existing roadways and provide new roadway capacity will become increasingly important. The purpose of this section is to provide for the planning, design, and construction of improvements to new and existing roadway facilities consistent with Chapters 22, 23, 24 and 27 of Weld County Code. These standards seek to provide for a certain level of performance for the transportation network serving the Dry Creek RUA. Consequently, if it can be shown that an alternate design, material,or procedure will provide performance equal to, or better than, the required design, material or procedure,that alternate may be approved by the Director of Public Works. POLICIES: a. Circulation System: 1. The proposed RUA circulation system is exhibited in Appendix 26- S Dry Creek RUA Map. The transportation network reflects a road hierarchy, from a major arterial that serves both the regional and local traffic with higher speeds and capacities with controlled • private access, to a collector that serves local traffic and provides access to future development. The proposed hierarchy of roads includes both reconstruction and/or widening of existing roads and alignments for new roads. The transportation network also identifies locations of future traffic signals and roundabout intersections. The roadway classifications and circulation will be determined based upon the results of the Traffic Impact Analysis and the"Master Transportation Plan." 2. The Dry Creek RUA cross sections are identified in Appendix 26-T Dry Creek RUA Street Sections. These standards delineate right-of- way, lane configurations, median treatment, bike lanes, and pedestrian sidewalks. Roadway classifications may change as development in the Dry Creek RUA areas occurs. Roadway classifications may be reevaluated by the Director of Public Works based on the results of a traffic impact analysis. 3. When proposed development within the Dry Creek RUA triggers the need for construction of on-site or off-site transportation, commitment to construct the needed improvements and funding for engineering design, right-of-way acquisition, and all construction costs for those improvements shall be secured and guaranteed by the developers or districts of the Dry Creek RUA, their successors and assigns,prior to approval of any Final Plat. • 22 • b. Traffic Impact Analysis: All significant developments within the Dry Creek RUA area shall be required to prepare a traffic impact analysis at the time of the Sketch Plan Application. All traffic analysis information and reports shall be prepared and certified to by a registered professional engineer competent in traffic engineering. The intent of this analysis is to determine the project's cumulative development impacts, appropriate project mitigation, and improvements necessary to offset a specific project's impacts. The County will require the developer to pay a proportionate share of the costs of said improvements through an improvements agreement. The developer will be responsible for all pertinent road improvements. This may include improvements required outside the Dry Creek RUA due to development within its boundary. All traffic impact analysis shall contain, at a minimum, the following information: 1. Introduction: Describe the proposed development and parameters of the study area. 2. Existing Conditions: The street capacity standard in the Dry Creek RUA is Level of Service C and the intersection capacity is Level of Service D. i. Conduct a.m. and p.m. peak-hour turn movements and average daily traffic counts for intersections and links • within the study area if there are no available counts collected within the previous 12 months. ii. Conduct a peak-hour intersection level of service analysis for the intersections. iii. Determine whether the existing daily traffic volumes exceed the arterial daily volume standards as identified in the RUA street standards for major arterial, arterial, secondary, collector and local streets presented in Appendix 26-T, Roadway Cross Sections. These standards delineate right-of-way, lane configurations, median treatment,bike lanes, and pedestrian sidewalks. 3. Cumulative Conditions: i. Identify previously approved or anticipated developments that may affect the study area's circulation system. ii. Generate, distribute, and assign traffic to the existing roadway network. iii. Determine annual growth rates and project future traffic volumes for the time frame corresponding to project build- out. iv. Identify funded circulation improvements, both public and private, that will be constructed prior to the proposed development's occupancy. v. Conduct a peak-hour intersection level of service analysis and compare daily volume forecasts to street standards • 23 • assuming cumulative developments, annual growth rates, and funded improvements. vi. Determine mitigation measures to offset cumulative conditions if the level of service exceeds the Dry Creek RUA area standards. 4. Trip Generation: Determine daily and a.m. and p.m. peak-hour trip generation for the proposed development, using established rates identified in the Trip Generation Manual published by the Institute of Transportation Engineers, or as agreed upon with county staff. 5. Trip Distribution: Based on assumptions contained in the Dry Creek RUA area traffic analysis or market estimates, describe the anticipated trip distribution patterns for the proposed development. 6. Trip Assignment: Based on the projected trip generation, assumed trip distribution, and the prevailing roadway network, assign the projected traffic to the intersections and streets within the study area. 7. Existing + Committed + Project (E+C+P) Traffic Volumes and Level of Service: vii. Add project a.m. and p.m. peak-hour and daily traffic volumes to existing plus committed traffic volumes. viii. Conduct intersection level of service analysis and determine whether daily traffic volumes exceed street • standard thresholds. 8. Signal Warrant Analysis: ix. Using the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices or other adopted standards, determine whether proposed intersection volumes exceed signal warrants for those locations on the transportation network where signals are proposed. 9. Access: Projects involving access to the state highway system shall indicate appropriate conformance to the latest revisions of the State Highway Access Code. The report shall discuss how the proposed development meets the access control guidelines. 10. Mitigation Measures: Mitigation measures will be implemented to provide the needed improvements to offset project impacts as determined by the traffic impact analysis. c. Design Standards 1. General Design Standards: All development within the Dry Creek RUA areas shall comply with Chapters 8, 22, 23, 24 and 27 of Weld County Code and the Colorado State Highway Access Code, 2 CCR 601-1. Consistent with the urban-scale development standards in the Dry Creek RUA areas, all driving surfaces and parking areas for commercial and industrial development shall be paved according to geometric and road structure design standards. • 24 • 2. Geometric Design Standards: Geometric design for streets and roads shall be in accordance with Weld County Engineering and Construction Criteria and with A Policy on the Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, published by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). Specifications, standards or design criteria, published by other governmental agencies, professional organizations, or generally accepted authoritative sources, may be used in geometric design. All specifications, standards, or design criteria shall be referenced and copied as part of the submittal information. 3. Road Structure: Structural capacity shall be designed in accordance with the Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, published by AASHTO. Specifications, standards, or design criteria published by other governmental agencies, professional organizations, or generally accepted authoritative sources may be used in design. All specifications, standards, or design criteria shall be referenced and copied as part of the submittal information. All roads shall adhere to the Weld County Engineering and Construction Criteria and with the standards set forth in Chapter 24, Article VII of Weld County Code. 4. Structural Road Improvements: Adjacent roadways shall be designed to meet the full typical section specified in the County • Transportation Plan and Chapter 24 of the Weld County Comprehensive Code. For example, improvements may include the construction of travel lanes, shoulders, bike lanes, medians, curb, gutter, and sidewalks. Required improvements may also include the acquisition of right-of-way and construction easements that will be dedicated to the public. Improvements attributed to the development shall be consistent with the direct impact a particular development has on the county road system as determined by a professional transportation study. The road improvements agreement and roadway construction plans shall be considered for approval by the Weld County Board of County Commissioners. 5. Signage & Striping: All signage and stripping within the Dry Creek RUA area shall comply with Manual on Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). d. Transit: As development occurs, the feasibility of a public transit system in the Dry Creek RUA area should be examined. Section 24-4-160 TRAILS: It is a goal that, within and around the Dry Creek RUA, that the transportation and circulation system should provide for an extensive network of neighborhood, • local, and regional trails open to all types of non-motorized travel that link 25 • neighborhoods to community features and the region. A pedestrian friendly, off- street trails system is encouraged that provides a positive experience with areas of interest along the trail routes. Trails should provide reasonable accommodation and access for people of all ages and abilities. INTENT: Provide for an extensive network of neighborhood, local, and regional trails open to all types of non-motorized travel that link neighborhoods to community features and the region. POLICIES: a. Regional Integration: Encourage facilitated coordination between jurisdictions and between private and public entities to integrate the RUA Regional Trails, shown on Appendix 26-S Dry Creek RUA Map, with other regional trails, such as the Colorado Front Range/South Platte River, Saint Vrain, and the Big Dry Creek trails. b. Trail Interconnectivity: Develop an interconnected network of neighborhood and local trails within the community and with nearby jurisdictions that will also provide connections to regional trail systems. c. Minimize Conflict with Plant and Animal Habitat: To the extent possible, trails should be located, configured, and set back from natural creeks or water bodies so that recreational use will not significantly impact • native plant and animal habitat. d. Universally Designed: Create pedestrian friendly, off-street trails that provide a positive experience with areas of interest along the route and provide reasonable accommodation and access for people of all ages and abilities. Section 24-4-170 INFRASTRUCTURE It is a goal within the Dry Creek RUA that the use of centralized water and sewer systems be promoted for development in a consistent manner with the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. These systems should be capable of complying with all regulatory standards for potable water and wastewater discharge. These systems should be self-sustaining and able to fund the initial, operational, and long-term replacement infrastructure required to maintain service. a. Promote the use of renewable water sources within the capability of the water service provider. Renewable sources should be encouraged, in order to reduce the consumption of finite water supplies such as groundwater: b. Promote Water Conservation. Promote water conservation within the capabilities of the water and sewer providers, and apply water conservation in a manner that is compliant with all regulatory standards. • 26 • c. Encourage dual-pipe systems. Encourage a dual-pipe system to reduce the consumption of potable water and promote high effluent standards for wastewater treatment facilities. Treatment facilities should maintain a high effluent standard to maintain water quality throughout the areas watershed. Proposed development within the RUA should be discouraged from using septic systems. d. Setbacks and Design of Oil and Gas Facilities. Development should be set back from oil and gas wells for safety reasons. Development should seek ways to make these buffered areas as attractive and useful as possible. Mitigation of oil and gas well through color, profile, and visual screening is encouraged, and the use of low-profile tanks as new wells are established is recommended. e. Minimize Impact of Utility Transmission and Distribution Systems. Utility providers and easement holders need to ensure that electric, natural gas,petroleum, and other generation, distribution, pipeline and storage facilities are located in a manner that is safe, environmentally sensitive, and minimizes aesthetic impacts. Lines will be required to be placed underground to the maximum extent feasible. f. Respect Surface and Mineral Owner Rights. Respect the rights and uses of surface owners and oil and gas mineral owners and operators. Developers within the RUA should communicate with oil and gas mineral owners and operators to develop surface use agreements that • accomplish cohesive development of the surface in the RUA that respects both the rights and uses of surface owners and the rights and uses of oil and gas mineral owners and operators. g. Mitigate Impact of Oil and Gas Operators on land development. Surface Use Agreements between developer and oil/gas operators should be used to allow current and future development of oil and gas resources that minimizes the impacts on land and land use. Methods employed by oil and gas operators and/or land developers to accomplish concurrent development of the surface along with oil and gas minerals shall be in compliance with Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission rules and regulations and with Colorado Senate Bill 07-237 provisions, and may include, but is not limited to, centralizing exploration and production facilities, clustering wells, constructing alternative structures and landscaping to mask wells and equipment, directional drilling, installing low profile or compact equipment, locating drill pads in commercial or industrial areas, and using existing service roads and sites. h. Facilitate ongoing communication between oil and gas operators and developers. As development progresses over time, ongoing communication with operators and developers should continue to address the challenges and issues and develop solutions, so that oil and gas development and residential development may proceed concurrently over the years while conserving land and water quality. i. Promote integrated and environmentally sensitive design, conservation and reclamation practices,such as:. • 27 • i. Practices that maximize the use of renewable resources, reduce water consumption, and provide the greatest end value and aesthetics of the land ii. Conservation of water resources in the landscape through the use of native xeriscape principles and non-potable water for landscape irrigation. iii. Low impact development that retains the water that falls on site and puts it to beneficial use. iv. New development that is set back from oil and gas wells for safety reasons, and make the oil and gas facilities and buffer areas as attractive and useful as possible. Section 24-4-180 DRAINAGE The purpose of the Stormwater and Floodplain Management portion of the Dry Creek RUA is to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public,protect adjudicated waters for the use of downstream water rights holders,preserve the viable and productive use of agricultural lands,promote the equitable, acceptable and effective use of land, and meet the requirements of Colorado Drainage Law. Development within the Dry Creek RUA shall adhere to the Weld County Storm Drainage Criteria, as currently adopted by the County. These criteria have been adopted in order to provide minimum standards to preserve and protect the public • health, safety and general welfare in the unincorporated lands of the County, pursuant to authority granted by Part 4 of Article 15 of Title 30, and Article 35 of Title 30, C.R.S. These criteria are designed to provide storm drainage best management practices to accommodate the unique characteristics of the County. All submittals for development within the Dry Creek RUA shall include the information listed in the Weld County Storm Drainage Criteria. The policies set forth in this document for the Dry Creek RUA are intended to define the responsibilities of the developers within the RUA to best manage this area as a new urban corridor. These policies are designed for the commitment to preserve the natural beauty of the region,without hampering its development potential. By preserving prime irrigated agricultural land for local farmer use and designating a variety of land uses for commercial, industrial, and residential functions, the natural landscape of South Weld County and the need for economic development will be blended to create a mixture that will serve the region for years to come. a. Promote runoff control: Protect runoff control measures that minimize impacts due to changes in land use, including preservation of the existing hydrology to the extent practical as related to quantity, rate and timing. i. Minimize the creation of impervious surfaces and preserve open space to the extent practical. ii. Encourage Low Impact Development and other Conservation Design principles in future land use changes. • 28 • iii. Encourage best management practices(BMPs) and runoff infiltration to the extent practical. iv. Encourage no increase in runoff volume related to changes in land use by creative use of native vegetation, trees, and the concepts in the policies above. v. Consider hydrologic timing of discharge to avoid coincidental flood peaks. b. Protect water storage and conveyance: Protect existing and future water storage, conveyance, and delivery infrastructure of water rights holders while promoting beneficial uses of excess stormwater runoff through sustainable development, conservation design, and best management practices. i. Maintain "first in time—first use" water rights. ii. Encourage incorporation of water conservation into future land use changes. iii. Encourage innovative uses of excess stormwater runoff once initial water rights obligations are met. c. Surface Water Treatment: i. Treat surface runoff through water quality measures prior to discharge to streams and rivers during and after construction activities. ii. Control erosion and sedimentation due to wind and water to the • extent practical and in accordance with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). iii. Reduce point and non-point source discharges of pollutants through the use of non-structural and structural BMPs. d. Promote the preservation and enhancement of aquatic resources, riparian corridors, wetlands and wildlife habitat: e. Provide recreational, aesthetic and functional use of natural water resources f. Minimize flood danger: Protect human life, health, safety, and property, including buildings, public facilities,utilities and mineral rights, from the hazards and associated costs of flood damages by promoting regulations that reduce the risk of flooding. i. Reduce and repair stream bath erosion through sound engineering design, fluvial geomorphologic principles and "living river" concepts. ii. Assure that changes in land use do not result in unstable conditions that may lead to stream bank instability or erosion. iii. Preserve the flood carrying capacity and volume of the existing floodplain. iv. Comply with the National Flood Insurance Program (44 Code of Federal Regulations 59-75, as amended), which provides eligibility for federally subsidized flood insurance. • 29 • v. Establish a minimum Flood Protection Elevation of one foot above the 100-year Base Flood Elevation to reduce the risk of flooding of habitable structures. g. Encourage cooperation: Participate and encourage cooperation between counties, municipalities, special districts, companies, and other governmental entities pertaining to regulations involving stormwater and floodplain management. Coordinate construction activities with the ditch companies to avoid activities that may interfere with filling reservoirs during the spring. h. Operate and maintain stormwater and floodplain infrastructure on a regular basis: i. Provide long-term, legally binding operation and maintenance agreements for the continued operation of stormwater and floodplain infrastructure. ii. Require maintenance schedules as a part of all future land use changes as well as identification of parties responsible for operation and maintenance activities. iii. Provide suitable funding mechanisms to implement and maintain the above goals. iv. Prepare fair and equitable funding mechanisms that consider quantifiable impacts to the stormwater management system, such as Stonnwater Utilities, Special Service Areas (SSAs), and/or • Special Districts. Section 24-4-190 GROUNDWATER: Proposed development within the Dry Creek RUA should preserve, protect, and improve groundwater aquifers and local areas of high groundwater. POLICIES: a. Encourage Best Practice Storage, Use, and Disposal of Hazardous Chemicals: The Dry Creek RUA water provider is encouraged to educate residents about behaviors and consequences, and proper storage, use, and disposal of chemicals, petroleum products, cleansers, fertilizers, pesticides, and any other solid and liquid household product or hazardous waste that could pollute surface water or groundwater, drinking water wells, fish and wildlife habitat, or the general health and welfare of the public if unintentionally released into the environment. b. Compatibility with Federal and State Water rules: Development will be permitted and performed in accordance with Section 401 of the CWA, and the rules and regulations as administered by EPA and CDPHE. i. Contractors and residents will be required to adhere to the PDES and Colorado SPCC regulations. ii. Site developers and/or construction contractors working within the RUA must obtain a general and/or specific • 30 • Stormwater Discharge Permit as appropriate to the situation if any discharges of stormwater into receiving waters are anticipated or proposed. iii. Site developers and/or construction contractors must obtain, develop, and manage a Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP), adhere to any reporting requirements, and make said plan available to all employees and CDPHE. Section 24-4-200 WILDLIFE Development within the Dry Creek RUA should preserve and protect wildlife, and enhance wildlife habitat. POLICIES: a. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Protection and Preservation of Wildlife needs to be consistent with those outlined in Section 22-5-10 (Article V Natural Resources) of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan b. Compatibility with federal and state laws for threatened, endangered,and candidate species: Identify,preserve, and protect critical habitat of federally listed threatened, endangered,candidate species (i.e., "Critical Habitat"), and unique nesting,breeding, or • spawning areas of state listed species of special concern(i.e., "Sensitive Habitat"), and abide by the following Federal and State laws governing their protection: • U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) • U.S. Migratory Bird Treaty Act(MBTA) • U.S. Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act(BGEPA) • Colorado Non-game, Endangered, or Threatened Species Conservation Act c. Compatibility with state wildlife statutes: To the greatest extent possible, development with the RUA should preserve habitat that provides essential life requisites of food, water, cover, and space, and adhere to state statutes and regulations regarding general game and non-game wildlife that are not afforded greater legal protections by the county, state or federal governments. d. Honor Existing Visual Natural Amenities: Conserve mature trees that add character to the community and provide habitat for wildlife. Support the conservation of mature trees and native species to the extent possible and encourage the incorporation of these features as amenities in future neighborhoods. Invasive species should not be preserved. Section 24-4-210 VEGETATION • 31 • Development within the Dry Creek RUA should encourage healthy and diverse native plant communities and preserve and protect unique plant species. Policies: a. Compatibility with Existing Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies: Protection and Preservation of Unique Plant Species need to be consistent with those outlined in, Section. 22-5-10 (Article V, Natural Resources)of the Weld County Comprehensive Plan. • Compatibility with Federal ESA Act: Identify, preserve, and protect critical habitat of Federally listed threatened, endangered, candidate plant species (i.e., "Critical Habitat") in accordance with the ESA. b. Compatibility with State threatened and endangered plant species: Identify,preserve, and protect critical habitat of State-listed threatened and endangered plant species (i.e., "Sensitive Habitat"). c. Compatibility with Federal Plant Protection Act/Colorado Noxious Weed Act and Colorado and Weld County's Noxious Weed Management Programs: Encourage the eradication, control, containment and management of noxious and restricted weeds in accordance with these Acts and programs. d. Promote the use of diverse and adapted plant species: Table cross • sections are identified in Appendix 26-G Adaptable and Native Planting List. This list is a partial list of plant material that are native or adapted to Colorado's Front Range. This is not an all-inclusive list and is intended only to act as a general resource. New plant materials are being made available on a commercial basis and local nurserymen are a valuable resource when trying to determine the appropriateness and adaptability of plant material to a particular location. • 32 • Add to: Appendix 26-B Service Providers for the Dry Creek RUA Scnice PruViticr Domestic Water TCVMD Metro District Sanitation TCVMD Metro District Cgs Xccl Energy Electric United Power Fiber Optic/Comm Qwest/Comcast School Weld 8 Ft.Lupton Brighton 27J Law Enforcement Weld County Sheriff Fire Brighton Fire Protection District/ Mountain View Fire Protection/ Ambulance Brighton Fire Protection District Highway&Roads CDOT.Weld County Dept of Public Recreation TCVMD Recreation District • • 33 • Add to: Appendix 26-C Table #7: Projected Residential Population and Uses in Dry Creek RUA Projected Population Net Min Max Min Max Mm o Max , Acres Density Density DU DU opulation opulatior Rural Estates 93 1.0 4.0 100 400 300 1200. Suburban Residential 907 2.0 5.5 1,800 5,000 5300 14900 Neighborhood Mixed Use Residential 60 5.0 20.0 300 1,200 900 3600 'Net Acres include development and local roads 2,200 6,600 6,500.. 19,700. 'Household Sae 6 297 Table#8: Retail, Wee, and Commercial Program of the Dry Creek RUA Min# Max # Min Max Retail/Office/Commercial/Program Acres FAR of jobs of jobs Sq Ft Sq Ft Community and Local Services 5.0 0.2 44 126 22,000 63,000 (Sales Center/Day Care/Real Estate Offices, Fitness, Ci)./ic Uses, etc) Leisure/Dining/Professional Office 10.0 0.2 87 249 44,000 124,000 (Restaruant, Cofffe,Ace Hardware, Fast Food - Bank,Medical/Dental Office,Local Retail,etc) Daytime Shopping 0.2 0 0 0 0 (Sporting Goods, Bike Shop, Bookstore, Salon _.. Pharmacy-Walgreens, Small Grocery, Gas,etc.) TOTAL 15.0 131. 374 66,000 187,000 • 'Jobs calculated as 1 per 500 sq.ft.of commercial sq.ft. • 34 • Add to Appendix 26-G DRY CREEK RUA: ADAPTABLE AND NATIVE PLANTING LIST for RESIDENTIAL LANDSCAPING and NATURAL OPEN SPACE RESTORATION TREES AND SHRUBS Mature Mature Scientific Name Common Name Height Width Riparian Trees: 60-80 feet 40-50 Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera plains cottonwood feet 60-80 feet 60-80 Salix amygdaloides peachleaf willow feet Riparian Shrubs: • Amorpha fruticosa lead plant 2-4 feet 2-4 feet Rosa woodsii woods rose 2-4 feet 2-4 feet Salix exigua coyote willow 5-10 feet 5-10 feet Upland Shrubs: Atriplex canescens four-winged saltbush 2-4 feet 2-4 feet Ribes cereum white squaw currant 2-4 feet 2-4 feet Symphoricarpos occidentalis Western snowberry 2-4 feet 2-4 feet WILDFLOWERS Mature Mature Scientific Name Common Name Height Width Achillea lanulosa western yarrow 1-2 feet 1-2 feet Liatris punctata dotted gayfeather 1-2 feet 1-2 feet Linum lewisii blue flax 1-2 feet 1-2 feet Mertensia ciliata streamside bluebells 1-2 feet 1-2 feet Oenothera pallida white evening primrose 1-2 feet 1-2 feet Penstemon strictus Rocky Mm. Penstemon 1-2 feet 1-2 feet Ratibida columnifera prairie coneflower 1-3 feet 1-3 feet Rudbeckia hirta black-eyed susan 1-3 feet 1-3 feet • 35 • GRASSES Mature Mature Scientific Name Common Name Height Width Achnatherum hymenoides indian ricegrass 1-2 feet 1-2 feet Andropogon halii var. Hack sand bluestem 1-2 feet 1-3 feet 1-1.5 1-3 feet Bouteloua curtipendula side-oats grama feet 1-1.5 1-3 feet Bouteloua gracilis blue grama feet 1.5 -5 1-3 feet Calamovilfa longifolia prairie sandreed feet Elymus elymoides bottlebrush squirreltail 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Elymus lanceolatus dasystachyum thickspike wheatgrass 1-4 feet 1-3 feet Festuca arizonica pinegrass 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Koeleria marcantha prairie junegrass 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Pascopyrum smithii western wheatgrass 1-3 feet 1-3 feet Poa secunda(sandbergii) Sandberg bluegrass 1-3 feet 1-3 feet Sorghastrum nutans yellow indian grass 1-3 feet 1-3 feet • Sporobolus cryptandrus sand dropseed 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Stipa comata needle and thread 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Stipa viridula green needlegrass 1-2 feet 1-3 feet GRASSLIKE SPECIES Mature Mature Scientific Name Common Name Height Width Carex nebrascensis Nebraska sedge 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Carex praegracilis Black creeping sedge 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Distichlis spicata inland saltgrass 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Eleocharis palustris creeping spikerush 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Glyceria striata mannagrass 1-3 feet 1-3 feet Juncus balticus Baltic rush 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Juncus tenuis slender rush 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Juncus toreyii Torrey's rush 1-2 feet 1-3 feet Scirpus pallidus cloaked bulrush 1-3 feet 1-3 feet Scirpus pungens three-square 1-3 feet 1-3 feet Scirpus tabernaemontani softstem bulrush 1-3 feet 1-3 feet Spartina pectinata prairie cordgrass 1.5 -5 feet 1-3 feet • 36 • Add to: Appendix 26-O Dry Creek RUA School Program School Program Requirements K-8 HS Estimated#of Schools 3 1 Land Area (AC) 60 50 Student Capacity per school 765 1020 Average Size(AC) 20 50 Min#of Jobs 61 19 Avg#of Jobs 114 36 Max #of Jobs 177 58 Min#of schools 1.55 0.39 Avg#of schools 2.87 0.73 Max #of schools 4.48 1.19 Note:Source Brighton 27j School District Ft.Lupton Weld 8 School District • • 37 Add: Appendix 26-S a ti g CRS i ° .> :II, CR4.3 11 M1 Draft Dry Creek RUA Map a� »w - — Er:: mg— CR3 nl • 38 • , Add: Appendix 26-T - I C I:r 9 I lii • 5 — 33� i I i 3 I. 1 O •-.., I • - I • ; •.'g ice_ n I w i it Eta 1 xi i ql. t 4c�' m m ♦F I c �.. <3: Y st \ Kv i ; 'iS.... 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